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Jianmin Sun,1 Muddassar Sarfraz,2 Muhammad Asghar3 1School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Management, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, People’s Republic of China; 3Business School, Hunan University, Changsha, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Muddassar Sarfraz, Email muddassar.sarfraz@gmail.com; muddassar@zjsru.edu.cnBackground: Workplace safety is a crucial aspect of employee well-being and organizational success, with ethical leadership playing a key role in shaping employees’ perceptions of safety. Today, the underlying mechanisms through which ethical leadership influences workplace safety perception remain underexplored, especially in the Pakistan healthcare industry. Based on the social cognitive theory, this study aims to investigate the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace safety perception and examine the mediating role of media quality, communication climate, and supervisory communication and the moderating role of moral attentiveness.Methods: An empirical survey method was used to conduct the quantitative study, with respondents representing nursing staff from hospitals in Pakistan. Data was collected using an online questionnaire during COVID-19, and Smart PLS was used to analyze the data.Results: The study demonstrated that ethical leadership positively and significantly affects workplace safety perception. Media quality, communication climate, and supervisory communication mediate between ethical leadership and workplace safety perception. Moral attentiveness moderates the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace safety perception.Conclusion: Ethical leadership is an essential tool that improves media quality, communication climate, supervisory communication, and moral attentiveness. The article presents a novel approach to examining the relationship between ethical leadership and workers’ safety perceptions under the influence of mediating and moderating variables. By better understanding these dynamics, the study contributes to developing organizational strategies to improve workplace safety and overall employee well-being. In addition, it is a pioneering study exploring ethical leadership’s role in influencing workers’ perceptions of safety. Overall, the study is a great initiative that fosters the ethical concepts of individuals, thus achieving health protection and safety.Keywords: ethical leadership, workplace safety, communication climate, supervisory communication, nurses, COVID-19, healthcare policy

Jianmin Sun,1 Muddassar Sarfraz,2,3 Kausar Fiaz Khawaja,4 Ilknur Ozturk,5 Muhammad Ali Raza6 1School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Management, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Commerce & Business, Government College University Faisalabad, Layyah Campus, Layyah, Punjab, 31200, Pakistan; 4Faculty of Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 5Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, 34485, Turkey; 6Department of Business Administration, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Multan Campus, Multan, 60000, PakistanCorrespondence: Muddassar Sarfraz, Email muddassar.sarfraz@gmail.comPurpose: This study aims to improve employees’ job performance during COVID-19 pandemic circumstances and demonstrates the impact of COVID-19 fear on hospitality employees’ job performance under the mediating role of job insecurity changes and job loss insecurity.Methods: The study adopts a quantitative approach, and data were accumulated through a structured questionnaire. In total, 509 valid questionnaires were received from employees working in Pakistan’s hospitality sector. A structural equation model using Smart-PLS software was used to analyze the collected data from the respondents.Results: The results have identified that COVID-19 fear has a positive and significant influence on job insecurity changes, job loss insecurity, and a negative and significant relationship with job performance. The mediating relationship of job insecurity changes and job loss insecurity negatively significantly influence job performance. Additionally, results indicate a significant relationship between the moderating effect of the COVID-19 vaccines and job insecurity changes, job loss insecurity, and job performance.Conclusion: The study revealed that employees who perceived their jobs to be insecure during the COVID-19 pandemic tried to cope with the situation, feel healthy, and perform well in their job after getting vaccinated. The study’s findings recommend modifying the employees’ working pattern for organizations. This study enhances the existing literature on the COVID-19 crisis in Pakistan’s hospitality industry. In particular, this study is a novel addition to academia that highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the work performance of front desk employees in the hotel and tourism industry.Keywords: COVID-19 worry, job performance, job insecurity changes, job loss insecurity, perception of COVID-19 vaccine, hospitality

