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1. Interplay of Donor–Recipient Relationship and Donor Race in Living Liver Donation in the United States.

Author

Al‐Seraji, Abdula, Adeyemo, Simeon, Gurakar, Ahmet, Shah, Riya, Bunnapradist, Suphamai, Lentine, Krista L., Redfield, Robert R., Gurakar, Merve, Amin, Alpesh N., Muzaale, Abimereki D., Humar, Abhinav, Al Ammary, Fawaz, and Alqahtani, Saleh A.

Abstract

Introduction: Living liver donation improves survival of end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) patients. Yet, it continues to represent a small proportion of United States (U.S.) liver transplantation with existing racial disparities. We investigated the interplay of donor–recipient relationship and donor race to understand donor subgroups with no significant increase. Methods: We studied 4407 living liver donors in the U.S. from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022 (median age = 36 years, and 59% were biologically related to the recipient). We quantified the change in the number of donors per 3‐year increment using negative binomial regression (incidence rate ratio [IRR]), stratified by donor–recipient relationship and race/ethnicity. Results: Among biologically related donors, the observed annual number of White donors increased from 146 to 253, Hispanic donors from 18 to 53, and Black donors decreased from 11 to 10. Among unrelated donors, White donors increased from 65 to 221, Hispanic donors from 4 to 25, and Black donors from 3 to 11. For the IRR of biologically related donors aged <40 and ≥40 years, White donors increased by 18% and 22%; Hispanic donors increased by 25% and 54%; and Black donors did not change. Likewise, the IRR of unrelated donors aged <40 and ≥40 years, White donors increased by 48% and 55%; Hispanic donors increased by 52% and 65%; and Black donors did not change. Conclusions: While biologically related donors represent the majority of donors, unrelated donors have substantially risen in recent years, primarily driven by White donors. Although the rate of unrelated donations increased among Hispanic donors, the absolute number remains very small (≤25 donors/year). Interventions are needed to increase education among Hispanic and Black communities to grow unrelated living liver donations across race/ethnicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. First World Consensus Conference on pancreas transplantation: Part II – recommendations

Author

Boggi, Ugo, Vistoli, Fabio, Andres, Axel, Arbogast, Helmut P., Badet, Lionel, Baronti, Walter, Bartlett, Stephen T., Benedetti, Enrico, Branchereau, Julien, Burke, George W., 3rd, Buron, Fanny, Caldara, Rossana, Cardillo, Massimo, Casanova, Daniel, Cipriani, Federica, Cooper, Matthew, Cupisti, Adamasco, Davide, Josè, Drachenberg, Cinthia, de Koning, Eelco J.P., Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria, Fernandez Cruz, Laureano, Fridell, Jonathan A., Friend, Peter J., Furian, Lucrezia, Gaber, Osama A., Gruessner, Angelika C., Gruessner, Rainer W.G., Gunton, Jenny E., Han, Duck-Jong, Iacopi, Sara, Kauffmann, Emanuele Federico, Kaufman, Dixon, Kenmochi, Takashi, Khambalia, Hussein A., Lai, Quirino, Langer, Robert M., Maffi, Paola, Marselli, Lorella, Menichetti, Francesco, Miccoli, Mario, Mittal, Shruti, Morelon, Emmanuel, Napoli, Niccolò, Neri, Flavia, Oberholzer, Jose, Odorico, Jon S., Öllinger, Robert, Oniscu, Gabriel, Orlando, Giuseppe, Ortenzi, Monica, Perosa, Marcelo, Perrone, Vittorio Grazio, Pleass, Henry, Redfield, Robert R., Ricci, Claudio, Rigotti, Paolo, Paul Robertson, R., Ross, Lainie F., Rossi, Massimo, Saudek, Frantisek, Scalea, Joseph R., Schenker, Peter, Secchi, Antonio, Socci, Carlo, Sousa Silva, Donzilia, Squifflet, Jean Paul, Stock, Peter G., Stratta, Robert J., Terrenzio, Chiara, Uva, Pablo, Watson, Christopher J.E., White, Steven A., Marchetti, Piero, Kandaswamy, Raja, and Berney, Thierry

Published
2021
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5. Retrospective assessment of medication patterns among candidates evaluated for living kidney donation.

