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Polyps and papillomas encompass the most common benign tumors of the urethra.Leiomyoma of urethra is a rare clinical entity which can be diagnosed only with histopathological examination and only around 35 such cases have been reported worldwide.

The effects of free convective Arrhenius-controlled heat transfer fluid in a microchannel encased by two parallel vertical plates has been examined in the current work. A new functional integration matrix has been developed by implementing Fibonacci Wavelet Frame known as Fibonacci wavelet Frame operational matrix. Primary goal of this study is to provide a unified method via FWF to compute an approximate solution to a non-linear differential equation systems for the fluid flowing in a microchannel. The leading nonlinear coupled differential equations has been tackled by this novel approach. The derived results are discussed visually and displayed with the help of various plots. Additionally, thermophysical parameters of engineering interest, such as the nusselt number and sheer stress are estimated and depicted in the graphs. It is worthwhile to note that fluid velocity and fluid temperature rises as the chemical reaction parameter value enhances. A remarkable agreement comes to light when the numerical data generated through the current method is compared with the findings from the previous work.

Background and Objective: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disease characterized by widespread, persistent musculoskeletal pain in association with impaired health-related quality of life. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an emerging tool for the management of fibromyalgia. There is no standardized protocol of rTMS for the treatment of FMS, and both low- and high-frequency stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are described in the literature with variable efficacy. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of rTMS in people with fibromyalgia and compare the response of low- and high-frequency stimulation with sham stimulation. Materials and Methods: This study was a single-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ninety patients with the diagnosis of FMS were randomly allocated into one of the following three groups: low-frequency (1 Hz) group, high-frequency (10 Hz) group, and sham group. Pain, depression, anxiety, and quality of life were measured using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) immediately following treatment as well as at 1 and 3 months after treatment. The data was statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23 software. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Intergroup analysis revealed a significant improvement in NPRS, HAM-A, HDRS, and FIQR scores in both low- and high- frequency groups immediately following treatment and for 3 months after treatment. No significant difference in the efficacy of low- and high-frequency stimulation was noticed. Conclusions: rTMS is an effective mode of treatment in people with FMS. Both low and high frequencies of stimulation at DLPFC are equally effective in reducing pain and associated symptoms.

Plant diseases are a primary hazard to the productiveness of crops, which impacts food protection and decreases the profitability of farmers. Consequently, identification of plant diseases becomes a crucial task. By taking the right nurturing measures to remediate these diseases in the early stages can drastically help in fending off the reduction in productivity/profit. Providing an intelligent and automated solution becomes a necessity. This can be achieved with the help of machine learning techniques. It involves a number of steps like image acquisition, image pre-processing using filtering and contrast enhancement techniques. Image segmentation, which is a crucial part in disease detection system, is done by applying genetic algorithm and the colour, texture features extracted using a local binary pattern. The novelty of this approach is applying the genetic algorithm for image segmentation and combining a set of propositions from all the learning classifiers with an ensemble method and calculating the results. This obeys the optimistic features of all the learning classifiers. System accuracy is evaluated using precision, recall, and accuracy measures. After analysing the results, it clearly shows that the ensemble models deliver very good accuracy of over 92 % as compared to an individual SVM, Naïve Bayes, and KNN classifiers.

Background: Adolescence, which lasts from the ages of 10-19, is the stage of life between childhood and adulthood. Health issues like alcohol and drug use, poor nutrition, and physical inactivity are widespread among adolescents. Notably, mental health stands out as one of the most prevalent and significant concerns in this age group. Schools are beneficial in recognizing the mental health care needs of adolescents, given that a substantial amount of their time is spent at school. Hence the study was conducted in school to investigate prevalence of depression and anxiety among adolescent students. Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety among high school adolescents and to know the determinants associated with it. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among high school adolescent students of schools in urban area of Belagavi. After getting approval from IEC, the data was collected from 100 students using pre-designed, pretested questionnaire. And Depression and Anxiety were assessed using the Becks Depression Inventory (BDI) scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) respectively. Results: Depression prevalence was 45% among students, categorized as mild (23%), borderline (9%), moderate (8%), and severe (5%) based on Becks Depression Inventory. Mean BDI score was 11.31±8.40. Surprisingly, 97% had anxiety with 76% mild, 17% moderate,4% severe anxiety as per Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, with mean HAM-A score of 10.72±8.18. Most affected students were 16 years old, Class-2 socioeconomic status, Hindus, from nuclear families, residing in pucca houses, consuming mixed diet, facing learning difficulties and lacking relationship affairs. A statistically significant association existed between depression and house type, as well as history of child abuse (p