Muhammad Mohsin,1 Khalid Jamil,2 Sobia Naseem,3 Muddassar Sarfraz,4,6 Larisa Ivascu5 1School of Business, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, Hunan, 417000, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Economics and Management North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Economics and Management, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050043, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Commerce & Business, Government College University Faisalabad, Layyah Campus, Layyah, 31200, Pakistan; 5Faculty of Management in Production and Transportation, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania; 6College of International Students, Wuxi University, 214105, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Muddassar Sarfraz, Email muddassar.sarfraz@gmail.comPurpose: The study objective is to investigate the relationship between workplace ostracism, workplace incivility, and knowledge hiding behavior (evasive hiding, playing dumb, rationalized hiding) while considering the mediating role of job anxiety.Methods: The study collected data through structured questionnaires from 275 participants (ie, employees) working in the small to medium-sized enterprise of five big cities of Pakistan. The study adopted a structured equation modeling technique for data analysis.Results: Significantly, the study results suggest a positive effect of workplace ostracism and workplace incivility on employees’ knowledge hiding behavior, and job anxiety significantly mediates the relationship between workplace ostracism, workplace incivility, and knowledge hiding behavior of employees.Conclusion: The present study highlights the need to examine the personality disposition for understanding the relationship between the variables (eg, workplace ostracism, workplace incivility, knowledge hiding behavior). Employees’ inappropriate behavior had suppressed by initiating a campaign for a realistic job preview, setting an exceptional example. The study significantly contributes to the current literature on knowledge hiding behavior by presenting valuable insight into organizational and individual variables, subsequently influencing the knowledge hiding behavior of individuals. Indeed, this study is the first to investigate the predictive effect of the proposed variables.Keywords: workplace ostracism, workplace incivility, job anxiety, knowledge hiding behavior, SMEs

Bin He,1 Qinqing He,1 Muddassar Sarfraz2 1School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Commerce & Business, Government College University Faisalabad, Layyah Campus, Layyah, 31200, PakistanCorrespondence: Muddassar Sarfraz Email muddassar.sarfraz@gmail.comPurpose: Drawing on the Social Information Processing (SIP) theory, the study sought to examine the link between inclusive leadership and employees’ pro-social rule-breaking (PSRB) behavior through the mediating effect of self-efficacy. The study also investigates the moderating role of employee relations climate between inclusive leadership and self-efficacy.Methods: The study’s sample size consists of 438 full-time corporate employees at 47 organizations from China. Statistical analysis methods were used for data analysis, such as Pearson’s correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and multilevel regression analysis.Results: The results demonstrated that inclusive leadership positively affects PSRB behavior and self-efficacy. Furthermore, the employee relations climate moderate’s self-efficacy, which mediates the relationship between inclusive leadership and the PSRB behavior of employees.Conclusion: This study determines the psychological factors causing PRSB behavior in light of inclusive leadership. In the context of SIP theory, the findings conclude that inclusive leadership fundamentally influences self-efficacy, encouraging employees to exhibit PSRB behavior. Furthermore, this study also explains the mediating and moderating effect of self-efficacy and employment climate, which shape PSRB behavior. Hence, this study contributes to the organizational behavior literature regarding PSRB behavior and inclusive leadership.Keywords: inclusive leadership, pro-social rule-breaking, self-efficacy, psychology, employee relations

Naiwen Li,1 Shiwang Bao,1 Sobia Naseem,2 Muddassar Sarfraz,3 Muhammad Mohsin4 1School of Business Management, Liaoning Technical University, Huludao, 125105, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Economics and Management, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 3Binjiang College, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Business, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Muddassar Sarfraz; Muhammad Mohsin Email muddassar.sarfraz@gmail.com; mohsinlatifntu@gmail.comPurpose: This study examines and analyses the impact of leader-member exchange differentiation (LMXD) on employee safety performance.Methods: A quantitative study was conducted on a sample of 357 Chinese construction industry employees through a structured questionnaire. The research hypothesis was tested by using the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique.Results: The results showed that LMXD could directly and positively affect the negative emotions and indirectly affect the safety performance of employees through the mediating effect of negative emotions and work engagement. Interpersonal trust has a moderating impact on the relationship between LMXD and negative emotions.Conclusion: This study contributes to the literature on organizational behavior. Employee workplace safety is a great challenge in the construction industry. Enterprises should pay attention to the negative impact of LMXD. A fair working environment has significant importance to the employee’s safety.Keywords: leader-member exchange differentiation, negative emotions, work engagement, interpersonal trust, safety performance

