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2. Knowledge Innovation Effect of University Computing Power in China: Evidence from the Top500 Supercomputers

Author

Yang Haodong, Liu Jialin, and Wang Gaofeng

Abstract

With the increasingly prominent characteristics of data-intensive and AI-driven scientific paradigms, computing power has become a crucial pillar of research activities. This study aims to examine the knowledge innovation effects of university supercomputing development by theoretically proposing two mechanisms: the efficiency effect (including technical and nontechnical factors) and the scale effect. Empirically, we match the extracted scientific publications of universities via Web of Science with supercomputer information from the top 500 rankings, constructing a panel dataset of 110 distinguished universities in China. Within the causal inference framework, the spatial difference-in-differences method (spatial DID) is employed to assess the impact of university computing power "upgrades" on knowledge innovation. The research findings include: (1) Overall, supercomputing construction stimulates knowledge innovation in universities, primarily manifested in the increase in the number of general papers and highly cited papers cataloged by the Science Citation Index (SCI). (2) Knowledge innovation effects have a lag period of approximately one--four years and may have a negative impact on innovation in geographically and economically adjacent universities. (3) Supercomputing construction mainly promotes university knowledge innovation by improving innovation efficiency (efficiency effect), accounting for 85.0% [approximately] 96.5% of the total effect. Among these factors, the proportion of nontechnical factors is at most 38.0%. In contrast, the scale effect accounts for a maximum of 15.0%, which is achieved mainly through an increase in the scale of research personnel. (4) There is significant interuniversity heterogeneity in the knowledge innovation effects of supercomputing, with Tsinghua University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Jilin University showing the most significant effects. Additionally, we provide a series of potential optimization utility lists for universities, which, together with benchmark and mechanism tests, constitute a complete policy sandbox.

Published
2025
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48. Experimental Study on Circulation Cooling in Novel Diaphragm Compressor

Author

Yang Qiaoming, Wang Gaofeng, and Zhao Zhaorui

Subjects
hydrogen station, diaphragm compressor, membrane head wrap-around cooling, pressure ratio, Heating and ventilation. Air conditioning, TH7005-7699, Low temperature engineering. Cryogenic engineering. Refrigeration, TP480-498, Technology
Abstract

To promote the development of hydrogen fuel cells, this paper designs a new diaphragm compressor that features diaphragm head wrap-around cooling. A plurality of the first cooling flow channels are provided inside the upper diaphragm head of the diaphragm compressor, which are arranged vertically to each other in the plane with the air inlet pipe and exhaust pipe. The air inlet pipe and exhaust pipe are located between the first cooling flow channels, wherein the first cooling flow channels include a plurality of cooling pipelines, and the cooling pipeline is arranged in an asterisk pattern. The second cooling channel is provided at the end of the lower diaphragm head near the oil chamber side with a cooling line arrangement similar to that of the first cooling line; thus, the diaphragm compressor can be fully cooled inside the diaphragm head. By building a new diaphragm head wrap-around cooling diaphragm compressor test bench, its performance is tested, and the effects of the pressure ratio, inlet gas temperature, and cooling effect of the wrap-around cooling line with the cooling medium temperature change law are analyzed. The test results show that the isentropic and volumetric efficiencies of the diaphragm compressor decrease with the increase in the pressure ratio, and the highest isentropic and volumetric efficiencies can reach 65% and 64%; under the condition of a certain pressure ratio, the exhaust temperature increases with the increase in the inlet gas temperature, and in the case of a similar inlet gas temperature, the higher the pressure ratio the higher the exhaust temperature. The cooling effect of the wrap-around cooling line is more significant under the condition of a large pressure ratio, and the highest can be reduced by 184.5 ℃.

Published
2024
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