The current work focus on a novel biomaterial extracted from Indian origin Deccani-Big sheep horn/scapula bone for exhaustive thermal property study using Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and statistical analysis study using log normal to determine the failure rate of brittle material. The TGA shows four regions, first region in the water reduction range, second region is plateau with no change in weight, third regionfor decomposition and last plateau showing stable final product. Broido, Coats-Redfern, Chang and Horowitz-Metzger approximations are employed to compute the activation energy (Ea) of samples during decomposition. The observed average mean tensile strength is 63.38MPa whereas with the help of Weibull distribution shows 64.55MPa with R2 as 0.94.

The current work provides a theoretical investigation of permeability effects on channel walls. The entropy generation in an incompressible Casson fluid flowing through an inclined penetrable channel which is under the magnetic action is numerically investigated by transforming the governing equations into a system of ODEs using non-dimensional parameters. The Hermite wavelet method is used to solve the achieved nonlinear coupled equations. Velocity, temperature, and entropy generation profiles are analyzed graphically and in addition, graphs are employed to assess the Bejan number, Nusselt number, and skin friction coefficient for a scale of various values of physical parameters. The results are evident that for increasing the Biot number, Grashof number, and Casson parameter entropy generation increases. The entropy production is suppressed when the Eckert number is enhanced. The dual nature of entropy generation is observed due to varying magnetic values. Our findings obtained from the present method are compared with other results available in the literature and is found that it is in good correlation with the existing one.

This research focuses on the decomposition temperature of a large sheep horn from Haveri District, Karnataka, India, which is 302.9°C. It also demonstrates the possible use of large sheep horn in the aerospace industry. It can be utilised as a Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) in high-pressure compressor blades of jet engines. Because of its poor thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity, it is a superb insulator, and temperatures throughout the TBC take around 10 minutes to match.

Background/Aim: Myths related to oral diseases and oral health-related practices are very common among the population. Inadequate knowledge along with the persisting myths regarding the etiology, course and outcome of oral diseases makes it difficult to initiate health behavioural changes. Present study scrutinizes various myths and misconceptions regarding oral health among the outpatients. The aim of this study was to assess myths and misconceptions about oral health and imparting education regarding the same.

Flow over a conventional delta wing has been studied experimentally at a subsonic flow of 20 m/sec and the flow field developed at higher angle of attack varying from 10° to 20° has been captured. A vortex generator is mounted on the leeward surface of the delta wing and its effect on the flow field is studied. The set of wing tip vortices generated over the delta wing is captured by the oil flow visualization and the streamline over the delta wing surface captured with and without a vortex generator are compared. Based on the qualitative results, the effect of the vortex generator on the lift coefficient is anticipated. Further, force measurement is carried out to quantitatively analyze the effect of vortex generator on the lift and drag coefficient experienced by the delta wing and justify the anticipation made out of the qualitative oil flow visualization tests. In the present study, the effect of mounting of a vortex generator is found to be minimal on the lift coefficient experienced by the delta wing. However, a significant reduction in the drag coefficient with increase in angle of attack was observed by mounting a typical vortex generator.

