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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to address the significant challenge of optimizing the placement of digital television signal booster towers to ensure quality coverage and equitable access to high-quality media services in today’s digital landscape. This paper introduces a novel multi-criteria decision-making method, named Evaluation based on Distance from Ideal Solution (EDIS), inspired by the EDAS method, aimed at enhancing decision-making processes in this context.Methodology: The EDIS method is utilized for the optimal placement of digital television signal booster towers. The method considers various cost and benefit criteria, including annual maintenance cost, tower price, signal sensitivity and boosting power, unmet quality standards, operator complexity level, and interference resistance, to determine the most suitable locations for tower placement.Findings: The application of the EDIS method to a real-world case study demonstrates significant improvements in decision-making accuracy and efficiency over existing methods, offering enhanced support for optimal decision-making in the placement of digital television signal booster towers.Originality/Value: The proposed EDIS method presents a novel multi-criteria decision-making tool that combines innovative features with advanced optimization capabilities. It contributes significant scientific value to the field by providing an effective solution for optimizing the location of digital television signal booster towers, thereby enhancing decision-making processes in this domain.

Gender stereotype threat is a sociocultural variable that has received significant attention over the past two decades. We explored whether presenting a task as a practical and challenging activity would reduce the negative impact of implicit activation of gender stereotype threat on motor learning in adolescent girls. Forty-five adolescent girls (M[subscript age] ± SD: 13.24 ± 1.06) participated in the study and were asked to throw a tennis ball toward a circular target using their nondominant hand. They were asked to perform five throws as an initial assessment and then were randomly assigned to three groups: IS/CH (i.e., implicit stereotype threat activation and framing the task as a challenge), IS/TH (i.e., implicit stereotype threat activation and framing the task as a threat), and the control (with no instructions). In the IS/CH and IS/TH groups, the participants performed the acquisition phase (five blocks of 10 trials) in the presence of a male evaluator. We used verbal instructions to frame the task as a practical and challenging activity (i.e., learning this task might be a big help in physical education classes in school because it improves throwing skills, and it will help improve control over the nondominant arm which is important in daily activities) and/or threat (i.e., show how good you are on this type of task, and based on your scores, we will be able to measure your natural ability at throwing tasks) before the acquisition phase. One day after the acquisition phase, participants were asked to participate in the retention (10 throws) and transfer tests (10 throws from a distance of 6.5 m). Our findings demonstrated that participants in the control group were able to achieve more effective learning compared with participants in the IS/TH and IS/CH groups. Possible reasons for these results were discussed.

Aim and Background: Students with learning disabilities are at a lower level in terms of emotional development and social adjustment compared to normal students. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of therapeutic intervention and life skills training on social adjustment of students with dictation disorder. Methods and Materials: The current research was a semi-experiment with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all the male and female students of the elementary third, fourth and fifth grades of the 3rd district of Tehran city in the academic year of 2021-2022 who were suffering from dictation disorder 20 students were selected using available sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental (10 people) and control (10 pepole) groups. The instrument of this study included Falah Chai's written test (1995), Wechsler intelligence scale for children fourth edition (1947), and Sinha and Singh adjustment questionnaire (1993). The experimental group received the training on life skills and treatment of dictation disorder during 8 sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Analysis of multivariate covariance test was used to analyze the research data All statistical operations of the research were considered using SPSS version 24 software with a significance level of P

