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261 results on '"Prendergast, Andrew J."'

1. Systemic biological mechanisms underpin poor post-discharge growth among severely wasted children with HIV

Author

Mudibo, Evans O., Bogaert, Jasper, Tigoi, Caroline, Ngari, Moses M., Singa, Benson O., Lancioni, Christina L., Diallo, Abdoulaye Hama, Mbale, Emmie, Mupere, Ezekiel, Mukisa, John, Thitiri, Johnstone, Timbwa, Molline, Omer, Elisha, Ngao, Narshion, Musyimi, Robert, Kahindi, Eunice, Bamouni, Roseline Maïmouna, Bandsma, Robert H. J., Kelly, Paul, Prendergast, Andrew J., McGrath, Christine J., Tickell, Kirkby D., Walson, Judd L., Berkley, James A., Njunge, James M., and Gonzales, Gerard Bryan

Published
2024
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4. Malnutrition enteropathy in Zambian and Zimbabwean children with severe acute malnutrition: A multi-arm randomized phase II trial

Author

Chandwe, Kanta, Bwakura-Dangarembizi, Mutsa, Amadi, Beatrice, Tawodzera, Gertrude, Ngosa, Deophine, Dzikiti, Anesu, Chulu, Nivea, Makuyana, Robert, Zyambo, Kanekwa, Mutasa, Kuda, Mulenga, Chola, Besa, Ellen, Sturgeon, Jonathan P., Mudzingwa, Shepherd, Simunyola, Bwalya, Kazhila, Lydia, Zyambo, Masuzyo, Sonkwe, Hazel, Mutasa, Batsirai, Chipunza, Miyoba, Sauramba, Virginia, Langhaug, Lisa, Mudenda, Victor, Murch, Simon H., Hill, Susan, Playford, Raymond J., VanBuskirk, Kelley, Prendergast, Andrew J., and Kelly, Paul

Published
2024
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7. Growth, physical, and cognitive function in children who are born HIV-free: School-age follow-up of a cluster-randomised trial in rural Zimbabwe

Author

Piper, Joe D, Mazhanga, Clever, Mwapaura, Marian, Mapako, Gloria, Mapurisa, Idah, Mashedze, Tsitsi, Munyama, Eunice, Kuona, Maria, Mashiri, Thombizodwa, Sibanda, Kundai, Matemavi, Dzidzai, Tichagwa, Monica, Nyoni, Soneni, Saidi, Asinje, Mangwende, Manasa, Chidhanguro, Dzivaidzo, Mpofu, Eddington, Tome, Joice, Mbewe, Gabriel, Mutasa, Batsirai, Chasekwa, Bernard, Njovo, Handrea, Nyachowe, Chandiwana, Muchekeza, Mary, Mutasa, Kuda, Sauramba, Virginia, Evans, Ceri, Gladstone, Melissa J, Wells, Jonathan C, Allen, Elizabeth, Smuk, Melanie, Humphrey, Jean H, Langhaug, Lisa F, Tavengwa, Naume V, Ntozini, Robert, and Prendergast, Andrew J

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Research, Cognition -- Physiological aspects, Children -- Physiological aspects -- Growth, Pediatric research, Company growth, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Globally, over 16 million children were exposed to HIV during pregnancy but remain HIV-free at birth and throughout childhood by 2022. Children born HIV-free (CBHF) have higher morbidity and mortality and poorer neurodevelopment in early life compared to children who are HIV-unexposed (CHU), but long-term outcomes remain uncertain. We characterised school-age growth, cognitive and physical function in CBHF and CHU previously enrolled in the Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial in rural Zimbabwe. Methods and findings The SHINE trial enrolled pregnant women between 2012 and 2015 across 2 rural Zimbabwean districts. Co-primary outcomes were height-for-age Z-score and haemoglobin at age 18 months (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01824940). Children were re-enrolled if they were aged 7 years, resident in Shurugwi district, and had known pregnancy HIV-exposure status. From 5,280 pregnant women originally enrolled, 376 CBHF and 2016 CHU reached the trial endpoint at 18 months in Shurugwi; of these, 264 CBHF and 990 CHU were evaluated at age 7 years using the School-Age Health, Activity, Resilience, Anthropometry and Neurocognitive (SAHARAN) toolbox. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (KABC-II), with additional tools measuring executive function, literacy, numeracy, fine motor skills, and socioemotional function. Physical function was assessed using standing broad jump and handgrip for strength, and the shuttle-run test for cardiovascular fitness. Growth was assessed by anthropometry. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance analysis and skinfold thicknesses. A caregiver questionnaire measured demographics, socioeconomic status, nurturing, child discipline, food, and water insecurity. We prespecified the primary comparisons and used generalised estimating equations with an exchangeable working correlation structure to account for clustering. Adjusted models used covariates from the trial (study arm, study nurse, exact child age, sex, calendar month measured, and ambient temperature). They also included covariates derived from directed acyclic graphs, with separate models adjusted for contemporary variables (socioeconomic status, household food insecurity, religion, social support, gender norms, caregiver depression, age, caregiver education, adversity score, and number of children's books) and early-life variables (length-for-age-Z-score) at 18 months, birthweight, maternal baseline depression, household diet, maternal schooling and haemoglobin, socioeconomic status, facility birth, and gender norms. We applied a Bonferroni correction for the 27 comparisons (0.05/27) with threshold of p < 0.00185 as significant. We found strong evidence that cognitive function was lower in CBHF compared to CHU across multiple domains. The KABC-II mental processing index was 45.2 (standard deviation (SD) 10.5) in CBHF and 48.3 (11.3) in CHU (mean difference 3.3 points [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.0, 4.5]; p < 0.001). The school achievement test score was 39.0 (SD 26.0) in CBHF and 45.7 (27.8) in CHU (mean difference 7.3 points [95% CI 3.6, 10.9]; p < 0.001); differences remained significant in adjusted analyses. Executive function was reduced but not significantly in adjusted analyses. We found no consistent evidence of differences in growth or physical function outcomes. The main limitation of our study was the restriction to one of two previous study districts, with possible survivor and selection bias. Conclusions In this study, we found that CBHF had reductions in cognitive function compared to CHU at 7 years of age across multiple domains. Further research is needed to define the biological and psychosocial mechanisms underlying these differences to inform future interventions that help CBHF thrive across the life-course. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov The SHINE follow-up study was registered with the Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR202201828512110). The original SHINE trial was registered at NCT https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01824940., Author(s): Joe D Piper 1,2,3,*, Clever Mazhanga 1, Marian Mwapaura 1, Gloria Mapako 1, Idah Mapurisa 1, Tsitsi Mashedze 1, Eunice Munyama 1, Maria Kuona 1, Thombizodwa Mashiri 1, Kundai [...]

Published
2024
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8. School-age growth and development following infant feeding and/or water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions in rural Zimbabwe: long-term follow-up of a cluster-randomised trial

Author

Piper, Joe D., Mazhanga, Clever, Mwapaura, Marian, Mapako, Gloria, Mapurisa, Idah, Mashedze, Tsitsi, Munyama, Eunice, Kuona, Maria, Mashiri, Thombizodwa, Sibanda, Kundai, Matemavi, Dzidzai, Tichagwa, Monica, Nyoni, Soneni, Saidi, Asinje, Mangwende, Manasa, Mbewe, Gabriel, Chidhanguro, Dzivaidzo, Mpofu, Eddington, Tome, Joice, Mutasa, Batsirai, Chasekwa, Bernard, Njovo, Handrea, Nyachowe, Chandiwana, Muchekeza, Mary, Sauramba, Virginia, Gladstone, Melissa J., Wells, Jonathan C., Allen, Elizabeth, Moulton, Lawrence H., Smuk, Melanie, Humphrey, Jean H., Langhaug, Lisa F., Tavengwa, Naume V., Ntozini, Robert, and Prendergast, Andrew J.

Published
2024
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9. Bifidobacterium longum and microbiome maturation modify a nutrient intervention for stunting in Zimbabwean infants

Author

Gough, Ethan K., Edens, Thaddeus J., Carr, Lynnea, Robertson, Ruairi C., Mutasa, Kuda, Ntozini, Robert, Chasekwa, Bernard, Geum, Hyun Min, Baharmand, Iman, Gill, Sandeep K., Mutasa, Batsirai, Mbuya, Mduduzi N.N., Majo, Florence D., Tavengwa, Naume, Francis, Freddy, Tome, Joice, Evans, Ceri, Kosek, Margaret, Prendergast, Andrew J., and Manges, Amee R.

