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The article discusses the concept of "lagom" in research design and the importance of appropriate sample sizes in entomological studies. It highlights the problem of underpowered studies, which can fail to detect true differences or relationships, and the ethical issues associated with overpowered studies. The article presents a case study of a graduate student who collected unnecessary data due to over-sampling, resulting in wasted time, missed opportunities, and harm to insect populations. It also criticizes the advisor's failure to fulfill their professional responsibilities. The authors emphasize the need for power analyses and appropriate sample sizes in research to ensure credible and ethical scientific practices. [Extracted from the article]

Simple Summary: Pollinating insects rely on a range of senses such as vision, olfaction, gustation, and mechanosensation to utilise, locate, and fly between floral resources. The size of different sensory organs determines their sensitivity and provides an indication of their relative importance—larger organs can enhance sensitivity by increasing the number or size of sensing structures. However, increasing the relative size of an organ would require additional energy for developing and maintaining it. This likely leads to a trade-off between the energy invested into different sensory systems within individuals. To explore how the size of the sensory organs vary with body size in insect pollinators and how the energetic investment is divided, we performed a series of morphological measurements on the eyes, antennae, proboscis, and wings of male and female Pieris napi butterflies with a range of body sizes. We found that only antenna (in females) and wing size (in males and females) increased with body size. Males also had larger eyes and antennae compared to females regardless of body size. Our results provide insights into how the sensory morphology of these butterflies varies with body size and sex, and highlights unusual instances of organs that do not scale with body size. In solitary insect pollinators such as butterflies, sensory systems must be adapted for multiple tasks, including nectar foraging, mate-finding, and locating host-plants. As a result, the energetic investments between sensory organs can vary at the intraspecific level and even among sexes. To date, little is known about how these investments are distributed between sensory systems and how it varies among individuals of different sex. We performed a comprehensive allometric study on males and females of the butterfly Pieris napi where we measured the sizes and other parameters of sensory traits including eyes, antennae, proboscis, and wings. Our findings show that among all the sensory traits measured, only antenna and wing size have an allometric relationship with body size and that the energetic investment in different sensory systems varies between males and females. Moreover, males had absolutely larger antennae and eyes, indicating that they invest more energy in these organs than females of the same body size. Overall, the findings of this study reveal that the size of sensory traits in P. napi are not necessarily related to body size and raises questions about other factors that drive sensory trait investment in this species and in other insect pollinators in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]