Muddassar Sarfraz,1 Wang Qun,1,2 Ambreen Sarwar,3 Muhammad Ibrahim Abdullah,3 Muhammad Kashif Imran,4 Imran Shafique3 1Department of Management and HR, Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Provincial Collaborative Center of World Water Valley and Water Ecological Civilization, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Management Science, Comsats University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; 4Department of Management Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, PakistanCorrespondence: Ambreen Sarwar Muhammad Ibrahim AbdullahDepartment of Management Sciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, PakistanEmail ambreen_sarwar@hotmail.com; miabdullah@cuilahore.edu.pkBackground: Nursing has a reputation for being a predominantly stressful profession. Prior studies focus on the overt antecedents of stress like bullying, harassment, and verbal aggression from patients as well as colleagues. Employee stress has been receiving attention for decades, yet there is a research gap on the role of workplace ostracism as an antecedent of stress for nurses. This study aimed to consider the effect of workplace ostracism on the perceived stress of nurses while considering the moderating role of perceived organizational support.Methods: This study is quantitative. A time-lagged survey was conducted in private and public hospitals of Pakistan. Data were collected from 241 nurses. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and analysis of a moment structures (AMOS) software were employed for data analysis, such as bootstrapping analysis, Sobel test, and regression analysis.Results: Results demonstrated that workplace ostracism is positively associated with stress, while perceived organizational support has a moderating relationship. Perceived organizational support mitigates the adverse effects of workplace ostracism on nurses.Conclusion: This study contributes significantly to nursing literature by identifying workplace ostracism as one of the significant antecedents of stress for nurses. Perceived organizational support shows that employees are cared for and appreciated by the organization, which lessens the strength of perceived stress due to workplace ostracism.Keywords: nurses, stress, perceived organizational support, workplace ostracism, Pakistan

Muhammad Waseem Khan,1 Pengxuan Zhao,1 Asifullah Khan,2 Faisal Raza,2 Shahid Masood Raza,1 Muhammad Sarfraz,3 Yan Chen,1 Minsi Li,1 Tan Yang,1 Xiang Ma,1 Guangya Xiang11School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001/475004, People’s Republic of ChinaBackground: Cisplatin (CDDP), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), faces severe resistance and hepatotoxicity problems which can be alleviated through combination therapy.Purpose: The objective of this study was to develop a pH-dependent calcium carbonate nano-delivery system for the combination therapy of CDDP with oleanolic acid (OA).Methods: A microemulsion method was employed to generate lipid coated cisplatin/oleanolic acid calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CDDP/OA-LCC NPs), and the loading concentration of CDDP and OA was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy and HPLC respectively.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine the nanoparticles morphology while its pH dependent release characteristics were investigated through in vitro release study. Cellular uptake was examined through a fluorescence microscopy. Apoptotic assays and western blot analysis were conducted to explore the synergistic apoptotic effect of OA on CDDP against HCC cells. The hepatoprotective of OA for CDDP was evaluated through H&E staining.Results: TEM analysis revealed nanoparticles spherical shape with an average particle size of 206±15 nm, and the overall entrapment efficiency was 63.70%±3.9%. In vitro drug release study confirmed the pH-dependent property of the formulation, with the maximum CDDP release of 70%±4.6% at pH 5.5, in contrast to 28%±4.1% CDDP release at pH 7.4. Annexin V-FITC/PI assay and cell cycle analysis confirmed that CDDP and OA synergistically promoted greater HepG2 cells apoptosis for the CDDP/OA-LCC NPs as compared to their individual free drug solutions and NPs-treated groups. Western blot analysis also proved that CDDP/OA-LCC NPs induced the apoptosis by enhancing the proapoptotic protein expressions through downregulating P13K/AKT/mTOR pathway and upregulating p53 proapoptotic pathway. OA helped CDDP to overcome the resistance by downregulating the expression of proteins like XIAP, Bcl-2 via NF-κB pathway. OA also significantly alleviated CDDP-induced hepatotoxicity as evident from the decreased alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase levels and histochemical evaluation. The possible mechanism may be related to the Nrf-2 induction via its antioxidant mechanism to maintain the redox balance and reduction in CYP2E1 activity which can lead to ROS-mediated oxidative stress.Conclusion: These results suggest that CDDP/OA-LCC NPs have promising applications for co-delivering CDDP and OA to synergize their anti-tumor activity against HCC and to utilize OA’s protective effect against CDDP-induced hepatotoxicity.Keywords: combination therapy, cisplatin, oleanolic acid, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatotoxicity

