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Children are a unique patient population. Anesthesia for pediatric abdominal surgery has long been achieved mainly with intravenous amiodarone and propofol alone or combined with other anesthetics. The incidence of complications and postoperative adverse reactions is relatively high owing to the imperfect development of various protocols for children. Choosing the most appropriate anesthesia program is an important means of reducing adverse reactions.To explore the clinical value of propofol combined with lidocaine-assisted anesthesia in pediatric surgery.A total of 120 children who underwent abdominal surgery at our hospital from January 2016 to March 2018 were selected and divided into groups A and B using the random number table method, with 60 patients in each group. Group B received ketamine for anesthesia, while group A received ketamine, propofol, and lidocaine. The pre- and postoperative heart rate (HR); mean arterial pressure (MAP); arterial oxygen saturation (SpOThe HR, MAP, and SpOThe anesthetic effect of propofol combined with lidocaine and ketamine in pediatric surgery was better than that of ketamine alone, and had less influence on hemodynamics and pediatric stress response indices, lower incidence of restlessness in the recovery period, and lower incidence of adverse reactions.

Chrysin amino acid derivatives were synthesized to evaluate for their antiproliferative activities. Among them, N-(7-((5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)valeryl)-L-leucine (8c) displayed...

Protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit A, α (PPP2R1A) and β (PPP2R1B) are paralogous subunits of the heterotrimeric protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) holoenzyme that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of target substrate proteins. Subtype‑specific PPP2R1A mutations have been frequently observed in ovarian and endometrial cancer. Mutations in the paralogous genes were frequently observed in human malignancies. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the mutation frequencies of the paralogous PPP2R1A and PPP2R1B genes in patients with primary and secondary ovarian cancer. A total of 251 patients with primary (n=234) and secondary (n=17) ovarian cancer were analyzed for the presence of PPP2R1A and PPP2R1B mutations by direct sequencing. For PPP2R1A, a heterozygous, somatic mutation (c.771G>T, p.W257C) was identified in 1 out of 37 patients (2.7%) with primary ovarian endometrioid carcinoma. The mutant sample was that of a 46‑year‑old female, who was also diagnosed with ectopic endometriosis in the benign ovary. No PPP2R1A mutations were detected in the remaining 250 patients with ovarian cancer. For PPP2R1B, no mutations were detected in our samples. The results of this study suggested that PPP2R1A mutations are less common in Chinese patients with ovarian cancer when compared with European and American patients. Furthermore, our study also supported previous observations that PPP2R1B mutations were absent in ovarian cancer, suggesting that PPP2R1B mutations are not actively involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.

Flower-cluster-like hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres were synthesized through biomimetic method using Ca(NO3)2∙4H2O and (NH4)3PO4∙3H2O as reagents and N-Dodecyl-N, N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate(DDAPS) as template. With increasing the amount of DDAPS, the morphology of HA varies from irregular floccule-like to long-rod-like, then growth into flower cluster microspheres. The possible formation mechanism of morphology change is also discussed.

The effect of bath temperature on the morphologies, crystallographic structure and adhesive strength of TiO2 nanotube arrays fabricated by electrochemical anodization of titanium in dimethyl sulfoxide containing hydrofluoric acid electrolyte were studied in this paper. The results show that the crystalline anatase TiO2 nanotube arrays can be directly fabricated at the bath temperature above 50oC without further annealing. The crystallinity of anatase at the top of nanotubes is higher than that at the bottom of nanotubes. The bath temperature has obviously impact on the surface morphology of the titanium substrate underneath the nanotube arrays. The adhesive strength of TiO2 nanotube arrays increases with the rise of bath temperature increasing, and reaches 11.3 MPa when TiO2 nanotube arrays are fabricated at 60 oC.

Well-dispersed nanosized Tb3+ doped hydroxyapatite (Tb-HA) powder was synthesized by hydrothermal method using poly(diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride as template. The influence the doped amount of Tb3+ on the fluorescence performance of the samples were discussed. The results show that the hydroxyapatite become luminescent by the appropriate reaction conditions. The Tb3+ ions prefer to occupy the sites Ca(II) in hydroxyapatite crystal. With the increase of Tb3+ concentration, the luminescence intensity of Tb-HA reached a maximum at the content of 4 mol%.

