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Abstract Background The integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) into emergency health systems in China serves as a model for global policy development and refining the inclusion of traditional medicine in health emergencies. Methods This study investigated 13 public health emergency policies related to TCM released by the Chinese central government from 2003–2023. A PMC(Policy Modeling Consistency) index model was developed combining ROSTCM text mining analysis software. The contents of these policy documents were quantitatively assessed using 10 first- and 40 s-level indicators. Results The content analysis results showed that current policies focus on emergency treatment, and that the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine is the issuing authority of the main policies, most of which are issued in the form of a notice. The scoring results for the 13 policies showed that two, five, three, and three policies were rated as excellent, good, qualified, and unqualified, respectively. This indicates that the policy quality related to TCM use in emergency response was normally distributed and generally qualified, although room for further improvement exists; policies should follow the principles of science, reasonableness, and operability, and should be updated in a timely manner with continuous development of the governance period while focusing on the policy content, safeguards, and role measures. Conclusion Effective integration of traditional medicine into health emergency policies backed by state institutions is vital. This includes enforcing relevant laws and regulations, establishing multidisciplinary medical teams, and developing integrated medicine strategies that support clinical research and maximize the unique benefits of traditional medicine.

Pressure injuries are local damage to the skin or underlying tissue caused by the combined action of pressure and shear forces, usually in areas where bones protrude. The correct understanding and effective management of pressure injuries by medical personnel are crucial to the prevention and treatment of pressure sores. Accurate assessment of pressure injuries classification and measurement of wound size is an important basis for pressure injuries management. This study introduces the design and use method of a utility model of wound ruler for measuring pressure injuries, which is simple in structure and easy to use, and can effectively improve the rapid and accurate assessment of pressure injuries by medical staff, and provide a new idea and method for improving the quality of patient care and promoting wound healing. (压力性损伤是由于压力和剪切力共同作用导致的皮肤或皮下组织的局部损伤, 通常发生在骨骼突出部位。准确评估压力性损伤的分级和测量伤口的大小, 是进行压疮管理的重要基础。本研究介绍一款实用新型压力性损伤测量尺的设计和使用方法, 其结构简单, 使用方便, 有助于医务人员快速准确评估压力性损伤情况, 为改善患者护理质量和促进伤口愈合提供可靠数据。)

Currently, China has 32 Earth observation satellites in orbit. The satellites can provide various data such as optical, multispectral, infrared, and radar. The spatial resolution of China Earth observation satellites ranges from low to medium to high. The satellites possess the capability to observe across multiple spectral bands, under all weather conditions, and at all times. The data of China Earth observation satellites has been widely used in fields such as natural resource detection, environmental monitoring and protection, disaster prevention and reduction, urban planning and mapping, agricultural and forestry surveys, land survey and geological prospecting, and ocean forecasting, achieving huge social benefits. This article introduces the recent progress of Earth observation satellites in China since 2022, especially the satellite operation, data archiving, data distribution and data coverage.

ObjectiveTo design a prospective nested case-control study based on a city-wide birth cohort of Shanghai， so as to understand their health status and explore the influencing factors of birth defects.MethodsBased on the birth registration covering the entire city of Shanghai， the nested case-control study of children with severe birth defects was designed. Children born with severe birth defects were selected as the case group， and healthy children were matched as the control group. Basic information， health status， maternal pregnancy history， and survival outcome of children both in the case group and the control group were collected through medical history review and home visits. The logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 18 875 infants born between January 1， 2011， and December 31， 2021， were included， among which 11 500 （60.93%） were children with severe birth defects and 7 375 （39.07%） were healthy children. The logistic regression model analysis showed that being male （OR=1.20， 95%CI：1.13‒1.29）， non-Shanghai residency （OR=1.16， 95%CI： 1.06‒1.25）， multiple births （OR=8.41， 95%CI：6.25‒11.30）， artificial insemination （OR=2.31， 95%CI：1.34‒3.99）， in vitro fertilization （IVF） （OR=1.85， 95%CI：1.44‒2.38）， maternal exposure to radiation （OR=1.83， 95%CI：1.07‒3.14）， maternal illness during pregnancy （OR=1.61， 95%CI：1.49‒1.74）， experiencing a traumatic event during pregnancy （OR=2.34， 95%CI：1.88‒2.92）， paternal chemical exposure （OR=1.88， 95%CI：1.32‒2.69）， paternal radiation exposure （OR=1.65， 95%CI： 1.18‒2.33）， family history of birth defects （OR=8.18， 95%CI： 3.96‒16.89）， being overweight before pregnancy （OR=1.16， 95%CI： 1.07‒1.27）， being obese before pregnancy （OR=1.15， 95%CI：1.03‒1.30）， and being excessively obese before pregnancy （OR=1.52， 95%CI：1.26‒1.83） were risk factors for the occurrence of birth defects. Analysis by type of birth defect found that prematurity was a risk factor for cardiac malformations and cheilopalatoschisis （OR=27.87， 95%CI： 20.84‒37.27）， especially ranking first in cardiac malformations.ConclusionAfter controlling for influencing factors， maternal overweight， obesity， and excessive obesity before pregnancy， artificial insemination， and IVF are independent risk factors for the occurrence of birth defects. Choosing a healthy lifestyle， improving physical and mental health during pregnancy， and controlling BMI during pregnancy are beneficial in reducing the risk of birth defects.

BackgroundMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. Body mass index (BMI) is the most used obesity index but has important limitations. The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a novel obesity metric and accurately reflects body composition. We explored the association of WWI with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in MASLD.MethodsAdult participants with MASLD were included from NHANES 1999-2018. WWI was calculated by dividing the waist circumference (WC) by the square root of body weight. MASLD was diagnosed by the presence of hepatic steatosis and at least one cardiometabolic risk factor in the absence of other causes of steatosis. A fatty liver index ≥60 suggested the presence of hepatic steatosis. Mortality data was obtained by prospectively linking to the National Death Index. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to explore these associations and multiple adjustment models were constructed including crude, partial, and fully adjusted models.ResultsAfter adjusting for all covariates including BMI, WWI remained positively and linearly associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in MASLD (hazard ratios [HR] 1.247 and 1.218, respectively). Higher WWI was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality (both p for trend