After menopause, there is an imbalance between bone formation and resorption activity, which could lead to postmenopausal osteopenia or osteoporosis. Resistance training (RT) can induce mechanical stress on bone which is necessary for bone remodeling and angiogenic-osteogenic response. This systematic review aims to assess the effects of RT on bone microcirculation and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis. We conducted a comprehensive search for related studies published up to April 2023 to identify eligible articles. Out of 316 articles identified, the full texts of 69 articles were screened. There is not any study which consider the effect of resistance exercises on bone microcirculation in PMOP women, but four articles aseess the effect of RT on BTMs and were reviewed. The quality of the articles was assessed by using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. In one study, after 6 and 12 months of RT, bone formation and bone resorption biomarkers decreased not significantly. According to another study, bone formation and resorption biomarkers increased significantly after 3-months RT. Two other studies reported increases in biomarkers of bone formation along with decreases of biomarkers in bone resorption after 6-months of RT, but these were not significant. However, these results suggest that RT had some beneficial effects on BTMs but it is not an effective tool for modifying BTMs in women with osteoporosis or osteopenia. This may be due to the site-specific skeletal stimulation that RT provides. In addition considering the effect of RT on microcirculation of bone are important. So, there is a need for further, high-quality studies in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Convergent/divergent channels have real-world applications, including the production of fibers, the manipulation of molten metal streams, and the industrial casting of metal. This article intends to discuss the flow and thermal transport of a mixture of nanoparticles, namely, copper and molybdenum oxide, in a base fluid (water) over a wedge-shaped channel. The dissipation effects are taken into account. To understand the thermophysical characteristics of the nanoparticles, the Yamada Ota model is selected. By using similarity transformations, the partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations. The numerical solution is developed by applying the bvp4c built-in MATLAB. The impact of irreversibility effects is also incorporated. Moreover, the outcomes for the wall stress parameter and Nusselt number are calculated as a function of pertinent parameters. It is noted that the momentum and energy of the system are reduced due to accretion in the nanoparticle volume fraction of copper for both hybrid nanofluids and conventional nanofluids. For both convergent and divergent channels, heat transport is an increasing function of Brinkman number. The numerical values of thermal transport are developed for a specific range of Brinkman numbers and decreased for Reynolds numbers. The thermal transport is abridged for hybrid nanofluids more, as compared to mono nanouids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Testing natural antihyperlipidemic substances is necessary due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, which leads to chronic hyperglycaemia and poses a significant threat to public health and well-being worldwide. The present study investigated the anti-diabetic effect of black pepper, turmeric, and ajwa date pulp + seed and their mixtures as hypolipidemic, antioxidant and protective agents on the liver and kidney by examining histological changes in alloxanised diabetic rats. Eleven groups consisting of eighteen males and eighteen females were divided into a normal control (non-diabetic), a positive control (diabetic), positive groups receiving glibenclamide (10 mg kg-1 body weight), black pepper (BP), turmeric (T), ajwa pulp (AP), ajwa seeds (AS) aqueous extracts and their various combinations. The dose of BP aqueous extract was 50 mg kg-1 body weight, while the dose of the other materials was 500 mg kg-1 body weight. The aqueous extracts were administered orally once daily for eight weeks. Our phytochemical screening detected the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and alkaloids in these extracts. The results pertaining to serum levels of glucose, lipids, glycosylated haemoglobin, and antioxidant biomarkers revealed significant improvements after administration of AS, BP + AS, and the mixture of all extracts. Moreover, histological analyses demonstrated the protective effects of these extracts. In conclusion, all tested