43 results on '"Satendra Singh"'
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2. Identification of Conserved Pathways in Bacillus Strains Known for Plant Growth-Promoting Behavior Using a Multifaceted Computational Approach
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Vandana Apurva Das, Budhayash Gautam, Pramod Kumar Yadav, and Satendra Singh
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plant growth promotion (PGP) ,evolutionary relationship ,comparative genomic analysis ,comparative proteomic analysis ,gene inversion ,pathway class ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Bacillus strains have long been recognized for their beneficial interactions with plants, enhancing growth, nutrient uptake, and stress resistance. Understanding their molecular mechanisms and plant-microbe interactions is crucial for harnessing their potential in sustainable agriculture. Here we used ten strains from the 5 Bacillus species namely Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus altitudinis and Bacillus amylofaciens, which are previously reported for PGPR activity. A comparative analysis of these strains was performed to determine their evolutionary relationships, which revealed that Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are closely related based on underlying genetic and proteomic similarities. Bacillus altitudinis strain LZP02 was the most distantly related to all the other selected strains. On the other hand, Bacillus atrophaeus strains GQJK17 and CNY01 are shown to be closely related to each other. Mauve alignment was performed to determine the genetic relationships between these strains. The LZP02 strain exhibited several unique inversions harboring important genes, such as betB, ftsW, and rodA, which are important for bacterial survival. Proteomic analysis highlighted important pathways that were conserved across these strains, including xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism, biosynthesis of polyketides and nonribosomal pathways, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, all of which have been shown to be involved in plant growth promotion.
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- 2024
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3. System of wheat intensification (SWI): Effects on lodging resistance, photosynthetic efficiency, soil biomes, and water productivity.
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Ramesh Kumar Singh, Pravin Kumar Upadhyay, Shiva Dhar, Rajanna G A, Vinod Kumar Singh, Rakesh Kumar, Rajiv Kumar Singh, Kapila Shekhawat, Sanjay Singh Rathore, Anchal Dass, Amit Kumar, Gaurendra Gupta, Sudhir Rajpoot, Ved Prakash, Sayantika Sarkar, Navin Kumar Sharma, Satyam Rawat, and Satendra Singh
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Intense cultivation with narrow row spacing in wheat, a common practice in the Indo-Gangetic plains of South Asia, renders the crop more susceptible to lodging during physiological maturity. This susceptibility, compounded by the use of traditional crop cultivars, has led to a substantial decline in overall crop productivity. In response to these challenges, a two-year field study on the system of wheat intensification (SWI) was conducted. The study involved three different cultivation methods in horizontal plots and four wheat genotypes in vertical plots, organized in a strip plot design. Our results exhibited that adoption of SWI at 20 cm × 20 cm resulted in significantly higher intercellular CO2 concentration (5.9-6.3%), transpiration rate (13.2-15.8%), stomatal conductance (55-59%), net photosynthetic rate (126-160%), and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception (1.6-25.2%) over the existing conventional method (plant geometry 22.5 cm × continuous plant to plant spacing) of wheat cultivation. The lodging resistance capacity of both the lower and upper 3rd nodes was significantly higher in the SWI compared to other cultivation methods. Among different genotypes, HD 2967 demonstrated the highest recorded value for lodging resistance capacity, followed by HD 2851, HD 3086, and HD 2894. In addition, adoption of the SWI at 20 cm × 20 cm enhanced crop grain yield by 36.9-41.6%, and biological yield by 27.5-29.8%. Significantly higher soil dehydrogenase activity (12.06 μg TPF g-1 soil hr-1), arylsulfatase activity (82.8 μg p-nitro phenol g-1 soil hr-1), alkaline phosphatase activity (3.11 n moles ethylene g-1 soil hr-1), total polysaccharides, soil microbial biomass carbon, and soil chlorophyll content were also noted under SWI over conventional method of the production. Further, increased root volumes, surface root density and higher NPK uptake were recorded under SWI at 20×20 cm in comparison to rest of the treatments. Among the tested wheat genotypes, HD-2967 and HD-3086 had demonstrated notable increases in grain and biological yields, as well as improvements in the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and chlorophyll content. Therefore, adoption of SWI at 20 cm ×20 cm (square planting) with cultivars HD 2967 might be the best strategy for enhancing crop productivity and resource-use efficiency under the similar wheat growing conditions of India and similar agro-ecotypes of the globe.
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- 2024
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4. Experiences of transgender persons in accessing routine healthcare services in India: Findings from a participatory qualitative study.
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Harikeerthan Raghuram, Sana Parakh, Deepak Tugnawat, Satendra Singh, Aqsa Shaikh, and Anant Bhan
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Despite having a higher burden of health problems, transgender persons face challenges in accessing healthcare in India. Most studies on healthcare access of transgender persons in India focus only on HIV related care, mental healthcare, gender affirmative services or on the ethno-cultural communities or transgender women. This study fills this gap by focusing on diverse gender identities within the transgender community with a specific focus on experiences in accessing general or routine healthcare services. A qualitative descriptive approach was used in this study. 23 in-depth interviews and 6 focus group discussions were conducted virtually and in-person with a total of 63 transgender persons in different regions of India between May and September 2021. The study used a community-based participatory research approach and was informed by the intersectionality approach. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data. Four key themes emerged: (i) intersectional challenges in accessing healthcare start outside of the health system, continue through cisgender-binary-normative health systems that exclude transgender persons; and at the interface with individuals such as health professionals, support staff and bystanders; (ii) the experiences negatively impact transgender persons at an individual level; (iii) in response, transgender persons navigate these challenges across each of the levels: individual, health system level and from outside of the health system. This is a first of its kind qualitative participatory study focusing on routine healthcare services of transgender persons in India. The findings indicate the need to move conversations on trans-inclusion in healthcare from HIV and gender affirmative services to routine comprehensive healthcare services considering the higher burden of health problems in the community and the impact of poor access on their lives and well-being.