Author

Dickinson, Drew T., Nguyen, Linh, Liu, Xinqi, Castro, Gianna, Cherry, Morgan, Dadabaev, Fadel, Rodriguez, Hercys Sanchez, Malat, Gregory E., Forte, Abigail, Dunn, Ty B., Redfield, Robert R., Leonberg‐Yoo, Amanda, and Trofe‐Clark, Jennifer

Subjects
MEDICATION reconciliation, ANTI-inflammatory agents, DIETARY supplements, DRUGS, KIDNEYS, KIDNEY transplantation
Abstract

Introduction: Medication use in living kidney donor (LKD) candidates may have important implications for evaluation and donation care. We sought to characterize LKD candidate medication use through medication histories conducted at nephrologist evaluation and transplant pharmacist preoperative visits. Methods: This retrospective single‐center cohort study included adult LKD candidates evaluated for donation between October 1, 2019 and October 1, 2021. Scheduled and as‐needed medications for each candidate were abstracted from pre‐donation medication histories collected at the evaluation visit with the nephrologist and the preoperative visit with the transplant pharmacist, if approved for donation. Medication histories from each visit were compared with each other and evaluated by therapeutic class frequency. Results: Among 213 LKD candidates (112 approved for donation and 101 declined for donation), 198 (93.0%) candidates were taking at least one prescription medication, over‐the‐counter agent, or dietary supplement. Antidepressants and antihypertensives were the most common prescription agents used among candidates, with antihypertensives more common among declined donors (20.8% vs. 10.7%, p = 0.042). Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs were more commonly identified at the evaluation visit of approved candidates compared to the preoperative visit (29.5% vs. 0.9%, p < 0.001) and dietary supplements were more commonly identified at the preoperative visit compared to the evaluation visit (49.1% vs. 59.8%, p = 0.023). Conclusions: The frequency of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs decreased greatly between the evaluation and preoperative visit, likely reflective of discontinuation pre‐donation. Characterizing medication use among candidates evaluated for LKD donation may assist donor programs with developing more targeted patient medication education. Nearly all LKD candidates were taking a medication or dietary supplement pre‐donation. Transplant pharmacists are uniquely positioned to perform medication reconciliations and can also offer guidance to other team providers on best practices for this process. A better understanding of medication patterns in this population may also aid with further developing care guidelines for LKD evaluation and pre‐/postoperative LKD care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic activity of obinutuzumab, a type 2 anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody for the desensitization of candidates for renal transplant

Author

Redfield, Robert R., Jordan, Stanley C., Busque, Stephan, Vincenti, Flavio, Woodle, E. Steve, Desai, Niraj, Reed, Elaine F., Tremblay, Simon, Zachary, Andrea A., Vo, Ashley A., Formica, Richard, Schindler, Thomas, Tran, Ha, Looney, Caroline, Jamois, Candice, Green, Cherie, Morimoto, Alyssa, Rajwanshi, Richa, Schroeder, Aaron, Cascino, Matthew D., Brunetta, Paul, and Borie, Dominic

Published
2019
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15. Social network interventions to reduce race disparities in living kidney donation: Design and rationale of the friends and family of kidney transplant patients study (FFKTPS).

Author

Daw, Jonathan, Verdery, Ashton M., Ortiz, Selena E., Reed, Rhiannon Deierhoi, Locke, Jayme E., Redfield, Robert R., Kloda, David, Liu, Michel, Mentch, Heather, Sawinski, Deirdre, Aguilar, Diego, Porter, Nathaniel D., Roberts, Mary K., McIntyre, Katie, and Reese, Peter P.