materials, especially ajwa seeds administered alone and in combination with black pepper extract, exerted significant antihyperlipidemic and weight-stabilising effects in alloxanised diabetic rats. Therefore, these natural substances hold promise as potential herbal medicines for managing diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roflumilast, a selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, was approved by the European Medicines Agency Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use in 2010 for the treatment of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, low solubility of Roflumilast is a question mark to design a suitable dosage form to get therapeutic objectives. The aim of this work was to enhance solubility of the drug to develop fast release oral tablet. Drug-polymer binary system was developed at 1:1 w/w ratio followed by development of immediate release tablet by direct compression method. Drug-polymer compatibility studies were assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopic studies. Pre and Post- compression tests and in vitro dissolutions studies in acidic (pH 1.2) and PBS pH 6.8 were performed to evaluate in vitro performance of the developed formulations. In vitro kinetic models were applied and similarity and difference factors were computed in comparison with reference product (marketed brand). Drug content was found between 95.37 to 99.57 in the developed formulations. Drug-polymer compatibility results demonstrated good compatibility among drug, polymers and other excipients. The micromeretic parameters and post compression studies results were in acceptable limit for all the developed formulations. Fast drug release behavior was observed in acidic medium. The results suggested that similarity factor (f2) values of the developed formulations were within acceptable limit (50-100). The developed binary systems may apply to overcome solubility issues of biopharmaceutical classification system class II drugs. The developed formulations are easy to scale-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Those identifying as transgender make up a significant and growing number of individuals. They face discrimination in healthcare and have been known to have adverse physical and mental health outcomes because of stigma. A study was carried out to ascertain how doctors perceive and interact with their transgender patients. Methods: The attitudes of doctors, working in mental and physical healthcare settings in a borough in south-east England, towards transgender patients were evaluated by administering a standardised questionnaire. Results: The response rate was 22%. Most doctors who responded had encountered a transgender patient, but consultants were more likely to identify and interact with them comfortably, used their preferred pronouns, and knew about policies relating to their care than trainee doctors. Conclusions: These findings add to the growing data regarding the perceptions about transgender patients in healthcare settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work aims to synthesize environmentally benign and cost-effective metal nanoparticles. In this current research scenario, the leaf extract of Cedrela toona was used as a reducing agent to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by the color shift of the reaction mixture, i.e., silver nitrate and plant extract, from yellow to dark brown colloidal suspension and was established by UV-visible analysis showing a surface plasmon resonance band at 434 nm. Different experimental factors were optimized for the formation and stability of AgNPs, and the optimum conditions were found to be 1 mM AgNO3 concentration, a 1:9 ratio of extract/precursor, and an incubation temperature of 70°C for 4 h. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra indicated the presence of phytochemicals in the leaf extract that played the role of bioreducing agents in forming AgNPs. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of AgNPs with a mean size of 25.9 nm. The size distribution and morphology of AgNPs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, which clearly highlighted spherical nanoparticles with a size distribution of 22–30 nm with a mean average size of 25.5 nm. Moreover, prominent antibacterial activity was found against Enterococcus faecalis (21 ± 0.5 mm), Bacillus subtilis (20 ± 0.9 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18 ± 0.3 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (16 ± 0.7 mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16 ± 0.3 mm), and Escherichia coli (14 ± 0.7 mm). In addition, antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS assays. Higher antioxidant activity was reported in AgNPs compared to the plant extract in both DPPH (IC50 = 69.62 µg·ml−1) and ABTS assays (IC50 = 47.90 µg·ml−1). Furthermore, cytotoxic activity was also investigated by the MTT assay against MCF-7 cells, and IC50 was found to be 32.55 ± 0.05 µg·ml−1. The crux of this research is that AgNPs synthesized from the Cedrela toona leaf extract could be employed as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer agents for the treatment of bacterial, free radical-oriented, and cancerous diseases.