Effect modification (EM) may cause bias in network meta-analysis (NMA). Existing population adjustment NMA methods use individual patient data to adjust for EM but disregard available subgroup information from aggregated data in the evidence network. Additionally, these methods often rely on the shared effect modification (SEM) assumption. In this paper, we propose Network Meta-Interpolation (NMI): a method using subgroup analyses to adjust for EM that does not assume SEM. NMI balances effect modifiers across studies by turning treatment effect (TE) estimates at the subgroup- and study level into TE and standard errors at EM values common to all studies. In an extensive simulation study, we simulate two evidence networks consisting of four treatments, and assess the impact of departure from the SEM assumption, variable EM correlation across trials, trial sample size and network size. NMI was compared to standard NMA, network meta-regression (NMR) and Multilevel NMR (ML-NMR) in terms of estimation accuracy and credible interval (CrI) coverage. In the base case non-SEM dataset, NMI achieved the highest estimation accuracy with root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.228, followed by standard NMA (0.241), ML-NMR (0.447) and NMR (0.541). In the SEM dataset, NMI was again the most accurate method with RMSE of 0.222, followed by ML-NMR (0.255). CrI coverage followed a similar pattern. NMI's dominance in terms of estimation accuracy and CrI coverage appeared to be consistent across all scenarios. NMI represents an effective option for NMA in the presence of study imbalance and available subgroup data.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to provide a hybrid and improved version of one of the Multi-Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) methods, which is a more useful tool for decision support due to the constructive interaction with the decision-maker.Methodology: For this purpose, a linear programming problem with weight restriction and discrimination intensity functions was used to present the improved WASPAS method, and thus, when the explicit weight for the indicators was not taken from the decision maker, it was possible to rank the options.Findings: The results of comparing the use of the proposed method with the WASPAS method showed that this method has a good capability for use in multi-criteria decision making problems and in this particular issue, the results of using this method showed that in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic, the supportive leadership style had the highest rank among the leadership styles, followed by the transactional leadership, participatory, transformational and was placed authoritative.Originality/Value: In this study, the improved WASPAS method was presented to determine the priority and weight of criteria in solving MADM problems and to determine the organizational leadership style in the Covid-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to identify the relationship between media diplomacy and dimensions of the tourism industry from the viewpoints of experts and media proprietors. Methodology: To achieve the mentioned purpose, this research was conducted through quantitative approach using statistical regression tests. The statistical population included official experts and media proprietors. The sample size consisted of 250 individuals, and the sampling method was non-probability and purposive. Findings: Based on the results, six indicators of the tourism industry including foreign investment, health tourism content creation, urban symbols branding, soft power, feeling of security and urban identity have been counted. The results of data analysis show that most dimensions of the media diplomacy influence the tourism industry. Originality: This research develops the existing literature in the field of tourism by presenting a media diplomacy evaluation model based on the indicators of the tourism industry and helps to identify the characteristics of media diplomacy effectiveness. Implications: Rrecommendations of the current research include the preparation of tourism re-education texts on the bases of media indicators, the establishment of a tourism university and related fields such as tourism journalism, and the development of tourism knowledge of tourism officials and planners based on media approaches.

The multi-generation systems with simultaneous production of power by renewable energy, in addition to polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer and fuel cell (PEMFC-PEMEC) energy storage, have become more and more popular over the past few years. The fresh water provision for PEMECs in such systems is taken into account as one of the main challenges for them, where conventional desalination technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO) and mechanical vapor compression (MVC) impose high electricity consumption and costs. Taking this point into consideration, as a novelty, solar still (ST) desalination is applied as an alternative to RO and MVC for better techno-economic justifiability. The comparison, made for a residential building complex in Hawaii in the US as the case study demonstrated much higher technical and economic benefits when using ST compared with both MVC and RO. The photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity decreased by 11.6 and 7.3 kW compared with MVC and RO, while the size of the electrolyzer declined by 9.44 and 6.13%, and the hydrogen storage tank became 522.1 and 319.3 m3 smaller, respectively. Thanks to the considerable drop in the purchase price of components, the payback period (PBP) dropped by 3.109 years compared with MVC and 2.801 years compared with RO, which is significant. Moreover, the conducted parametric study implied the high technical and economic viability of the system with ST for a wide range of building loads, including high values.

The philosophy of transhumanism is a theory close to artificial intelligence, which is mostly seen in the form of science fiction movies, and based on it, with the help of artificial intelligence, human intelligence and physiology have been modified and increased, and as a result, we will see a new advanced human. This theory looks at the future of artificial intelligence from the perspective of threats and presents a picture of the future of man that has been more influential in sciences such as biomedical technology, sociology, psychology, art and philosophy more than other sciences. This theory has also been named as "the most dangerous idea in the world" by theorists such as "Francis Fukuyama". For this reason, considering that transhumanism covers a wide range of ideas, it was necessary to address this issue. Based on this, using available scientific data and theorists' opinions, we investigated this meta-technology based on artificial intelligence from the approach of cognitive and philosophical sciences. In this article, inspired by the hypotheses of Le Breton (2008) and using the descriptive-analytical method, this theory has been examined. It also answers the question of what is the position of man in the era of transhumanism and how the combination of the two will be in the future. This article also discusses technological determinism and social ethics at the time of the emergence of robots with human capabilities.

