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Global health trends, marked by increasing epidemics and pandemics, call for enhanced human resource preparedness to prevent and respond to emerging and future health problems. Indeed, according to the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH), at least 75% of the pathogens responsible for emerging and re-emerging human infectious diseases originate from animals. These health problems involve environmental, economic and social factors. Because of their multidimensional nature, addressing these health problems requires the adoption of a One Health approach. To achieve this, training of human resources is a priority.This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 12 to 22, 2021 in 6 regions of Senegal, namely, Dakar, Thiès, Diourbel, Kaolack, Saint-Louis, and Ziguinchor. Questionnaires were administered online and in person to 217 professionals in human, environmental, animal health and agriculture. Data were statistically processed, and bivariate analyses enabled a better correlation between training needs for professionals according to their occupational group.The survey sample was 64% male and 36% female. More than half of the professionals surveyed (53.5%) had less than 10 years of experience. Human health workers were the most represented (46%), followed by animal health workers (34%) and environmental workers (16%). Agriculture, fisheries, and food security were weakly represented. Few had received training in the One Health approach and entry-level One Health skills predominated. The One Health competencies in which professionals want to build capacity differ by sector. Globally, public health and epidemiology, health risk management, basic of One Health concepts, animal health and biotechnology are the priorities.The development of training programs could then enable these expressed needs to be addressed.

Rabies is still a public health problem in Senegal. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on rabies among human and animal health professionals. It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted in the Kaffrine district. Data were collected from 28 June to 01 July 2021. An exhaustive recruitment was done, and the final sample size was 95 health professionals. R software was used for descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses. Health professionals with sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes and good practices in relation to rabies represented 35.8%, 26.3% and 45.3% of the study respectively. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that professionals who worked in urban areas (AOR = 11.10; 95% CI = [3.50–41.69]) and who worked in animal health (AOR = 7.45; 95% CI = [1.16–70.40]) were more likely to have sufficient knowledge about rabies. Professionals with tertiary education (AOR = 12.40; CI95% = [1.80–268.00]) and with sufficient knowledge (AOR = 3.41; CI95% = [1.01–12.70]) were more likely to have a positive attitude about rabies. Professionals with a positive attitude about rabies (AOR = 3.23; 95% CI = [1.08–10.70]) were more likely to have a good practice when presented with an animal bite case. These results suggest that improving health professionals’ knowledge about rabies is essential in order to influence their attitudes and practices against rabies.

This study allowed determining diverse roles of the mangrove in Delta du Saloum. To the ecological plan, the slightest environmental changes are harmful to mangrove (Ndour, 2005 ; Thomas and al., 1997 ; Blasco, 1983). The consequences are their degradation and the loss of the functions of nurseries, housing environment and niche ecological. In the socioeconomic aspects, mangrove exploitation resources make them playing the role of rampart of the livelihood of the coastal populations (Sène, 2007 ; Cormier-Salem, 1999). So, the goods and services which the mangrove procures to population, gets created divergent interests between the various actors ; what makes difficult their management. Among others obstacles, there is their sector-based management which implies at once several state services. This sector-based approach not facilitates harmonization of the measures of preservation. Otherwise, in spite of the existence of several plans of management, there is always no transfer of competence in fishery domain which prevents in a part the actors to play entirely their roles. In these conditions, perspectives of mangroves management should turn around the harmonization of the measures of protection, decision-making by the Ministry of fishery on marine resources, the elaboration of landscaping of classified forests and codes for good behavior in the area. This need also to promote joint management including the neighboring States sharing the same resources (Ndour, 2005).

Local plant species allow illustrate the diversity of ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems. The present study has the objective to characterize ecosystem services provided by Cordyla pinnata, an indigenous species of the sudanian zone of Senegal. To achieve this objective, 97 questionnaires were conducted with the head of households around Patako Classified Forest and data analysis was based on ethnobotanical indicators. This study shows that Cordyla pinnata provides 20 ecosystem services which belong to three categories : provisioning services, regulation services and cultural services. The total Use Value (UVt) of the species is 7.9 and UV differ among sites. Factor of Informant Consensus (FIC) is greater than 0.9 in all three categories and Fidelity Levels (FL) are high for food, traditional medicine, wood, shade, soil fertilization and inheritance. Results show that Cordyla pinnata is a useful species in many aspects of local people’s lives. Its UV is higher in sites distant from Patako Classified Forest were the natural vegetation is less abundant. However the majority of these ecosystem services provided by the species are locally perceived and enjoyed and is compromised by the degradation of its stand population in the area. Thus, it appropriate to make local population more conscious about the socio-economic and ecological importance of the species for them so that they the preserve it better and restore it in agro-systems.