Published
2024
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12. The gut microbiome and early-life growth in a population with high prevalence of stunting

Author

Robertson, Ruairi C., Edens, Thaddeus J., Carr, Lynnea, Mutasa, Kuda, Gough, Ethan K., Evans, Ceri, Geum, Hyun Min, Baharmand, Iman, Gill, Sandeep K., Ntozini, Robert, Smith, Laura E., Chasekwa, Bernard, Majo, Florence D., Tavengwa, Naume V., Mutasa, Batsirai, Francis, Freddy, Tome, Joice, Stoltzfus, Rebecca J., Humphrey, Jean H., Prendergast, Andrew J., and Manges, Amee R.

Published
2023
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14. Estimating the impact of alternative programmatic cotrimoxazole strategies on mortality among children born to mothers with HIV: A modelling study

Author

Mathur, Shrey, Smuk, Melanie, Evans, Ceri, Wedderburn, Catherine J., Gibb, Diana M., Penazzato, Martina, and Prendergast, Andrew J.

Subjects
EPUB (Standard), HIV (Viruses), HIV testing, Mortality -- Uganda -- Côte d'Ivoire -- Mozambique -- Zimbabwe, Evidence (Law), Drug resistance in microorganisms, Antiviral agents, Highly active antiretroviral therapy, Children -- Health aspects, Disease transmission, Biological sciences, World Health Organization
Abstract

Background World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for children who are HIV-exposed until infection is excluded and vertical transmission risk has ended. While cotrimoxazole has benefits for children with HIV, there is no mortality benefit for children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected, prompting a review of global guidelines. Here, we model the potential impact of alternative cotrimoxazole strategies on mortality in children who are HIV-exposed. Methods and findings Using a deterministic compartmental model, we estimated mortality in children who are HIV-exposed from 6 weeks to 2 years of age in 4 high-burden countries: Côte d'Ivoire, Mozambique, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. Vertical transmission rates, testing rates, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) uptake were derived from UNAIDS data, trial evidence, and meta-analyses. We explored 6 programmatic strategies: maintaining current recommendations; shorter cotrimoxazole provision for 3, 6, 9, or 12 months; and starting cotrimoxazole only for children diagnosed with HIV. Modelled alternatives to the current strategy increased mortality to varying degrees; countries with high vertical transmission had the greatest mortality. Compared to current recommendations, starting cotrimoxazole only after a positive HIV test had the greatest predicted increase in mortality: Mozambique (961 excess annual deaths; excess mortality 339 per 100,000 HIV-exposed children; risk ratio (RR) 1.06), Uganda (491; 221; RR 1.04), Zimbabwe (352; 260; RR 1.05), and Côte d'Ivoire (125; 322; RR 1.06). Similar effects were observed for 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month strategies. Increased mortality persisted but was attenuated when modelling lower cotrimoxazole uptake, smaller mortality benefits, higher testing coverage, and lower vertical transmission rates. The study is limited by uncertain estimates of cotrimoxazole coverage in programmatic settings; an inability to model increases in mortality arising from antimicrobial resistance due to limited surveillance data in sub-Saharan Africa; and lack of a formal health economic analysis. Conclusions Changing current guidelines from universal cotrimoxazole provision for children who are HIV-exposed increased predicted mortality across the 4 modelled high-burden countries, depending on test-to-treat cascade coverage and vertical transmission rates. These findings can help inform policymaker deliberations on cotrimoxazole strategies, recognising that the risks and benefits differ across settings., Author(s): Shrey Mathur 1,*, Melanie Smuk 1, Ceri Evans 1,2,3, Catherine J. Wedderburn 4,5, Diana M. Gibb 4, Martina Penazzato 6, Andrew J. Prendergast 1,2 Introduction Vertical transmission of HIV [...]

Published
2024
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15. What more can be done? Prioritizing the most promising antenatal interventions to improve birth weight

Author

Awoyemi, Toluwalase, Ayede, Adejumoke I., Bastola, Kalpana, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Blencowe, Hannah, Christian, Parul, David, Anna, Hunter, Patricia, Isojärvi, Jaana, Katz, Joanne, De Costa, Ayesha, Erchick, Daniel J., Gibson, Sarah, Goncalves, Bronner P., Gravett, Michael G., Hadji, Maryam, Hazel, Elizabeth, Hofmeyr, G Justus, Kozuki, Naoko, Lee, Anne CC., Magge, Hema, Manasyan, Albert, Mohiddin, Abdulrahman, Morrison, Melissa, Muthiani, Yvonne, Nabwera, Helen, Nakimuli, Annettee, Okong, Pius, Prendergast, Andrew J., Simon, Jonathon, Temmerman, Marleen, Yan, Jian, Koivu, Annariina M., Haapaniemi, Tiia, Askari, Sufia, Bhandari, Nita, Black, Robert E., Chico, R. Matthew, Dewey, Kathryn G., Duggan, Christopher P., Klein, Nigel, Kumar, Somesh, Lawn, Joy E., Manji, Karim, Näsänen-Gilmore, Pieta K., Salasibew, Mihretab, Semrau, Katherine E.A., Ashorn, Ulla, and Ashorn, Per

Published
2023
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17. Immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid, or combination therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a propensity-weighted cohort study