TiO2 nanotube arrays were fabricated by anodic oxidation in electrolytes containing F- in this paper. To achieve local drug delivery, anodized titanium with nanotube layer structures were loaded with ibuprofen(IBU) using a vacuum drying method in which drug molecules were tiled on the anodized titanium to dry in vacuum drying oven. The morphology and phase of TiO2nanotube were characterized by means of FE-SEM, XRD, FIRT, respectively. Results indicated IBU were loaded on titania nanotube (220nm inner diameter and 7.3μm deep) layer successfully. But the IBU loading on anatase is more than on amorphism. And different phases with drug loading have the same release process, which was divided into quick release and stable release. Quick release processes about Anatase/IBU are fitted with different equations. We found that the experimental data fit the theoretical first-order curve the best. It suggested that the drug carrier had the properties of sustained release.

TiO2nanotube arrays possess regular hollow structure, large specific surface area and good biocompatibility, which are good for filling with drugs. In this paper, a vertically aligned nanotube arrays of titanium oxide was fabricated on the surface of titanium substrate in fluoride-containing electrolytes by anodization. The TiO2nanotube arrays were loaded with alendronate via vacuum drying method and the release of alendronate from the nanotubes were detected in phosphate buffer solution(PBS). The samples were characterized by scanning electronic microscope(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and visible ultraviolet spectrophotometer(UV-vis). The data showed that the release of alendronate from the nanotubes includes two stages: burst release and sustained release, the result indicated that the drug loaded in the TiO2nanotubes has a certain amounts of sustained-release effect.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan (HA/CS) composite were prepared through neutralization method. The results indicate that the way of adding phosphorous acid solution is a key factor to obtain pure HA product, and that prolonged stirring time only promote the entry of CO32- into the lattice of HA crystal. The addition of chitosan can overcome those factors which hamper the formation of pure HA particles, thus optimizing the whole reaction system.

The polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CS) scaffolds were prepared by the freeze-solvent extraction method using glacial acetic acid with little water as a common blend system. The effect of different solvents on the crystallinity, the morphology, the structure and the mechanical properties of the scaffolds was studied. The results indicate that alkaline solvent favors the deposition of CS, solvent extraction in the frozen condition perfects the crystal of PCL and improves the crystallinity of PCL/CS scaffolds, in the mean while, the compression property enhances. The porosity of PCL/CS reaches 81%, when immersed in water solvent.

In order to prepare densely packed hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating onto titanium substrate through electrophoretic deposition (EPD), it is highly desirable to produce stable HAp suspension. In this study, nano-HAp particles prepared by hydrothermal method were employed for EPD. The stability of HAp suspensions in various primary aliphatic alcohols (C1–C4) has been studied by measurement of sedimentation tests and electricity conductivity. Furthermore, to make a stable suspension, a dispersant [triethanolamine (TEA)] was added. Maximum stability is observed for the suspension containing n -butanol as the dispersion medium and TEA as the dispersant. The HAp coating deposited in this suspension was observed to be a crack-free and densely packed coating through scanning electron microscopy examination. The shear strength and nano-indention tests have confirmed the good adhesion between the coating and the substrate.

