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1. Yield Assessment of Maize Varieties under Varied Water Application in Semi-Arid Conditions of Southern Mozambique

Author

Alfredo Nhantumbo, Sebastião Famba, Isaac Fandika, Armindo Cambule, and Elijah Phiri

Subjects
genotype-environment interaction, water regime, semi-arid climate, maize yield stability, Agriculture
Abstract

Maize is one of the most important staple food crops in Mozambique. Its production is country-wise dominated by smallholder farmers (more than 90%) under rain-fed conditions, where the risk of crop failure is high, especially under semi-arid conditions in southern Mozambique. Several maize genotypes have been developed for the broad agro-ecological zone adaptation but lack strong evidence about their productivity and yield stability to support decision-making in farming systems. In order to assess the yield and yield stability of maize genotypes under different environments, five identical on-station trials were implemented in the period 2017 to 2019, covering summer and winter seasons in the semi-arid region of southern Mozambique. The trials were established at the experimental station of the Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (UEM) in Sábie and at the Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique (IIAM) in Chókwe. A strip-plot design in a randomized complete block arrangement with 15 maize genotypes, and three water application (rainfall plus irrigation) levels in four replications was followed in a line-source irrigation arrangement. The water application levels varied from 151 mm to 804 mm, covering different water regimes. Under well-watered summer conditions, the genotypes G6 and G12 showed high yield and high grain yield stability. In the drier conditions, either in summer or winter, the G2 and G11 genotypes produced higher grain yield but with low stability. Both groups of genotypes have a high potential to be included in technology transfer packages to smallholder farmers to address food security or large-scale commercial farmers differently.

Published
2021
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2. Transdisciplinary innovation in irrigated smallholder agriculture in africa

Author

Serge Marlet, Salia Hanafi, Philippe Ker Rault, Tarek Ajmi, Bandiougou Diawara, Yacouba M. Coulibaly, Jochen Froebrich, Elijah Phiri, Aleksandra Dolinska, Nathaniel Mason, Cai Xueliang, Benson H. Chishala, Christy van Beek, Beatrice Mosello, Insaf Mekki, Joris de Vente, Mohammed Dicko, Constansia D Musvoto, Sebastião Famba, Willem de Clercq, Eva Ludi, Nebo Jovanovic, Naomi Oates, Maite Sánchez Reparaz, Andrei Rozanov, Solomon Habtu, Sami Bouarfa, Chizumba Shepande, Angel De Miguel Garcia, Bréhima Tangara, Teklu Erkossa, Abdelaziz Zairi, Kees van't Klooster, Maria Roble, Sékou Bah, Hanneke Heesmans, Dominique Rollin, Haithem Bahri, Julia Harper, Jean Emmanuel Rougier, Ludivine Pradeleix, Rami Albasha, Bruno Cheviron, Marlene de Witt, Jean Claude Mailhol, Gonzalo G. Barberá, Degol Fissahaye, Alice M. Mweetwa, Erik Querner, Raphaëlle Ducrot, Jean-Yves Jamin, Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra), Overseas Development Institute, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Council for Scientific and Industrial Research [Pretoria] (CSIR), Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), Centro de Edafologia y Biologia aplicada del Segura (CEBAS - CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University of Zambia [Lusaka] (UNZA), Stellenbosch University, Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications - INRS (EMT-INRS), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), INSTITUT D'ECONOMIE RURALE BAMAKO MLI, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Lisode, Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), German International Cooperation, NUNIVERSIDADE EDUARDO MONDLANE MAPUTO MOZ, Mekelle University, Adelphi, University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Technical University of Cartagena (UPTC), IER Niono, Mali, Institut d'Economie Rurale du Mali - CRRA Niono (IER - Niono), IER-IER, Cebas-Csic, International Water Management Institute [CGIAR, Sri Lanka] (IWMI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Institute for Water Education (IHE Delft ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Columbia University [New York], Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena / Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), National funding organizations, especially in Ethiopia, Mozambique, South Africa, Mali and Tunisia, to co-finance staff, infrastructure and activities., European Project: 265471,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-AFRICA-2010,EAU4FOOD(2011), and European Project: 688320,H2020,H2020-WATER-2015-two-stage,MADFORWATER(2016)

