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This paper addresses the energy efficiency issue in household appliances, which has led to the establishment of policies at a global level in favor of setting minimum energy performance standards (MEPS), which guarantee end users are able to select more efficient equipment. The countries of the United States, Brazil, Mexico, Chile, and the Community of the European Union were taken as references to review their policies and implementation strategies, in order to be compared with the Colombian panorama (at the market, technical and political levels). This allows the establishment of common aspects and differences related to the determination of energy consumption, adjusted volume, and formalization of efficiency ranges, and in the specific case of domestic refrigeration. Managing to distinguish the most relevant aspects for the successful adoption of these policies in Colombia. It is evident that the implementation of these guidelines has a positive impact on the market of the countries and communities of reference. Similarly, the MEPS are shown as a mechanism to regulate energy consumption in the residential sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La contaminación ambiental causada por el creciente uso de materiales termoplásticos derivados de hidrocarburos, utilizados en la fabricación de envases, empaques y variedades artículos que terminan produciendo grandes cantidades de desechos que no se degradan fácilmente, generando problemas sanitarios en los vertederos municipales donde se requiere más capacidad y espacio. En este trabajo de investigación de un material bioplástico compuesto por polietileno de baja densidad y almidón de papa que posee propiedades mecánicas útiles para producir distintos artículos de uso cotidiano se estudiara su velocidad de biodegradabilidad en condiciones similares a un relleno sanitario que debido a la presencia de microorganismos puede lograr que en un tiempo estimado menor a 6 meses se degraden por completo o usarse en compostaje para generar abonos para la siembra de plantas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the integration of a mobile robot with a vision system, which allows to a mobile agent to detect and avoid obstacles in its path. The vision system has the ability to present a 3D model of the local scene as a point clouds representation. The hardware integration is formed by an RGB-D inexpensive camera, a processing unit and a robotic platform. For visual perception, an algorithm for reduction 3D to 2D information similar to the information provided by range sensors was implemented in order to reduce response time and manipulation data for navigation algorithms. The whole system was tested in a controlled environment, overcoming various tests of navigation and obstacle avoidance. This work exploring the capabilities of RGB-D sensors in mobile robotics at Colombian Pacific region and is the first step of a research proposal aims to implement a solution to the problem of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design and implementation of a low cost stereovision system for being used in mobile robots, which can estimate the distance at which objects are present in its field of vision. The location is achieved by means of an abstraction of a stereoscopic vision sensor to a sensor ring type, which will reduce the stereo information to coplanar distance readings as if it was a sonar. The vision system was used for navigating a mobile robot in a structured environment, using the techniques of reactive path planning and potential fields. The stereovision system implemented showed an average error of 5.34 cm in estimating distances, being tested as main sensor in the Pioneer 3DX robot in different environments under both structured and navigation strategies mentioned above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)