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Introduction. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women. The most reliable method to diagnose breast cancer is through mammography, combined with ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment plan may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Case report. The following is a case report of a 46-yearold woman who visited a physician in 2007 when she was planning her second pregnancy. She was 30 years old at the time. During a routine breast self-examination, she noticed a lump and was sent for an ultrasound examination where the tumor was confirmed. After diagnosis and preoperative preparation, she underwent breast-preserving surgery of the left breast, along with axilla dissection due to positive lymph nodes. Pathohistologic findings confirmed Carcinoma mixtus praecipue ductale G2 et partim mucinosum G2, while no metastatic changes were found in the axillary lymph nodes. The tumor's hormonal status was estrogen 1, progesterone 1, and HER2 2. The patient received six rounds of FAC chemotherapy followed by 16 rounds of trastuzumab. After starting on tamoxifen and using it until December 2009, she had to undergo the removal of her right ovary due to the discovery of numerous cysts. Several cysts were also found on the left ovary. Five years after her breast cancer surgery, the patient became pregnant and gave birth to a baby girl. She breastfed her for ten months from the breast that was not operated on. Conclusion. Breast cancer is a serious illness that can greatly affect the reproductive health of young women. It is essential to take into account the patient's desire to have children after treatment. Therefore, it is crucial to provide appropriate therapy and counseling.

The present study assesses possible changes in the levels of different neurotransmitters (catecholamines and indoleamines) in fetuses affected by nutrient shortage. Hence, we determined the concentration of catecholamines and indoleamines at the hypothalamus of 56 swine fetuses obtained at both 70 and 90 days of pregnancy (n = 33 and 23 fetuses, respectively). The degree of fetal development and the fetal sex affected the neurotransmitters profile at both stages. At Day 70, there were found higher mean concentrations of l -DOPA in both female and male fetuses with severe IUGR; male fetuses with severe IUGR also showed higher concentrations of TRP than normal male littermates. At Day 90 of pregnancy, the differences between sexes were more evident. There were no significant effects from either severe IUGR on the neurotransmitter profile in male fetuses. However, in the females, a lower body-weight was related to lower concentrations of l -DOPA and TRP and those female fetuses affected by severe IUGR evidenced lower HVA concentration. In conclusion, the fetal synthesis and use of neurotransmitters increase with time of pregnancy but, in case of IUGR, both catecholamines and indoleamines pathways are affected by sex-related effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to determine, using a swine model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), whether short- and long-term neurological deficiencies and interactive dysfunctions of Low Birth-Weight (LBW) offspring might be related to altered pattern of neurotransmitters. Hence, we compared the quantities of different neurotransmitters (catecholamines and indoleamines), which were determined by HPLC, at brain structures related to the limbic system (hippocampus and amygdala) in 14 LBW and 10 Normal Body-Weight (NBW) newborn piglets. The results showed, firstly, significant effects of sex on the NBW newborns, with females having higher dopamine (DA) concentrations than males. The IUGR processes affected DA metabolism, with LBW piglets having lower concentrations of noradrenaline at the hippocampus and higher concentrations of the DA metabolites, homovanillic acid (HVA), at both the hippocampus and the amygdala than NBW neonates. The effects of IUGR were modulated by sex; there were no significant differences between LBW and NBW females, but LBW males had higher HVA concentration at the amygdala and higher concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, the serotonin metabolite, at the hippocampus than NBW males. In conclusion, the present study shows that IUGR is mainly related to changes, modulated by sex, in the concentrations of catecholamine neurotransmitters, which are related to adaptation to physical activity and to essential cognitive functions such as learning, memory, reward-motivated behavior and stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]