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The outbreak of the coronavirus and its ramifications, including lockdown and shutting down of many learning centers magnified the necessity of turning to virtual learning, has given rise to concerns about students’ learning and their reaction to the new teaching methods and the challenges they entail. The present study attempts to examine the link between metacognitive beliefs and behaviors that prevent health-oriented lifestyles through academic self-efficacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The statistical sample consisted of 239 randomly selected undergraduate students of engineering at Azad University of Shahre-e Rey in the second semester of 1399-1400. The data were gathered using academic health-oriented life style test Salehzadeh et al. (2018) Academic Self-Efficacy Beliefs Questionnaire (ASEBQ), and Wells’ Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30). Findings of the study indicated that metacognitive beliefs are related to behaviors preventing academic health-oriented life style factors, such as learned helplessness and effort withdrawal, through self-efficacy. It is suggested that, According to the positive relationship that exists between metacognitive strategies and academic achievement. As well as these strategies are scalability learners need to be trained in skills such as self-regulation self- monitoring planning and goal setting. Until they dominate decided cognitive strategies and professors can also encourage students to use orientation by designing assignments, teaching study strategies, and using new teaching methods

One of the obligations of the carrier in sea transportation contracts is to follow the contractual route or the appropriate route, the violation of which can deprive the carrier of some contractual rights. Usually, in the contract of carriage or in the bill of lading, the appropriate route for the sea voyage is specified, and if it is not determined, the direct geographic route between the loading port and the unloading port is considered the appropriate route. In cases where there is more than one geographical direct route, the most common route is considered the appropriate route. Deviation of the ship from the contractual route or the appropriate route is one of the most common and common violations in marine transportation contracts, which is known as a serious action in maritime transportation by having effects such as the lack of obligation of the insurer to compensate for damages since the deviation from the route occurs. In maritime transport contracts, the parties seek to include terms that can flex the rules governing the agreement and the effects of breach of obligation. The condition of freedom in deviating from the route is included in the contract as a legal solution to neutralize the effects of the ship deviating from the route in favor of the transport operators. The mentioned condition is known as a correct condition in the law of England and America. In English law, the condition of freedom in deviating from the route has legal validity, but at the same time, the said condition should not provide grounds for the carrier's violation and evasion of responsibility. Therefore, in most cases, by measuring the possibility of invoking the said condition based on the standard of reasonableness of the deviation, they explain the possibility of invoking the condition and the scope of its application.In American law, the condition of freedom in deviating from the route is recognized as an exemption from liability and as an exception to paragraph 2 of article 3 of the 1936 Maritime Law. In this legal system, the possibility of including the condition of freedom in deviating from the route in favor of the carrier is recognized by the agreement of the parties in the contract. In order to provide an interpretation with the aim of proving the compatibility between two different and apparently conflicting articles in the discussion of the liability of the carrier, the American jurists considered the exemption from responsibility based on the condition of freedom to deviate from the route as an exception to the primary responsibility determined in paragraph 2 of Article 3 are In fact, contrary to the English legal system, in which the condition of freedom is viewed as a matter for explaining the territory of the contract; The American legal system places it in the list of exceptions to the responsibility of the carrier.The reasoning of the American courts in facing the cases related to the deviation of the ship from the route, in which the condition of freedom in favor of the carrier to change the route is included, expresses the acceptance of the views of the lawyers and the alignment of the courts in the way of interpreting the articles of the 1936 Law of Sea Transportation of Goods.Examining the validity and legal position of the condition of freedom in deviating from the route in Iranian law requires that the question related to the validity or invalidity of the said condition be answered first, and then, assuming it is true, the effect of this condition on the contract and the responsibility of the carrier should be examined. The explanation of the correctness or invalidity of the condition of freedom in deviating from the route depends on the nature and type of obligation of the carrier and its exclusion from the scope of the cases that are known as invalid conditions in the general rules of contracts.In Iranian law, taking into account that the cases of justified deviation from the route have been specified in paragraph 4 of article 55 of the amended Iranian Maritime Law of 2013, the question is raised that any change of route based on the condition stated in the contract and outside of the cases mentioned in the last article Is it illegal? In fact, this question should be answered that by specifying the sea voyage route in the bill of lading and allocating one of its clauses to the condition of freedom to deviate from the route, are there two conflicting clauses in the contract or bill of lading? Clause 4, Article 55 of Iran's Maritime Law, is a regulation that explains the scope of application of the condition of freedom to deviate from the course by taking into account its provisions, and the validity of the condition of freedom to deviate from the course, as well as the limits and loopholes of its application, is examined according to the principles of interpretation of contracts. will be One of the most important principles of interpretation used by the courts is the interpretation of the contract as a whole unit. This means that if in the transport contract or bill of lading, there is a specific route to carry out a sea voyage and in another article, the condition of freedom to deviate from the route agreed upon by the parties, using this method of interpretation that the courts are required to apply, the interpretation of the contract must be It should be done in a way that all its components and conditions are considered validThis research has explained the validity of the condition of freedom for deviating from the route in sea transportation contracts with analytical-descriptive method and using library data.Key words: condition of freedom, unreasonable deviation, appropriate route, maritime transport contract, carrier's obligation

