Search

The cold extraction method was used to obtain the aqueous extract of Vitex leucoxylon leaves in a ratio of 1:10. Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) were synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of V. leucoxylon as a reducing agent. The phytoreducing approach was used to make FeNPs by mixing 1 mL of plant extract with 1 mM of ferric sulfate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to examine the synthesized FeNPs. The reducing reaction was shown by a change in the color of the solution, and the formation of black color confirms that FeNPs have been formed. The greatest absorption peak (max) was found at 395 nm in UV-Vis spectral analysis. The FTIR spectra of V. leucoxylon aqueous leaf extract showed shifts in some peaks, namely 923.96 cm−1 and 1709.89 cm−1, with functional groups carboxylic acids, unsaturated aldehydes, and ketones, which were lacking in the FTIR spectra of FeNPs and are responsible for FeNPs formation. FeNPs with diameters between 45 and 100 nm were observed in SEM images. The creation of FeNPs was confirmed by EDX, which shows a strong signal in the metallic iron region at 6–8 Kev. XRD revealed a crystalline nature and an average diameter of 136.43 nm. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and wound healing in vitro tests reported significant activity of the FeNPs. The cumulative findings of the present study indicate that the green synthesis of FeNPs boosts its biological activity and may serve as a possible dermal wound-healing agent and cytotoxic agent against cancer. Future study is needed on the identification of mechanisms involved in the synthesis of FeNPs by V. leucoxylon and its biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cold extraction method was used to obtain the aqueous extract of Vitex leucoxylon leaves in a ratio of 1:10. Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) were synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of V. leucoxylon as a reducing agent. The phytoreducing approach was used to make FeNPs by mixing 1 mL of plant extract with 1 mM of ferric sulfate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to examine the synthesized FeNPs. The reducing reaction was shown by a change in the color of the solution, and the formation of black color confirms that FeNPs have been formed. The greatest absorption peak (max) was found at 395 nm in UV-Vis spectral analysis. The FTIR spectra of V. leucoxylon aqueous leaf extract showed shifts in some peaks, namely 923.96 cm−1 and 1709.89 cm−1, with functional groups carboxylic acids, unsaturated aldehydes, and ketones, which were lacking in the FTIR spectra of FeNPs and are responsible for FeNPs formation. FeNPs with diameters between 45 and 100 nm were observed in SEM images. The creation of FeNPs was confirmed by EDX, which shows a strong signal in the metallic iron region at 6–8 Kev. XRD revealed a crystalline nature and an average diameter of 136.43 nm. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and wound healing in vitro tests reported significant activity of the FeNPs. The cumulative findings of the present study indicate that the green synthesis of FeNPs boosts its biological activity and may serve as a possible dermal wound-healing agent and cytotoxic agent against cancer. Future study is needed on the identification of mechanisms involved in the synthesis of FeNPs by V. leucoxylon and its biomedical applications.

Objective: Evaluating Anthelmintic activity of Ximenia americana, Hopea ponga and Vitex leucoxylon extracts by using in vitro assay. Methods: The serial exhaustive extraction was carried out with a series of solvents: chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol and water with increasing polarity using Soxhlet apparatus. The concentrated and dried extracts were evaluated for anthelmintic activity by employing standard in vitro method (Pheretima Posthuma model). Results: In vitro anthelmintic study shows that in case of Ximenia americana chloroform extract showed higher anthelmintic activity where as incase of Hopea ponga and Vitex leucoxylon methanol extract exhibited significant activity when compared to other solvent extracts. Conclusion: Results confirm that methanol extract of Hopea ponga exhibited highest anthelmintic activity among all tested extracts. This study provides scientific evidence that the leaves of Ximenia americana, Hopea ponga and Vitex leucoxylon have anthelmintic efficacy. However further comprehensive chemical and pharmacological investigation should be carried out to isolate the active compounds and appropriate elucidation of its mechanism of action and it helps in the development of new pharmaceuticals to treat Helminthiasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various functions of hydro alcoholic extract and ethanolic extract of the Vitex leucoxylon Linn. leaves of were screened for anti-inflammatory activity by human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method. The prevention of hypotonicity-induced HRBC membrane lysis was taken as a measure of the anti- inflammatory activity. All the fractions showed a biphasic effect on the membrane stabilization. Their activities are comparable to that of the standard drug prednisolone. However their activities decreased with time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Vitex Leucoxylon Linn. (family Verbenreae) is found commonly in India. This plant is a large deciduous tree, commonly known as Songarbhi (Marathi). It is small to large tree with a thick trunk and a spreading crown found almost throughout the Indian Deccan peninsular. The trees are generally found on river banks, streams and ponds. Recent pharmacological findings indicate that the crude alcoholic extract of its leaves possess antipsychotic, anti-depressant, analgesic, anti-parkinsonian, anti-microbial activities, anti-inflammatory and woundhealing properties. However, no conclusive pharmacognostic study of its leaves has been performed yet. Methods: The present investigation deals with the qualitative and quantitative microscopic evaluation of the leaf material and the establishment of quality parameters including physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation. Results: Chief macroscopic and microscopic characters include midrib, lamina, venation pattern, stomata, epidermal trichomes, sclereids, powder microscopy and phytochemical evaluation done by standard methods. Conclusion: The results would serve as a useful gauge of standardization of leaf material and ensuring quality formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity of ethyl acetate extract of Vitex leucoxylon Linn. in various animal experimental models. Materials and Methods: Ethyl acetate extract of V. leucoxylon Linn. evaluated for antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan, mediator-induced rat paw edema, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma model. The antipyretic activity was evaluated by yeast-induced pyrexia model. Results: Single administration of the ethyl acetate extract of V. leucoxylon Linn. at dose of 500 mg/kg p.o. showed significant (P < 0.001) inhibition of rat paw edema. The ethyl acetate extract showed significant antipyretic activity in brewer yeast-induced pyrexia in rats throughout the observation period of 4 h. Conclusion: This study shows that ethyl acetate extract of V. leucoxylon Linn. has significant anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]