Hydroxyapatite (HA)/titania (TiO 2 ) composite coatings were successfully prepared in an electrolyte solution contain Ca 2+ and H 2 PO 4 − ions with added TiO 2 particles, between 100 °C and 200 °C in an autoclave through a hydrothermal–electrochemical codeposited method under galvanostatic conditions. The effect of TiO 2 additions on the phase composition, microstructure, thermal stability, corrosion behavior and the bonding strength of the HA/TiO 2 composite coatings were studied. The results show that the crystallinity of HA in HA/TiO 2 composite coatings increased continuously with the electrolyte temperature and became close to stoichiometric HA. The n (Ca)/ n (P) ratio for coatings prepared at 200 °C is about 1.67 in accordance with stoichiometric HA. TiO 2 particles were imbedded uniformly between HA crystals and the addition of TiO 2 reduced the HA crystallite size. After heating at 800 °C, HA in the HA/TiO 2 composite coating partially decomposes into β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) due to the incorporation of TiO 2 . After heating at 1200 °C, HA tended to react with TiO 2 to form CaTiO 3 , and β-TCP converted to α-tri-calcium phosphate (α-TCP), anatase TiO 2 transformed to rutile TiO 2 . The bonding strength of the HA/TiO 2 composite coatings increased with the addition of TiO 2 , and the bonding strength of the TiO 2 reinforced HA increased with increases TiO 2 content in the coatings.

Silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite (Si-HA) was prepared successfully by hydrothermal method. The crystalline phase, microstructure, chemical composition, morphology and thermal stability of Si-HA were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the substitution of the silicate groups for the phosphate groups causes some OH- loss to maintain the charge balance and changes the lattice parameters of HA. Furthermore, the substitution of the silicate groups restrains the growth of Si-HA crystal. DSC analysis shows that the small amount of silicon incorporates into HA lattice does not influence the thermal stability of HA.

To improve the bonding strength of HA coating, hydroxyapatite(HA)/titanium(Ti) composite coatings were successfully prepared by modifying hydrothermal–electrochemical (HTEC) technique. The effect of Ti additions on the phase composition, microstructure, thermal stability and the bonding strength of the HA/Ti composite coatings was studied. The results show that HA and Ti particles are relatively well distributed in the coating, and the addition of Ti reduces the HA crystallite size. The bonding strength of HA/Ti composite coatings increases with addition of Ti, and the bonding strength of the Ti reinforced HA increases with increase of Ti content in the coatings. The bioactivity of HA/Ti composite coating was investigated by immersion of coating in simulated body fluid (SBF). A bone-like apatite layer form on the coating surface after 7 days of soaking in SBF, indicating good bioactivity for HA/Ti composite coating.

One of pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) consisting of abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau. The molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of tau hyperphosphorylation remain largely unclear. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of AD, however, potential functions and role of tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in AD pathogenesis have not been fully explored. Here, we report that okadaic acid (OA)-induced tau phosphorylation is accompanied by PTEN induction, knockdown of PTEN reduces the tau hyperphosphorylation by OA in SH-SY5Y cells and increases cell proliferation and survival. The effect of PTEN suppression on tau dephosphorylation appeared to be mediated by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 while enhancing the Akt activity. Reduction of tau phosphorylation was also observed in the OA-induced parental SH-SY5Y cells co-treated with bisperoxovanadate (bpv), a potent PTEN inhibitor. Our studies provide evidence for an effect of PTEN on the phosphorylation of tau in AD pathogenesis and give some insight into the mechanisms through which suppression of PTEN expression may contribute towards the amelioration of tauopathy, implying that pharmacological intervention of PTEN may be a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD.

Silicon Substituted Hydroxyapatite (Si-HA) coatings were prepared on titanium substrates by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The stability of Si-HA suspension in n-butanol and chloroform mixture has been studied by electricity conductivity and sedimentation test. The microstructure, shear strength and bioactivity in vitro has been tested. The stability of Si-HA suspension containing n-butanol and chloroform mixture as medium is better than that of pure n-butanol as medium. The good adhesion of the particles with the substrate and good cohesion between the particles were obtained in n-butanol and chloroform mixture. Adding triethanolamine (TEA) as additive into the suspension is in favor of the formation of uniform and compact Si-HA coatings on the titanium substrates by EPD. The shear strength of the coatings can reach 20.43 MPa after sintering at 700 degrees C for 2 h, when the volume ratio of n-butanol: chloroform is 2:1 and the concentration of TEA is 15 ml/L. Titanium substrates etched in H(2)O(2)/NH(3) solution help to improve the shear strength of the coatings. After immersion in simulated body fluid for 7 days, Si-HA coatings have the ability to induce the bone-like apatite formation.