Abstract Aim The main focus of this study is to explore the molecular mechanism of IRF7 regulation on RPS18 transcription in M1‐type macrophages in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) tissue, as well as the transfer of RPS18 by IRF7 via exosomes to PAAD cells and the regulation of ILF3 expression. Methods By utilising single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data and spatial transcriptomics (ST) data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we identified distinct cell types with significant expression differences in PAAD tissue. Among these cell types, we identified those closely associated with lipid metabolism. The differentially expressed genes within these cell types were analysed, and target genes relevant to prognosis were identified. Flow cytometry was employed to assess the expression levels of target genes in M1 and M2 macrophages. Cell lines with target gene knockout were constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 editing technology, and cell lines with target gene knockdown and overexpression were established using lentiviral vectors. Additionally, a co‐culture model of exosomes derived from M1 macrophages with PAAD cells was developed. The impact of M1 macrophage‐derived exosomes on the lipid metabolism of PAAD cells in the model was evaluated through metabolomics analysis. The effects of M1 macrophage‐derived exosomes on the viability, proliferation, division, migration and apoptosis of PAAD cells were assessed using MTT assay, flow cytometry, EdU assay, wound healing assay, Transwell assay and TUNEL staining. Furthermore, a mouse PAAD orthotopic implantation model was established, and bioluminescence imaging was utilised to assess the influence of M1 macrophage‐derived exosomes on the intratumoural formation capacity of PAAD cells, as well as measuring tumour weight and volume. The expression of proliferation‐associated proteins in tumour tissues was examined using immunohistochemistry. Results Through combined analysis of scRNA‐seq and ST technologies, we discovered a close association between M1 macrophages in PAAD samples and lipid metabolism signals, as well as a negative correlation between M1 macrophages and cancer cells. The construction of a prognostic risk score model identified RPS18 and IRF7 as two prognostically relevant genes in M1 macrophages, exhibiting negative and positive correlations, respectively. Mechanistically, it was found that IRF7 in M1 macrophages can inhibit the transcription of RPS18, reducing the transfer of RPS18 to PAAD cells via exosomes, consequently affecting the expression of ILF3 in PAAD cells. IRF7/RPS18 in M1 macrophages can also suppress lipid metabolism, cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and intratumoural formation capacity of PAAD cells, while promoting cell apoptosis. Conclusion Overexpression of IRF7 in M1 macrophages may inhibit RPS18 transcription, reduce the transfer of RPS18 from M1 macrophage‐derived exosomes to PAAD cells, thereby suppressing ILF3 expression in PAAD cells, inhibiting the lipid metabolism pathway, and curtailing the viability, proliferation, migration, invasion of PAAD cells, as well as enhancing cell apoptosis, ultimately inhibiting tumour formation in PAAD cells in vivo. Targeting IRF7/RPS18 in M1 macrophages could represent a promising immunotherapeutic approach for PAAD in the future.

ObjectiveTo establish the Shanghai twin birth cohort （STBC） and analyze the effects of genetic factors， shared environment， and non-shared environment interactions on birth health and growth and development of newborns.MethodsBased on the population-wide birth cohort in Shanghai， a comprehensive survey was conducted on the families with double and multiple babies born after January 1， 2015 to collect information on birth health， growth and development， and the family environment of the babies.ResultsBy December 31， 2021， a total of 7 195 pairs （14 405 cases） of twins were successfully included in the STBC survey. The average birth length of twins was 47.2 cm and average birth weight was 2 465.3 g. Heterozygous twins accounted for 69.05% and preterm babies accounted for 57.07%. The average age of the mothers of twins was 31.82 years， and the average age of the fathers was 33.87 years， with more than 80% of the parents having a college degree or above. 44.50% of the mothers used assisted reproductive technologies， 7.40% had illnesses during pregnancy， and 15.90% were exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy. During the survey period， the average monthly increase in the length of the twin infants was 2.09 cm， and the average monthly weight gain was 0.53 kg.ConclusionThe incidence of adverse outcomes such as maternal cesarean section rate， preterm birth， and low birth weight is higher in the twin birth population. Information on birth health as well as growth and development in childhood and adolescence in the twin birth population is collected based on STBC， which can provide a solid data foundation for studying children’s chronic non-communicable diseases， psychological and behavioral disorders and other complex health problems caused by the combined effects of genetics and the environment.

ObjectiveTo elucidate the principles and methods of the Bayesian probabilistic linkage model， and to demonstrate the effect of applying the model in linking birth and death data.MethodsThrough the Shanghai birth and death registration system， data of 199 025 infants born in 2017 and 1 512 infants who died in 2017 and 2018 were collected. After cleaning the data， the data were divided into monthly blocks and fully linked. The Jaro-Winkler algorithm and Euclidean distance were employed to measure the similarity of fields for matching. A Bayesian probabilistic linkage model was constructed and the linking effect was evaluated using a confusion matrix.ResultsUsing the Bayesian probabilistic linkage model， the birth and death data of infants were effectively linked， revealing that 36.71% of infants who died in Shanghai were born outside the city， and the probability of infant death was 2.6‰. The confusion matrix of the test set showed a recall rate of 0.86， precision of 0.76， and an F-score of 0.81.ConclusionThe practical application of Bayesian probabilistic linkage demonstrates a good model performance， enabling the establishment of birth-death cohorts that more accurately reflect the true levels of infant mortality. Utilizing this technique to integrate data from different departments can effectively improve research efficiency in the field of public health.

LincRNA-P21 is a tumor suppressor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Cell adhesion modules play vital roles in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and malignant cancer progression. In this study, we investigate whether lincRNA-P21 exerts its functions by regulating the cell adhesion molecule cadherin 5 (CDH5) in ESCC. Moreover, the RNA binding protein (RBP) mediators of lincRNA-P21 and CDH5 are further examined. Cell viability, growth and migratory ability are assessed by calcein-AM/PI double staining, CCK-8, EdU, Transwell, and wound healing assays. The expression of collagen I and fibronectin is examined by immunofluorescence (IF). LincRNA-P21 and CDH5 are quantified by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Potential lincRNA-P21 targets are identified by RNA sequencing. RBPs that can interact with lincRNA-P21 and CDH5 are identified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. LincRNA-P21 knockdown increases cell viability, growth, cell migration, and collagen I and fibronectin expression in ESCC cells. LincRNA-P21 depletion induces the dysregulation of 316 genes, including CDH5, in TE-1 cells. CDH5 is identified as a downstream molecule of lincRNA-P21 given its close correlation with cell adhesion, ECM reconstruction, and cancer progression. LincRNA-P21 exerts its functions by negatively regulating CDH5 expression. YTH domain containing 1 (YTHDC1) mediates the regulatory effect of lincRNA-P21 on CDH5. LincRNA-P21 knockdown elevates cell viability and growth, promotes cell migration, and induces ECM reorganization by upregulating CDH5 via RBP YTHDC1 in ESCC.