Introduction:Child abuse and neglect is a public health challenge with lifelong consequences for survivors. Physicians’ knowledge regarding child abuse and neglect is essential for diagnosis, treatment, and timely referral to legal authorities. This study aimed to determine pediatric residents’ and pediatricians’ knowledge and attitude regarding child abuse and neglect.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, pediatric residents› and pediatricians› knowledge and attitude regarding child abuse and neglect were measured using a standard questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. In this questionnaire, knowledge score ranged from 0 to 17, and attitude score ranged from 10 to 50. After collecting the questionnaires and calculating the scores, the information was entered into the SPSS software (version 22), and statistical analysis was performed.Results: A total of 80 participants, including 38 pediatric residents and 42 pediatricians, participated in this research. Among them, 71.3% were female, and 28.8% were male. The mean score of knowledge and attitude in all participants was 14.05 ± 1.88 out of 17 and 41.39 ± 4.36 out of 50, respectively. The mean score in the pediatric residents and pediatricians was 13.42 ± 2.02. and 14.62 ± 1.57 for knowledge and 40.66 ± 4.32 and 42.05 ± 4.35 for attitude, respectively. Regarding knowledge, 19 participants (23.8%) had a good score, 35 (43.8%) had a moderate score, and 26 (32.5%) had a poor score (p=0.24). There was a significant difference in terms of knowledge score among four academic groups (first-year resident, second-year resident, third-year resident, and pediatrician) (p=0.031), as the score wassignificantly higher in pediatricians than in residents (p=0.004). However, no significant difference was observed for attitude score (p=0.056). In general, and regarding all participants, no significant relationship was observed between attitude score and knowledge score (p=0.059).Conclusion: Most pediatric residents and pediatricians participating in the present study had moderate knowledge and attitude toward child abuse and neglect, and less than a quarter of the participants had good knowledge in this regard. Also, the pediatricians had significantly higher knowledge scores than the pediatric residents. These results emphasize the importance of more education for pediatric residents regarding child abuse and neglect and continuing education programs for pediatricians.

Background: Today, the influence of the media on the moral relations of individuals at the interpersonal and social level is an important part of the field of social sciences. The structure of TV talk shows is one of the most influential programs in the lifestyle and behavior of the audience. Therefore, the present study was formed with the aim of designing a branding model for a television talk show with an emphasis on ethical and social factors. Method: This is a qualitative research in terms of the purpose of applied research and exploratory research that used the Grand Theory method. The community included media professionals and TV producers and programmers, from whom 30 people were selected as a sample by the method of snowball and achieving theoretical saturation. It was an in-depth interview tool. And data were analyzed using selective open-axis coding method. Results: The findings showed that 51 open codes in 14 central dimensions affect the branding of television talk show. Conclusion: Based on the model obtained from the present study, in order to brand a television program, it is very important to observe ethical components as a central category. This central category is influenced by causal conditions such as the identity of the program and the professional ethics of managers, and with strategies such as incentive and punitive policies, the development of ethical policies and continuous improvement can be approached to the ultimate goal of branding. However, it should be noted that this way political, cultural, social and economic factors intervene, and contextual issues such as center management, conflict of interest and communication channels should also be considered.