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- 2024
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5. Performance Comparison of Protection Strategies in WDM Mesh Networks
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Hemant K. Singh, Shreya Aggarwal, Satendra Singh, Baibaswata Mohapatra, Rajendra K. Nagaria, and Sudarshan Tiwari
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blocking probability ,protection ,survivability ,switching time ,WDM networks ,Telecommunication ,TK5101-6720 ,Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 - Abstract
Recent development in optical networking employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) fulfills the high bandwidth demand applications. Failure of such networks, leads to enormous data and revenue loss. Protection is one of the key techniques, which is used in designing survivable WDM networks. In this paper we compare dedicated and shared protection strategies employed inWDMmesh networks to protect optical networks failure, particularly fiber failure. Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm is considered for carrying out simulations. The paper compares the performance of protection schemes, such as, dedicated path protection (DPP), shared path protection (SPP) and shared link protection (SLP) schemes. Capacity utilization, switching time and blocking probability are the parameters considered to measure the performance of the protection schemes. Simulation results show that, SPP is more efficient in terms of capacity utilization over DPP and SLP schemes, whereas, SLP offered better switching time than both DPP and SPP schemes. The average call drop rate is minimum for shared path protection scheme and maximum for shared link protection scheme.
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- 2023
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6. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of transgender persons in India: Findings from an exploratory qualitative study
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Harikeerthan Raghuram, Sana Parakh, Supraja Chidambaranathan, Deepak Tugnawat, Venu Pillai, Sanjana Singh, Satendra Singh, Aqsa Shaikh, and Anant Bhan
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COVID-19 ,mental health ,transgender ,India ,minority stress ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 ,Women. Feminism ,HQ1101-2030.7 - Abstract
IntroductionTransgender persons in India, who are one of the most vulnerable groups, were particularly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased risk of COVID-19, challenges with continuing livelihood, uncertainty, and anxiety around the pandemic over pre-existing social discrimination and exclusion pose risk of a mental health impact as well. To investigate this further, this component of a larger study on experiences in healthcare of transgender persons in India during COVID-19 and looks into the question “How did the COVID-19 pandemic impact the mental health of transgender persons in India”.Methods22 In-depth interviews (IDI) and 6 focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted virtually and in-person with persons self-identifying as transgender or belonging to ethnocultural transgender communities from different parts of India. Community based participatory research approach was used by ensuring representation from the community in the research team and through a series of consultative workshops. Purposive sampling with snowballing was used. The IDIs and FGDs were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis.ResultsMental health of transgender persons were affected in the following ways. Firstly, COVID-19, its associated fear and suffering combined with pre-existing inaccessibility of healthcare and reduced access to mental health care affected their mental health. Secondly, unique social support needs of transgender persons were disrupted by pandemic linked restrictions. Thirdly, pre-existing vulnerabilities such as precarious employment and underlying stigma were exacerbated. Finally, gender dysphoria was a key mediating factor in the impact of COVID-19 on mental health with a negative and positive impact.ConclusionsThe study reiterates the need to make systemic changes to make mental healthcare and general healthcare services trans-inclusive while also recognizing the essential nature of gender affirmative services and the need to continue them even during emergencies and disaster situations. While this brings out how public health emergencies can exacerbate vulnerabilities, it also shows how the lived mental health experience of transgender person is intricately linked to the way work, travel and housing is structured in our society and therefore points to the structural nature of the linkage between mental health and gender.
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- 2023
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7. Disability-inclusive vaccine equity framework for persons with disabilities in India: A call to action
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Satendra Singh
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disability ,covid-19 ,vaccine equity ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Published
- 2022
8. Unwelcomed and devalued: Preachers of exclusion plagiarize from documents of inclusion
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Sharad Philip, Nonita Gangwani, and Satendra Singh
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ableism ,aiims ,doctors with disabilities ,inclusion ,plagiarism ,reasonable accommodation ,Medicine - Abstract
The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi published guidelines, titled “Report of the Expert Group for framing Guidelines for admission of candidates with benchmark disabilities in postgraduate courses at AIIMS, New Delhi”, for doctors with disabilities seeking postgraduate admissions to the Institutions of National Importance. The expert group, which lacked representation of people with disabilities, in general, and doctors with disabilities, in particular, puts immense effort into justifying why trainees with disabilities must not join AIIMS, at times in bold and/or capital letters, and at other places, in an outright ableist language. In addition, there is blatant plagiarism from well-known advisories and guidelines which are known for promoting the inclusion of trainees with disabilities. Attitudinal barriers and biases remained incorrigible as sections of these documents were selectively abridged to justify prevailing exclusion practises. We link the connection of these members to the controversial National Medical Council guidelines for undergraduate admission of persons with specified disabilities, which were successfully challenged in courts, as well as to the identification of posts for employment at AIIMS. We justify disability accommodations by citing inclusive court interventions from India to emphasise that the notion of inclusive equality includes the provision for reasonable accommodations. It is high time that the motto “Nothing about us, without us” becomes a locus classicus for immediate change of these discriminatory guidelines, as well as the prescribing powers of such experts.