Author

Chouli, Mohamed, Hamadouche, Nacera, Ladj, Mohamed Samir, Agrimbau Vázquez, Jorge, Carmona, Rodrigo, Collia, Adrian Gustavo, Ellis, Alejandro, Natta, Diego, Pérez, Laura, Rubiños, Mayra, Veliz, Natalia, Yori, Silvana, Britton, Philip N., Burgner, David P., Carey, Emma, Crawford, Nigel W., Giuliano, Hayley, McMinn, Alissa, Wong, Shirley, Wood, Nicholas, Holter, Wolfgang, Krainz, Matthias, Ulreich, Raphael, Zurl, Christoph, Dehoorne, Joke, Haerynck, Filomeen, Hoste, Levi, Schelstraete, Petra, Vandekerckhove, Kristof, Willems, Jef, Almeida Farias, Camila Giuliana, Almeida, Flávia Jacqueline, Alves Leal, Izabel, Araujo da Silva, André Ricardo, Araujo e Silva, Anna Esther, Barreiro, Sabrina T.A., Bomfim Prado da Silva, Daniella Gregória, Cervi, Maria Celia, dos Santos Naja Cardoso, Mirian Viviane, Henriques Teixeira, Cristiane, Jarovsky, Daniel, Martins Araujo, Julienne, Naaman Berezin, Eitan, Palazzi Sáfadi, Marco Aurélio, Paternina-de la Ossa, Rolando Andres, Souza Vieira, Cristina, Dimitrova, Anna, Ganeva, Margarita, Stefanov, Stefan, Telcharova-Mihaylovska, Albena, Biggs, Catherine M., Lopez, Alison, Scuccimarri, Rosie, Tan, Ryan, Wasserman, Sam, Withington, Davinia, Ampuero, Camila, Aravena, Javiera, Bustos B, Raul, Casanova, Daniel, Cruces, Pablo, Diaz, Franco, García-Salum, Tamara, Godoy, Loreto, Medina, Rafael A., Valenzuela Galaz, Gonzalo, Camacho-Moreno, Germán, Avila-Aguero, María L., Brenes-Chacón, Helena, Camacho-Badilla, Kattia, Ivankovich-Escoto, Gabriela, Naranjo-Zuniga, Gabriela, Soriano-Fallas, Alejandra, Ulloa-Gutierrez, Rolando, Yock-Corrales, Adriana, Amer, Maysa Abbas, Abdelmeguid, Yasmine, Ahmed, Yomna H.H.Z., Badib, Adham, Badreldin, Karim, Elkhashab, Yara, Heshmat, Hassan, Hussein, Amna, Mohamed Hussein, Amna Hussein, Ibrahim, Sandra, Shoman, Walaa, Yakout, Radwa M, Heinonen, Santtu, Angoulvant, François, Belot, Alexandre, Ouldali, Naïm, Beske, Florian, Heep, Axel, Masjosthusmann, Katja, Reiter, Karl, van den Heuvel, Ingeborg, von Both, Ulrich, Agrafiotou, Aikaterini, Antachopoulos, Charalampos, Charisi, Konstantina, Eleftheriou, Irini, Farmaki, Evangelia, Fotis, Lampros, Kafetzis, Dimitrios, Koletsi, Patra, Kourtesi, Katerina, Lampidi, Stavroula, Liakopoulou, Theodota, Maritsi, Despoina, Michailidou, Elisa, Milioudi, Maria, Mparmpounaki, Ioanna, Papadimitriou, Eleni, Papaevangelou, Vassiliki, Roilides, Emmanuel, Tsiatsiou, Olga, Tsolas, Georgios, Tsolia, Maria, Vantsi, Petrina, Banegas Pineda, Linda Yajeira, Borjas Aguilar, Karla Leversia, Cantillano Quintero, Edwin Mauricio, Ip, Patrick, Kwan, Mike Yat Wah, Kwok, Janette, Lau, Yu Lung, To, Kelvin, Wong, Joshua Sung Chih, David, Mate, Farkas, David, Kalcakosz, Szofia, Szekeres, Klaudia, Zsigmond, Borbala, Aslam, Nadeem, Luder, Anthony, Andreozzi, Laura, Bianco, Francesco, Bucciarelli, Valentina, Buonsenso, Danilo, Cimaz, Rolando, De Luca, Maia, Dellepiane, Rosa Maria, Fabi, Marianna, Filice, Emanuele, Lanari, Marcello, Lo Vecchio, Andrea, Mastrolia, Maria Vincenza, Mauro, Angela, Mazza, Angelo, Papa, Mario Virgilio, Romani, Lorenza, Scarano, Sara Maria, Simonini, Gabriele, Tipo, Vincenzo, Verdoni, Lucio, Macharia, Anne-Marie, Musiime, Grace, Reel, Bhupi, Wangai, Frederick, Pace, David, Torpiano, Paul, Anaya-Enriquez, Nancy, Carreon-Guerrero, Juan Manuel, Chacon-Cruz, Enrique, Cheung López, Mariana, Faugier Fuentes, Enrique, Fonseca Flores, Marisol, García-Domínguez, Miguel, Giron Vargas, Ana Luisa, Lopez-Delgado, Ivan, Lopez Hernández, Liliana, Menchaca Aguayo, Hector F., Montaño-Duron, Jesus Gilberto, Pérez-Gaxiola, Giordano, Ramos Tiñini, Pamela, Tostado-Morales, Edgardo, Valadez, Julio, Inchley, Christopher, Klevberg, Sjur, Knudsen, Per Kristian, Måseide, Per Helge, Carrera, Jose Manuel, Castaño, Elizabeth, Daza Timana, Carlos Alberto, De Leon, Tirza, Estripeaut, Dora, Levy, Jacqueline, Norero, Ximena, Record, Javier, Rojas-Bonilla, Magda, Wong, Mayra, Iramain, Ricardo, Hernandez, Roger, Huamán, Gian, Munaico, Manuel, Peralta, Carlos, Seminario, Diego, Zapata Yarlequé, Elmer Hans, Gadzinska, Justyna, Ludwikowska, Kamila, Mandziuk, Joanna, Okarska-Napierała, Magdalena, Alacheva, Zalina A., Alexeeva, Ekaterina, Ananin, Petr V., Antsupova, Margarita, Bakradze, Maya D., Berbenyuk, Anna, Bobkova, Polina, Borzakova, Svetlana, Chashchina, Irina L., El-Taravi, Yasmin, Fisenko, Andrey P., Gautier, Marina S., Glazyrina, Anastasia, Gorlenko, Cyrill, Grosheva, Mariia, Kiselev, Herman, Kondrikova, Elena, Korobyants, Evgeniya, Korsunskiy, Anatoliy A., Kovygina, Karina, Krasnaya, Ekaterina, Kurbanova, Seda, Kurdup, Maria K., Mamutova, Anna V., Mazankova, Lyudmila, Mitushin, Ilya L., Munblit, Daniel, Nargizyan, Anzhelika, Orlova, Yanina O., Osmanov, Ismail M., Polyakova, Anastasia S., Pushkareva, Anna, Romanova, Olga, Samitova, Elmira, Shvedova, Anastasia, Sologub, Anna, Iakovleva, Ekaterina, Tepaev, Rustem F., Tkacheva, Anna A., Yegiyan, Margarita, Yusupova, Valeriya, Zholobova, Elena, Grasa, Carlos Daniel, Epalza, Cristina, Lopez Segura, Nuria, Martinon-Torres, Federico, Melendo, Susana, Mendez-Echevarria, Ana, Mesa Guzmán, Juan Miguel, Palacios Argueta, Jorge Roberto, Rivero-Calle, Irene, Rivière, Jacques, Rodríguez-González, Moisés, Rojo, Pablo, Sanchez Manubens, Judith, Soler-Palacin, Pere, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Tagarro, Alfredo, Villaverde, Serena, Altman, Maria, Brodin, Petter, Horne, AnnaCarin, Palmblad, Karin, Brotschi, Barbara, Meyer Sauteur, Patrick, Pachlopnik Schmid, Jana, Prader, Seraina, Relly, Christa, Schlapbach, Luregn J., Seiler, Michelle, Strasser, Sophie, Trück, Johannes, Weber, Kathrin, Wütz, Daniela, Hamdan, Alaa, Melhem, Ibrahim, Moussa, Ahmed, Dunk, Joke, Ketharanathan, Naomi, Vermont, Clementien, Akyüz Özkan, Esra, Cetin, Benhur Sirvan, Erdeniz, Emine Hafize, Şahin, Irfan Oğuz, Borisova, Galina, Boyarchuk, Oksana, Boychenko, Lidiya, Boyko, Yaryna, Diudenko, Nadiia, Dyvonyak, Olha, Kasiyan, Olexandr, Katerynych, Kostiantyn, Kostyuchenko, Larysa, Mamenko, Marina, Melnyk, Kateryna, Miagka, Nelia, Nazarenko, Liliya, Nezgoda, Iryna, Rykova, Stanislava, Svyst, Olga, Teslenko, Maria, Trykosh, Mykola, Vasilenko, Nataliya, Volokha, Alla, Adams, Charlotte, Akomolafe, Toju, Al-Abadi, Eslam, Alders, Nele, Alifieraki, Styliani, Ansumanu, Hareef, Aston, Emily, Avram, Paula, Bamford, Alasdair, Banks, Millie, Basu Roy, Robin, Beattie, Thomas, Boleti, Olga, Bracken, Abbey, Broad, Jonathan, Cai, James, Carrol, Enitan D., Carter, Michael, Chandran, Anchit, Charlesworth, James, Chawla, Jaya, Cooper, Hannah, Cooray, Samantha, Davies, Patrick, Davis, Francesca, Drysdale, Simon B., Dzora, Ella, Emonts, Marieke, Evans, Ceri, Fidler, Katy, Foster, Caroline, Gong, Chen, Gongrun, Berin, Gonzalez, Carmen, Gorgun, Berin, Grandjean, Louis, Grant, Karlie, Guo, Jonathan, Hacohen, Yael, Hall, Jack, Hamid, Hytham K.S., Hassell, Jane, Hesketh, Christine, Hewlett, Jessica, Hnieno, Ahmad, Holt-Davis, Hannah, Hossain, Aleena, Hu, Shiying, Hudson, Lee D., Jheeta, Sharon, Johnson, Mae, Johnson, Sarah, Jyothish, Deepthi, Kampmann, Beate, Kavirayani, Akhila, Kelly, Deborah, Kirubakaran, Arangan, Kucera, Filip, Langer, Daniel, Lawson, George, Lees, Emily A, Lenihan, Rebecca, Lillie, Jon, Longbottom, Katherine, Lyall, Hermione, Mackdermott, Niamh, Maltby, Sarah, Mclelland, Thomas, McMahon, Anne-Marie, Miller, Danielle, Miranda, Mariana, Mirza, Luwaiza, Morrison, Zoe, Moshal, Karyn, Muller, Jennifer, Musuka, Phoebe, Myttaraki, Evangelia, Nadel, Simon, Nair, Sreedevi, Nuttall, Luke, Oremakinde, Oyinkansola, Osaghae, Daniella, Osman, Fatima, Ostrzewska, Anna, Paccagnella, Davide, Panthula, Mrinalini, Papachatzi, Eleni, Papadopoulou, Charalampia, Patel, Fahim, Patel, Harsita, Payne, Helen, Penner, Justin, Polandi, Shervin, Prendergast, Andrew J., Ramnarayan, Padmanabhan, Ranasinghe, Lasith, Ravichandran, Muthukumaran, Rhys-Evans, Sophie, Riordan, Andrew, Rodrigues, Charlene M.C., Roe, Lauren, Romaine, Sam, Schobi, Nina, Seddon, James, Shingadia, Delane, Sikdar, Oishi, Srivastava, Anand, Struik, Siske, Sun, Thomas, Tan, Rachel Wei, Taylor, Alice, Taylor, Amanda, Taylor, Andrew, Tran, Steven, Tsagkaris, Stavros, Tudor-Williams, Gareth, van den Berg, Sarah, van der Velden, Fabian, Ventilacion, Lyn, Wellman, Paul A., Withers Green, Joseph, Yanney, Michael P., Yeung, Shunmay, Badheka, Aditya, Badran, Sarah, Bailey, Dwight M., Burch, Anna Kathryn, Burns, Jane C., Cichon, Catherine, Cirks, Blake, Dallman, Michael D., Delany, Dennis R., Fairchok, Mary, Friedman, Samantha, Geracht, Jennifer, Langs-Barlow, Allison, Mann, Kelly, Padhye, Amruta, Quade, Alexis, Ramirez, Kacy Alyne, Rockett, John, Sayed, Imran Ali, Santos, Roberto P., Shahin, Amr A., Tremoulet, Adriana, Umaru, Samuel, Widener, Rebecca, Mujuru, Hilda Angela, Kandawasvika, Gwendoline, Channon-Wells, Samuel, Vito, Ortensia, McArdle, Andrew J, Seaby, Eleanor G, Shah, Priyen, Pazukhina, Ekaterina, Wilson, Clare, Broderick, Claire, D'Souza, Giselle, Keren, Ilana, Nijman, Ruud G, Carter, Michael J, De, Tisham, Hoggart, Clive, Whittaker, Elizabeth, Herberg, Jethro A, Kaforou, Myrsini, Cunnington, Aubrey J, Blyuss, Oleg, and Levin, Michael