Aim: This research evaluated standard Weibull mixture cure (WMC) network meta-analysis (NMA) with Bayesian hierarchical (BH)WMCNMAto inform long-term survival of therapies. Materials & methods: Four trials in previously treated metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer with PD-L1 >1% were used comparing docetaxel with nivolumab, pembrolizumab and atezolizumab. Cure parameters related to a certain treatment class were assumed to share a common distribution. Results: Standard WMC NMA predicted cure rates were 0.03 (0.01; 0.07), 0.18 (0.12; 0.24), 0.07 (0.02; 0.15) and 0.03 (0.00; 0.09) for docetaxel, nivolumab, pembrolizumab and atezolizumab, respectively,with corresponding incremental life years (LY) of 3.11 (1.65; 4.66), 1.06 (0.41; 2.37) and 0.42 (-0.57; 1.68). The Bayesian hierarchical-WMC-NMA rates were 0.06 (0.03; 0.10), 0.17 (0.11; 0.23), 0.12 (0.05; 0.20) and 0.12 (0.03; 0.23), respectively, with incremental LY of 2.35 (1.04; 3.93), 1.67 (0.68; 2.96) and 1.36 (-0.05; 3.64). Conclusion: BH-WMC-NMA impacts incremental mean LYs and cost–effectiveness ratios, potentially affecting reimbursement decisions.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between media literacy and the level of acceptance of rumors among social media audiences. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive research method. The statistical population of this study consists of all active members of Instagram and Telegram social networks. To select the sample, quota sampling method was used and 360 people were selected as the sample. Field and library methods were used to collect data and the tool used was a questionnaire. Ghorbani, Newsha and Shaterian (2016) Media Literacy Questionnaire, which measures the three components of diversity and skills of use, collection and production of information and critical view, and Kim and Buck Rumble Acceptance Questionnaire (2010) with 5 transfer factors Rumor, reasoning, negative emotions, source credibility, belief formation were selected. Content validity was used to determine the validity of the research instrument and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the instrument. In order to analyze the collected data, descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, variance and standard deviation) and inferential statistical tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-sample t, Pearson correlation, regression, one-way analysis of variance) were used. Action was taken. The results obtained from data analysis showed: The media literacy of virtual network users is average; the acceptance rate of rumors is above average; there is a significant and inverse relationship between media literacy and its components with the acceptance of rumors among users and shows the coefficient of determination obtained. About 35% of the changes in the acceptance of rumors among users are due to their lack of media literacy; among the components of media literacy; all three components have the power to predict the acceptance of rumors, the diversity and the skill of using, gathering and producing information and the critical eye.

Linear Assignment (LAM) is one of the Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) methods that uses integer programming models in the solution process. In this method, only the final priority of the alternatives is determined and the distance between the alternatives is not clear. The purpose of this paper is to modify this method so that instead of the final priority of the alternatives, the final weight of the alternatives is presented. This is done using a linear programming model of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In this paper, we propose a hybrid MADM-DEA method called Linear Assignment Voting (VLAM). The new method is explained with a numerical example. The method will then be implemented on a problem in the real world to demonstrate the application of the method. In this case study, VLAM demonstrates the prioritization of models proposed by experts for the purchase of excavators in a road construction company. Also, based on the results of this method, the weight of the first, second and third priorities are 0.39, 0.35 and 0.26, respectively. These results increase the decision maker's power in making the final decision and choice.

Social media have provided brand-new capacities for affecting users, and leading them toward social action. The aim of the current research was to develop a model of factors affecting opinion leadership of social media users in creating social action. To this end, a correlational design was adopted to describe the relationship between predictor varibels of leader’s reputation and attractiveness, expertise, normativity, social status, similarity to users, official media, message characteristics, the users’ influenceability, and criterion variable of dissemination of calls for social action, and simultaneous social action on Instagram social media. A researcher-developed questionnaire which its validity and reliability were confirmed, was filled out by 393 participants. Cronbach’s Alpha for all sub-scales, except for one, was greater than .70. The current research findings showed that opinion leadership on social media did not directly affect the simultaneous social action of users, rather, its influence was mediated by opinion leader’s “reputation and attractiveness”, “users’ influenceability”, and “dissemination of calls for social action”. Also, “message characteristics” had the greatest effect on the opinion leadership. The findings can be employed by educational and scientific centers, and institutions responsible for contect production and dissemination, to create simultaneous social action through opinion leadership.

Today, despite many benefits of cloud computing technology, including cost savings, agility, increased flexibility and scalability the issue of information security is the main obstacle to the tendency of organizations towards cloud computing. In addition to infrastructure issues and political factors in Iran, there are many security risks in cloud computing technology. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to extract and rank these security risks. In this regard, by studying the theoretical foundations related to the research topic, these factors are extracted and categorized according to the opinion of experts, and then by designing questionnaires of different pairwise comparisons, collecting comments and combining different weighting methods based on pairwise comparisons by Copeland aggregation method, security risks were ranked. In this ranking, data privacy risk was the first priority of cloud computing security risks.