Abstract Background Globally, gastric cancer (GC) is one of the world’s most widespread malignancies, with persistent high mortality and morbidity rates. Increasing evidence now suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in many biological processes, with miR-455-3p having key roles in the progression of diverse cancers. Nevertheless, miR-455-3p function and expression in GC remain unclear. Methods We explored miR-455-3p expression in GC using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). To further examine the effect of miR-455-3p in GC, after transfecting miR-455-3p mimics or inhibitors into GC cells, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation and colony formation assays were performed to examine cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis, and expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Snail, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and Caspase-3 were assessed by western blotting (WB). Using online databases and luciferase assays, we identified armadillo repeat-containing protein 8 (ARMC8) as a promising target of miR-455-3p. A mouse tumor model was established to investigate actions of miR-455-3p in vivo. Expression levels of C-myc, cyclinD1, and β-catenin were examined using WB and immunofluorescence. Results MiR-455-3p expression was attenuated in GC tissue and cell lines. MiR-455-3p overexpression inhibited GC cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as facilitated apoptosis, while suppression of miR-455-3p had the opposite effects. From luciferase assays, we confirmed that ARMC8 was a novel and direct downstream target gene of miR-455-3p, and that the tumor suppressive role of miR-455-3p was in part reversed due to ARMC8 overexpression. Moreover, miR-455-3p inhibited GC growth in vivo via ARMC8. We also observed that miR-455-3p repressed canonical Wnt pathway activation by binding to ARMC8. Conclusions MiR-455-3p exerted tumor inhibitory effects in GC by targeting ARMC8. Therefore, intervening in the miR-455-3p/ARMC8/Wnt/βcatenin axis could be a promising novel treatment strategy for GC.

Fecal DNA test has emerged as a non-invasive alternative for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in average-risk population. However, there is currently insufficient evidence in China to demonstrate the effectiveness of population-based CRC screening using fecal DNA based test. Here, a large-scale real-world study for CRC screening was implemented in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. A total of 98,683 subjects aged between 45 and 60 years were screened by a fecal DNA test (ColoTect®) which detected methylation status of SDC2, ADHFE1, and PPP2R5C. Participants who tested positive were advised to receive diagnostic colonoscopy. 4449 (4.5%) subjects tested positive for fecal DNA test, and 3200 (71.9%) underwent colonoscopy. Among these, 2347 (73.3%) had abnormal colonoscopy findings, of which 1330 (56.7%) subjects received pathological diagnosis. Detection rates for CRC and advanced precancerous lesions were 1.3% and 2.3%, respectively. Detection rates for nonadvanced adenomas and polyps were 14.0% and 21.6%, respectively. 28.0% of all colonoscopies showed colorectal neoplasm but lack pathological diagnosis. 6.1% showed other abnormalities such as enteritis. In conclusion, preliminary real-world evidence suggested that fecal DNA tests had promising diagnostic yield in population-based CRC screening.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=192838, identifier ChiCTR2300070520.

Purpose: Variant interpretation, guided by American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines, can inform clinical decision-making. However, interpretations may change over time for a variety of reasons. Periodic reanalysis of previous variant interpretations is important to ensure that reported genetic findings remain accurate according to current knowledge. Methods: We performed automated filtering by comparing ClinVar variants available in August 2020 with those from August 2021 to screen for potential reanalysis candidates from 3 projects. These variants were subsequently interpreted based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology variant interpretation guideline or ClinGen revised gene-specific guidelines if applicable. Results: Our method annotated 241 unique variants requiring reanalysis, from 3 projects containing 3,832,210 previously interpreted variants, including those filtered automatically. Among these 241 variants, 43 variants changed interpretation, including 55.81% (N = 24) with upgraded and 44.19% (N = 19) with downgraded classifications. An efficiency study showed that our strategy increased the reanalysis efficiency and saved reviewing time. Conclusion: We demonstrated an effective high-throughput method, initiating from external data updates, to achieve variant reanalysis in a clinical laboratory. This filtering method reduced the number of variants that need to be reanalyzed, screened potential variants, and saved time and cost for clinical laboratories.

Objective: In order to make whole wheat sourdough bread (WWSB) using Lactobacillus plantarum lyophilized powder fermentation, and to analyze its processing and storage characteristics. Method: Based on the previous single-factor experiments, the whole wheat sourdough (WWSD) addition and the fermentation time of whole wheat sourdough were selected as the influencing factors, and the final pH, total acidity (TTA), specific volume, hardness and sensory score of the bread were used as the response values to optimize the process formulation of whole wheat sourdough using the Central composite design method. On this basis, wheat bread (WB) and whole wheat bread (WWB) were used as the blank group and the control group, both were stored at 4 ℃ for one week, and samples were taken at day 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 to analyze the whole texture characteristics and water migration of the three breads. Results: The best process recipe for whole wheat sourdough bread was 18% whole wheat sourdough addition and 16 h whole wheat sourdough fermentation time, at which time the whole wheat sourdough bread had pH4.82, TTA 5.62 mL, specific volume 3.47 mL/g, hardness 5.59 N, and sensory score 83. The storage characteristics of the three breads under this processing condition were as follows: The hardness growth rate of WWSB (35.75% and 21.57%) throughout the storage period was less than that of WWB (39.98% and 25.36%) and WB (43.81% and 28.22%) in the early and late stages, the relaxation time T21, T22, and T23 of WWSB decreased at a rate less than that of WWB and WB, especially the decrease rate of semi-bound water T22. Conclusion: The optimized recipe of whole wheat sourdough bread had reasonable conditions and could better inhibit moisture loss and extend the shelf life of the bread during storage.

Three kinds of debranched recrystallized starches from different sources (common corn starch, tapioca starch and pea starch) were used to investigate the effect of substrate concentration on the morphology, size, crystal structure, thermal properties, gel properties and other functional properties. The results showed that the surface of native starch was smooth without pores, and the integrity of debranched recrystallized starches were all destroyed and not significantly affected by concentration. The particle size increased with the increase of substrate concentration. The relative crystallinity of three types of debranched recrystallized starches decreased and then increased with the increase of substrate concentration. Compared with native starch, the storage modulus (G') of the three modified starches was higher than the loss modulus (G"), the gel strength was enhanced, and the thermal stability and degree of order (DO) all decreased while the degree of double helicity (DD) increased. The modified corn starch and tapioca starch showed weak viscoelasticity at lower substrate concentration (6%, 10%), whereas pea starch showed higher viscoelasticity at medium substrate concentration (10%, 14%). The value of DD decreased with increasing substrate concentration (except for 18% sample with substrate concentration). The thermal stability improved with the increase of substrate concentration but was still lower than that of the native starch. It follows that the ideal debranched recrystallized starches could be obtained selectively by adjusting the substrate concentration, which will provide ideas for the integrated utilization of different kinds of starches.

Rapid developments in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine showcased the power of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery systems in fighting infectious diseases. In addition, mRNA therapeutics are also in development for cancer immunotherapy. Recently, mRNA therapy has been expanded to induce immune tolerance, the opposite of immune-boosting effects, to treat diseases involving enhanced immune responses including allergies and autoimmune diseases. mRNA LNPs have been used to treat peanut allergy by us and autoimmune experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by Ugur Sahin. It is expected that more and more research is going to delve into the immune tolerance field for allergies and autoimmune diseases, where effective therapies are in short supply.