Published
2023
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18. Spatiotemporal variation in risk of Shigella infection in childhood: a global risk mapping and prediction model using individual participant data

Author

Badr, Hamada S, Colston, Josh M, Nguyen, Nhat-Lan H, Chen, Yen Ting, Burnett, Eleanor, Ali, Syed Asad, Rayamajhi, Ajit, Satter, Syed M, Van Trang, Nguyen, Eibach, Daniel, Krumkamp, Ralf, May, Jürgen, Adegnika, Ayola Akim, Manouana, Gédéon Prince, Kremsner, Peter Gottfried, Chilengi, Roma, Hatyoka, Luiza, Debes, Amanda K, Ateudjieu, Jerome, Faruque, Abu S G, Hossain, M Jahangir, Kanungo, Suman, Kotloff, Karen L, Mandomando, Inácio, Nisar, M Imran, Omore, Richard, Sow, Samba O, Zaidi, Anita K M, Lambrecht, Nathalie, Adu, Bright, Page, Nicola, Platts-Mills, James A, Mavacala Freitas, Cesar, Pelkonen, Tuula, Ashorn, Per, Maleta, Kenneth, Ahmed, Tahmeed, Bessong, Pascal, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Mason, Carl, Mduma, Estomih, Olortegui, Maribel P, Peñataro Yori, Pablo, Lima, Aldo A M, Kang, Gagandeep, Humphrey, Jean, Ntozini, Robert, Prendergast, Andrew J, Okada, Kazuhisa, Wongboot, Warawan, Langeland, Nina, Moyo, Sabrina J, Gaensbauer, James, Melgar, Mario, Freeman, Matthew, Chard, Anna N, Thongpaseuth, Vonethalom, Houpt, Eric, Zaitchik, Benjamin F, and Kosek, Margaret N

Published
2023
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20. Preventive small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements reduce severe wasting and severe stunting among young children: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author

Dewey, Kathryn G, Arnold, Charles D, Wessells, K Ryan, Prado, Elizabeth L, Abbeddou, Souheila, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Ali, Hasmot, Arnold, Benjamin F, Ashorn, Per, Ashorn, Ulla, Ashraf, Sania, Becquey, Elodie, Brown, Kenneth H, Christian, Parul, Colford, Jr, John M, Dulience, Sherlie JL, Fernald, Lia CH, Galasso, Emanuela, Hallamaa, Lotta, Hess, Sonja Y, Humphrey, Jean H, Huybregts, Lieven, Iannotti, Lora L, Jannat, Kaniz, Lartey, Anna, Le Port, Agnes, Leroy, Jef L, Luby, Stephen P, Maleta, Kenneth, Matias, Susana L, Mbuya, Mduduzi NN, Mridha, Malay K, Nkhoma, Minyanga, Null, Clair, Paul, Rina R, Okronipa, Harriet, Ouédraogo, Jean-Bosco, Pickering, Amy J, Prendergast, Andrew J, Ruel, Marie, Shaikh, Saijuddin, Weber, Ann M, Wolff, Patricia, Zongrone, Amanda, and Stewart, Christine P

Published
2022
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21. Child play and caregiver support to promote convalescence following severe acute malnutrition in Zimbabwe: The Tamba‐SAM pilot study.

Author

Kabongo, Jacqueline, Mudawarima, Louisa, Majo, Florence D., Dzikiti, Anesu, Tome, Joice, Chasekwa, Bernard, Mutasa, Batsirai, Dzapasi, Lloyd, Munetsi, Epiphania, Cordani, Isabella, Ntozini, Robert, Langhaug, Lisa F., Bwakura‐Dangarembizi, Mutsa, and Prendergast, Andrew J.

Abstract

Children hospitalised for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) have a high risk of mortality, relapse and rehospitalisation following hospital discharge. Current approaches fail to promote convalescence, or to address the underlying social determinants of SAM, meaning that restoration of long‐term health, growth and neurodevelopment is not achieved. Although guidelines recommend play and stimulation to promote recovery, most caregivers are not supported to do this at home. We set out to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a codesigned intervention package aimed at providing child stimulation through play, and strengthening caregiver capabilities through problem‐solving skills, peer support and income‐generating activities. We evaluated the intervention in two phases, enroling 30 caregiver–child pairs from paediatric wards in Harare, Zimbabwe, once children who had been hospitalised with SAM were ready for discharge. Children were median 17.8 months old, and 28.6% had human immunodeficiency virus. Trained intervention facilitators (IFs)—lay workers whose own children had previously had SAM—delivered the intervention over 12 weeks with nurse supervision. Qualitative interviews with caregivers and IFs showed that the intervention was feasible and acceptable. Participants reported benefiting from the psychosocial support and counselling, and several started income‐generating projects. Caregivers appreciated the concept of play and caregiver–child interaction, and all reported practising what they had learned. By Week 12, caregiver mental health and caregiver–child interaction improved significantly. Overall, the intervention was feasible, acceptable and showed promise in modifying caregiver knowledge, attitudes and practice. An efficacy trial is now needed to evaluate whether the intervention can improve child convalescence following complicated SAM. Key messages: A psychosocial intervention which enhances child play and promotes caregiver support may improve convalescence following severe acute malnutrition.We co‐designed a complex intervention, designed to provide child stimulation through play, and to strengthen caregiver and household capabilities through problem‐solving skills, peer support and income‐generating activities.The 12‐week intervention, delivered by trained lay workers whose own children had previously had SAM, was feasible and acceptable, and caregivers showed improvements in mental health and caregiver‐child interaction.This psychosocial support package should now be tested in a randomised trial to evaluate its efficacy in promoting convalescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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22. When and how to intervene to improve the health of children born HIV‐free

Author

Evans, Ceri and Prendergast, Andrew J.

Subjects
Maternal-fetal exchange -- Health aspects, Children -- Health aspects, HIV infection -- Prevention, Health
Abstract

Children born to mothers with HIV, who themselves remain HIV‐free, are at risk for poorer health outcomes compared to children born to mothers without HIV, including increased morbidity and mortality, [...]

Published
2023
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26. Associations between biomarkers of environmental enteric dysfunction and oral rotavirus vaccine immunogenicity in rural Zimbabwean infants

Author

Church, James A, Rukobo, Sandra, Govha, Margaret, Gough, Ethan K, Chasekwa, Bernard, Lee, Benjamin, Carmolli, Marya P, Panic, Gordana, Giallourou, Natasa, Ntozini, Robert, Mutasa, Kuda, McNeal, Monica M, Majo, Florence D., Tavengwa, Naume V., Swann, Jonathan R., Moulton, Lawrence H, Kirkpatrick, Beth D, Humphrey, Jean H, and Prendergast, Andrew J

Published
2021
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27. Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements for children age 6–24 months: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of effects on developmental outcomes and effect modifiers

Author

Prado, Elizabeth L, Arnold, Charles D, Wessells, K Ryan, Stewart, Christine P, Abbeddou, Souheila, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Arnold, Benjamin F, Ashorn, Ulla, Ashorn, Per, Becquey, Elodie, Brown, Kenneth H, Chandna, Jaya, Christian, Parul, Dentz, Holly N, Dulience, Sherlie JL, Fernald, Lia CH, Galasso, Emanuela, Hallamaa, Lotta, Hess, Sonja Y, Huybregts, Lieven, Iannotti, Lora L, Jimenez, Elizabeth Y, Kohl, Patricia, Lartey, Anna, Le Port, Agnes, Luby, Stephen P, Maleta, Kenneth, Matchado, Andrew, Matias, Susana L, Mridha, Malay K, Ntozini, Robert, Null, Clair, Ocansey, Maku E, Parvez, Sarker M, Phuka, John, Pickering, Amy J, Prendergast, Andrew J, Shamim, Abu A, Siddiqui, Zakia, Tofail, Fahmida, Weber, Ann M, Wu, Lee SF, and Dewey, Kathryn G

Published
2021
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28. Characteristics that modify the effect of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation on child growth: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author