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- 2022
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9. Comprehensive analysis of non-synonymous SNPs related to Parkinson’s disease and molecular dynamics simulation of PRKN mutants
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Sapna Pandey, Neha Maurya, Himanshu Avashthi, Pramod Katara, Satendra Singh, Budhayash Gautam, and Dev Bukhsh Singh
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Parkinson’s Disease PRKN ,Non-synonymous SNPs ,Molecular dynamic simulation ,Annovar ,Mutation ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with a mutation in the PRKN (Parkin RBR E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase). PRKN functions as maintaining dopamine (DA) neuronal homeostasis and homeostasis dysfunction, which play an important role in early PD onset. The main objective behind this work is to identify PRKN deleterious single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) by computational analysis and implement molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) to study the structural and functional properties of native and mutant proteins. We found A46T, I23T, C212Y, D243N, E28G, G359D, P37L, Q34R, R256C, R275W, R366W, and R402C as the most delirious and disease-linked by using different bioinformatics tools such as ANNOVAR (SIFT & POLYPHEN2) annotation, SNPs & GO, PROVEAN, and I-Mutant3.0. To understand protein functionality and atomic arrangement in 3-D space, the comparative modeling of native and mutant PRKN protein (A46T, I23T, C212Y, D243N, E28G, G359D, P37L, Q34R, R256C, R275W, R366W, and R402C) was performed with standalone MODELLER 9.15 program. Finally, MDS analysis was done by using the GROMACS 5.1.5 comprehensive package to study the structural stability and dynamic perturbations in native and mutant PRKN proteins. MDS analysis shows more flexibility in native structures in comparison to mutant structures. Mutant structures show structural perturbation and result in loss of PRKN protein function. The findings of this study might assist wet-lab studies to create effective pharmacological treatments against PD targeting PRKN.
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- 2023
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10. India-Antarctica collisional ridge structure below Nellore Schist and Eastern Ghats Belts as revealed by seismic studies
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K. Chandrakala, O.P. Pandey, and Satendra Singh
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Columbia-Rodinia supercontinental assembly ,Supra-subduction and continental collision ,Hidden ridge structure ,Proterozoic sedimentation ,Crustal seismic structure ,Physical geography ,GB3-5030 - Abstract
In Columbia, Rodinia and Gondwana supercontinental assembly periods, eastern margin of India lay quite close to the east Antarctica. During these periods, this region underwent prolonged sedimentation, magmatism, oceanic subduction, multiple accretion and continent-continent collision which have left their imprints in the geological and geophysical observations. In the present study, we have analyzed crustal seismic velocity structure along the DSS profiles located in the eastern part of the Indian shield that cuts across the Proterozoic Cuddapah Basin, Godavari and Mahanadi Gondwana grabens. The study revealed presence of a prominent high velocity (6.2–6.5 km/s) hidden ridge structure, which is 30 to 50 km wide and located at a shallow subsurface depth beneath the Nellore Schist Belt and Eastern Ghats Belt. It underlies below Kaligiri-Duttaluru along the Kavali-Parnapalle profile, Darsi-Addanki along the Alampur-Koniki-Ganapeswaram profile and Sattupalli-Ashwaraopet in Kallur-Polavaram profile. This ridge structure is conspicuously characterized by high gravity anomaly gradients from -90 to -15 mGal. Gravity patterns over these regions further indicate that this ridge which appears to continue from the north of Chennai to Bhavanipatna region in Bastar Craton, may have been formed due to the collision of East Antarctic terrain with eastern Indian Shield after the cessation of supra-subduction at the end of Mesoproterozoic. Further, this ridge structure is flanked by Proterozoic sediments on either side; in Cuddapah Basin on its western side and East Coast Sedimentary Basin on its eastern side, which together with the possible occurrence of Proterozoic sediments in other basins, would indicate that the extent of Proterozoic sedimentation was much larger than hitherto known. We suggest that this region was rifting during Paleo-Mesoproterozoic period and possibly a shallow marine basin existed, when it was an integral part of the Columbia supercontinent assembly. It underwent another rifting phase and denudation during the Gondwana period as indicated by thin patches of Gondwana sediments which are lined up all along the east coast. Quite likely, the rifting between India and Antarctica during the Gondwana super assembly period initiated in the Permo-Triassic Gondwana period itself, with final separation taking place much later during early Cretaceous period.