Abstract There is growing evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are significant contributors to the epigenetic mechanisms implicated in the emergence, progression and metastasis of the colorectal cancer (CRC), but many remain underexplored. A novel lncRNA LOC105369504, was identified to be a potential functional lncRNA by microarray analysis. In CRC, the expression of LOC105369504 was markedly decreased and resulted in distinct variations in proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vivo and in vitro. This study showed that LOC105369504 bound to the protein of paraspeckles compound 1 (PSPC1) directly and regulated its stability using the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in CRC cells. The suppression of CRC by LOC105369504 could be reversed through PSPC1 overexpression.This study showed that in CRC, LOC105369504 was under-regulated and as a novel lncRNA, LOC105369504 exerted tumor suppressive activity to suppress the proliferation together with metastasis in CRC cells through the regulation of PSPC1. These results offer new perspectives on the lncRNA effect on the progression of CRC.

ObjectiveTo predict the incidence trend of influenza-like illness proportion （ILI%） in Shanghai using the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model （SARIMA）， and to provide an important reference for timely prevention and control measures.MethodsTime series analysis was performed on ILI% surveillance data of Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention from the 15th week of 2015 to the 52nd week of 2019， and a prediction model was established. Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average （SARIMA） model was established using data from the foregoing 212 weeks， and prediction effect of the model was evaluated using data from the latter 36 weeks.ResultsFrom the 15th week of 2015 to the 52nd week of 2019， the average ILI% in Shanghai was 1.494%， showing an obvious epidemic peak. SARIMA（1，0，0） （2，0，0） 52 was finally modeled. The residual of the model was white noise sequence， and the true values were all within the 95% confidence interval of the predicted values.ConclusionSARIMA（1，0，0） （2，0，0） 52 can be used for the medium term prediction of ILI% in Shanghai， and can play an early warning role for the epidemic and outbreak of influenza in Shanghai.

The sulfidation of nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has received increasing attention for reducing the oxidizability of nZVI and improving its reactivity toward heavy metal ions. Here, a sulfide (S)-modified attapulgite (ATP)-supported nanoscale nZVI composite (S-nZVI@ATP) was rapidly synthesized under acidic conditions and used to alleviate Cd2+ toxicity from an aqueous solution. The degree of oxidation of S-nZVI@ATP was less than that of nZVI@ATP, indicating that the sulfide modification significantly reduced the oxidation of nZVI. The optimal loading ratio was at an S-to-Fe molar ratio of 0.75, and the adsorption performance of S-nZVI@ATP for Cd2+ was significantly improved compared with that of nZVI@ATP. The removal of Cd2+ by S-nZVI@ATP was 100% when the adsorbent addition was 1 g/L, the solution was 30 mL, and the adsorption was performed at 25 °C for 24 h with an initial Cd2+ concentration of 100 mg/L. Kinetics studies showed that the adsorption process of Cd followed the pseudo-second-order model, indicating that chemisorption was the dominant adsorption mechanism. The adsorption of Cd2+ by S-nZVI @ATP is dominated by the complexation between the iron oxide or iron hydroxide shell of S-nZVI and Cd2+ and the formation of Cd(OH)2 and CdS precipitates. HIGHLIGHTS S-nZVI was loaded on ATP, effectively preventing nZVI agglomeration, and the sulfide modification significantly reduced the oxidation of nZVI.; Cd2+ removal was mailly attributed to complex with the iron oxides or iron hydroxide shell of S-nZVI.; S-nZVI@ATP showed a stable adsorption effect on Cd2+ over a wide pH range.; The removal of Cd2+ by S-nZVI@ATP follows the quasi-second-order kinetic adsorption model.;

A variety of diseases have clinical symptoms, endoscopic manifestations and histo-pathology which are similar to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). These can affect its diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and have attracted the attention of doctors in recent years. This article expounds the key points of the related diseases that interfere with the diagnosis of IBD so as to help clinicians im-prove the diagnosis rate and reduce its missed and misdiagnosis diagnosis rates.

Taking a high-rise frame-shear wall structure project in Jilin Province as an example, combined with current specifications, standards, and regulations, this paper proposes the design and construction method of the scaffold support system for the high-low span and high formwork between the basement and the main structure；In the construction, the side formwork of the high-low span beam adopts the method of suspending formwork, and the combination of fixing support and drawing bolts on both sides. The floor slab is poured first, followed by the high-low span, and the pouring is carried out in layers and sections, ensuring the quality of the project and shortening the construction period. After construction verification, the various acceptance values are better than the current engineering acceptance evaluation standard values, and it is safe and reliable. This provides a reference for the design and construction of similar high-low span and high-formwork projects in frame structures.

With the acceleration of urban modernization, the protection and utilization of historical and cultural heritage is facing unprecedented challenges. How to realize the integrated development of the protection and utilization of the ancient city has become a key issue for the sustainable development of a city.As a famous historical and cultural city in China, Qingzhou ancient City bears rich historical information, accumulates profound cultural deposits, and presents distinct regional cultural characteristics.This paper expounds the general situation of cultural resources of Qingzhou ancient city, analyzes the basic problems in the process of protection and utilization of Qingzhou ancient city, and puts forward the ideas, strategies and specific measures of the integration of protection and utilization of the ancient city from the perspective of cultural capital.It provides a new concept, correct thinking and scientific technical method for the protection and utilization of qingzhou ancient city, and has important guiding significance for promoting the sustainable development of qingzhou famous historical and cultural city.

With the continuous development of information technology, people's lifestyle and the quality of life have further improved, people's demand for medical and health is also increasing, "smart healthcare" happens to meet people's growing demand of medical and health services. This article briefly overviews of the development of smart healthcare, surrounded by the definition of smart healthcare, the development of smart healthcare, the role of smart healthcare, the safety of smart healthcare, and the prospect of smart healthcare.