Dewey, Kathryn G, Wessells, K Ryan, Arnold, Charles D, Prado, Elizabeth L, Abbeddou, Souheila, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Ali, Hasmot, Arnold, Benjamin F, Ashorn, Per, Ashorn, Ulla, Ashraf, Sania, Becquey, Elodie, Bendabenda, Jaden, Brown, Kenneth H, Christian, Parul, Colford, John M, Jr, Dulience, Sherlie JL, Fernald, Lia CH, Galasso, Emanuela, Hallamaa, Lotta, Hess, Sonja Y, Humphrey, Jean H, Huybregts, Lieven, Iannotti, Lora L, Jannat, Kaniz, Lartey, Anna, Le Port, Agnes, Leroy, Jef L, Luby, Stephen P, Maleta, Kenneth, Matias, Susana L, Mbuya, Mduduzi NN, Mridha, Malay K, Nkhoma, Minyanga, Null, Clair, Paul, Rina R, Okronipa, Harriet, Ouédraogo, Jean-Bosco, Pickering, Amy J, Prendergast, Andrew J, Ruel, Marie, Shaikh, Saijuddin, Weber, Ann M, Wolff, Patricia, Zongrone, Amanda, and Stewart, Christine P

Published
2021
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29. Co‐trimoxazole prophylaxis for children who are HIV‐exposed and uninfected: a systematic review

Author

Wedderburn, Catherine J., Evans, Ceri, Slogrove, Amy L., Rehman, Andrea M., Gibb, Diana M., Prendergast, Andrew J., and Penazzato, Martina

Subjects
Co-trimoxazole -- Dosage and administration, Maternal-fetal exchange -- Health aspects, Secondary data analysis -- Management, HIV infection -- Physiological aspects, Company business management, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Co‐trimoxazole prophylaxis is recommended for children born to women with HIV to protect those who acquire HIV from opportunistic infections, severe bacterial infections and malaria. With scale‐up of maternal antiretroviral therapy, most children remain HIV‐exposed uninfected (HEU) and the benefits of universal co‐trimoxazole are uncertain. We assessed the effect of co‐trimoxazole on mortality and morbidity of children who are HEU. Methods: We performed a systematic review (PROSPERO number: CRD42021215059). We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Global Health, CINAHL Plus, Africa‐Wide Information, SciELO and WHO Global Index Medicus for peer‐reviewed articles from inception to 4th January 2022 without limits. Ongoing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified through registries. We included RCTs reporting mortality or morbidity in children who are HEU receiving co‐trimoxazole versus no prophylaxis/placebo. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane 2.0 tool. Data were summarized using narrative synthesis and findings were stratified by malaria endemicity. Results: We screened 1257 records and included seven reports from four RCTs. Two trials from Botswana and South Africa of 4067 children who are HEU found no difference in mortality or infectious morbidity in children randomized to co‐trimoxazole prophylaxis started at 2–6 weeks of age compared to those randomized to placebo or no treatment, although event rates were low. Sub‐studies found that antimicrobial resistance was higher in infants receiving co‐trimoxazole. Two trials in Uganda investigating prolonged co‐trimoxazole after breastfeeding cessation showed protection against malaria but no other morbidity or mortality differences. All trials had some concerns or a high risk of bias, which limited the certainty of evidence. Discussion: Studies show no clinical benefit of co‐trimoxazole prophylaxis in children who are HEU, except to prevent malaria. Potential harms were identified for co‐trimoxazole prophylaxis leading to antimicrobial resistance. The trials in non‐malarial regions were conducted in populations with low mortality potentially reducing generalizability to other settings. Conclusions: In low‐mortality settings with few HIV transmissions and well‐performing early infant diagnosis and treatment programmes, universal co‐trimoxazole may not be required., INTRODUCTION Vertical transmission of HIV has declined enormously over recent years due to the widespread scale‐up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among pregnant and breastfeeding women. However, despite this marked progress, [...]

Published
2023
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30. Maternal fecal microbiome predicts gestational age, birth weight and neonatal growth in rural Zimbabwe.

Author

Gough, Ethan K., Edens, Thaddeus J., Geum, Hyun Min, Baharmand, Iman, Gill, Sandeep K., Robertson, Ruairi C., Mutasa, Kuda, Ntozini, Robert, Smith, Laura E, Chasekwa, Bernard, Majo, Florence D., Tavengwa, Naume V., Mutasa, Batsirai, Francis, Freddy, Carr, Lynnea, Tome, Joice, Stoltzfus, Rebecca J., Moulton, Lawrence H., Prendergast, Andrew J., Humphrey, Jean H., Manges, Amee R., and Team, SHINE Trial

Published
2021
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34. Maternal inflammatory and microbial drivers of low birthweight in low- and middle-income countries.

Author

Broad, Jonathan, Robertson, Ruairi C., Evans, Ceri, Perussolo, Jeniffer, Lum, Gina, Piper, Joe D., Loucaides, Eva, Ziruma, Asaph, Chasekwa, Bernard, Ntozini, Robert, Bourke, Claire D., and Prendergast, Andrew J.

Subjects
MIDDLE-income countries, PREMATURE labor, COMMUNICABLE diseases, GREY literature, BIRTH weight
Abstract

Low birthweight (LBW) is when an infant is born too soon or too small, and it affects one in seven infants in low- and middle-income countries. LBW has a significant impact on short-term morbidity and mortality, and it impairs long-term health and human capital. Antenatal microbial and inflammatory exposure may contribute to LBW. Ovid-Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for English-language articles evaluating inflammatory, microbial or infective causes of LBW, small-for-gestational age, intra-uterine growth restriction or prematurity. Inclusion criteria were human studies including published data; conference abstracts and grey literature were excluded. A narrative synthesis of the literature was conducted. Local infections may drive the underlying causes of LBW: for example, vaginitis and placental infection are associated with a greater risk of prematurity. Distal infection and inflammatory pathways are also associated with LBW, with an association between periodontitis and preterm delivery and environmental enteric dysfunction and reduced intra-uterine growth. Systemic maternal infections such as malaria and HIV are associated with LBW, even when infants are exposed to HIV but not infected. This latter association may be driven by chronic inflammation, co-infections and socio-economic confounders. Antimicrobial prophylaxis against other bacteria in pregnancy has shown minimal impact in most trials, though positive effects on birthweight have been found in some settings with a high infectious disease burden. Maternal inflammatory and infective processes underlie LBW, and provide treatable pathways for interventions. However, an improved understanding of the mechanisms and pathways underlying LBW is needed, given the impact of LBW on life-course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. Early child development in children who are HIV-exposed uninfected compared to children who are HIV-unexposed: observational sub-study of a cluster-randomized trial in rural Zimbabwe

Author

Ntozini, Robert, Chandna, Jaya, Evans, Ceri, Chasekwa, Bernard, Majo, Florence D., Kandawasvika, Gwendoline, Tavengwa, Naume V., Mutasa, Batsirai, Mutasa, Kuda, Moulton, Lawrence H., Humphrey, Jean H., Gladstone, Melissa J., and Prendergast, Andrew J.

Subjects
Clinical trials -- Research -- Comparative analysis, Infants -- Comparative analysis -- Research, HIV -- Research, Sanitation -- Research -- Comparative analysis, Pregnant women -- Research -- Comparative analysis, Health
Abstract

Introduction: Exposure to maternal HIV may affect early child development (ECD), although previous studies have reported heterogeneous findings. We evaluated ECD among children who were HIV-exposed uninfected (CHEU) and children who were HIV-unexposed (CHU) recruited to the SHINE trial in rural Zimbabwe. Methods: SHINE was a community-based cluster-randomized trial of improved infant feeding and/or improved water, sanitation and hygiene. Pregnant women were enrolled between 2012 and 2015. We assessed ECD in a sub-study at 24 months of age, between 2016 and 2017, using the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool (MDAT; assessing motor, cognitive, language and social development); MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) (assessing vocabulary and grammar); A-not-B test (assessing object permanence); and a self-control task. Mothers and infants were tested longitudinally for HIV. We used generalized estimating equations to compare ECD scores between CHEU and CHU, accounting for the cluster-randomized design. Primary results were adjusted for trial-related factors that could affect measurement reliability of ECD: study nurse, age of child, calendar month of birth, sex and randomized arm. Results: A total of 205 CHEU and 1175 CHU were evaluated. Mean total MDAT score was 90.6 (SD 8.7) in CHEU compared to 92.4 (9.1) in CHU (adjusted mean difference -1.3, 95% CI: -2.3, -0.3), driven mostly by differences in gross motor (-0.5, 95% CI: -0.9, -0.2) and language scores (-0.6, 95% CI: -1.1, -0.1). There was evidence that fine motor scores were lower in CHEU (adjusted mean difference -0.4, 95% CI: -0.8, 0.0) but no evidence of a difference in social scores (0.1, 95% CI: -0.2, 0.4). Mean MacArthur-Bates CDI vocabulary score was 57.9 (SD 19.2) in CHEU compared to 61.3 (18.8) in CHU (adjusted mean difference -2.9 words, 95% CI: -5.7, -0.1). Object permanence and self-control scores were similar between groups. Conclusions: CHEU in rural Zimbabwe had total child development and vocabulary scores that were approximately 0.15 standard deviations lower than CHU at two years of age. More detailed and specific studies are now needed to unravel the reasons for developmental delay in CHEU and the likelihood that these delays persist in the longer term. Keywords: child development; language; motor; self-control; HIV-exposed uninfected; Zimbabwe, 1 | INTRODUCTION The increasing coverage of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions in sub-Saharan Africa has dramatically reduced the number of children with HIV infection. However, this success has [...]