Introduction and purpose: One of the important missions of nursing education is the mental health of nursing students who play an important role in promoting the health of the community. It is necessary to maintain nursing studentschr('39') mental health due to their prominent role in providing health services during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the mental health status of nursing students in the School of Nursing, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch, Sari Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This analytical study was conducted based on a descriptive cross-sectional method using the census method on all nursing students of Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch. Data collection tools were a demographic form and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Results: Totally, 278 participants completed the study, among which 70 (25.2%) participants worked in the COVID-19 hospitals and 208 (74.8%) participants did not work. The highest and lowest mean scores of mental health were related to the first-year and sixth-semester students (5±3.10 and 3.7±2.51), respectively. Moreover, the mean of mental health was significantly higher in participants who had contact with COVID-19 patients than others, indicating poor mental health among them (P

One of the most significant factors in the estimation of dimension stone quarry cost is the production rate of rock cutting machines. Evaluating the production rate of chain-saw machines is a very significant and practical issue. In this research, it has been attempted to evaluate and select the suitable working-face for a quarry by examining the maximum production rate in the Dehbid and Shayan marble quarries. For this purpose, fi eld studies were carried out which included measuring operational characteristics of the chain-saw cutting machine, the production rate and sampling for laboratory tests from seven active case studies. Subsequently, the physical and mechanical properties of rocks including: Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS), Brazilian Tensile Strength (BTS), Los Angeles abrasion, quartz content, water absorption percentage, porosity, Schmidt hardness and grain size for all sample measurements were studied after transferring the samples to a rock-mechanics laboratory. Finally, the sawability of the quarried working-faces was evaluated using the PROMETHEE multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model according to the physical and mechanical properties. The results of the study indicated that the number 1 and 5 working-faces from the Dehbid and Shayan quarries are the most suitable working-faces in terms of production rate with the maximum recorded production values (4.95 and 3.1 m2 /h), and with net fl ow rates (2.67 and -0.36) respectively.

This study was conducted to analyze the lived emotional experience of adolescents during the prevalence of COVID-19 and quarantine. The research method was phenomenological qualitative. To achieve information saturation, 25 adolescents aged 15-17 years were purposefully selected and responded to the research tool which was a semi-structured interview individually and online. After analyzing the six main themes of boredom, loneliness, homesickness, helplessness, stress, anger, and fear of judgment were extracted from the available data. The results of the present study are consistent with empirical evidence showing that although restrictions on quarantine are unavoidable, facilitating conditions to meet mental needs and maintain mental health, such as creating interpersonal relationships and supporting adolescents in critical situations, should be considered by healthcare providers, trainers, and parents.

The move to new approaches to higher education has required many universities around the world to use e-learning in their courses. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the attitudes of the students toward using virtual education and their satisfaction level during the Covid-19 crisis. The research methodology used was descriptive. A sample of 165 undergraduate students (89 technical engineering and 76 psychology students) were randomly selected at Islamic Azad University Shahre Rey in the first semester of 2020-2021. Attitude and satisfaction level toward virtual education questionnaires were used to collect data. The analyses were carried out through SPSS software (26 version), by using the Pearson correlation and t-tests on two independent samples. Findings indicated that there was a significant relationship between attitudes toward virtual education and satisfaction for all participants. Therefore, it can be concluded that the more positive attitudes towards e-learning and virtual education are, the higher the satisfaction level toward virtual education is. In addition, there was no difference between the attitudes and satisfaction level toward virtual education in the two target groups. A more accurate analysis of the questions showed that virtual education generated more problems for technical students when it came to understanding the main concepts. While both groups believed that online examinations were more appropriate given the pandemic circumstances, some difficulties such as internet speed and challenges while uploading the response sheets affected their attitude in a negative way. The findings also indicated that psychology students found using the internet and online platforms more challenging than engineering students.

The aim of this study was to investigate student satisfaction with virtual education based on their health-oriented lifestyle behaviours. The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all undergraduate students in engineering and psychological fields at Islamic Azad University of Shahre Rey during the second semester of 2020-2021. Of these students, 188 (93 engineering students and 95 psychology students) were randomly selected. To collect the data, an instrument for measuring satisfaction with virtual education as well as the measurement scale for health-oriented academic lifestyle behaviours (Salehzadeh et al., 2017) were used. Findings revealed that the components of a health-oriented lifestyle as a whole explain 37.4% of the variance in student satisfaction with virtual education. The relationship between health-oriented lifestyle facilitators (academic optimism, mastery goal orientation, and academic resilience) and student satisfaction with virtual education was positive and significant. The relationship between health-oriented lifestyle inhibitor components (learned helplessness and procrastination) and student satisfaction with virtual education was negative and significant. The relationship between effort withdrawal and student satisfaction with virtual education was not significant (p>0.05). There was no difference between the components of a health-oriented lifestyle and student satisfaction with virtual education according to educational groups. Accordingly, creating a resilient educational environment, trying to participate, and teaching towards meaningful and problem-based learning will prevent students from avoiding virtual education.