In this present analysis we investigated the steady-state magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow of tangent hyperbolic fluid over an exponentially stretching surface in the presence of heat source and chemical reaction. The chemical reaction with combination of exponential surface has significance in many industrial and manufacturing systems. The partial nonlinear differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using the similarity conversion and the accomplished boundary layer ordinary differential equations are elucidated numerically by using Shooting technique. The effects of numerous non-dimensional governing factors on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles were depicted graphically and analyzed in detail. The numerically computed results of Skin friction factor, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are presented in tabular form for suction and injection cases separately.Heat transfer rate at the surface increases with increasing values of power law of index and whereas it declines with the magnetic field, heat source and chemical reaction parameters. It observed that Biot number enhances the skin friction, Nusselt number and decrease the Sherwood number.Heat transfer rate and mass transfer rate increases and skin friction decreases with increasing Eckert number.

Seven parents in five cross combinations were studied for heterosis in F1 and inbreeding depression in F2 populations fornumber of bolls per plant, boll weight, halo length, ginning outturn and seed cotton yield per plant. In F1 hybrids, maximumheterosis was observed for seed cotton yield per plant followed by bolls per plant. Majority of the F2 population displayedinbreeding depression and it was high for seed cotton yield per plant followed by bolls per plant. Inbreeding depression washigher in Blach-1 x DLSA-17 cross followed by the hybrid DD-8NLE x MDL 2582 and in remaining hybrids it was lower.In F1 generation, heterosis over better parent ranged from 172.82 to 127.94 % for seed cotton yield per plant. The inbreedingdepression was lower when RDC 88 and 9749 was used as male parents in combination with MDL 2582 and MDL 2601 asmale parents.

A new ligand 5-[6-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole- 2-thiol (L) and its Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes were synthesized. The authenticity of the ligand and its transition metal complexes were established by elemental analyses, conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements, as well as spectroscopic (IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR, electronic, mass, ESR) and thermal studies. The IR and 1H-NMR spectral studies revealed the existence of the ligand in the thiol form in the solid state, whereas in the thione form in the dissolved state. The magnetic and electronic spectral studies suggest an octahedral geometry for all the complexes. The ligand acts as a tridentate ligand coordinating through the pyridine nitrogen and the nitrogen atoms (N-3' and N-3'') of the two oxadiazole rings. Antimicrobial screening of the ligand and its metal complexes were determined against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Bacillus cirroflagellosus, as well as against the fungi, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. .

A new macroacyclic amide ligand N,N’-bis(2-benzothiazolyl)-2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide (BPD), formed by the condensation of 2,6-pyridinedicarbonyldichloride with 2-aminobenzothiazole and its Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes were synthesized. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of elemental analyses, conductance measurements, magnetic moments, spectral (IR, NMR UV-Visible, EPR and FAB) and thermal studies. The complexes exhibit an octahedral geometry around the metal center. Conductance data of the complexes suggested them to be 1:1 electrolytes. The pentadentate behavior of the ligand was proposed on the basis of spectral studies. The X-band EPR spectra of the Cu(II) and Mn(II) complexes in the polycrystalline state at room (300 K) and liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) were recorded and their salient features are reported.

Idiopathic gingival enlargement is a proliferative fibrous lesion of the gingival tissue that causes esthetic and functional problems. Both genetically and pharmacologically induced forms of gingival enlargement exist. This case report addresses the diagnosis and treatment of a case of idiopathic gingival enlargement in a 13-year-old female. The patient presented with generalized diffuse gingival enlargement involving the maxillary and mandibular arches extending on buccal and lingual/palatal surfaces and covering incisal / occlusal third of the tooth resulting in difficulty in speech and mastication since last three years. Patient also gave a history of surgical treatment being carried out four years back in upper anterior region suggesting of recurrence. Biopsy report confirmed the diagnosis of gingival hyperplasia. Gingivectomy was carried out in all four quadrants by using four different methods.

Turner′s syndrome is a form of gonadal dysgenesis, which occurs due to abnormalities in the X chromosome during gametogenesis. The diagnosis may be made at birth due to various associated abnormalities or at puberty due to primary ammenarrhoea and delayed sexual development Abnormalities of the skeleton and connective tissue in Turner′s syndrome has been frequently reported. We present a case of bilateral bronchiectasis in a patient with Turner′s syndrome, of which only 2 cases have been reported so far in literature. Further studies are required to know the true incidence and the etiology of this association.