Published
2020
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40. Independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and improved complementary feeding, on stunting and anaemia among HIV-exposed children in rural Zimbabwe: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Prendergast, Andrew J, Chasekwa, Bernard, Evans, Ceri, Mutasa, Kuda, Mbuya, Mduduzi N N, Stoltzfus, Rebecca J, Smith, Laura E, Majo, Florence D, Tavengwa, Naume V, Mutasa, Batsirai, Mangwadu, Goldberg T, Chasokela, Cynthia M, Chigumira, Ancikaria, Moulton, Lawrence H, Ntozini, Robert, and Humphrey, Jean H

Published
2019
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44. The double burden of malnutrition in individuals: Identifying key challenges and re‐thinking research focus.

Author

Kiosia, Agklinta, Dagbasi, Aygul, Berkley, James A., Wilding, John P. H., Prendergast, Andrew J., Li, Jia V., Swann, Jon, Mathers, John C., Kerac, Marko, Morrison, Douglas, Drake, Lesley, Briend, Andre, Maitland, Kathryn, and Frost, Gary

Subjects
POLICY sciences, MIDDLE-income countries, MALNUTRITION, SOCIAL determinants of health, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, GUT microbiome, DIETARY fiber, FOOD habits, PUBLIC health, FOOD supply, METABOLOMICS, OBESITY, DIET, LOW-income countries, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS, DIET therapy, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

The 'double burden of malnutrition' is a global health challenge that increasingly affects populations in both low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). This phenomenon refers to the coexistence of undernutrition and overweight or obesity, as well as other diet‐related non‐communicable diseases, in the same population, household or even individual. While noteworthy progress has been made in reducing undernutrition in some parts of the world, in many of these areas, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing, particularly in urban areas, resulting in greater numbers of people who were undernourished in childhood and have overweight or obesity in adulthood. This creates a complex and challenging situation for research experts and policymakers who must simultaneously address the public health burdens of undernutrition and overweight/obesity. This review identifies key challenges and limitations in the current research on the double burden of malnutrition in individuals, including the need for a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the drivers of malnutrition, the importance of context‐specific interventions and the need for greater attention to the food environment and food systems. We advocate for the re‐evaluation of research strategies and focus, with a greater emphasis on multidisciplinary and systems approaches and greater attention to the synergistic relationship between the biological, environmental, commercial and socio‐economic determinants of malnutrition. Addressing these key challenges can enable us to better comprehend and tackle the multifaceted and dynamic issues of the double burden of malnutrition, particularly in individuals and work towards more effective and sustainable solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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45. Independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and improved complementary feeding, on child stunting and anaemia in rural Zimbabwe: a cluster-randomised trial