Subjects
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, 0208 environmental biotechnology, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Water en Voedsel, 02 engineering and technology, Commission, irrigation, recherche participative, Research process, Engineering, smallholder farming, F06 - Irrigation, Environmental planning, 2. Zero hunger, Food security, E90 - Structure agraire, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, transdisciplinary approach, Agriculture, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, PE&RC, Water resource management, Drainage, agriculture familiale, Exploitation agricole familiale, Soil Science, Time frame, transdisciplinary approach, participatory innovation, smallholder farming, irrigation, approche transdisciplinaire, innovation participative, petites exploitations agricoles, irrigation, Recherche sur les systèmes agraires, 12. Responsible consumption, Farm level, Innovation, WIMEK, Water and Food, business.industry, 020801 environmental engineering, smallholder farming, irrigation, Climate Resilience, participatory innovation, Klimaatbestendigheid, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

SI; International audience; Boosting the productivity of smallholder farming systems continues to be a major need in Africa. Challenges relating to how to improve irrigation are multi‐factor and multisectoral, and they involve a broad range of actors who must interact to reach decisions collectively. We provide a systematic reflection on findings from the research project EAU4Food, which adopted a transdisciplinary approach to irrigation for food security research in five case studies in Ethiopia, Mali, Mozambique, South Africa and Tunisia. The EAU4Food experiences emphasize that actual innovation at irrigated smallholder farm level remains limited without sufficient improvement of the enabling environment and taking note of the wider political economy environment. Most project partners felt at the end of the project that the transdisciplinary approach has indeed enriched the research process by providing different and multiple insights from actors outside the academic field. Local capacity to facilitate transdisciplinary research and engagement with practitioners was developed and could support the continuation and scaling up of the approach. Future projects may benefit from a longer time frame to allow for deeper exchange of lessons learned among different stakeholders and a dedicated effort to analyse possible improvements of the enabling environment from the beginning of the research process. © 2020 The Authors. Irrigation and Drainage published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Commission for Irrigation and Drainage

Published
2020
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3. UPSCALING MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS IN A LARGE-SCALE IRRIGATION SCHEME TO SOLVE DRAINAGE ISSUES: GOING BEYOND A MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVE

Author

Sebastião Famba, Masahiro Otake, Asako Riera, Rafael Nguenha, and Raphaëlle Ducrot

Subjects
Irrigation, education.field_of_study, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Population, Equity (finance), Soil Science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Environmental economics, 01 natural sciences, Scheduling (computing), Intervention (law), Politics, Scale (social sciences), 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Business, Drainage, education, Agronomy and Crop Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

In large‐scale irrigation schemes built in flood plains the state of the drainage systems not only affects the performance of irrigation but also the quality of life of the population. However, maintenance of the drainage infrastructure is often neglected. This paper draws from two transdisciplinary interventions dealing with the maintenance of drainage infrastructure in the Chokwe Irrigation Scheme in Mozambique: one tested an experimental intervention that called on farmers and experts to solve local drainage issues. The other used a participatory mapping, modelling and simulation approach to discuss the barriers to upscaling different solutions at scheme levels. Managerial issues such as a good communication between actors, a good match between tasks and resources, and the scheduling of maintenance activities were important, but the most difficult challenge was addressing the underlying economic, social and political drivers that affected the relationships between actors and consequently their willingness to cooperate. Thus, the development of perennial solutions calls for (re)internalization of the social and political dimensions in scheme management and to rethink the issue of equity not as a moral injunction but as a condition for irrigation success.

Published
2018
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