In this paper, we present a constructive description of the function space of all real-valued functions on R(F(R,R)) by presenting a partition of it into 28 distinct blocks and a closed-form formula for the representative function of each of them. Each block contains elements that share common features in terms of the cardinality of their sets of continuity and differentiability. Alongside this classification, we introduce the concept of the Connection, which reveals a special relationship structure between the well-known representatives of four of the blocks: the Cantor function, the Dirichlet function, the Thomae function, and the Weierstrass function. Despite the significance of this field, several perspectives remain unexplored.

Gender stereotype threat is a sociocultural variable that has received significant attention over the past two decades. We explored whether presenting a task as a practical and challenging activity would reduce the negative impact of implicit activation of gender stereotype threat on motor learning in adolescent girls. Forty-five adolescent girls (Mage ± SD: 13.24 ± 1.06) participated in the study and were asked to throw a tennis ball toward a circular target using their nondominant hand. They were asked to perform five throws as an initial assessment and then were randomly assigned to three groups: IS/CH (i.e., implicit stereotype threat activation and framing the task as a challenge), IS/TH (i.e., implicit stereotype threat activation and framing the task as a threat), and the control (with no instructions). In the IS/CH and IS/TH groups, the participants performed the acquisition phase (five blocks of 10 trials) in the presence of a male evaluator. We used verbal instructions to frame the task as a practical and challenging activity (i.e., learning this task might be a big help in physical education classes in school because it improves throwing skills, and it will help improve control over the nondominant arm which is important in daily activities) and/or threat (i.e., show how good you are on this type of task, and based on your scores, we will be able to measure your natural ability at throwing tasks) before the acquisition phase. One day after the acquisition phase, participants were asked to participate in the retention (10 throws) and transfer tests (10 throws from a distance of 6.5 m). Our findings demonstrated that participants in the control group were able to achieve more effective learning compared with participants in the IS/TH and IS/CH groups. Possible reasons for these results were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inverse data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach deals with the input or output estimation preserving relative efficiency score. In many real-world applications, there is more prior information like price information or managerial preferences, etc. that should be considered in the efficiency analysis. Corporation of this sort of information is not dealt with in the inverse DEA literature, not in the input estimation process nor in the output estimation. Thus, the current paper develops a new inverse DEA model capable of dealing with prior information via weight restrictions. Proposed models are applied in the efficiency and inverse efficiency analysis of a real-world retailer application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is to evaluate the effects of break activities (resting with eyes open, listening to music, playing active video game) on working memory and selective attention in female college students. The semi-experimental research was conducted with the repeated measures design. 36 female students from the city of Shoush Danial, who participated in classes in 2019–2020, were selected in a convenient and purposive way. Working memory and selective attention were assessed using N-Back2 (N-B2) and Stroop Word-Color Test (SWCT). In addition, Demographic Questionnaire (DQ), Mental Wondering Questionnaire (MWQ), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used. Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS software at p≤0.05 level of significance. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the n-back test after break activities. Pairwise comparisons indicated that the n-back task after open-eye break was better than other breaks. In addition, the results showed that there was no significant difference in selective attention. The present results show that different breaks have a different effect only on working memory performance and not on selective attention. Accordingly, breaking with eyes open improves working memory performance.

