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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common disease of the endocrine system faced by doctors of all specialties, and it is characterized by high disability and mortality of patients due to micro- and macrovascular complications caused primarily by chronic hyperglycemia. Achieving glycemic targets improves the course of DM and disease prognosis with respect to the development of complications. A priority area in the treatment of DM is patient education and self-monitoring of glycemia using modern glucose measuring tools, including the Contour Plus One glucometer.

The diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most frequent urgent condition in patients with diabetes mellitus which requires hospitalization and results to mortality. The most common causes of DKA are the presence of concomitant diseases in diabetic patients, as well as the violation of the insulin therapy regimen. With the appearance of hypoglycemic drugs from the group of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors (iSGLT2), isolated cases of DKA associated with their intake began to be recorded. This article describes 4 cases of ketoacidosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and type 1 diabetes mellitus taking dapagliflozin which is a hypoglycemic drug from the group of inhibitors of the sodium-glucose co-transporter.

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Dietressa at a dose of 6 tablets per day for 24 weeks in the treatment of patients with Class 1 obesity. To compare the clinical efficacy of two treatment regimens (1 tablet 6 times per day and 2 tablets 3 times per day) for 24 weeks in the treatment of patients with Class 1 obesity. Materials and methods. A clinical trial included 493 patients with Class 1 obesity from 18 to 65 years. The proportion of patients who lose greater than or equal to 5 percent of baseline body weight, an average decrease of body weight, a change in waist circumference, dynamics of the quality of life, and the safety of the therapy were assessed. Results. A weight decrease was established among patients without regard to the studied regimens of Dietressa (in a daily dose of 6 tablets with a six- or three-time intake). The goals were achieved by 49% [53%] of patients in the first treatment regimen (statistically significant compared to placebo therapy: p=0.04) [р=0.018]), 48% (51%) in the second (p=0.004 [р=0.0004]) and 48% [52%] of patients in the combined Dietressa group (p=0.0007 [р0.0001]). The average absolute weight loss was -4.44.2 [-4.84.2] kg in the Dietressa-1 group (p=0.0001 [р0.0001]) and -4.44.4 [-4.74.4] kg in the Dietressa-2 group (p0.0001) [р0.0001]). Against the background of the conducted therapy mental component was improved on week 4 (p0.0001) and 24 (p=0.006) as well as parameter of physical health on week 4 (p=0,003) and 12 (p=0,006). Waist circumference significantly decreased every 4 weeks in patients receiving Dietressa (p0.0001 for three comparisons between weeks). A 6-month course of Dietressa therapy demonstrated a favorable safety profile. The frequency of adverse events had no significant differences between Dietressa and Placebo groups. Conclusion. The monotherapy with Dietressa is safe, and it leads to at least 5 percent reduction in body weight during 24 weeks of therapy in patients with Class 1 obesity.

At the moment, lactate-acidosis coma in patients with diabetes mellitus is considered a rare and extremely urgent condition that occurs in patients with concomitant diseases as well as when taking the most widely used sugar reducing drug – metformin. This article describes a case of lactate-acidosis coma with a fatal outcome, which occurred against the background of taking metformin and alcohol abuse, in a woman with type 2 dia-betes mellitus aged 48 years.