Author

Humphrey, Jean H, Jones, Andrew D, Manges, Amee, Mangwadu, Goldberg, Maluccio, John A, Mbuya, Mduduzi N N, Moulton, Lawrence H, Ntozini, Robert, Prendergast, Andrew J, Stoltzfus, Rebecca J, Tielsch, James M, Chasokela, Cynthia, Chigumira, Ancikaria, Heylar, William, Hwena, Preston, Kembo, George, Majo, Florence D, Mutasa, Batsirai, Mutasa, Kuda, Rambanepasi, Philippa, Sauramba, Virginia, Tavengwa, Naume V, Van Der Keilen, Franne, Zambezi, Chipo, Chidhanguro, Dzivaidzo, Chigodora, Dorcas, Chipanga, Joseph F, Gerema, Grace, Magara, Tawanda, Mandava, Mandava, Mavhudzi, Tafadzwa, Mazhanga, Clever, Muzaradope, Grace, Mwapaura, Marian T, Phiri, Simon, Tengende, Alice, Banda, Cynthia, Chasekwa, Bernard, Chidamba, Leah, Chidawanyika, Theodore, Chikwindi, Elisha, Chingaona, Lovemore K, Chiorera, Courage K, Dandadzi, Adlight, Govha, Margaret, Gumbo, Hlanai, Gwanzura, Karen T, Kasaru, Sarudzai, Makasi, Rachel, Matsika, Alois M, Maunze, Diana, Mazarura, Exevia, Mpofu, Eddington, Mushonga, Johnson, Mushore, Tafadzwa E, Muzira, Tracey, Nembaware, Netsai, Nkiwane, Sibongile, Nyamwino, Penias, Rukobo, Sandra D, Runodamoto, Thompson, Seremwe, Shepherd, Simango, Pururudzai, Tome, Joice, Tsenesa, Blessing, Amadu, Umali, Bangira, Beauty, Chiveza, Daniel, Hove, Priscilla, Jombe, Horaiti A, Kujenga, Didymus, Madhuyu, Lenin, Makoni, Prince M, Maramba, Naume, Maregere, Betty, Marumani, Ellen, Masakadze, Elisha, Mazula, Phathisiwe, Munyanyi, Caroline, Musanhu, Grace, Mushanawani, Raymond C, Mutsando, Sibongile, Nazare, Felicia, Nyarambi, Moses, Nzuda, Wellington, Sigauke, Trylife, Solomon, Monica, Tavengwa, Tendai, Biri, Farisai, Chafanza, Misheck, Chaitezvi, Cloud, Chauke, Tsundukani, Chidzomba, Collen, Dadirai, Tawanda, Fundira, Clemence, Gambiza, Athanasios C, Godzongere, Tatenda, Kuona, Maria, Mafuratidze, Tariro, Mapurisa, Idah, Mashedze, Tsitsi, Moyo, Nokuthula, Musariri, Charles, Mushambadope, Matambudzo, Mutsonziwa, Tawanda R, Muzondo, Augustine, Mwareka, Rudo, Nyamupfukudza, Juleika, Saidi, Baven, Sakuhwehwe, Tambudzai, Sikalima, Gerald, Tembe, Jenneth, Chekera, Tapiwanashe E, Chihombe, Owen, Chikombingo, Muchaneta, Chirinda, Tichaona, Chivizhe, Admire, Hove, Ratidzai, Kufa, Rudo, Machikopa, Tatenda F, Mandaza, Wilbert, Mandongwe, Liberty, Manhiyo, Farirai, Manyaga, Emmanuel, Mapuranga, Peter, Matimba, Farai S, Matonhodze, Patience, Mhuri, Sarah, Mike, Joice, Ncube, Bekezela, Nderecha, Walter T S, Noah, Munyaradzi, Nyamadzawo, Charles, Penda, Jonathan, Saidi, Asinje, Shonhayi, Sarudzai, Simon, Clemence, Tichagwa, Monica, Chamakono, Rachael, Chauke, Annie, Gatsi, Andrew F, Hwena, Blessing, Jawi, Hillary, Kaisa, Benjamin, Kamutanho, Sithembile, Kaswa, Tapiwa, Kayeruza, Paradhi, Lunga, Juliet, Magogo, Nomatter, Manyeruke, Daniel, Mazani, Patricia, Mhuriyengwe, Fungai, Mlambo, Farisai, Moyo, Stephen, Mpofu, Tawanda, Mugava, Mishelle, Mukungwa, Yvonne, Muroyiwa, Fungai, Mushonga, Eddington, Nyekete, Selestino, Rinashe, Tendai, Sibanda, Kundai, Chemhuru, Milton, Chikunya, Jeffrey, Chikwavaire, Vimbai F, Chikwiriro, Charity, Chimusoro, Anderson, Chinyama, Jotam, Gwinji, Gerald, Hoko-Sibanda, Nokuthula, Kandawasvika, Rutendo, Madzimure, Tendai, Maponga, Brian, Mapuranga, Antonella, Marembo, Joana, Matsunge, Luckmore, Maunga, Simbarashe, Muchekeza, Mary, Muti, Monica, Nyamana, Marvin, Azhuda, Efa, Bhoroma, Urayai, Biriyadi, Ailleen, Chafota, Elizabeth, Chakwizira, Angelline, Chamhamiwa, Agness, Champion, Tavengwa, Chazuza, Stella, Chikwira, Beauty, Chingozho, Chengeto, Chitabwa, Abigail, Dhurumba, Annamary, Furidzirai, Albert, Gandanga, Andrew, Gukuta, Chipo, Macheche, Beauty, Marihwi, Bongani, Masike, Barbara, Mutangandura, Eunice, Mutodza, Beatrice, Mutsindikwa, Angeline, Mwale, Alice, Ndhlovu, Rebecca, Nduna, Norah, Nyamandi, Cathrine, Ruvata, Elias, Sithole, Babra, Urayai, Rofina, Vengesa, Bigboy, Zorounye, Micheal, Bamule, Memory, Bande, Michael, Chahuruva, Kumbirai, Chidumba, Lilian, Chigove, Zvisinei, Chiguri, Kefas, Chikuni, Susan, Chikwanda, Ruvarashe, Chimbi, Tarisai, Chingozho, Micheal, Chinhamo, Olinia, Chinokuramba, Regina, Chinyoka, Chiratidzo, Chipenzi, Xaviour, Chipute, Raviro, Chiribhani, Godfrey, Chitsinga, Mary, Chiwanga, Charles, Chiza, Anamaria, Chombe, Faith, Denhere, Memory, Dhamba, Ephania, Dhamba, Miriam, Dube, Joyas, Dzimbanhete, Florence, Dzingai, Godfrey, Fusira, Sikhutele, Gonese, Major, Gota, Johnson, Gumure, Kresencia, Gwaidza, Phinias, Gwangwava, Margret, Gwara, Winnet, Gwauya, Melania, Gwiba, Maidei, Hamauswa, Joyce, Hlasera, Sarah, Hlukani, Eustina, Hotera, Joseph, Jakwa, Lovemore, Jangara, Gilbert, Janyure, Micheal, Jari, Christopher, Juru, Duvai, Kapuma, Tabeth, Konzai, Paschalina, Mabhodha, Moly, Maburutse, Susan, Macheka, Chipo, Machigaya, Tawanda, Machingauta, Florence, Machokoto, Eucaria, Madhumba, Evelyn, Madziise, Learnard, Madziva, Clipps, Madzivire, Mavis, Mafukise, Mistake, Maganga, Marceline, Maganga, Senzeni, Mageja, Emmanuel, Mahanya, Miriam, Mahaso, Evelyn, Mahleka, Sanelisiwe, Makanhiwa, Pauline, Makarudze, Mavis, Makeche, Constant, Makopa, Nickson, Makumbe, Ranganai, Mandire, Mascline, Mandiyanike, Eunice, Mangena, Eunice, Mangiro, Farai, Mangwadu, Alice, Mangwengwe, Tambudzai, Manhidza, Juliet, Manhovo, Farai, Manono, Irene, Mapako, Shylet, Mapfumo, Evangelista, Mapfumo, Timothy, Mapuka, Jane, Masama, Douglas, Masenge, Getrude, Mashasha, Margreth, Mashivire, Veronica, Matunhu, Moses, Mavhoro, Pazvichaenda, Mawuka, Godfrey, Mazango, Ireen, Mazhata, Netsai, Mazuva, David, Mazuva, Mary, Mbinda, Filomina, Mborera, John, Mfiri, Upenyu, Mhandu, Florence, Mhike, Chrispen, Mhike, Tambudzai, Mhuka, Artwell, Midzi, Judith, Moyo, Siqondeni, Mpundu, Michael, Msekiwa, Nicholas, Msindo, Dominic, Mtisi, Choice, Muchemwa, Gladys, Mujere, Nyadziso, Mukaro, Ellison, Muketiwa, Kilvera, Mungoi, Silvia, Munzava, Esline, Muoki, Rosewita, Mupura, Harugumi, Murerwa, Evelyn, Murisi, Clarieta, Muroyiwa, Letwin, Muruvi, Musara, Musemwa, Nelson, Mushure, Christina, Mutero, Judith, Mutero, Philipa, Mutumbu, Patrick, Mutya, Cleopatra, Muzanango, Lucia, Muzembi, Martin, Muzungunye, Dorcus, Mwazha, Valeliah, Ncube, Thembeni, Ndava, Takunda, Ndlovu, Nomvuyo, Nehowa, Pauline, Ngara, Dorothy, Nguruve, Leonard, Nhigo, Petronella, Nkiwane, Samukeliso, Nyanyai, Luckson, Nzombe, Judith, Office, Evelyn, Paul, Beatrice, Pavari, Shambadzirai, Ranganai, Sylvia, Ratisai, Stella, Rugara, Martha, Rusere, Peter, Sakala, Joyce, Sango, Prosper, Shava, Sibancengani, Shekede, Margaret, Shizha, Cornellious, Sibanda, Tedla, Tapambwa, Neria, Tembo, John, Tinago, Netsai, Tinago, Violet, Toindepi, Theresa, Tovigepi, John, Tuhwe, Modesta, Tumbo, Kundai, Zaranyika, Tinashe, Zaru, Tongai, Zimidzi, Kamurayi, Zindo, Matilda, Zindonda, Maria, Zinhumwe, Nyaradzai, Zishiri, Loveness, Ziyambi, Emerly, Zvinowanda, James, Bepete, Ekenia, Chiwira, Christine, Chuma, Naume, Fari, Abiegirl, Gavi, Samson, Gunha, Violet, Hakunandava, Fadzai, Huku, Constance, Hungwe, Given, Maduke, Grace, Manyewe, Elliot, Mapfumo, Tecla, Marufu, Innocent, Mashiri, Chenesai, Mazenge, Shellie, Mbinda, Euphrasia, Mhuri, Abigail, Muguti, Charity, Munemo, Lucy, Musindo, Loveness, Ngada, Laina, Nyembe, Dambudzo, Taruvinga, Rachel, Tobaiwa, Emma, Banda, Selina, Chaipa, Jesca, Chakaza, Patricia, Chandigere, Macdonald, Changunduma, Annie, Chibi, Chenesai, Chidyagwai, Otilia, Chidza, Elika, Chigatse, Nora, Chikoto, Lennard, Chingware, Vongai, Chinhamo, Jaison, Chinhoro, Marko, Chiripamberi, Answer, Chitavati, Esther, Chitiga, Rita, Chivanga, Nancy, Chivese, Tracy, Chizema, Flora, Dera, Sinikiwe, Dhliwayo, Annacolleta, Dhononga, Pauline, Dimingo, Ennia, Dziyani, Memory, Fambi, Tecla, Gambagamba, Lylian, Gandiyari, Sikangela, Gomo, Charity, Gore, Sarah, Gundani, Jullin, Gundani, Rosemary, Gwarima, Lazarus, Gwaringa, Cathrine, Gwenya, Samuel, Hamilton, Rebecca, Hlabano, Agnes, Hofisi, Ennie, Hofisi, Florence, Hungwe, Stanley, Hwacha, Sharai, Hwara, Aquiiline, Jogwe, Ruth, Kanikani, Atanus, Kuchicha, Lydia, Kutsira, Mitshel, Kuziyamisa, Kumbulani, Kuziyamisa, Mercy, Kwangware, Benjamin, Lozani, Portia, Mabuto, Joseph, Mabuto, Vimbai, Mabvurwa, Loveness, Machacha, Rebecca, Machaya, Cresenzia, Madembo, Roswitha, Madya, Susan, Madzingira, Sheneterai, Mafa, Lloyd, Mafuta, Fungai, Mafuta, Jane, Mahara, Alfred, Mahonye, Sarudzai, Maisva, Admire, Makara, Admire, Makover, Margreth, Mambongo, Ennie, Mambure, Murenga, Mandizvidza, Edith, Mangena, Gladys, Manjengwa, Elliot, Manomano, Julius, Mapfumo, Maria, Mapfurire, Alice, Maphosa, Letwin, Mapundo, Jester, Mare, Dorcas, Marecha, Farai, Marecha, Selina, Mashiri, Christine, Masiya, Medina, Masuku, Thembinkosi, Masvimbo, Priviledge, Matambo, Saliwe, Matarise, Getrude, Matinanga, Loveness, Matizanadzo, John, Maunganidze, Margret, Mawere, Belinda, Mawire, Chipiwa, Mazvanya, Yulliana, Mbasera, Maudy, Mbono, Magret, Mhakayakora, Cynthia, Mhlanga, Nompumelelo, Mhosva, Bester, Moyo, Nomuhle, Moyo, Over, Moyo, Robert, Mpakami, Charity, Mpedzisi, Rudo, Mpofu, Elizabeth, Mpofu, Estery, Mtetwa, Mavis, Muchakachi, Juliet, Mudadada, Tsitsi, Mudzingwa, Kudakwashe, Mugwira, Mejury, Mukarati, Tarsisio, Munana, Anna, Munazo, Juliet, Munyeki, Otilia, Mupfeka, Patience, Murangandi, Gashirai, Muranganwa, Maria, Murenjekwa, Josphine, Muringo, Nothando, Mushaninga, Tichafara, Mutaja, Florence, Mutanha, Dorah, Mutemeri, Peregia, Mutero, Beauty, Muteya, Edina, Muvembi, Sophia, Muzenda, Tandiwe, Mwenjota, Agnes, Ncube, Sithembisiwe, Ndabambi, Tendai, Ndava, Nomsa, Ndlovu, Elija, Nene, Eveln, Ngazimbi, Enniah, Ngwalati, Atalia, Nyama, Tafirenyika, Nzembe, Agnes, Pabwaungana, Eunica, Phiri, Sekai, Pukuta, Ruwiza, Rambanapasi, Melody, Rera, Tambudzai, Samanga, Violet, Shirichena, Sinanzeni, Shoko, Chipiwa, Shonhe, More, Shuro, Cathrine, Sibanda, Juliah, Sibangani, Edna, Sibangani, Nikisi, Sibindi, Norman, Sitotombe, Mercy, Siwawa, Pearson, Tagwirei, Magret, Taruvinga, Pretty, Tavagwisa, Antony, Tete, Esther, Tete, Yeukai, Thandiwe, Elliot, Tibugari, Amonilla, Timothy, Stella, Tongogara, Rumbidzai, Tshuma, Lancy, Tsikira, Mirirayi, Tumba, Constance, Watinaye, Rumbidzayi, Zhiradzango, Ethel, Zimunya, Esther, Zinengwa, Leanmary, Ziupfu, Magret, Ziyambe, Job, Church, James A, Desai, Amy, Fundira, Dadirai, Gough, Ethan, Kambarami, Rukundo A, Matare, Cynthia R, Malaba, Thokozile R, Mupfudze, Tatenda, Ngure, Francis, Smith, Laura E, Curtis, Val, Dickin, Katherine L, Habicht, Jean-Pierre, Masimirembwa, Collen, Morgan, Peter, Pelto, Gretel H, Sheffner-Rogers, Corinne, Thelingwani, Roslyn, Turner, Paul, Zungu, Lindiwe, Makadzange, Tariro, Mujuru, Hilda A, Nyachowe, Chandiwana, Chakadai, Rugare, Chanyau, Gabriel, Makamure, Mary G, Chiwariro, Humphrey, Mtetwa, Tambudzai, Maguwu, Lisbern, Nyadundu, Simon, Moyo, Tshebukani, Chayima, Beauty, Mvindi, Lucy, Rwenhamo, Pauline, Muzvarwandoga, Shamiso, Chimukangara, Rumbidzai, Njovo, Handrea, Makoni, Talent, Majo, Florence, Chasokela, Cynthia M, and Manges, Amee R