Religious identity as a form of various forms of social identity is increasingly influenced by modern media and cultural products such as animation. The main purpose of this research is to study the representation of religious identity in Iranian animations, which is done by emphasizing the theory of representation of Stuart Hall and using theories related to the field of religion, especially the theory of Glock and Stark. This research is a qualitative research and it uses semiotic method. The statistical population includes animations that focus on religion and religious issues have been produced and broadcast on the Radio and Television of the Islamic Republic of Iran and by purposeful sampling, 3 parts of the animation series of Holy Rulers (Samuel, David and Solomon the prophet) have been selected as a sample and examined. The results of the research showed that in the animations studied, different dimensions of religious identity - ideological dimension with components such as belief in God, belief in prophecy, angels and demons, ritualistic dimension in the form of worship, praying and supplication, participation in religious rites and fasting, experimental dimension in the form of feeling fear of God after committing sin, seeking repentance and forgiveness, having peace in connection with God, asking God for help and consequential dimension based on components such as fighting against Taghut, inviting to worship, jihad in the way of God Peace-seeking, helping the poor, doing good and forbidding evil are represented.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the comprehensive performance evaluation criteria to improve employees' performance evaluation system using a new data envelopment analysis model based on 360-degree evaluation for employee ranking. Methodology: This study first identified performance evaluation criteria by studying the research background. Questionnaires designed based on the opinions of twenty-five organization staff, three senior managers, ten professors with university experience, and ten active and selected university students (48 people in a 360-degree structure) are completed. Then, employee ranking was performed using A new model of designed data envelopment analysis. Twelve performance evaluation indicators extracted from the research background by experts in four categories with the titles of service compensation system in the first category; Job security, perceived organizational justice, perceived organizational support, and physical working conditions in the second category; Job characteristics, job clarity and ability of employees in the third category and job feedback, job stress, organizational citizen behaviour and motivation in the fourth category were ranked and documented using a linear optimization model based on the goal programming and policy. Data envelopment analysis resulted in a complete ranking for the staff of a university unit with 25 staff members. Findings: Interpretation and analysis of structured results obtained using a data envelopment analysis policy based on 360-degree evaluation can be the basis for improving human resources and continuing periodic evaluation to enhance employee performance continuously. Originality/Value: The present study can help their evaluations by using various indicators comprehensively and a 360-degree approach and considering the external and internal challenges of the organization.

Background and purpose: Prevalence of risk factors for health is growing rapidly in developing countries due to urbanization. In fact much of the global burden of some conditions such as ischemic heart disease is currently in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, an integrated and effective clinical guide is highly needed for management of patients with stable angina. Materials and methods: Databases and web-related documents were searched in order to extract clinical guidelines on stable angina. After assessing the quality of guidelines, three were selected based on the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) Instrument. Then, a national guideline was compiled along with evidence and recommendations by the panel of experts. Results: Findings were presented in the form of clinical recommendations. For example, acupuncture should not be used in improving or reducing the symptoms of cardiovascular disorders in patients with stable ischemic heart disease. Conclusion: Considering 92 recommendations in this guideline and its adaptation in the Iranian population, this clinical guidline and its recommendations can be effective in standardizing services, screening, referral, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with stable angina.

The stop signal task (SST) paradigm with its original roots in 1948 has been proposed to study humans’ response inhibition. Several statistical software codes have been designed by researchers to simulate SST data in order to study various theories of modeling response inhibition and their assumptions. Yet, there has been a missing standalone statistical software package to enable researchers to simulate SST data under generalized scenarios. This paper presents the R statistical software package “SimSST”, available in Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN), to simulate stop signal task (SST) data. The package is based on the general non-independent horse race model, the copulas in probability theory, and underlying ExGaussian (ExG) or Shifted Wald (SW) distributional assumption for the involving go and stop processes enabling the researchers to simulate sixteen scenarios of the SST data. A working example for one of the scenarios is presented to evaluate the simulations’ precision on parameter estimations. Package limitations and future work directions for its subsequent extensions are discussed.

Over the last two decades, the media landscape in the world has changed due to use of the internet and mainly the development of online social networks (OSNs) and has dramatically affected the media production, distribution, and consumption. Hence, media planners should carefully identify appropriate measures in the decision making process. The first step to change the processes is the information obtained through performance measurement.In this article, the performance of broadcast media has measured on Instagram and Soroush using CCR and BCC models in data envelopment analysis (DEA). Results has measured in the form of input and output-oriented, which called company activity level and audience response level. Then, the results of two models has compared. In fact, the performance of each unit in the optimal use of resources (inputs) to produce outputs (outputs) has evaluated. In this research, the statistical population is Radio and TV channels and these organizations considered as decision-making units (DMUs). Results show that a number of units has identified as efficient on both company activity and audience response level implementing CCR and BCC models. As well, some others have identified as efficient implementing BCC model. Then, the efficient units have been ranked using super-efficiency analysis. Finally, some inefficient DMUs has identified on each OSN individually and an appropriate strategy has introduced in order to improve the performance of inefficient units. This pattern will help media managers in order to identify inefficiency factors in compare of competitors and will become to an efficient DMU.

