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Abstract Background Within 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing interest has been given to its potential influence on health status due to lockdowns caused by the pandemic. However, the impact is inadequately understood, especially for college students. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between psychological stress, anxiety and oral health of college students during the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An online survey with measurements of psychological stress, anxiety and oral health was completed by 1770 Chinese college students. The Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to measure psychological stress and anxiety, respectively. Oral health status was self-reported including toothache, gingival bleeding, and oral ulcer. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine underlying associations for outcome variables. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to confirm the relationship between mental and oral health status. Results Of the 1770 subjects, 39.2% presented high psychological stress and only 41.2% expressed no anxiety. A significant association was found between psychological stress, anxiety and oral health status. Anxiety has significant impacts on toothache (OR = 0.36; 95%CI: 0.23–0.55; p

Background The prevalence and epidemiology of pre-treatment drug resistance (PDR) and acquired drug resistance (ADR) among HIV-infected individuals vary considerably in different regions of China. Both types of drug resistance have adverse effects on the antiviral treatment outcomes for patients, potentially exacerbating their poor prognosis. Currently, there is a paucity of research on the prevalence and epidemiology of PDR and ADR among HIV-infected individuals in Southwest China. Objective This study investigated the prevalence and epidemiology of pre-treatment drug resistance and acquired drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Southwest China. Methods This was a large cross-sectional study that enrolled PLWH who visited Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center between January 1, 2021, and June 30, 2023, and underwent drug resistance gene testing. HIV-1 genotype and drug resistance were analyzed using HIV-1 pol sequence. The Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database was used to analyze major drug resistance mutations in the reverse transcriptase and protease Sanger sequences. Risk factors associated with pre-treatment drug resistance were evaluated using a Logistic regression model. Results A total of 1 613 individuals were included in the study, with 824 ART-naive and 789 ART-experienced. The most common genotype among ART-naive patients was B+C (47.0%), and the drug resistance rate was 18.7% (154/824) with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) accounting for 14.9% (123/824), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) accounting for 1.7% (14/824), protease inhibitors (PIs) accounting for 2.7% (22/824), and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) accounting for 1.9% (16/824). Among the ART-experienced patients, the most common genotype was CRF01-AE (37.4%), with a drug resistance rate of 27.8% (219/789). The mutation rates for NNRTIs, NRTIs, PIs, and INSTIs were 7.7% (61/789), 19.3% (152/789), 2.7% (21/789), and 1.1% (9/789), respectively. Furthermore, multivariate Logistic regression modeling revealed that transmission route, CD4+ T-cell count, viral load, and the time interval between diagnosis and ART initiation were associated with an increased risk of pre-treatment drug resistance (P