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(1) Background-How to solve the problem of forest farmers' choosing jobs after the implementation of the ecological compensation policies has become the key to realize the sustainable development of ecology and economy in the collective forest regions. (2) Methods-The research data came from the household survey conducted by the collective forest rights system reform monitoring project team in Shaanxi Province from July to August 2018, and 441 valid questionnaires were obtained. The OLS regression, intermediary effect model and propensity score matching method ( PSM) were used to analyze the relationship between ecological compensation policies, forest farmers' livelihood strategies and their income. (3) Results-From the perspective of direct effect, the impact of ecological compensation policies on forest farmers' income was significantly positive at the statistical level of 5%, and this effect was still significant after excluding ecological compensation samples or selecting only poverty-stricken counties as samples. From the perspective of mediating effect, the mediating effects of livelihood non-forestry and livelihood diversification on the impact of the ecological compensation policies on forest farmers' income were significant, and the mediating effect accounted for 15.58% and 19.08% respectively. From the perspective of heterogeneity of income effect, compared with those who did not participate in the policies, the total family forestry income of the forest farmers who participated in the policies decreased by 1544 yuan, but their non-forestry management income increased by 5881 yuan, non-forestry wage income increased by 4225 yuan. This indicated that after the forest farmers participated in the ecological compensation policies of public welfare forests, although they sacrificed part of the forest-land management rights to protect the ecological environment, which reduced their forestry income, they could change their livelihood strategies. The household surplus labor forces could increase their household income through non-forest employment and business activities in the secondary and tertiary industries. (4) Conclusions and Discussions-In order to improve the implementation performance of the ecological compensation policies for public welfare forests, the following policy suggestions are put forward : First, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for ecological compensation of public welfare forests, regularly monitor the management status of public welfare forests in poverty-stricken regions, and reward and punish them according to the monitoring results, so as to improve the initiative of the forest farmers' policy participation. Second, improve the supporting measures of the ecological compensation policies for public welfare forests and the environment for employment and entrepreneurship in forest areas. At the same time, encourage the forest farmers to rely on public welfare forests resources for employment or entrepreneurship to revitalize forestry resources. Third, strengthen the matching assistance for the forest farmers' livelihood transformation, appropriately guide the forest farmers to develop the forest undergrowth industry, or provide employment for the poor households and create more sources of livelihood for them. Fourth, encourage the transfer of forestland property rights of public welfare forests, guide the forest farmers to transfer the abandoned lands for public welfare forests to those individuals or units with higher management level, so as to promote the rational allocation of forestland resources and rural household labor resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a key component of a high-power laser device, fused silica optics needs to bear great laser energy, and laser damage is easily generated on the optical surface. In order to improve the service life and availability of optics, it is necessary to repair the damaged optics. In this work, the repair technique of damaged, fused silica optics was studied. The neural network method was mainly used to establish the correlation between the number of small-scale damage points and the repair depth. The prediction accuracy of the model is better than 90%. Based on the neural network model, the removal depth parameters were optimized with the suppression coefficient of the damage points. The processing effect of the optimized parameters was verified by magnetorheological polishing experiments. In this paper, a repair technique based on a neural network was proposed, which avoids the low efficiency caused by processing iterations in the repair process, and can accurately what was expected. The method proposed in this work has an important reference value in the repair process of fused silica optics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) can cause serious vesicular lesions in pigs, and the matrix (M) protein is its predominant virulence factor. Dendritic cells (DCs) act as the bridge between innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the susceptibility of porcine DCs to VSV infection and the role of M protein in modulating the function of infected DCs are still poorly defined. Thus, this study aimed to determine the ability of virulent wild-type VSV(wtVSV) and two attenuated M protein variants (VSV ΔM51 and VSV MT ) to induce maturation of porcine monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) in vitro . It was found that both wtVSV and the M protein mutant VSVs could productively replicate in porcine MoDCs. Infection with wtVSV resulted in weak proinflammatory cytokine responses and interfered with DC maturation via downregulation of the costimulatory molecule complex CD80/86. Whilst VSV ΔM51 could activate porcine MoDCs, VSV MT , a highly attenuated recombinant VSV with triple mutations in the M protein, induced a potent maturation of MoDCs, as evidenced by efficient cytokine induction, and upregulation of CD80/86 and MHC class II. Overall, our findings reveal that porcine MoDCs are differentially activated by VSV, dependent on the presence of a functional M protein. M protein plays a crucial role in modulating porcine DC-VSV interactions. The data further support the potential use of VSV MT as a vaccine vector for pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The serine protease inhibitor clade E member 1 (SERPINE1) is a major inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase, and has been implicated in the development and progression of a variety of tumors. In this study, mRNA microarray and TCGA database were used to comprehensively analyze the upregulation of SERPINE1 in gastric cancer (GC) tissues compared with the normal stomach tissues. Kaplan-Meier results confirmed that patients with high SERPINE1 expression exhibited worse overall survival and disease-free survival. In addition, cell proliferation, cell scratches, transwell migration and invasion assay showed that SERPINE1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC ells. Western blot showed that the expression of VEGF and IL-6 was significantly upregulated after overexpression of SERPINE1. Meanwhile, SERPINE1 was positively correlated with the level of immune infiltration using the online analysis tools TISIDB and TIMER. And SERPINE1 expression increased with the increase of malignancy of GC which were detected by Immunohistochemistry. Finally, tumorigenesis experiments in nude mice further demonstrated that SERPINE1 could promote the occurrence and development of GC, while deletion of SERPINE1 inhibited the progression of GC. In summary, SERPINE1 was highly expressed in GC tissues, and SERPINE1 was helpful for differential diagnosis of pathological grade of gastric mucosal lesions. SERPINE1 might regulate the expression of VEGF and IL-6 through the VEGF signaling pathway and JAK-STAT3 inflammatory signaling pathway, thus ultimately affecting the invasion and migration of GC cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The development of new-type arrayed MRF equipment was conducted through theoretical analysis, simulation and experiment. • High removal efficiency of 2.03 × 107 μm3/min and stability better than 5 % were achieved. • Actual experiment verified the effects of arrayed MRF equipment. Along with the continuous development of optical systems, the fabrication of optics gradually moved towards large aperture and high quality. To meet the requirements of optical systems, advanced technologies represented by magnetorheological finishing (MRF) were applied in the processing of optics. According to the background of high-efficiency processing, this work focused on the design of arrayed magnetorheological equipment, including magnetic field theoretical analysis, magnetic field simulation, equipment construction, removal function preparation and stability test. Through the study, arrayed MR (magnetorheological) equipment was preliminarily built and the removal function was prepared. The volume removal rate of arrayed removal function was 2.03 μm3/min after detection, which was 1.35 times of electromagnetic equipment under the same process parameters, and the stability of the removal function was better than 5 %. The results of two-dimensional removal experiment also verified that arrayed MR equipment could significantly improve materials removal efficiency. Based on the experimental results in this work, it is believed that arrayed MR equipment have certain advantages in the improvement of processing efficiency and surface quality, and it could meet the requirement of optical processing at the present stage. The relevant design theories and methods could provide reference to the follow-up research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]