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- 2022
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11. Commentary on 'All Bodies': Indian perspective
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Satendra Singh
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covid-19 ,coronavirus ,disability ,medical humanities ,health humanities ,triage ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Published
- 2020
12. Disability ethics in the coronavirus crisis
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Satendra Singh
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clinical ethics ,coronavirus ,covid-19 ,disability studies ,disabled persons ,health equity ,medical ethics ,pandemics ,resource allocation ,social justice ,standards of care/ethics* ,triage ,Medicine - Abstract
The disability viewpoint is fundamental for understanding and advancing social justice for everyone in the population. Despite this fact, it is regularly dismissed by public health experts and policymakers. Understanding of disability rights is central in an all-inclusive COVID-19 preparedness. This paper attempts to explore disability ethics in understanding structural discrimination, equitable practices, respect for disability culture and ways to safeguard health care professionals with disabilities in the coronavirus pandemic. In crisis standards of care, resource allocations must not be solely based on a disabled person's subjective quality of life. Health professionals should avoid stereotypes about an individual's disability to ration care. Triage protocol committees and disaster risk reduction working groups should explicitly recruit people with disabilities and chronic illnesses in their response strategies. Disability ethics can reform medical rationing by removing prejudices and safeguarding fair protection of the interests of all patients, including those with a disability.
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- 2020
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13. Disability-inclusive compassionate care: Disability competencies for an Indian Medical Graduate
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Satendra Singh, Kamala Gullapalli Cotts, Khan Amir Maroof, Upreet Dhaliwal, Navjeevan Singh, and Tao Xie
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accessibility ,autonomy ,competency-based education ,dignity ,disabled persons ,equality ,healthcare disparities ,human rights ,nondiscrimination ,participation ,Medicine - Abstract
The new curriculum of the Medical Council of India (MCI) lacks disability-related competencies. This further involves the risk of perpetuating the medicalization of diverse human experiences and many medical students may graduate with little to no exposure to the principles of disability-inclusive compassionate care. Taking into consideration the UN Convention, the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Act 2016, and by involving the three key stakeholders – disability rights activists, doctors with disabilities, and health profession educators – in the focus group discussions, 52 disability competencies were framed under the five roles of an Indian Medical Graduate (IMG) as prescribed by the MCI. Based on feedback from other stakeholders all over India, the competencies were further refined into 27 disability competencies (clinician: 9; leader: 4; communicator: 5; lifelong learner: 5; and professional: 4) which the stakeholders felt should be demonstrated by health professionals while they care for patients with disabilities. The competencies are based on the human rights approach to disability and are also aligned with the competencies defined by accreditation boards in the US and in Canada. The paper describes the approach used in the framing of these competencies, and how parts of these were ultimately included in the new competency-based medical education curriculum in India.
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- 2020
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14. Evaluation of a faculty development workshop aimed at development and implementation of a competency-based curriculum for medical undergraduates
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Amir Maroof Khan, Piyush Gupta, Navjeevan Singh, Upreet Dhaliwal, and Satendra Singh
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competency-based education ,curriculum ,medical education ,undergraduate ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Faculty development to implement competency-based medical education (CBME) is urgently needed as the Medical Council of India has implemented the competency-based curriculum this year onwards. Objectives: To evaluate a 2-day faculty development workshop in terms of: (a) increase in knowledge about CBME terminology and concepts, (b) self-reported capacity to develop and implement a competency-based module in their respective disciplines, and (c) satisfaction of the participants. Methodology: A single arm interventional study using mixed methods was carried out in which faculty members were purposively identified and requested to volunteer for a two-day faculty development workshop on the development and implementation of CBME. The workshop was evaluated (open-ended and Likert scored items) by the participants for self-reported gain in knowledge, gain in their confidence to develop and implement CBME, and level of satisfaction with respect to the components of the workshop. Quantitative data was analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test and Kruskal–Wallis test. Qualitative data was analyzed by doing content analysis and emerging themes have been presented. Results: Eleven faculty members attended a capacity building workshop for developing and implementing a competency-based curriculum for medical undergraduates. There was a significant improvement in their self-reported knowledge and attitude regarding the competency-based curriculum. New concepts learned fell into four domains: modification of the existing curriculum toward competency-based curriculum, knowledge of CBME, teaching-learning and assessment methods, and beneficial to the students. The participants were highly satisfied with the workshop in its current form. Conclusion: A two-day faculty development workshop can increase the knowledge and understanding of competency-based medical education and can be an important first step in the journey to more specialized training.
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- 2020
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15. Nursing humanities, nurturing compassion: sustaining the global nursing and midwifery agenda
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Satendra Singh, MD
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medical humanities ,nursing education ,competency ,compassionate care ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Published
- 2020
16. Comparative Analysis of mecA and nuc Gene Sequences of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Human Urine Samples
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Ann Maxton, Sam A. Masih, Shashi B. Bailey, G.D. Ram, and Satendra Singh
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mrsa ,antibacterial activity ,meca gene ,nuc gene ,pcr ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
In the present study twenty five human urine samples of hospital patients were screened for Staphylococcus aureus. Twenty percent of the samples were positive for Staphylococcus aureus as yellow colonies were observed aerobically on mannitol salt agar, out of the five isolates two were catalase positive. On the basis of resistance against methicillin, out of the three catalase positive isolates, two were MSSA and one was MRSA. One MRSA and one MSSA strain was examined using PCR technique, for gene identification. The mecA and nuc gene were amplified using PCR technique. The presence of mecA gene and nuc gene in MRSA and MSSA respectively, confirmed the strains. Comparative gene analysis of mecA gene and nuc gene was performed using BLAST and CLUSTALW tools. Thereafter rooted phylogenetic tree was obtained for both mecA and nuc gene sequences explaining the genetic evolutionary lineage. Present study analyzed the resistance mechanism of MRSA and to identify the gene responsible in order to control the re-emerging methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.