The purpose of this article is to explain the challenges of the law of dissemination and free access to information in Iran and to evaluate it with the prevailing conditions in the society in Iran in the late fourteenth century. The method of this research is data-based and using the interview technique to identify the challenges facing the implementation of the law on publication and free access to information in Iran. The statistical population of the research includes experts, communication professors and members of the media. Findings from the analysis of interviews resulted in extracting four main areas of secrecy culture among the officials of organizations, politicization among the media, citizens and the body of government and government, identifying six contexts of law enforcement and finally the limitations and ambiguities in the law of dissemination and free access to Information that does not comply with the nature of the law of dissemination and free access to information.

Today, media representation has become a fundamental concept in cultural and media studies and plays an important and central role in analyzing media texts. On the other hand, religious identity as a form of various forms of social identity is influenced by the growing influence of modern media and cultural goods and products, including animations. The main purpose of this research is to study how religious identity is represented in Iranian animations. This research has been conducted in the cultural studies approach, with emphasis on Stuart Hall's theory of representation and using theories related to religion, in particular the Glock and Stark's theory. The statistical society includes Iranian animations that have been produced and broadcasted over the past years by the Islamic Republic of Iran, with a focus on religion and religious issues. Sampling in this research was carried out through non-random purposeful sampling and 3 parts of the animation of "Prophets"(Noah's ship, Cold Fire, Patient) were selected as the sample. To analyze the semiotics of animations, Barthes's narrative model and also Fisk and Hartley's triple analysis, have been used. The results of the research showed that the representation of religious identity in Prophets animation is associated with orientation, media frameworks and ideological functions. In these animations, various aspects of religious identity, such as ideological, ritualistic, experimental and consequential, are represented.

Background: Hospitalization is recognized as a frightening and stressful experience for children. These negative consequences are intensified when children experience a frequent number of hospitalizations. In this regard, various non-pharmacological approaches have been introduced to reduce these negative consequences, one of which is playing and listening to music. Aim: The present study aimed to determine the effect of music therapy and distraction cards on the anxiety of hospitalized children with chronic diseases. Method: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 83 children with chronic diseases aged 8-12 years who were hospitalized in Akbar Pediatric Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. The participants were assigned to three groups, namely cards, music, and cards + music groups. The intervention which involved listening to favorite music and playing with distraction cards was performed on two consecutive days (duration=20 minutes). Data collection tools included the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale and demographic characteristics questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: In the current study, the mean scores of children’s anxiety in the groups of music, cards, and cards + music after the intervention were reported as 54.8±20.1, 42.7±15.0, and 51.3±15.5, respectively. Moreover, the ANOVA results demonstrated a significant difference in this regard (P=0.038).In addition, the Wilcoxon test results were indicative of a significant difference between the cards (P=0.013) and cards + music (P=0.015) groups regarding the three subscales of anxiety before and after the intervention. Implications for Practice: Playing with distraction cards decreased anxiety and fear in children to a greater extent, as compared to music therapy. Therefore, the active distraction method can be a practical approach to reduce anxiety and fear in hospitalized children.

Introduction: Regarding the probable effectiveness of adding fluoxetine to a medical regimen of opioid treatment, the present study aimed to compare the effect of naltrexone with or without fluoxetine to prevent relapse to opioid addiction. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study in 2016, 93 people with an opium addiction who were detoxified in Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, were selected using a purposeful sampling method. They were randomly divided into two groups (naltrexone and naltrexone + fluoxetine). The morphine urine test was performed at the end of the 1st month, 2nd month, 3rd month, 4th month, and more than 4 months after detoxification. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test, Pearson chi-square, Independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and SPSS software. Results: Finally, 73 patients (39 patients in the naltrexone group and 34 patients in the naltrexone + fluoxetine group) were evaluated. The two groups had no significant demographic variable differences except marital status. The findings showed no significant difference in the relapse rate between the two groups, although a lower rate of relapse was seen in the naltrexone + fluoxetine group than in the naltrexone group (P= 0.563). At the same time, the naltrexone + fluoxetine group had more positive morphine urine tests in the early months than the naltrexone group significantly (P= 0.040). Conclusion: The present study showed that adding fluoxetine to naltrexone reduces the relapse rate, while it is associated with a shorter duration of retention than the naltrexone group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]