In this study, the polar root extract of Cyperus scariosus R.Br. was used for the biogenic synthesis of ZnO NPs. The results of this study show that ZnO NPs have a spherical structure with an average size of 85.4 nm. The synthesized catalysts were tested for their photocatalytic activity by degrading methyl orange and methylene blue under sunlight. Improved degradation efficiencies of 79.44% and 84.92% were achieved within 120 min. ZnO NPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive Listeria monocytogenes (18 mm) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (20 mm) and Gram-negative strains of Escherichia coli (16 mm) and Bordetella bronchiseptica (14 mm), as shown by the inhibition zones, which were comparable to the positive control (ceftriaxone) but larger than the plant root extract. ZnO NPs showed high antioxidant activity, as a ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay value of 66.29 µg (AAE µg·mL−1) and a DPPH value of 57.44 µg (AAE µg·mL−1) were obtained at a concentration of 500 µL, which was higher than those of the C. scariosus root extract. Quantification of the total phenolic and flavonoid content yielded values of 57.63 µg (GAE µg·mL−1) and 70.59 µg (QCE µg·mL−1), respectively. At a concentration of 500 μL (1 mg·mL−1), the tested nanoparticles (NPs) showed a greater anti-inflammatory effect (84.12%) compared to the root extract of C. scariosus (34.39%). Overall, our findings highlight the versatile properties of green synthesized ZnO NPs and demonstrate their potential for environmental remediation and antimicrobial formulations, as well as promising candidates for further investigation in biomedical fields such as drug delivery and therapy.

Digital technology has drastically transformed businesses' activities, operations, and processes. Today, digital efficiencies have inspired companies to take initiatives to leverage the firm's environmental performance. The study's primary purpose was to examine how a digital transformation strategy affects environmental performance under the mediating role of innovation capabilities and moderating role of digital organizational culture. The data was obtained from manufacturing industry employees in Pakistan. The results reveal that digital transformation strategy (DTS) positively and significantly affects innovation capabilities and environmental performance. The link between digital transformation and environmental performance is mediated by innovation capabilities, while digital organizational culture moderates the relationship between innovation capabilities and environmental performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current investigation, we propose the analytical and numerical solutions of the Navier–Stokes equation for the reverse roll coating process (RRCP) using a bath of the Sisko fluid model (SFM). A suitable transformation is applied to the partial differential equation-based mathematical model of SFM-RRCP, resulting in a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The perturbation method has been employed to find the analytical solutions for velocity, flow rate, pressure gradient, pressure, and temperature distribution. The Newton–Raphson method has been used to find coating thickness. Furthermore, numerical integration has been applied to compute some mechanical quantities of interest, including power input and roll separation force. Sensitivity analysis is another approach implemented using response surface methods to examine the impacts of velocity ratio and non-Newtonian parameters on coating thickness, power input, and roll separating forces. The residual graphs and contour diagrams are also shown. It has been observed that as the value of non-Newtonian fluid parameters increases, the velocity profile decreases. However, the coating thickness on the web is a decreasing function. Further, it has been observed that separation points moved toward the nip region when the value of the velocity ratio was raised. Moreover, the sensitivity of roll separating forces and power input to input parameters is negative.