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- 2017
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17. Epidemiology, clinical profile and factors, predicting final visual outcome of pediatric ocular trauma in a tertiary eye care center of Central India
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Satendra Singh, Bhavana Sharma, Kavita Kumar, Aditi Dubey, and Kanchan Ahirwar
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Central India ,ocular trauma ,pediatric ,visual outcome ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Purpose: Ocular trauma constitutes an important cause of preventable visual morbidity worldwide. This study was done to study the incidence, sociodemographic pattern, and clinical profile of ocular trauma in pediatric age group. Also to evaluate the factors influencing final visual outcome in these patients. Methods: This was a prospective interventional study concerning ocular trauma in pediatric patients up to 16 years of age of either sex. Various variables having an impact on final visual outcome were studied, and results were analyzed using statistical indices – relative risk, Chi-square test, P value, and linear regression analysis. Results: A total of 220 cases of trauma were evaluated with the mean age being 8.74 ± 3.93 years, males were predominantly affected and open globe injuries outnumbered blunt injuries. Penetrating injuries accounted for 67.79% cases of open globe injury, rupture being the least (2.54%). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis executed, showed the best predictors in the descending order for final visual outcome were presenting visual acuity, size of corneal tear, type of injury, zone of injury, time period between injury and treatment with a variance of 35.9%, 6.3%, 5.3%, 3.7%, and 2.7%, respectively. All above variables were also found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) on Chi-square test. Conclusion: We report the first study on the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of pediatric ocular trauma in central India. Poor initial Visual Acuity and posterior segment involvement adversely affect the visual outcome. Early medical treatment and globe-salvaging repair should be done in all eyes suffering from trauma.
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- 2017
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18. Clinical empathy in medical students in India measured using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Student Version
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Anirban Chatterjee, Rajkrishna Ravikumar, Satendra Singh, Pranjal Singh Chauhan, and Manu Goel
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observational study ,medical students ,empathy ,india ,surveys and questionnaires ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical empathy of a cohort of medical students spanning 4 years of undergraduate study and to identify factors associated with empathy. Methods A cross-sectional study to assess the empathy of undergraduate medical students at the University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital in Delhi, India, was conducted using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Student Version. Demographic data were obtained using a pre-tested, semi-open-ended questionnaire. Results Of the 600 students, 418 participated in the survey (69.7%). The mean empathy score was 96.01 (of a maximum of 140), with a standard deviation of 14.56. The empathy scores decreased from the first to the third semester, plateaued at the fifth semester, and rose again in the seventh semester. Empathy was found to be significantly associated with the gender of the participant, with females having higher scores (P
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- 2017
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19. Promoting competence in undergraduate medical students through the humanities: The ABCDE Paradigm
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Satendra Singh, Navjeevan Singh, and Upreet Dhaliwal
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Attitude ,Behavior ,Communication ,Competency-based education ,Cultural diversity ,Empathy ,Humanities ,Education ,medical ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Abstract
Stakeholders, including patients and employers, find that skills pertaining to professionalism, humanism, diversity, communication, and ethics are as important for patient care as the doctor’s ability to diagnose and treat illness. Practitioners should be able to demonstrate these skills in real time, yet they are not explicitly taught in the medical course – students are expected to learn them through observation of role models. Some students may never witness such role modeling. Research suggests that the creative instincts of medical students could be utilized through exposure to the humanities to explicitly develop these skills. Medical educators worldwide are examining newer ways to actively train and assess learners in professionalism and related competencies. Using Rudyard Kipling’s “Five Ws and One H” guide to writing a scientific paper, we propose the ABCDE paradigm and demonstrate why it is most appropriate to use the medical humanities to teach professionalism and humanism.
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- 2015
20. India’s AIDS response: the missing voices of persons with disabilities
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Satendra Singh
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Blind ,Deaf ,Persons with disabilities ,Health services accessibility ,HIV/AIDS Programming ,HIV infections ,Sex factors ,Vulnerable population ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Abstract
India has the third largest number of people living with HIV in the world. The UNAIDS Gap report has identified twelve risk groups that are especially vulnerable and have been left behind from the national AIDS response. Of these twelve, one is persons with disabilities. Disability is both a public health issue and a human rights issue; persons with disabilities are the world’s largest minority. Low awareness, sexual abuse, and lack of access to health services are the major reasons for people with disabilities being vulnerable. While the gap report is a landmark report, in that it compartmentalizes the risk groups, disability cannot be looked at in isolation. Since any of the other risk groups may include persons with disabilities, the issue is a complex one meriting greater attention. The National AIDS Control Organization has completely ignored this group of persons. To efficiently close the gap, an integrated and disability-inclusive HIV response is needed so that people with different types of disabilities, their caretakers, healthcare professionals and society are empowered to fight the collective battle against HIV/AIDS.