AIM: To observe the efficacy of addition and subtraction of Buyang Huanwu decoction in the adjuvant treatment of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy of Qi-Yin deficiency and blood stasis and its effects on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and visual function level. METHODS: A total of 110 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy of Qi-Yin deficiency and blood stasis in our hospital between January 2017 and December 2019 were selected and divided into observation group(55 cases, 110 eyes)and control group(55 cases, 110 eyes). Patients in control group received conventional treatment according to the condition of patients with reference to relevant guidelines, and patients in observation group were combined with addition and subtraction of Buyang Huanwu decoction adjuvant therapy on this basis. The clinical efficacy after 3mo of treatment, and TCM syndromes scores, clinical indicators(macular edema score, macular retinal volume, macular foveal retinal thickness), visual function(best corrected visual acuity, average visual field sensitivity)and serum biochemical indicators [vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1)] before treatment and 3mo after treatment were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: After 3mo of treatment, the total effective rate of treatment in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(P

Background and aimsWe aim to analyze the difference in quantitative features between culprit and non-culprit intracranial plaque without substantial stenosis using three-dimensional high-resolution vessel wall MRI (3D hr-vw-MRI).MethodsThe patients with cerebral ischemic symptoms of the unilateral anterior circulation were recruited who had non-stenotic intracranial atherosclerosis (

Background: COVID-19 has rapidly become a major health emergency worldwide. The characteristic, outcome, and risk factor of COVID-19 in patients with decompensated cirrhosis remain unclear. Methods: Medical records were collected from 23 Chinese hospitals. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis and age- and sex-matched non-liver disease patients were enrolled with 1:4 ratio using stratified sampling. Results: There were more comorbidities with higher Chalson Complication Index (p < 0.001), higher proportion of patients having gastrointestinal bleeding, jaundice, ascites, and diarrhea among those patients (p < 0.05) and in decompensated cirrhosis patients. Mortality (p < 0.05) and the proportion of severe ill (p < 0.001) were significantly high among those patients. Patients in severe ill subgroup had higher mortality (p < 0.001), MELD, and CRUB65 score but lower lymphocytes count. Besides, this subgroup had larger proportion of patients with abnormal (PT), activated partial thromboplatin time (APTT), D-Dimer, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBL) and Creatinine (Cr) (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression for severity shown that MELD and CRUB65 score reached significance. Higher Child-Pugh and CRUB65 scores were found among non-survival cases and multivariate logistic regression further inferred risk factors for adverse outcome. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves also provided remarkable demonstrations for the predictive ability of Child-Pugh and CRUB65 scores. Conclusions: COVID-19 patients with cirrhosis had larger proportion of more severely disease and higher mortality. MELD and CRUB65 score at hospital admission may predict COVID-19 severity while Child-Pugh and CRUB65 score were highly associated with non-survival among those patients.

Background: No specific drug for COVID-19 has been found, and many studies have found that different degrees of liver injury often occurred after infection with COVID-19. Glycyrrhizic acid preparation (GAP) has been frequently used clinically, often combined with conventional treatments such as antiviral therapy, to improve the prognosis of COVID-19 and patients’ liver function.Aims: To critically review and analyze clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of GAP in the treatment of COVID-19 alone and COVID-19 with comorbid liver injury.Methods: A systematic literature review was performed following a sensitive searching strategy that examines all articles published in “WHO COVID-19 Research Database,” “Cochrane Library,” “VIP,” “CNKI,” “Wanfang,” and “CBM” from 2020 to July 2022. Articles were evaluated by peer reviewers and used Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools to complete the assessment of the risk of bias.Results: Ten clinical studies were finally included, involving 598 patients with COVID-19, of whom 189 were confirmed to be with comorbid liver injury. The main GAPs used are diammonium glycyrrhizinate and magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate, which have shown efficacy in improving liver function, inhibiting inflammation, and enhancing immunity. We are still seeking more related research.Conclusion: Glycyrrhizic acid preparations (mainly diammonium glycyrrhizinate and magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate) have a considerable clinical effect on improving liver function in patients with COVID-19 alone or with comorbid liver injury. Further studies on the use of GAP in the treatment of COVID-19 with comorbid liver injury and its mechanism are still needed.Systematic Review Registration: [www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier [CRD42021234647].

AIM: To explore the efficacy of Qiju Dihuang decoction combined with sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of xerophthalmia after cataract surgery.METHODS: A total of 120 patients with xerophthalmia after cataract surgery admitted to our hospital were selected between January 2018 and January 2020, and randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with sodium hyaluronate eye drops alone, and the observation group was given Qiju Dihuang decoction combined with sodium hyaluronate eye drops, and they were treated for 1mo. The clinical efficacy, Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndromes scores, tear film break-up time(BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt), corneal fluorescein staining(FL)and quality of life [25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire(NEI-VFQ-25)]were compared between the two groups.RESULTS:After treatment, the total effective rate of treatment was 93% in observation group and was 75% in control group(P

Abstract Background Intracranial artery dissection (IAD) often causes headache and cerebral vascular ischemic events. The imaging characteristics of IAD remain unclear. This study aims to characterize the appearance of culprit and non-culprit IAD using high-resolution cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (hrCMR) and quantify the incremental value of hrCMR in identifying higher risk lesions. Methods Imaging data from patients who underwent intervention examination or treatment using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and hrCMR using a 3 T CMR system within 30 days after the onset of neurological symptoms were collected. The CMR protocol included diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), black blood T1-, T2- and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences. Lesions were classified as culprit and non-culprit according to imaging findings and patient clinical presentations. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the difference between culprit and non-culprit lesions and complementary value of hrCMR in identifying higher risk lesions. Results In total, 75 patients were included in this study. According to the morphology, lesions could be classified into five types: Type I, classical dissection (n = 50); Type II, fusiform aneurysm (n = 1); Type III, long dissected aneurysm (n = 3); Type IV, dolichoectatic dissecting aneurysm (n = 9) and Type V, saccular aneurysm (n = 12). Regression analyses showed that age and hypertension were both associated with culprit lesions (age: OR, 0.83; 95% CI 0.75–0.92; p

Wheat–maize rotation is one of the most popular systems and successful intensification cropping systems in Northern China, while soils in some of this area are contaminated by cadmium (Cd). However, few studies have performed experiments on the reduction of Cd accumulation in the wheat–maize rotation system. In this study, wheat- and maize-derived biochars are applied to the Cd-contaminated soil to reduce the Cd accumulation in the wheat and maize plants. The results showed that soil biochar applications can significantly decrease DTPA-extracted Cd concentrations by 12.7–26.0% and 13.1–20.5% by wheat- and maize-derived biochars, respectively. Sequential extractions showed that biochar applications significantly reduced the Cd mobility and bioavailability in soils and changed the exchangeable and carbonate-bound fractions of Cd to organic material-bound and residual fractions. The biochar applications increased the plant growth, yield, and quality of both wheat and maize, especially a significant increase in high dosages. The biochar applications also improved the antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced the reduction of MDA in both wheat and maize roots. The Cd concentrations in wheat grains were reduced by 38.1–91.5% and 65.9–80%, and maize grain Cd concentrations were reduced by 20.9–54.2% and 30.8–44% by wheat- and maize-derived biochar applications, respectively, and the Cd concentrations in the root, stem, and leaf were also significantly reduced. The wheat-derived biochar was more effective on the Cd reduction in soil bioavailable fractions and Cd accumulation in crop plants.

