Search

La gestion patrimoniale des infrastructures implique la prise en compte des risques inhérents à chaque type d'ouvrage et de réseau, pour définir des actions prioritaires en termes de travaux d'entretien et de rénovation. Cet article s'intéresse ici à trois types d'infrastructures aussi différents que les barrages, les ouvrages d'art routiers et les réseaux d'eau potable, et nous montre comment un même principe de gestion du risque peut être décliné en différentes méthodes de priorisation des actions de maintenance du patrimoine.

La mise en regard de trois exemples de patrimoines, les barrages, les ouvrages d'art routiers et les réseaux d'eau potable, illustre comment un même principe de gestion du risque peut être décliné en différentes méthodes de priorisation des travaux annuels d'entretien et de rénovation des infrastructures : « étude de danger » des barrages, méthode Sétra pour les ouvrages d'art routier, et méthode MEDIREL de diagnostic du réseau d'eau de Lausanne. Ces trois méthodologies sont analysées selon la caractérisation des enjeux vulnérables exposés aux défaillances éventuelles, la caractérisation de l'aléa, et la hiérarchisation des actions visant à réduire le risque à court terme.

Copyright of Social & Cultural Geography is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arboriculture & Urban Forestry is the property of International Society of Arboriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue Canadienne des Ressources Hydriques is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cahiers d'EMAM is the property of EMAM and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue TED: Territoires, Environnement et Développement is the property of Universite Ibn Tofail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cette étude évalue la capacité de production et les déterminants de l’efficacité technique des productrices du chou dans la commune de Korhogo. Pour y parvenir, un modèle de frontière stochastique de production a été spécifié afin d’estimer les scores d’efficacité des exploitantes et de dégager les facteurs explicatifs de l’inefficacité technique des productrices. Au regard des résultats, il ressort que l’écart entre la production observée et celle potentielle est en partie dû à l’inefficacité. En outre, selon cette étude, l’augmentation de la superficie entraîne un accroissement des temps de travaux d’entretien et par ricochet la diminution de la productivité. Néanmoins, l’application de l’engrais impacte significativement et positivement la productivité des agricultrices au seuil de 10%. La main d’œuvre a également un effet positif et significatif au seuil de 5%. Toutefois, le niveau d’efficacité technique moyen est faible sur l’ensemble des sites étudiés, même si quelques fortes performances sont signalées dans certaines localités. Par ailleurs, certaines variables socio-démographiques sont susceptibles d’influencer positivement ces scores d’efficacité. Il s’agit des variables «appartenance à une organisation paysanne», «formation agricole» et «nombre d’année d’expérience». Mots clés: Chou, efficacité technique, frontière stochastique, Côte d’Ivoire

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Review of Education / Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Geographer is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alternatives Rurales is the property of Rural Alternatives Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Politique Africaine is the property of Karthala Editions Diffusion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Algerian Journal of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of Algerian Journal of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Naturaliste Canadien is the property of La Societe Provancher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nan lane 2016, gouvènman ameriken an te anonse yon don 500 tòn pistach bay Ayiti ke sechrès te frape akòz fenomèn El Niño a. Òganizasyon sosyete sivil ayisyen an ak òganizasyon entènasyonal non-gouvènmantal (ONG) yo eksprime enkyetid yo ke donasyon an ta menase mwayen pou Ayisyen yo viv. Rechèch te fèt pou pi byen konprann sektè pistach ayisyen an ak ekonomi politik kado sila a. Nan peyi Ayiti, aktè ki nan sektè sa a travay nan yon kontèks povrete ak vilnerabilite, sepandan pifò di yo satisfè. Fanm yo deklare ke yo te atenn yon sèten otonomi ekonomik, malgre revni yo limite. Nan peyi meriken, pistach la sibvansyone anpil e kiltivatè li meriken yo trè byen òganize politikman. Kidonk, bay sipli a pa konsistan avèk èd agrikòl ameriken an ki vize pou ogmante pwodiktivite a ak konbat kontaminasyon aflatoksin nan peyi Ayiti. Nou rekòmande pou gouvènman ayisyen an ak gouvènman ameriken an ogmante sipò yo pou chèn valè pistach la, pandan y ap evite politik komèsyal ki pa konsistan. En 2016, le gouvernement américain a annoncé un don de 500 tonnes d'arachides à Haïti, frappée par la sécheresse due au phénomène d'El Niño. Les