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This study estimated the social costs of road traffic crashes (RTCs) in Cameroon, motivated by a lack of empirical evidence for economic loss and social suffering associated with RTCs menace in developing countries particularly Sub-Sahara Africa. A model for estimation of cost based on a combination of valuation methods was developed following international guidelines, and can be adapted for other developing countries similar to Cameroon's context. Five cost components were estimated namely: production loss; human costs; medical costs; property damage costs and administrative costs. Data from the field, secondary databases and transfer values were used together with adjustments for under-reporting of road traffic crash data that is prevalent particularly in developing countries. Total social cost of RTCs in Cameroon in 2018 was USD 3.6 Billion and is equivalent to 3.8% of GDP in 2018. This estimate is way above RTCs cost estimates obtained by studies in Sub-Sahara Africa using the human capital approach, and slightly outside the range of social cost estimates found in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) literature. The estimate is also larger than the conservative figures used for policy purposes such as the current National Road Safety Strategy, implying that under-reporting of RTCs data under-represents apparent socio-economic value of RTCs. The study recommends improvement in the procedures of crash data by operationalizing the recently established centralized RTCs database, as well as adoption of systematic approaches to estimation of crash costs by policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about road crash costs is a valuable input for road safety policy making and it is essential for conducting cost-benefit analysis of road safety interventions. This paper presents a methodology for assessing the socio-economic costs of road crashes as well as an estimate of the volume of these costs in Kazakhstan. Five costs components have been taken into account: medical costs, production loss, human costs, vehicle damage and administrative costs. A hybrid methodological approach has been used, which implies that three different types of methods have been applied to capture all costs: the human capital method (production loss), willingness to pay (human costs) and restitution costs method (other components). Input data were retrieved from existing databases from a variety of road safety stakeholders and other organizations. A household survey was conducted to collect additional information, including the willingness to pay for fatal crash risk reductions. Remaining data gaps have been bridged by using data from other countries. The socio-economic costs of road crashes in Kazakhstan are estimated at $6.8 billion in 2012, which corresponds to 3.3% of GDP. Human costs account for 81% of the total costs, vehicle damage for 11% and production loss for 6%. Administrative and medical costs are relatively very small cost components. More than half of the costs is related to injuries, while fatalities account for about a third of the total costs and property damage only accounts for approximately 10%. • A hybrid methodology for assessing the socio-economic costs of road crashes is presented. • A combination of human capital, willingness to pay and restitution cost methods is applied to include all relevant costs. • Input data are obtained from a large variety of sources, including a household survey capturing willingness to pay. • The socio-economic costs of road crashes in Kazakhstan are estimated at $6.8 billion in 2012, corresponding to 3.3% of GDP. • Human costs have a large share in total costs (81%), followed by vehicle damage (11%) and production loss (6%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]