Published
2019
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46. Causes and Timing of Mortality and Morbidity Among Late Presenters Starting Antiretroviral Therapy in the REALITY Trial

Author

Reduction of EArly mortaLITY in HIV-infected adults and children starting antiretroviral therapy (REALITY) Trial Team, Post, Frank A., Szubert, Alexander J., Prendergast, Andrew J., Johnston, Victoria, Lyall, Hermione, Fitzgerald, Felicity, Musiime, Victor, Musoro, Godfrey, Chepkorir, Priscilla, Agutu, Clara, Mallewa, Jane, Rajapakse, Chathurika, Wilkes, Helen, Hakim, James, Mugyenyi, Peter, Walker, A. Sarah, Gibb, Diana M., and Pett, Sarah L.

Published
2018

49. Effect of ready-to-use supplementary food on mortality in severely immunocompromised HIV-infected individuals in Africa initiating antiretroviral therapy (REALITY): an open-label, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial

Author

Mugyenyi, Peter, Kityo, Cissy, Musiime, Victor, Wavamunno, Priscilla, Nambi, Esther, Ocitti, Paul, Ndigendawani, Milly, Kabahenda, Sheila, Kemigisa, Mable, Acen, Juliet, Olebo, David Francis, Mpamize, Gordon, Amone, Alex, Okweny, David, Mbonye, Andrew, Nambaziira, Florence, Rweyora, Angela, Kangah, Mary, Kabaswahili, Beatrice, Abach, James, Abongomera, George, Omongin, Joseph, Aciro, Irene, Philliam, Aleti, Arach, Beatrice, Ocung, Emmanuel, Amone, Geoffrey, Miles, Peter, Adong, Claudia, Tumsuiime, Constance, Kidega, Patrick, Otto, Ben, Apio, Florence, Baleeta, Keith, Mukuye, Andrew, Abwola, Mary, Ssennono, Fred, Baliruno, David, Tuhirwe, Stephen, Namisi, Ronald, Kigongo, Fredrick, Kikyonkyo, Dickson, Mushahara, Furaha, Tusiime, Julian, Musiime, Alex, Nankya, Agnes, Atwongyeire, Dickens, Sirikye, Sowal, Myalo, Sula, Noowe, Nelson, Lugemwa, Abbas, Kasozi, Mariam, Mwebe, Sandra, Atwine, Lorna, Senkindu, Tapson, Natuhurira, Ian, Katemba, Chrispus, Ninsiima, Emily, Acaku, Moses, Kyomuhangi, Joy, Ankunda, Rogers, Tukwasibwe, Deogratious, Ayesiga, Lillian, Hakim, James, Nathoo, Kusum, Bwakura-Dangarembizi, Mutsa, Reid, Andrew, Chidziva, Ennie, Mhute, Tawand, Tinago, Gloria, Bhiri, Joyline, Mudzingwa, Shepherd, Phiri, Misheck, Steamer, John, Nhema, Ruth, Warambwa, Colin, Musoro, Godfrey, Mutsai, Shirley, Nemasango, Beauty, Moyo, Columbus, Chitongo, Stuart, Rashirai, Kennias, Vhembo, Sydney, Mlambo, Brian, Nkomani, Sanele, Ndemera, Buxton, Willard, Marko, Berejena, Chipo, Musodza, Yeukai, Matiza, Patience, Mudenge, Boniface, Guti, Vongai, Etyang, Anthony, Agutu, Clara, Berkley, Jay, Maitland, Kathryn, Njuguna, Patricia, Mwaringa, Shalton, Etyang, Timothy, Awuondo, Ken, Wale, Stephen, Shangala, Jimmy, Kithunga, Jefwa, Mwarumba, Salim, Said Maitha, Salma, Mutai, Robert, Lozi Lewa, Margaret, Mwambingu, Gabriel, Mwanzu, Alfred, Kalama, Connie, Latham, Helen, Shikuku, Joyce, Fondo, Amos, Njogu, Anne, Khadenge, Connie, Mwakisha, Bryan, Siika, Abraham, Wools-Kaloustian, Kara, Nyandiko, Winston, Chepkorir-Cheruiyot, Priscilla, Sudoi, Allan, Wachira, Simon, Meli, Betty, Karoney, Mercy, Nzioka, Agnes, Tanui, Michael, Mokaya, Martha, Ekiru, Wilson, Mboya, Chris, Mwimali, Dorothy, Mengich, Cecilia, Choge, Julie, Injera, Wilfred, Njenga, Kennedy, Cherutich, Salinah, Anyango Orido, Millicent, Omondi Lwande, Gerald, Rutto, Peter, Mudogo, Alice, Kutto, Irene, Shali, Amina, Jaika, Linda, Jerotich, Hellen, Pierre, Mowlem, Mallewa, Jane, Kaunda, Symon, Van Oosterhout, Joep, O'Hare, Bernadette, Heydermann, Robert, Gonzalez, Carmen, Dzabala, Nettie, Kelly, Christine, Denis, Brigitte, Selemani, George, Nyondo- Mipando, Linda, Chirwa, Emmie, Banda, Peter, Mvula, Linley, Msuku, Harrison, Ziwoya, Milton, Manda, Yollam, Nicholas, Simon, Masesa, Clemens, Mwalukomo, Thandi, Makhaza, Lumbani, Sheha, Irene, Bwanali, Joseph, Limbuni, Molly, Gibb, Diana M, Thomason, Margaret J, Walker, Ann Sarah, Pett, Sarah L, Szubert, Alexander J, Griffiths, Anna, Wilkes, Helen, Rajapakse, Chathurika, Spyer, Moira J, Prendergast, Andrew J, Klein, Nigel, Rauchenberger, Mary, Van Looy, Nadine, Little, Emma, Fairbrother, Keith, Cowan, Frances, Seeley, Janet, Bernays, Sarah, Kawuma, Rachel, Mupambireyi, Zivai, Chepkorir, Priscilla, Melly, Betty, Walker, A Sarah, and Berkley, James A

Published
2018
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