organisations de la société civile haïtienne [End Page 117] et des organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) internationales ont exprimé leur inquiétude que ce don menacerait les moyens de subsistance haïtiens. Des recherches ont été menées pour mieux comprendre la filière arachide haïtienne et l'économie politique du don. En Haïti, les acteurs de cette filière travaillent dans un contexte de pauvreté et de vulnérabilité, cependant la plupart se disent satisfaits. Les femmes déclarent qu'elles ont atteint une émancipation économique, malgré des revenus limités. Aux États-Unis l'arachide est hautement subventionnée et ses agriculteurs politiquement très bien organisés. Ainsi, faire don de l'excédent est incohérent avec l'aide agricole américaine qui vise à stimuler la productivité et à combattre la contamination par aflatoxine en Haïti. Nous recommandons que les gouvernements haïtiens et américains augmentent leur soutien à la chaîne de valeur de l'arachide, tout en évitant des politiques commerciales incohérentes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is about a brief controversy that erupted in 2015 around the City of Montreal's plan to divert 8 billion liters of raw sewage into the St. Lawrence River while it conducted critical maintenance on its sewer infrastructure. In the end, though, the Flush was non-eventful: It went ahead as planned and with no lasting effects or complaints. We suggest that the best way to understand how the City averted the crisis is through the concept of 'affective maintenance'. If infrastructures are meant to be uneventful (i.e. narratively stable and generally lacking in surprise ruptures) then the maintenance of public affect is as important to their functioning as the physical work that keeps sewage flowing in the right direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Agriculture is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The environmental management of rivers faces a substantial geographical problem: due to their elongate shape and their position at the valley bottom, the area that they cover is fragmented by territorial borders. Therefore, only very few river basins or substantial parts of them have yet been assigned as dedicated sites (nature reserves, parks, etc.). Commonly, these sites occur in a scattered pattern within the riverscape and belong to different administrative units, which makes coordinated conservation and management difficult. Moreover, access to documented results is limited, and the practical experience of site managers remains an unexploited source of knowledge. Here, we compare two sites, the Loire valley (with a large zone protected by a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Natura 2000 sites network, and a French Regional Natural Park, which are partially overlapping) and the Dordogne watershed (entirely belonging to the first UNESCO Biosphere Reserve of this kind and a French Public Basin Establishment). The targets concerning conservation and sustainable management of these sites differ, however, they all focus on cultural and ecological sustainability. Combining reports and interviews with the respective site managers with literature back searches, and analyzing these data with case study and content analysis methods, we addressed the following questions: (1) What are the priority management issues, including threats that impact the site from outside, and how are they tackled? (2) Who are the stakeholders and what are their interrelationships? (3) What are the dynamics of socio-ecological systems related to riverscapes? (4) How to conserve and manage riverscapes with socio-ecological approaches? and (5) What are the best management practices from the Loire River Valley and Dordogne basin cases that can be harnessed in other riverscapes? We show that the Loire River Valley and Dordogne River basin present positive examples for a transdisciplinary socio-ecological approach to conserving and managing riverscapes, integrating diverse stakeholder knowledge in participatory decision-making, recognizing the natural character of the river, and coupling social and hydrological systems. The greatest achievement of the site managers is that they have built up trust and found feasible solutions for satisfying the different interests of diverse stakeholders. Ingenuity and perseverance, combined with excellent moderation skills, were the most important characteristics leading to success. The overall target of this paper is to evidence problems and their solutions concerning the management of dedicated sites that are connected to rivers, to encourage the creation of further sites of this type, and to facilitate cooperation between different types of dedicated sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines contemporary reclamation practices related to Apitipik, Lake Abitibi, which is located on Abitibiwinni Aki, unceded Anicinape territory. Based on ethnographic research