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Seble Mesfin,1 Mekbeb Afework,2 Dereje Bikila,3 Alemayehu Tessema,4 Midekso Sento1 1Department of Biomedical Science, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Eastern Ethiopia; 2Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Health science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 3Department of Nursing, Arsi University College of Health Science, Assela, Ethiopia; 4Department of Pediatrics, Adama Comprehensive specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Eastern EthiopiaCorrespondence: Seble Mesfin; Mekbeb Afework, Tel +983501666 ; +911411285, Email seblemesfin87@gmail.com; m.afework@yahoo.comBackground: Vernix caseosa is a complex proteolipid material synthesized partly by fetal sebaceous glands during the last trimester of pregnancy. Understanding the structure and function of newborn skin is crucial for determining optimal thermal support, infection control, and skin moisturization. So far, in Ethiopia, there is no research done related to the distribution of vernix caseosa and associated factors on newborn skin. Doing such research could give awareness about factors associated with the distribution of vernix caseosa on newborns’ skin and to take necessary protective measures for those that may be affected.Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the distribution of vernix caseosa and associated factors among newborns delivered at Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College from November to December 1, 2021.Methodology: Hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from November to December 1, 2021 at Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College (ACSHMC). Four hundred twenty-two eligible newborns were selected by a systematic sampling method. Data were collected by four data collectors by using a pretested questionnaire. The distribution of vernix caseosa on the different regions of the neonate was assessed, by exposing their whole body for a minute. Data entry was done by EPI data version 4.6 and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. A logistic regression of P-value of < 0.25 during bivariate and P < 0.05 during multivariate analysis at a 95% confidence level was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of 422 study participants 231 (54.7%) with 95% CI (49.8, 59.8) babies had vernix caseosa. Being primiparous with (AOR = 1.9, PV = 0.013, 95% CI: 1.141, 2.92), being multiparous with (AOR = 1.98, PV = 0.04, CI: 1.29, 3.225), being females with (AOR = 2.1, PV = 0.001, CI: 1.39, 3.18), being preterm with (AOR = 2.98, PV = 0.036, 95% CI: 1.08, 10.72), non-diseased newborns with (AOR = 1.6, PV = 0.046, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.7) were identified as associated factors for the distribution of vernix caseosa on the newborn skin.Conclusion: This study showed that the distribution of vernix caseosa on the skin of the newborns was associated with parity, sex, gestational age, and absence of disease.Keywords: epidermal barrier, stratum corneum, vernix caseosa

PurposeTo investigate whether inflammatory responses are more severe in uveitic eyes than nonuveitic eyes when acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) is implanted after cataract surgery.MethodsClear lens removal (phacoemulsification and aspiration) was conducted and the hydrophobic acrylic IOL (AR40e, AMO) was implanted in adult albino rabbits. Just after the operation, rabbits were divided into two groups. One group (nine rabbits) received intravitreal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 200 ng/10 μl) into both eyes to induce endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) and the other group (nine rabbits) received intravitreal injection of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, 10 μl) into both eyes as the control. Aqueous humour (AH) and IOLs were harvested 1, 3 , and 7 days after the intravitreal injection. The infiltrating cell number in AH was counted and the protein concentration of AH was measured. IOLs were evaluated morphologically.ResultsAt 1 day after intravitreal injection, both the infiltrating cell number in AH and protein concentration of AH were significantly higher in the LPS-injected group than in the PBS-injected group. Similarly, more inflammatory cells attached to the surfaces of the IOLs in the LPS-injected group. However, 7 days later, inflammatory reactions subsided and no clear differences in any of the parameters examined were observed between the two groups.ConclusionsAt 7 days after the operation, inflammatory reactions in eyes implanted with the hydrophobic acrylic IOLs were similar in uveitic eyes and nonuveitic eyes. The data suggest that the hydrophobic acrylic IOLs may be suitable for patients with uveitis.Eye (2006) 20, 606–610. doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6701975; published online 17 June 2005 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]