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- 2015
21. Embracing brokenness
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Satendra Singh, MD
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Disability ,Empathy ,Nothing about us without us ,Social model of disability ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Published
- 2016
22. Multiple facets of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in neurological diseases
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Chandra Shaker Sriram, Ashok Jangra, Rajaram Mohanrao Madhana, Satendra Singh Gurjar, Pritam Mohan, and Babul Kumar Bezbaruah
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Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Published
- 2015
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23. Phobias in poetry: Coleridge′s ancient mariner
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Satendra Singh and Abha Khetarpal
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Post traumatic stress disorder ,phobias ,poetry ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner was written by Coleridge and is a classic poetry about retribution, punishment, guilt, and curse. Religious beliefs and delusions can arise from neurologic lesions and anomalous experiences, suggesting that at least some religious beliefs can be pathological. Looking at the poem through the psychiatric and psychological domain, the symbolism, the narration and the entire setting of the poem represents Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Mariner′s reactions are beautifully portrayed from the psychoanalytic point of view and the literary piece shows claustrophobia, stygiophobia, dikephobia, and poinephobia. The mental stress of a person under a crisis situation has remarkably been evoked in this poem. This incredible piece of art expresses how the realization of divine love within oneself has the power to heal pain and suffer.
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- 2012
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24. Visible Facebook profiles and e-professionalism in undergraduate medical students in India
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Setu Gupta, Satendra Singh, and Upreet Dhaliwal
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cross-sectional studies ,electronic mail ,friends ,india ,privacy ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to assess medical students’ presence on Facebook and the extent of their visible activity, with particular reference to online professionalism. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including all medical students enrolled in the University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, India during the period of the study, which was conducted from 2011 to 2012. After approval by the Institutional Ethical Committee, the full names of all students were obtained from our institution. After creating a fictitious profile, Facebook was searched for students’ profiles, and those found were examined for visible content and unprofessional behaviour. Results: Of 611 students, 477 (78.1%) had detectable Facebook profiles. Out of 477 profiles, date of birth, address, email, phone number, religion, and political views were rarely shared; sexual orientation and relationship status were displayed on approximately one third of the profiles; and an identifiable profile picture (80.3%), field of study (51.6%), and institution (86.2%) were commonly shared . The visible content included friend lists (88.7%), photo albums (36.1%), and associations with diverse groups and pages (97.1%). Five profiles (1.05%) displayed unprofessional content, including one profile photograph depicting alcohol consumption, one association with groups relating to excessive alcohol consumption, two profiles containing sexually explicit language, and one association with a sexist page. Conclusion: Most of our students use Facebook’s privacy settings to hide some content from others. Unprofessional content was rarely visible from a stranger’s profile. However, even when hidden from strangers, unprofessional behaviour is still unprofessional behaviour. As Facebook is an integral part of life, it is important for medical educators and students to understand the implications and importance of e-professionalism. Professionalism curricula should address e-professionalism.
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- 2015
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25. Near-peer mentoring to complement faculty mentoring of first-year medical students in India
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Satendra Singh, Navjeevan Singh, and Upreet Dhaliwal
- Subjects
counseling ,faculty ,medical education ,medical students ,mentors ,program development ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Purpose: The first year is stressful for new medical students who have to cope with curricular challenges, relocation issues, and separation from family. Mentoring reduces stress and facilitates adaptation. A program for faculty mentoring of first-semester students was initiated by the Medical Education Unit in 2009 at University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi. Feedback after the first year revealed that mentees were reluctant to meet their mentors, some of whom were senior faculty. In the following year, student mentors (near-peers) were recruited to see if that would improve the rate and quality of contact between mentees and mentors. Methods: Volunteer faculty (n=52), near-peers (n=57), and new entrants (n=148) admitted in 2010 participated in the ratio of 1:1:3. The program aims were explained through an open house meeting, for reinforcement, and another meeting was conducted 5 months later. At year-end, a feedback questionnaire was administered (response rate: faculty, 28 [54%]; mentees, 74 [50%]). Results: Many respondent faculty (27, 96%) and mentees (65, 88%) believed that near-peer mentoring was useful. Compared to the preceding year, the proportion of meetings between faculty mentors and mentees increased from 4.0±5.2 to 7.4±8.8; mentees who reported benefit increased from 23/78 (33%) to 34/74 (46%). Benefits resulted from mentors’ and near-peers’ demonstration of concern/support/interaction/counseling (35, 47.3% mentees); 23 mentees (82%) wanted to become near-peers themselves. Conclusion: Near-peer mentoring supplements faculty mentoring of first-year medical students by increasing system effectiveness.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Reaching people through medical humanities: An initiative
- Author
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Richa Gupta, Satendra Singh, and Mrinalini Kotru
- Subjects
Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Senior Resident Training on Educational Principles (STEP): A Proposed Innovative Step from a Developing Nation
- Author
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Satendra Singh
- Subjects
resident-as-teacher ,medical education unit ,pedagogical intervention ,adult training ,transfer of training ,andragogy ,senior residents ,medical residency ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Resident-as-teacher courses are pretty common in Western medical schools however they are a rarity in Asian and developing countries. The current report is a scholarly analysis of a three day orientation program for senior residents in order to improve their functioning by providing new template either for supplementing basic workshops for faculty or to advocate a change in system. The experience gained by Medical Education Unit of University College of Medical Sciences can be used to conduct training breeding grounds at national or regional levels. Resident as teachers educational interventions need to be designed taking into account their impact on education system.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Animation-Based Lectures in Renal Physiology: Transcendence into Metacognition
- Author
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Satendra Singh and Shikha Gautam
- Subjects
Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Intellectual disabilities and yoga
- Author
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Satendra Singh
- Subjects
Miscellaneous systems and treatments ,RZ409.7-999 - Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Multiple ingredients and not just spoonful of humanities
- Author
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Satendra Singh
- Subjects
Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Teaching the Teachers - Where next with Faculty Development?