combining the results of my doctoral interviews and my observations of recent years spent on this territory, I propose that, contrary to the widely held idea that cast the historic site of Lake Abitibi as abandoned, the relationship with the site is actively maintained by the Anicinapek, although in unexpected or sometimes invisible ways to the dominant worldview. Even if it may appear otherwise to an onlooker, an ancestral territory cannot be abandoned. The assumption of abandonment and what counts as Indigenous land and water reclamation in this place are rethought with water. The "thinking with water" methodology allows to take into consideration the presence and forms of informal reclamation practices. These reclamations, which I describe as "fluid", differ from the modern paradigm through which historic sites are supposed to be valued. The modern paradigm to understand and value historic sites is sometimes based on the extension of the logic of private property, and in a colonial context, favours the cultural and institutional values of the dominant society. I propose to demonstrate how the current reclamation practices of the Abitibiwinnik, instead of being tangible and solid, are fluid, flexible and therefore variably valid in the eyes of established standards surrounding heritage conservation and, in the eyes, and minds of non-Indigenous locals living near the lake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alternative Francophone is the property of Alternative Francophone and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives and method: We report the patient data in 77 cases of leptospirosis confirmed by PCR and/or serology (micro-agglutination), observed between 1994 and 2008 at the Besançon teaching hospital. Our aim was to compare the epidemiological, clinical, biological, and therapeutic characteristics of leptospirosis in the Franche-Comté region, to those reported in other regions. Results: The median age was 42years and 95% were male patients. Leptospirosis acquisition was likely related to aquatic leisure activities (50.6%), professional exposure (28.6%), building maintenance works (11.7%), or unknown (9.1%). Forty-eight cases were uncomplicated and 29 were severe presentations of leptospirosis. Among severe cases, eight patients had to be managed in an intensive care unit, and one patient died. L. grippotyphosa and L. icterohaemorrhagiae were the main serogroups involved. Age above 50years and serogroup L. icterohaemorrhagiae were positively associated with clinical severity. The outcome was favorable for 15 patients treated with ceftriaxone for less than 7days. Conclusions: We recommended conducting clinical trials aiming at validating short courses of ceftriaxone to treat leptospirosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Madagascar Conservation & Development is the property of Journal Madagascar Wildlife Conservation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cet article traite du processus constructif et social de l'habitat rural ancestral du nord-est Algérien. La région abordée par l'étude se situe au nord-ouest de la wilaya de Skikda et comprend les communes de Collo, Zitouna, Cheraïa et Kanouâa. L'article, s'appuie sur une enquête sociologique par entretiens et questionnaires avec la population locale. Il donne au premier lieu une explication de ce processus ancestral, et cherche en second lieu à préciser les raisons pour lesquelles cette démarche ne fait plus l'objet d'intérêt de la communauté actuelle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Francophone de Recherche en Ergotherapie is the property of Communaute Pour l Avancement de la Recherche Appliquee Francophone en Ergotherapie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Engineering Geology & the Environment is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nouvelles Perspectives en Sciences Sociales is the property of Editions Prise de parole and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Population (00324663) is the property of Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acupuncture & Moxibustion (1633-3454) is the property of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin de la Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles is the property of Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many of the watersheds in southern Ontario have been highly modified to facilitate the removal of surface water from agricultural fields. These modified streams are often classed as municipal drains and are subject to periodic drain maintenance under the Drainage Act. Municipal (agricultural) drain maintenance involves removal of built-up sediment and associated aquatic vegetation, and may also include channelization of the stream and removal of riparian vegetation. Despite the periodic disturbance due to drain maintenance, agricultural drains are home to many fish species in southern Ontario, including species at risk. Beaver