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Background: Cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) has vitamins that are good for health. There were several genotypes of cutleaf groundcherry that have the potential to be widely cultivation, but information of doses of NPK fertilizer for those genotypes was still limited. The objective of this experiment was to determine the response of cutleaf groundcherry to different rates of NPK fertilizer. Methods: The experiment was conducted May-September 2019 in dry land field. The experiment used a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was genotypes cutleaf groundcherry (PA 01, PA 02 and PA 03) and the second factor was doses of NPK fertilizer (75, 150 and 225 kg ha-1 NPK). Conclusion: The increased in doses of NPK fertilizer to 225 kg ha-1 NPK increased nutrient uptake, plant growth and fresh fruit weight for each genotype of cutleaf groundcherry. Meanwhile ascorbic acid content increased with a dose of 150 kg ha-1 NPK, but decreased with increased NPK fertilizer rates. The beta-carotene content with 75 kg ha-1 NPK fertilizer was higher than with 150 and 225 kg ha-1 doses. The increase of NPK fertilizer doses otherwise decreases the beta-carotene content for each genotype. Shoot dry weight, fresh fruits weight and ascorbic acid in PA 03 genotype higher than PA 01 and PA 02 genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a simulation of the potential cooling effect that can be harvested from the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) phase change process on the fuel line before being supplied to the combustion chamber. The composition of LPG used was obtained from the average test result of the samples taken periodically in the fuel line with a special gas syringe which were then injected into Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). Effect of fluctuations of LPG composition was also analysed on the energy delivery to the combustion chamber. Furthermore, simulation results showed that the potential cooling that may be harvested from the LPG fuel system on a 2000 cm³ engine was 1.4 kW in the eco-driving mode to be used as a cabin cooler. For a small passenger car that has a cooling load of 3.5 kW, this means the cooling effect from the fuel system is capable of contributing 40% to the cooling load. In conclusion, this potential is very promising and can be applied to countries that not do have the winter experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High productivity of cultivars is still the main goal inbreeding programs of many crops in Indonesia. Efforts to increase maize productivity can be undertaken through systematical management of heterosis and combining ability from heterotic pool for establishing new prosperous hybrid cultivars. Hence, the aims of this research were to construct heterotic groups of maize inbred lines and to elucidate the role of the combining ability in the hybrid performance. Hundred hybrids were developed by crossing inbred lines in a complete diallel fashion. The combining ability of inbred lines was evaluated and analyzed by employing Griffing's method 1, cluster analysis and GGE biplot. The result revealed that the general and specific combining abilities could assign inbred lines into three heterotic groups and had a critical role in the hybrid performance for grain yields. Data recorded from reciprocal crosses tended to show better mean and gave more valuable information for hybrid breeding than direct crosses. The use of the combining ability analysis based on Griffing's and GGE biplot has clearly elucidated all characters observed in both general combining ability and specific combining ability. It would provide comprehensive information for genetic analysis in maize breeding. Three heterotic groups were created. The group 1 consisted of three inbred lines, group 2 had only one inbred line and rest were assigned into group 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soybean productivity can be increased by constant enhancement in the genetic yield potential of the genotypes and to reduce the yield losses due to different factors. The objectives of the present study were to screen and identify the F5 soybean promising lines through agronomic characters and pod shattering resistance. For soybean yield, the selection was made in the segregating populations through pedigree method which resulted in a total of 591 F5 populations and their four parental genotypes (Anjasmoro, G100H, Rajabasa, and Grobogan). Parental cultivar Anjasmoro is highly resistant to pod shattering, whereas the three other parental cultivars are high yielder but medium to susceptible in resistance to pod shattering. For shattering resistance, each soybean line was planted in 4.0 m single row, and then screened as per oven-dry method. Based on resistance to pod shattering, and the resistant gene source (found in cultivar Anjasmoro), 104 populations (16.40%) were selected out of 591 F5 lines and were classified as 'very resistant' to pod shattering. The pod length was one of the important contributors to the pod shattering resistance. New recombinations between Anjasmoro and other susceptible parental genotypes were able to have resistance to pod shattering and perform better for agronomic traits. Through simultaneous selection for pod shattering resistance and agronomic traits, the 30 lines were further selected based on maximum resistance to pod shattering and high grain yield. These selected F5 lines could be used in future breeding program for the development of soybean genotypes with genetic potential of pod shattering resistance and good yield in the tropical regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]