- Author
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Satendra Singh
- Subjects
Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Toxicology. Poisons ,RA1190-1270 - Published
- 2010
32. Recent advances in physiological priming of spermatozoa
- Author
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Satendra Singh
- Subjects
Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Psychophysiological techniques and energy medicine
- Author
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Satendra Singh
- Subjects
Miscellaneous systems and treatments ,RZ409.7-999 - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater quality assessment in Ambagarh Chowki, Chhattisgarh, India
- Author
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Lal, Bharat, Sengar, Satendra Singh, Singh, Ramanand, Jhariya, Manoj Kumar, and Raj, Abhishek
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Sodium Phenylbutyrate and Edaravone Abrogate Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Behavioral Deficits: Implication of Oxido-Nitrosative, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Cascade, and Neuroinflammation
- Author
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Jangra, Ashok, Sriram, Chandra Shaker, Dwivedi, Shubham, Gurjar, Satendra Singh, Hussain, Md Iftikar, Borah, Probodh, and Lahkar, Mangala
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Honokiol abrogates chronic restraint stress-induced cognitive impairment and depressive-like behaviour by blocking endoplasmic reticulum stress in the hippocampus of mice
- Author
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Jangra, Ashok, Dwivedi, Shubham, Sriram, Chandra Shaker, Gurjar, Satendra Singh, Kwatra, Mohit, Sulakhiya, Kunjbihari, Baruah, Chandana C., and Lahkar, Mangala
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitor, 3-aminobenzamide pretreatment ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced neurobehavioral and neurochemical anomalies in mice
- Author
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Sriram, Chandra Shaker, Jangra, Ashok, Gurjar, Satendra Singh, Hussain, Md Iftikar, Borah, Probodh, Lahkar, Mangala, Mohan, Pritam, and Bezbaruah, Babul Kumar
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. "Comparison of post operative analgesia and haemodynamic change of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine, 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with clonidine and 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with magnesium sulphate in lower abdominal surgical procedure under spinal anaesthesia".
- Author
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Raghuvanshi, Gaurav, Yadav, Satendra Singh, Singhal, Shakti, and Kothari, Dilip
- Subjects
- *
BRACHIAL plexus block , *MAGNESIUM sulfate , *BUPIVACAINE , *CLONIDINE , *OPERATIVE surgery , *HEMODYNAMICS - Abstract
Introduction: In spinal anesthesia local anesthetic is placed directly in the intrathecal space.It requires a small amount of drug to produce profound, rapid, but finite sensory analgesia.It is used for surgery to the lower abdominal, pelvic region, lower limbs and cesarean section. Aims and objectives: The study will be conducted in patients scheduled for lower abdominal surgical procedure done under spinal anesthesia to assess the efficacy of 0.5% Bupivacaine heavy, 0.5% Bupivacaine heavy with clonidine and 0.5% Bupivacaine heavy with magnesium sulphate in spinal anesthesia.To observe any untoward side effects and complications associated with the study drugs and technique, and to find out which combination is best. Material and methods: All included 111 patients were randomly divided by envelop method into 3 groups of 37 patients each as follows:- Group B (n=37) 15 mg 0.5% bupivacaine heavy with 1 ml normal saline, GroupBC(n=37) 15 mg 0.5% bupivacaine heavy with 30 mcg clonidine and Group BM (n=37) 15 mg 0.5% bupivacaine heavy with 50 mg magnesium sulphate for subarachnoid block. Result: Clonidine as adjuvant with bupivacaine intrathecally potentiate the sensory and motor blockade, prolong the duration of analgesia without effecting the haemodynamic parameters as compared to bupivacaine with magnesium and bupivacaine alone. Magnesium sulphate when used as an adjuvant to bupivacaine intrathecally the onset of sensory and motor block is delayed but it prolong the duration of sensory and motor blockade,improve the analgesic effect of spinal anaesthesia when compared to bupivacaine alone. Conclusion: We concluded that when clonidine used as an adjuvant with bupivacaine it potentiate the sensory and motor blockade effect of bupivacaine and prolong the duration of post operative analgesia without any significant side effects as compared to magnesium sulphate with bupivacaine and bupivacaine alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
39. Two new quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes with 3-time slots for LTE-Advanced.
- Author
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Thakur, Narendra Singh, Bhatia, Rinku, and Thakur, Satendra Singh
- Abstract
In this paper, we propose two new quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes (QOSTBCs) with three time slots for two transmit antennas. We also derive corresponding decoders for each of the proposed codes. While one decoder fecilitates joint detection, other one allows symbol-wise detection with additional pre-processing. One code provides better bit error rate (BER) performance than one of the existing QOSTBCs with three time slots and two transmit antennas. The other code requires lesser power and performs neary same as one of the existing QOSTBCs with three time-slots and two transmit antennas. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Edaravone abrogates LPS-induced behavioral anomalies, neuroinflammation and PARP-1.