Creek, a tributary of the Niagara River in southwestern Ontario, is classed as a municipal drain and is home to a population of Grass Pickerel (Esox americanus vermiculatus), a species at risk in Canada. In the fall of 2011 a section of Beaver Creek was subjected to drain maintenance. In an effort to mitigate potential harmful effects of the drainage activities on the Grass Pickerel population, reconstruction incorporating natural stream channel design features was also implemented. The fish community of Beaver Creek was sampled in the impacted reach where maintenance occurred, an adjacent control reach that was not subject to maintenance, and a downstream reach where the two converged, from 2009-2013 and again in 2015. A series of before-after-control-impact (BACI) analyses were conducted to determine the effect of maintenance and reconstruction activities on the Grass Pickerel population and the physical and chemical habitat in Beaver Creek. BACI analyses were also conducted on three time scales to determine the most effective monitoring time frame for future drainage projects. Results of this study indicate that reconstruction incorporating natural stream channel design features had a positive impact on the Grass Pickerel catch per unit effort in the newly created pools and mitigated the effects of channelization on habitat characteristics such as stream velocity. The diversity of the stream fish community was not affected by the maintenance and reconstruction activities. Changing the amount of time that monitoring is conducted can influence the ability to detect effects of drainage activities. In this study, monitoring for at least three years prior to the drainage works, along with post-project monitoring of at least four years following was required to determine the effects of drainage activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depuis soixante ans, Vendée Eau, Service Public de l’eau potable, organise la production et la distribution d’eau potable en Vendée. À partir d’un réseau exceptionnel comportant notamment 13 barragesréservoirs, Vendée Eau assure une production maximale de 200 000m3/j à destination des 430 000 abonnés vendéens et des zones touristiques côtières. Ses barrages contribuent également à l’écrêtement des crues, au soutien d’étiage et à la production hydroélectrique. En tant que Maître d’Ouvrage, Vendée Eau prend en charge les missions de surveillance et les travaux d’entretien et de modernisation de son parc d’ouvrages. Les derniers travaux importants ont été réalisés sur le barrage de Mervent de 2015 à 2019 afin d’augmenter sa capacité d’évacuation des crues. Tractebel est intervenu en tant que Maitre d’OEuvre pour la définition et le pilotage de ces travaux. Ils ont permis de rénover le génie civil, les organes hydromécaniques, les dispositifs de continuité écologique, d’auscultation et de production électrique.

The aim of this paper is to present the main factors that contributed to shaping the situation of the Muslim minority in Greek Thrace during the first decades of the 21st century. We will firstly refer to the educational reforms and changes introduced by the Greek State during the 1990's and their impact on the Muslim minority in the following years. The next question is related to the socio-economic situation of Muslims in the context of the economic crisis and Memorandum policies implemented since 2010 focusing mainly on Muslim migration to Europe. We will also examine the issues of religiosity-or the new religiosities- that emerge within the minority with reference to the religious realities developed in Turkey over the past 20 years or so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the building site of the ancient church of Sainte-Géneviève, after the consolidation of the piliers of the dome, a series of procedures, techniques, and savoir-faire took place. There is a voluminous testimony in the 19th century archive documentation. The reports, the devis, and the correspondence attest to the numerous interventions that have involved the dome of the Parisian Panthéon, revealing the complexity of its material history. After the repairs to the intermediate dome the connection between the new and the old archivolts of the arcs doubleaux supporting the dome was made. Moreover, a cast iron walkway was designed while the lunette of the dome was enlarged. The removal of the large cross from the top of the dome with the replacement of a statue accompanies the long series of works and the spiritual transformation of the building that reflects the political changes underway. The consultation of the archival material relating to the construction site of the nineteenth-century interventions revealed a fresco of aspects, skills, materials, and issues. It also reveals the diffusion of practices that assume evolving cultural meanings of architecture in concomitance with the economic and political changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]