Subjects
SOCIAL networks, KIDNEY transplantation, RACE, KIDNEYS, MEDICAL screening
Abstract

Introduction: Racial/ethnic disparities in living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) are a persistent challenge. Although nearly all directed donations are from members of patients' social networks, little is known about which social network members take steps toward living kidney donation, which do not, and what mechanisms contribute to racial/ethnic LDKT disparities. Methods: We describe the design and rationale of the Friends and Family of Kidney Transplant Patients Study, a factorial experimental fielding two interventions designed to promote LKD discussions. Participants are kidney transplant candidates at two centers who are interviewed and delivered an intervention by trained center research coordinators. The search intervention advises patients on which social network members are most likely to be LKD contraindication‐free; the script intervention advises patients on how to initiate effective LKD discussions. Participants are randomized into four conditions: no intervention, search only, script only, or both search and script. Patients also complete a survey and optionally provide social network member contact information so they can be surveyed directly. This study will seek to enroll 200 transplant candidates. The primary outcome is LDKT receipt. Secondary outcomes include live donor screening and medical evaluations and outcomes. Tertiary outcomes include LDKT self‐efficacy, concerns, knowledge, and willingness, measured before and after the interventions. Conclusion: This study will assess the effectiveness of two interventions to promote LKD and ameliorate Black‐White disparities. It will also collect unprecedented information on transplant candidates' social network members, enabling future work to address network member structural barriers to LKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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16. Implementation of HIV Palliative Care: Interprofessional Education to Improve Patient Outcomes in Resource-Constrained Settings, 2004–2012

Author

Delva, Guesley, Edozien, Anthony, Hachaambwa, Lotte, Maro, Peter, Nwandu, Anthea, Nwizu, Chidi, Obiefune, Michael, Oni, Babatunji, Patel, Devang, Sheneberger, Robert, Baribwira, Cyprien, Kiromera, Athanase, Tepper, Vicki, Oyebola, Folaju Olusegun, Kaiza-Kangalawe, Angela, Anthony Loy, George, Enejoh, Victor, Nwene, Ejike, Stanis-Ezeobi, Winifred, Shimabale, Mope, Gashongore, Ignace, Etienne-Mesubi, Martine, Alexander, Carla S., Pappas, Gregory, Amoroso, Anthony, Lee, Mei Ching, Brown-Henley, Yvonne, Memiah, Peter, O'Neill, Joseph F., Dix, Olivia, and Redfield, Robert R.

Published
2015
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32. Antiviral Activity of Single-Dose PRO 140, a CCR5 Monoclonal Antibody, in HIV-Infected Adults

Author

Jacobson, Jeffrey M., Saag, Michael S., Thompson, Melanie A., Fischl, Margaret A., Liporace, Ralph, Reichman, Richard C., Redfield, Robert R., Fichtenbaum, Carl J., Zingman, Barry S., Patel, Mahesh C., Murga, Jose D., Pemrick, Suzanne M., D'Ambrosio, Paul, Michael, Marti, Kroger, Hans, Ly, Hieu, Rotshteyn, Yakov, Buice, Robert, Morris, Stephen A., Stavola, Joseph J., Maddon, Paul J., Kremer, Alton B., and Olson, William C.

Published
2008
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41. Efficacy Testing of Recombinant Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) gp160 as a Therapeutic Vaccine in Early-Stage HIV-1-Infected Volunteers

Author

rgp160 Phase II Vaccine Investigators, Birx, Deborah L., Loomis-Price, Lawrence D., Aronson, Naomi, Brundage, John, Davis, Charles, Deyton, Lawrence, Garner, Robin, Gordin, Fred, Henry, David, Holloway, William, Kerkering, Thomas, Luskin-Hawk, Roberta, McNeil, John, Michael, Nelson, Pierce, Phillip Foster, Poretz, Donald, Ratto-Kim, Silvia, Renzullo, Phil, Ruiz, Nancy, Sitz, Karl, Smith, Gale, Tacket, Carol, Thompson, Melanie, Tramont, Edmond, Yangco, Bienvenido, Yarrish, Robert, and Redfield, Robert R.

Published
2000

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