- Author
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Sriram, Chandra Shaker, Jangra, Ashok, Gurjar, Satendra Singh, Mohan, Pritam, and Bezbaruah, Babul Kumar
- Subjects
- *
ANTIPYRINE , *POLYMERASES , *NEURAL physiology , *INFLAMMATION , *LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES ,IMMUNE system physiology - Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a DNA nick-sensor enzyme that functions at the center of cellular stress response and affects the immune system at several key points, and thus modulates inflammatory diseases. Our previous study demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behavior in mice can be ameliorated by 3-aminobenzamide, which is a PARP-1 inhibitor. In the present study we've examined the effect of a free radical scavenger, edaravone pretreatment against LPS-induced anxiety and depressive-like behavior as well as various hippocampal biochemical parameters including PARP-1. Male Swiss albino mice were treated with edaravone (3 & 10 mg/kg i.p.) once daily for 14 days. On the 14th day 30 min after edaravone treatment mice were challenged with LPS (1 mg/kg i.p.). After 3 h and 24 h of LPS administration we've tested mice for anxiety and depressive-like behaviors respectively. Western blotting analysis of PARP-1 in hippocampus was carried out after 12 h of LPS administration. Moreover, after 24 h of LPS administration serum corticosterone, hippocampal BDNF, oxido-nitrosative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines were estimated by ELISA. Results showed that pretreatment of edaravone (10 mg/kg) ameliorates LPS-induced anxiety and depressive-like behavior. Western blotting analysis showed that LPS-induced anomalous expression of PARP-1 significantly reverses by the pretreatment of edaravone (10 mg/kg). Biochemical analyses revealed that LPS significantly diminishes BDNF, increases pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxido-nitrosative stress in the hippocampus. However, pretreatment with edaravone (10 mg/kg) prominently reversed all these biochemical alterations. Our study emphasized that edaravone pretreatment prevents LPS-induced anxiety and depressive-like behavior, mainly by impeding the inflammation, oxido-nitrosative stress and PARP-1 overexpression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Cognitive deficits induced by combined exposure of stress and alcohol mediated through oxidative stress-PARP pathway in the hippocampus.
- Author
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Pant, Rajat, Jangra, Ashok, Kwatra, Mohit, Singh, Tavleen, Kushwah, Pawan, Bezbaruah, Babul Kumar, Gurjar, Satendra Singh, and Phukan, Swopna
- Subjects
- *
COGNITION disorders treatment , *OXIDATIVE stress , *POLY ADP ribose , *NEUROCHEMISTRY , *IMMOBILIZATION stress - Abstract
Several studies reported that stress can enhance the consumption of alcohol in humans and animals. However, the combinatorial effect of stress and alcohol on cognitive function and neurochemical alterations is quite understudied. In the present study, we have elucidated the involvement of oxidative stress-PARP cascade in alcohol and restraint stress (RS)-exposed animals using a PARP inhibitor, 1,5-isoquinolinediol (3 mg/kg for 14 days). Male Swiss albino mice were given alcohol (ALC) or RS (2 h per day) or both in ALC + RS group for 28 days. Behavioral analysis revealed cognitive dysfunction in ALC + RS group. Furthermore, oxidative stress and raised level of pro-inflammatory cytokines were found in the hippocampus region of ALC + RS group. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR showed overactivation of PARP-1 gene in ALC + RS group. 1,5-isoquinolinediol treatment significantly prevented cognitive deficits and aforementioned neurochemical alterations. Overall, our findings showed that ALC + RS exerted deleterious effects on the hippocampus which involves oxidative stress-PARP overactivation cascade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Effect of dominant rhizosphere mycoflora on seed germination of Dolichos lablab (L.)
- Author
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Meena, Satendra Singh and Agrawal, R. D.
- Published
- 2011
43. Lipopolysaccharide induced anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour in mice are prevented by chronic pre-treatment of esculetin.
- Author
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Sulakhiya, Kunjbihari, Keshavlal, Gohil Pratik, Bezbaruah, Babul B., Dwivedi, Shubham, Gurjar, Satendra Singh, Munde, Nitin, Jangra, Ashok, Lahkar, Mangala, and Gogoi, Ranadeep
- Subjects
- *
BEHAVIOR , *MENTAL depression , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *ANXIETY , *LABORATORY mice - Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are involved in the pathophysiology of anxiety and depression. Esculetin (ESC), a coumarin derived potent antioxidant, also possessing anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity. This study investigated the effect of ESC in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour in mice. ESC (25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered daily for 14 days, and challenged with saline or LPS (0.83 mg/kg; i.p.) on the 15th day. Behavioural paradigms such as elevated plus maze (EPM), open field test (OFT), forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were employed to assess anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour in mice post-LPS injection. Hippocampal cytokines, MDA and GSH level, and plasma corticosterone (CORT) were measured. ESC pre-treatment significantly ( P < 0.05) attenuated LPS-induced anxiety-like behaviour by modulating EPM and OFT parameters. Moreover, LPS-induced increase in immobility time in FST and TST were also prevented significantly ( P < 0.05) by ESC (50 mg/kg). ESC pre-treatment ameliorated LPS-induced neuroinflammation by attenuating brain IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α level, and oxidative stress as well as plasma CORT level. In conclusion, the results suggest that ESC prevented LPS-induced anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour which may be governed by inhibition of cytokine production, oxidative stress and plasma CORT level. The results support the potential usefulness of ESC in the treatment of psychiatric disorders associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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