【Objective】 Water retention curve is a parameter describing the ability of a soil to hold water; it is modulated by soil structure and texture. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of using clay content to estimate water retention curve of a sandy soil. 【Method】 The sandy soil used in the experiment was sieved to two groups first, and 12 soils with different clay contents were made by thoroughly mixing soils taken from the two groups at different mass fractions. The water retention curve of each sample was measured in laboratory, from which we calculated the pore size distribution and analyzed the impact of the clay content. 【Result】 When bulk density was 1.55 g/cm3, increasing clay content by 1.9 times led to a 28.6% decrease in volume of pores with diameters in the range of 0.03~1 mm, and six times increase in volume of pores with diameter in the range of 200 nm~0.03 mm. Fitting the curves to the van Genuchten formula showed that the parameters θs and α in the formula were positively proportional to the clay content, while the parameter θr was negatively proportional to the clay content; the parameter n in the formula decreased exponentially with the clay content. 【Conclusion】 There were close correlations between all parameters in the van Genuchten formula and the clay content in the sandy soil we studied. These correlations, along with the van Genuchten formula, can be used to estimate the water retention curve of the sandy soil after its clay content changes due to cultivation and/or erosion. For all soils with different clay contents we studied, the absolute errors between the estimated and the observed water contents were less than 15%. These results have implications for numerical simulation of water flow and solute transport in these soils.

Pancreatic cancer cells are characterized by high cell proliferation and low cell apoptosis, but the factors involved in these processes remain to be further studied. In this study, we report that miR-324-5p regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells through regulating the expression of Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3). In both pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines, the levels of miR-324-5p are significantly increased. Inhibition of miR-324-5p represses cell proliferation but promotes cell apoptosis, whereas overexpression of miR-324-5p exerts the opposite effect. Furthermore, we identified KLF3, a factor regulating pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, as a new direct downstream target of miR-324-5p. Our results suggest that miR-324-5p plays an important role in pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis via downregulating the expression of KLF3.

Background/purpose: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies which accounts for approximately 90% of all malignant oral tumours. SAMMSON is a lncRNA located on chromosome 3p13–3p14 and is known to act as an oncogene in several malignancies. However, its expression and clinical significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain mostly unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression and clinical relevance of lncRNA SAMMSON in human OSCC. Materials and methods: Human OSCC cell lines (Tca8113, SCC9, SCC25, CAL27, HN12, HSU3, FADU) and a human normal oral keratinocyte cell line (HNOK) were used to detect the difference of SAMMSON expression. A total of 90 OSCC patients confirmed by pathological and clinical diagnoses at the Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, Shandong University were enrolled. The mRNA expression level was analyzed by reverse transcription PCR (QRT-PCR). Statistical analyses including Student's t-test, chi-square method, Kaplan-Meier method, Univariate and, Multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to analyse all data. Results: This study showed that the expression of SAMMSON was significantly increased in OSCC tissues and cell lines. High SAMMSON expression was significantly associated with TMN stage, tumour differentiation, lymph node metastasis distant metastasis and neighboring tissue infiltration. Patients with high expression of SAMMSON had poor overall survival and disease-free survival compared to those with low levels. Cox regression analysis showed that SAMMSON could act as an independent prognostic factor in OSCC. Conclusion: Serum SAMMSON expression was associated with tumour SAMMSON expression. ROC curve analysis indicated the high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of serum SAMMSON expression in OSCC patients as compared to other traditional serum biomarker SCCA, TSGF, and CEA. These results indicated that SAMMSON might play an essential role in OSCC progression and could serve as a novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in OSCC.

To store energy from the grid into spiral torsion spring (STS) smoothly and efficiently via PMSM, a multi-objective control problem of flexible load's vibration, PMSM's torque ripple, and electrical loss is raised, where the current studies on vibration and torque ripple are mostly addressed separately, not to mention electrical loss. This research attempts to propose a multi-objective integrative control scenario that can simultaneously solve these problems satisfactorily in a unitary nonlinear control framework. Firstly, a dynamic mathematical model of PMSM is built under stator current vector orientation, and then the model of PMSM is combined with the vibration model of STS to establish the overall system model of STS driven by PMSM with considering motor's electrical loss. Then, a backstepping control principle-based multi-objective integrative control approach is proposed to realize the suppression of flexible load's vibration and the reduction of PMSM's torque ripple and electrical loss concurrently. Meanwhile, this research also designs a wide range speed identification method based on the least square algorithm with a forgetting factor. Simulation and experimental results have verified that the proposed integrative control method enables the state variables to track their respective references quickly and accurately, both torque ripple and load vibration are effectively suppressed, and the operating efficiency of the whole system is improved.

In order to solve the problem of comprehensive utilization of concentrated brine in coal chemical industry, the flocculating settlement test was carried out by using concentrated brine instead of coagulant in coal chemical industry, and the effect of pH and gangue content on concentrated brine was investigated. In this paper, the Turbiscan Lab stability analyzer is used to analyze the stability of coal slurry system with different concentration of concentrated brine. The sedimentation rate and supernatant turbidity of coal slurry are analyzed by image analysis method. The results show that the gangue minerals in this coal sample are mainly kaolinite and quartz, and the clay minerals are mostly kaolinite. The coal chemical concentrated brine is used as a coagulant.With the increase of its dosage, the stability of slime water first becomes weak and then stronger, and the settlement effect is the best when the stability is the worst. However, the addition of excessive brine will introduce too many cations, which will lead to the stabilization of slime water. The higher the waste rock content, the more difficult the coal slurry to settle. The coal slurry settlement effect gets better and then worse with the decreasing of pH value. The optimum settlement condition is pH=5.

Abstract Background Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a genetically heterogeneous, hereditary disease characterized by limb-girdle weakness and histologically dystrophic changes. The prevalence of each subtype of LGMD varies among different ethnic populations. This study for the first time analyzed the phenotypes and genotypes in Taiwanese patients with LGMD in a referral center for neuromuscular diseases (NMDs). Results We enrolled 102 patients clinically suspected of having LGMD who underwent muscle biopsy with subsequent genetic analysis in the previous 10 years. On the basis of different pathological categories, we performed sequencing of target genes or panel for NMDs and then identified patients with type 1B, 1E, 2A, 2B, 2D, 2I, 2G, 2 N, and 2Q. The 1B patients with LMNA mutation presented with mild limb-girdle weakness but no conduction defect at the time. All 1E patients with DES mutation exhibited predominantly proximal weakness along with distal weakness. In our cohort, 2B and 2I were the most frequent forms of LGMD; several common or founder mutations were identified, including c.1097_1099delACA (p.Asn366del) in DES, homozygous c.101G > T (p.Arg34Leu) in SGCA, homozygous c.26_33dup (p.Glu12Argfs*20) in TCAP, c.545A > G (p.Tyr182Cys), and c.948delC (p.Cys317Alafs*111) in FKRP. Clinically, the prevalence of dilated cardiomyopathy in our patients with LGMD2I aged > 18 years was 100%, much higher than that in European cohorts. The only patient with LGMD2Q with PLEC mutation did not exhibit skin lesions or gastrointestinal abnormalities but had mild facial weakness. Muscle imaging of LGMD1E and 2G revealed a more uniform involvement than did other LGMD types. Conclusion Our study revealed that detailed clinical manifestation together with muscle pathology and imaging remain critical in guiding further molecular analyses and are crucial for establishing genotype–phenotype correlations. We also determined the common mutations and prevalence for different subtypes of LGMD in our cohort, which could be useful when providing specific care and personalized therapy to patients with LGMD.

Abstract Background This is the second part of a large spectrum systematic review which aims to identify and assess the evidence for the efficacy of non-pharmacological acupuncture techniques in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The results of all techniques except for filiform needle are described in this publication. Methods Eleven different databases were screened for randomised controlled trials up to June 2019. Authors in pairs extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias independently. RevMan 5.3 software was used for the meta-analysis. Results Thirty-three trials met the inclusion criteria, which involved the follow techniques: AcuTENS (7 trials), moxibustion (11 trials), acupressure (7 trials), ear acupuncture (6 trials), acupressure and ear acupuncture combined (1 trial) and cupping (1 trial). Due to the great heterogeneity, only 7 meta-analysis could be performed (AcuTENS vs sham on quality of life and exercise capacity, acupressure vs no acupressure on quality of life and anxiety and ear acupuncture vs sham on FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) with only acupressure showing statistical differences for quality of life (SMD: -0.63 95%CI: − 0.88, − 0.39 I2 = 0%) and anxiety (HAM-A scale MD:-4.83 95%CI: − 5.71, − 3.94 I2 = 0%). Conclusions Overall, strong evidence in favour of any technique was not found. Acupressure could be beneficial for dyspnoea, quality of life and anxiety, but this is based on low quality trials. Further large well-designed randomised control trials are needed to elucidate the possible role of acupuncture techniques in the treatment of COPD. Trial registration PROSPERO (identifier: CRD42014015074 ).

High tumour programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) after tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy in ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the characteristics of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and their prognostic values in ALK-rearranged NSCLC are unknown. Here, we collected tumour tissues from pretreated ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients, immunohistochemical staining was used to assess PD-L1 expression, and tumour-infiltrating immune cells were determined via multiplex immunofluorescence staining (mIF). Our data showed that the median values of PFS for the high PD-L1 group and low PD-L1 group who received ALK-TKI treatment were 4.4 and 16.4 months, respectively (p = 0.008). The median overall survival (OS) of the two groups was 24.0 months and not reached, respectively (p = 0.021). Via univariate and multivariate analyses, a high PD-L1 expression and a worse ECOG PS were determined to be independent prognostic factors of OS (HR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.23–9.11, p = 0.018; HR = 6.42, 95% CI: 1.45–28.44, p = 0.014, respectively). In addition, the high PD-L1 group had increased Tregs and exhausted CD8+ T cells in both the tumour and stroma (all p < 0.05). High PD-L1 expression was an adverse predictive and prognostic biomarker for ALK-rearranged NSCLC. The characteristics of the TME in patients with high PD-L1 expression were shown to have an immunosuppressive status.

Eosinophilic meningitis due to rat lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, is a global public health concern. Human cases and outbreaks have occurred in the new endemic areas, including South America and Spain. The growing genetic data of A. cantonensis provides a unique opportunity to explore the global spread pattern of the parasite. Eight more mitochondrial (mt) genomes were sequenced by the present study. The phylogeny of A. cantonensis by Bayesian inference showed six clades (I–VI) determined by network analysis. A total of 554 mt genomes or fragments, which represented 1472 specimens of rat lungworms globally, were used in the present study. We characterized the gene types by mapping a variety of mt gene fragments to the known complete mt genomes. Six more clades (I2, II2, III2, V2, VII and VIII) were determined by network analysis in the phylogenies of cox1 and cytb genes. The global distribution of gene types was visualized. It was found that the haplotype diversity of A. cantonensis in Southeast and East Asia was significantly higher than that in other regions. The majority (78/81) of samples beyond Southeast and East Asia belongs to Clade II. The new world showed a higher diversity of Clade II in contrast with the Pacific. We speculate that rat lungworm was introduced from Southeast Asia rather than the Pacific. Therefore, systematic research should be conducted on rat lungworm at a global level in order to reveal the scenarios of spread.

Heterogeneous land development opportunities induced by spatial regulation produce different advantages in areas, which undoubtedly differentiates farmers’ employment. The aim of this study was to quantitatively examine its impact. We selected Moshui Lake City Park (urban development planning area), Sino-French Eco-City (industrial development planning area), and Chenhu International Wetland (ecological protection planning area) as its principal research areas. These regions are all located in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China. After obtaining 907 valid responses from rural households, the Tobit model was adopted to identify the impact of land development opportunities on farmers’ nonfarm employment. The results show that, first, industrial development opportunity (IDO) and urban development opportunity (UDO) provide more job security than the reference group, which is ecological development opportunity (EDO), with the estimated coefficients of IDO and UDO being 0.325 and 0.944, respectively. However, a negative correlation was found between UDO and farmers’ employment selection and income. Second, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the promotion effect of land development opportunities on farmers’ employment is more significant for low- and middle-income, low-quantity, and high-quality households. Finally, further analysis shows that IDO can promote employment for all age groups, but UDO inhibits the elderly labor force from getting employed. These findings provide evidence-based insights which can enable the government to formulate land value-added distribution systems that promote balanced development between regions and stakeholders.

In practical human–computer interaction, a hand gesture recognition method based on improved YOLOv5 is proposed to address the problem of low recognition accuracy and slow speed with complex backgrounds. By replacing the CSP1_x module in the YOLOv5 backbone network with an efficient layer aggregation network, a richer combination of gradient paths can be obtained to improve the network’s learning and expressive capabilities and enhance recognition speed. The CBAM attention mechanism is introduced to filtering gesture features in channel and spatial dimensions, reducing various types of interference in complex background gesture images and enhancing the network’s robustness against complex backgrounds. Experimental verification was conducted on two complex background gesture datasets, EgoHands and TinyHGR, with recognition accuracies of mAP0.5:0.95 at 75.6% and 66.8%, respectively, and a recognition speed of 64 FPS for 640 × 640 input images. The results show that the proposed method can recognize gestures quickly and accurately with complex backgrounds, and has higher recognition accuracy and stronger robustness compared to YOLOv5l, YOLOv7, and other comparative algorithms.

Purpose: Cerebral aspergillosis (CA) is a rare but often fatal, difficult-to-diagnose, opportunistic infection. The utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for diagnosis of CA is unclear. We evaluated the usefulness of mNGS of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the diagnosis of CA.Methods: This prospective study involved seven consecutive patients with confirmed CA in whom CSF mNGS was performed. Serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan and galactomannan levels were determined, and histopathological examination and mNGS of the CSF were conducted. CSF specimens from three non-infected patients were used as positive controls.Results: mNGS of the CSF was positive in six of the seven confirmed CA cases (85.71% sensitivity). In the cryptococcal meningitis group (control), mNGS of the CSF was positive for Aspergillus in two patients (84.62% specificity). The positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and Youden’s index of mNGS for CA in the CSF were 5.565, 0.169, and 0.7, respectively. Among the six mNGS-positive cases, more than two Aspergillus species were found in four (4/6, 66.67%). In the positive controls, the addition of one A. fumigatus spore yielded a standardised species-specific read number (SDSSRN) of 25.45 by mNGS; the detection rate would be 0.98 if SDSSRN was 2.Conclusion: mNGS facilitates the diagnosis of CA and may reduce the need for cerebral biopsy in patients with suspected CA.Trial Registration Number: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1800020442.

BackgroundIncreasing researches have been reported that epigenetic alterations play critical roles in ESCC development. However, the role of the histone demethylase KDM4D in ESCC tumorigenesis is poorly investigated. This study aims to discover the underlying mechanisms between KDM4D and ESCC progression.MethodsCCK-8 assays, clone formation assay and soft-agar assays were performed to assess cell proliferation. Transwell assay was utilized to assess cell migration efficiency, while sphere formation assay was used to evaluate the cell self-renewal ability. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to identify prognostic factors and predict the potential E3 ubiquitin ligases. In vitro ubiquitination assay was conducted to confirm the regulations between SYVN1 and HMGB1. The mRNA levels or protein levels of genes were detected by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. In vivo tumor xenograft models were used to determine whether the HMGB1 inhibition affected the malignant features of ESCC cells.ResultEpigenome screening and low-throughput validations highlighted that KDM4D is a tumor suppressor in ESCC. KDM4D expressed lowly in tumors that predicts poor prognosis. KDM4D deficiency significantly enhanced tumor growth, migration and stemness. Mechanistically, KDM4D transcriptionally activates SYVN1 expressions via H3K9me3 demethylation at the promoter region, thereby triggering the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of HMGB1. Low KDM4D depended on accumulated HMGB1 to drive ESCC progression and aggressiveness. Targeting HMGB1 (Glycyrrhizin) could remarkably suppress ESCC tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, especially in KDM4D-deficient cells.ConclusionsWe systematically identified KDM4D/SYVN1/HMGB1 axis in ESCC progression, proving novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.

Retinal endothelial cells (RECs) are involved in many ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. Salicin is the major ingredient of willow bark extract, and it has been shown to be a potent anti-inflammatory agent. We aim to explore whether salicin has a vascular protective effect in RECs. Our data indicate that the presence of salicin in RECs culture media ameliorates interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4) expression. At the cellular level, salicin attenuates IL-1β-induced mitochondrial injury as revealed by its preservation on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Furthermore, salicin inhibits IL-1β-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular adhesion molecules such as intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (iCAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and high-mobility group protein 1 (HMGB-1). On the other hand, salicin recovers IL-1β-induced reduction of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) release. The presence of salicin significantly reduces the IL-1β-induced release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), indicating that it mitigates cytokine caused cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, we show that salicin suppresses IL-1β-induced activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling as revealed by its suppression on nuclear p65 protein and transfected NF-κB promoter. Collectively, our study demonstrates by multiple facets of its mechanisms that salicin is a protective agent in retinal endothelial cells. These results imply its potential use in therapeutic usage of retinal disease.

A software package, MRISim, for virtual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data acquisition and image reconstruction was developed based on numerical simulation techniques. Virtual MRI data acquisition could be achieved through physical-mathematical modeling of the equipment and samples (i.e., phantom or human body). Image reconstruction of the virtual data was performed in the same manner as that in a real desktop MRI scanner. The software could also be applied for visualization of the features and causes of a variety of MRI artifacts, with the acquisition and processing parameters in the real experiments. MRISim was demonstrated as an efficient and reliable tool to conduct virtual MRI experiments, avoiding high expense of MRI training on real instruments.

The training of large-scale corpora is an important basic work for the automatic detection of Chinese texts using the trigram N-gram algorithm. Faced with up to one million pieces of data to be processed by the new media platform per day, there is a computational bottleneck in the construction of a single-node trigram N-gram language model lexicon. Based on the deep research of the trigram N-gram algorithm, the idea of trigram N-gram parallelization algorithm based on MapReduce programming model is proposed. In the MapReduce programming model, the arithmetic tasks are evenly distributed to m nodes. The main task of the trigram N-gram algorithm in the Map function part is to calculate the number of times the local words are matched with the first two words, while the main part of the Reduce function，its task is to merge the number of occurrences of the statistical word matching in the Map part to generate global statistical results. The experimental results show that the MapReduce-based trigram N-gram parallelization algorithm running on Hadoop clusters has good performance and scalability. For a 12 billion word-per-day training corpus data set, the algorithm is obtained in a cluster environment. The rate of training results is more linear.

Introduction COVID-19 is a highly infectious acute pneumonia. Glycyrrhizic acid preparation (GAP) has been found to have hepatoprotective and antiviral effects, but there is no supporting evidence on its efficacy and security for patients with COVID-19.Methods and analysis The systematic review methods will be defined by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. This study will start on 1 July 2021 and end on 31 October 2021. A comprehensive electronic search will be conducted with the search of Web of Science, PubMed, Ovid web, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific and Journal Database, Wanfang Database and grey literature, and manual search will be conducted to search literature of randomised controlled trials, single-arm trials and retrospective studies about GAP in the treatment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug-induced liver injury from 1 December 2019 to 1 July 2021. There is no time limitations of publication and language will be restricted to Chinese and English. Retrieved studies will be independently screened by two researchers and relevant data will be extracted from studies. Interstudy heterogeneity will be assessed using the I2 statistic and explored through meta-regressions and subgroup analyses. Depending on data availability, we plan to conduct subgroup analyses by study population, geographical region and other selected clinical variables of interest. Quality assessment of the studies will be performed. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions will be used to assess the risk of bias, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to access the confidence in cumulative evidence.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval will not be required for no primary data of individual patients will be collected. The final report will be shared with the scientific community through publication in a peer-reviewed journal, as well as with key stakeholders, including patients, healthcare professionals and those working on COVID-19 research.PROSPERO registration number CRD42021234647.