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The quasiparticle effective mass $m^\ast$ of interacting electrons is a fundamental quantity in the Fermi liquid theory. However, the precise value of the effective mass of uniform electron gas is still elusive after decades of research. The newly developed neural canonical transformation approach [Xie et al., J. Mach. Learn. 1, (2022)] offers a principled way to extract the effective mass of electron gas by directly calculating the thermal entropy at low temperature. The approach models a variational many-electron density matrix using two generative neural networks: an autoregressive model for momentum occupation and a normalizing flow for electron coordinates. Our calculation reveals a suppression of effective mass in the two-dimensional spin-polarized electron gas, which is more pronounced than previous reports in the low-density strong-coupling region. This prediction calls for verification in two-dimensional electron gas experiments.

Metallene is considered as an emerging family of electrocatalysts due to its atomically layered structure and unique surface stress. Here we propose a strategy to modulate the Bader charge transfer (BCT) between Pd surface and oxygenated intermediates via p‐d electronic interaction by introducing single‐atom p‐block metal (M=In, Sn, Pb, Bi) into Pd metallene nanosheets towards efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). X‐ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that doping p‐block metals could facilitate electron transfer to Pd sites and thus downshift the d‐band center of Pd and weaken the adsorption energy of O intermediates. Among them, the developed Bi−Pd metallene shows extraordinarily high ORR mass activity of 11.34 A mgPd−1 and 0.86 A mgPd−1 at 0.9 V and 0.95 V in alkaline solution, respectively, representing the best Pd‐based ORR electrocatalysts ever reported. In the cathode of a Zinc‐air battery, Bi−Pd metallene could achieve an open‐circuit voltage of 1.546 V and keep stable for 760 h at 10 mA cm−2. Theoretical calculations suggest that the BCT between Pd surface and *OO intermediates greatly affects the bond length between them (dPd‐*OO) and Bi doping could appropriately reduce the amount of BCT and stretch the dPd‐*OO, thus enhancing the ORR activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is the most critical complication after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with mortality above 50%. Both blood urea nitrogen and left ventricular ejection fraction were important prognostic indicators. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of admission blood urea nitrogen to left ventricular ejection fraction ratio (BUNLVEFr) in patients with AMI complicated by CS (AMI-CS). Methods: 268 consecutive patients with AMI-CS were divided into two groups according to the admission BUNLVEFr cut-off value determined by Youden index. The primary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality and the secondary endpoint was the composite events of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Cox proportional hazard models were performed to analyze the association of BUNLVEFr with the outcome. Results: The optimal cut-off value of BUNLVEFr is 16.63. The 30-day all-cause mortality and MACEs in patients with BUNLVEFr≥16.63 was significantly higher than in patients with BUNLVEFr<16.63 (30-day all-cause mortality: 66.2% vs. 17.1%, p < 0.001; 30-day MACEs: 80.0% vs. 48.0%, p < 0.001). After multivariable adjustment, BUNLVEFr≥16.63 remained an independent predictor for higher risk of 30-day all-cause mortality (HR = 3.553, 95% CI: 2.125–5.941, p < 0.001) and MACEs (HR = 2.026, 95% CI: 1.456–2.820, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses found that the effect of BUNLVEFr was consistent in different subgroups (all p-interaction>0.05). Conclusion: The admission BUNLVEFr provided important prognostic information for AMI-CS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies have demonstrated a close correlation between MicroRNA and the occurrence of aortic dissection (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this relationship have not been fully elucidated and further exploration is still required. In this study, we found that miR‐485‐3p was significantly upregulated in human aortic dissection tissues. Meanwhile, we constructed in vitro AD models in HAVSMCs, HAECs and HAFs and found that the expression of miR‐485‐3p was increased only in HAVSMCs. Overexpression or knockdown of miR‐485‐3p in HAVSMCs could regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL1β, IL6, TNF‐α, and NLRP3, as well as the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins BAX/BCL2 and Cleaved caspase3/Caspase3. In the in vivo AD model, we have observed that miR‐485‐3p regulates vascular inflammation and apoptosis, thereby participating in the modulation of AD development in mice. Based on target gene prediction, we have validated that SIRT1 is a downstream target gene of miR‐485‐3p. Furthermore, by administering SIRT1 agonists and inhibitors to mice, we observed that the activation of SIRT1 alleviates vascular inflammation and apoptosis, subsequently reducing the incidence of AD. Additionally, functional reversal experiments revealed that overexpression of SIRT1 in HAVSMCs could reverse the cell inflammation and apoptosis mediated by miR‐485‐3p. Therefore, our research suggests that miR‐485‐3p can aggravate inflammation and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing the expression of SIRT1, thereby promoting the progression of aortic dissection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between post-implantation syndrome (PIS) and long-term prognosis in patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection (TBAD) undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). This retrospective study included 547 consecutive patients diagnosed with TBAD who underwent TEVAR at our institution between January 2014 and December 2019. Patients were categorized into two groups: the PIS group (patients with post-TEVAR PIS) and the non-PIS group (patients without post-TEVAR PIS). In-hospital and follow-up data were analyzed. The incidence of PIS was 28.9% (158/547 patients). No baseline differences were observed between the PIS (n = 158) and the non-PIS (n = 389) groups. The proportion of emergency surgery in the PIS group was higher than that in the non-PIS group (44.9% vs 26.0%; P <.001), the operation time was longer (median, 65.0; interquartile range [IQR], 56.0-75.0 minutes vs 56.0; IQR, 45.0-66.0 minutes; P <.001), the volume of contrast medium used (median, 65.0; IQR, 56.0-75.0 mL vs 56.0; IQR, 45.0-66.0 mL; P <.001), and the average number of trunk stents (1.85 ± 0.4 vs 1.34 ± 0.5 pieces; P <.001) and branch stents (0.7 ± 0.7 vs 0.2 ± 0.5 pieces; P <.001) used were more in the PIS group than in the non-PIS group. The incidence of supra-aortic branch procedures was higher in the PIS group than in the non-PIS group. There was no significant difference in device-related complications (DRCs) or 30-day mortality between the two groups (2.5% vs 4.4%; P =.442 and 1.3% vs 1.3%; P =.688, respectively). Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that emergency surgery, number of trunk stents >1, operation time >58.5 minutes, and contrast medium volume >75 mL were risk factors for PIS, and the odds ratios of emergency operation, number of trunk stents >1 piece, operation time >58.5 minutes, and contrast medium volume >75 mL were 2.526 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.530-4.173), 4.651 (95% CI, 2.838-7.624), 3.577 (95% CI, 2.201-5.815), and 7.356 (95% CI, 4.111-13.160), respectively. Follow-up was completed in 98.5% (532/540) of the patients, with a median follow-up of 67 months (IQR, 50-86 months). There was no significant difference in survival between the PIS and non-PIS groups (12.4% vs 10.3%; P =.476) during follow-up. The incidences of DRCs (7.8% vs 11.6%; P =.200) and aortic false lumen thrombosis (75.8% vs 79.2%; P =.399) were comparable between the PIS and non-PIS groups. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that PIS had no effect on long-term follow-up mortality, DRCs, entry flow, or aortic false lumen thrombosis rate. PIS is relatively common after TEVAR and emergency surgery; number of trunk stents >1, operation time >58.5 minutes, and contrast medium volume >75 mL are of high predictive value for the assessment of PIS after TEVAR. However, PIS had little effect on early and late postoperative mortality or DRCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates how different fermentation techniques using non-Saccharomyces yeast (Candida ethanolica Ce, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii Hg, Hanseniaspora thailandica Ht) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) affect the synthesis of hesperidin, nobiletin, and other flavonoid and aromatic substances, which play a vital role in improving the overall quality of fruit wines due to their various biological properties. The combination of Sc:(Ce.Ht)-1:100 (Ce 0.5 × 107 CFU/mL, Ht 0.5 × 107 CFU/mL, Sc 1 × 105 CFU/mL) yielded the highest hesperidin content at 4.12 ± 0.08 mg/L, followed by the Sc:(Ce.Hg)-1:1 (Ce 0.5 × 107 CFU/mL, Hg 0.5 × 107 CFU/mL, Sc 1 × 107 CFU/mL) combination at 4.08 ± 0.06 mg/L. The highest nobiletin content was achieved by the (Hg.Ht)-10-Sc (Hg 0.5 × 107 CFU/mL, Ht 0.5 × 107 CFU/mL, Sc 1 × 107 CFU/mL) combination, reaching 1.04 ± 0.05 mg/L, which was significantly higher than other multi-strain combinations. Additionally, the hesperidin content produced by the (Hg.Ht)-10-Sc combination was relatively high at 4.04 ± 0.02 mg/L, demonstrating a richness and complexity of aroma superior to that of fermentation with commercial yeast strains alone. The findings suggest that the (Hg.Ht)-10-Sc combination is the most effective multi-strain combination for increasing the levels of nobiletin and hesperidin in citrus wine, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the wine. These experimental results offer a promising approach for enhancing the quality of citrus wines and other fruit wines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Patients with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR‐CM) commonly present with dyspnea, fatigue, and edema. In our case, the main presentation was exertional angina, which was atypical in patients with ATTR‐CM and should be paid more attention to. A 54‐year‐old woman was admitted with a complaint of exertional chest pain, and she had a history of hypertension. The results of the electrocardiogram and echocardiography revealed the clues of cardiac amyloidosis, and the patient was finally diagnosed with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis, then she received tafamidis, and the symptoms improved significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twelve studies involving 433 patients were included. After RDN treatment, LVMI decreased by 13.08 g/m2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −18.38, −7.78; p <.00001), PWTd decreased by 0.60 mm (95% CI: −0.87, −0.34; p <.00001), IVSTd decreased by 0.78 mm (95% CI: −1.06, −0.49; p <.00001), and LVEF increased by 1.80% (95% CI: 0.71, 2.90; p =.001). However, there were no statistically significant improvements in LVIDd (95% CI: −1.40, 0.24; p =.17) and diastolic function (E/A) (95% CI: −0.04, 0.14; p =.28). Drug treatment for resistant hypertension (RH) is challenging. Renal denervation (RDN) is one of the most promising treatments for RH. Although studies have shown RDN can control blood pressure, the impacts of RDN on cardiac remodeling and cardiac function are unclear. This meta‐analysis evaluated the effect of RDN on cardiac structure and function in patients with RH. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were used to conduct a systematic search. The main inclusion criteria were studies on patients with RH who received RDN and reported the changes in echocardiographic parameters before and after RDN. Echocardiographic parameters included left ventricular mass index (LVMI), end‐diastolic left ventricular internal dimension (LVIDd), left ventricular end‐diastolic posterior wall thickness (PWTd), end‐diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSTd), E/A, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Data was analyzed using RevMan. Twelve studies involving 433 patients were included. After RDN treatment, LVMI decreased by 13.08g/m2 (95%confidence interval [CI]: −18.38, −7.78, p <.00001), PWTd decreased by 0.60mm (95% CI: −0.87, −0.34, p < 0.00001), IVSTd decreased by 0.78mm (95% CI: −1.06, −0.49, p <.00001), and LVEF increased by 1.80% (95% CI: 0.71, 2.90, p =.001). However, there were no statistically significant improvements in LVIDd (95% CI: −1.40, 0.24, p =.17) and diastolic function (E/A) (95% CI: −0.04, 0.14, p =.28). This meta‐analysis finds that RDN can improve left ventricular hypertrophy and ejection fraction in patients with RH but has no significant effect on LVIDd and diastolic function. However, more studies are warranted due to the lack of a strict control group, a limited sample size, and research heterogeneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Predicting risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after total arch replacement via modified triple-branched stent graft (MTBSG) implantation in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) by conducting a nomogram. Methods. We collected the clinical data of 254 patients with AAAD who underwent MTBSG implantation surgery in our center. The independent risk factors of postoperative AKI were screened by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis and combined into a nomogram. We use receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), clinical impact curve (CIC), and calibration plots to evaluate the accuracy of the nomogram model. Results. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of AKI after MTBSG implantation were age, malperfusion syndrome, preoperative serum creatinine, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and amount of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Based on these five risk factors, we established a nomogram model. The good accuracy and clinical applicability of the model were verified by drawing ROC curve (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.854), DCA curve, CIC curve, and calibration curve. Conclusions. Using perioperative clinical data to establish a nomogram model of AKI in patients with AAAD who received MTBSG implantation can be used as a tool to predict the occurrence of AKI after operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) is a kind of congenital chromosomal abnormality disease. Trisomy 13 has high occurrence in fetuses or infants from the old aged pregnant women. Screening out the fetus with trisomy 13 early and avoiding the infant with trisomy 13 to be born is the main strategy in the care of delivery women with the fetus with trisomy 13. The current screening method is not perfect and has room to strengthen. In this study, we aimed to establish a method to strengthen the current screening methods, which would be cheap, fast and convenient. Technically, we obtained the commercially available genomic DNA extracted from the amniotic fluid puncture of the pregnant woman with the trisomy 13 fetus, 2 genomic DNA extracted from 2 healthy male (one adult and one teenager) and 1 genomic DNA extracted from 1 healthy adult female as the qPCR template DNAs and the commercially available Sybr green qPCR mater mix as the qPCR reaction liquid; we also designed and synthesized 5 pairs of qPCR primers, respectively, corresponding to IL-10 gene on 1# chromosome, STAT1 gene on 2# chromosome, CXCR3 gene on X chromosome, TSPY1 gene on Y chromosome and LINC00458 gene on 13# chromosome. We then performed Sybr green qPCR measurement. Further, we used the qPCR data to perform the mathematical calculation and finally formed a new algorithm. Using this new algorithm, we easily distinguished the trisomy 13 sample out of the normal samples. The method established this study could strengthen and complement the current methods. In conclusion, our study initiated a pilot study to screen the trisomy 13 and prospected some new directions for efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stability of Pt‐based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in hydrogen fuel cells is seriously handicapped by the corrosion of their carbon supports at high potentials and acidic environments. Herein, a novel SnS2/SnO2 hetero‐structured support is reported for Pt nanoparticles (NPs) as the ORR catalyst, where Pt NPs are mainly deposited at the interfaces of SnS2 and SnO2 moieties. The Pt‐support interactions, which can be tuned by the concentration of the heterointerfaces, can accelerate the electronic transfer and enrich the electron density of Pt with a favorable shift of the d‐band center. In electrochemical measurements, the ORR mass activity (MA) of the optimal Pt‐SnS2/SnO2 catalyst at 0.9 V versus RHE (0.40 A mgPt−1) is four times higher than that of Pt/C. As for the stability, the electrochemical active surface area and MA of Pt‐SnS2/SnO2 are only decreased by 18.2% and 23.7% after 50 000 potential cycles at a high potential region (1.0–1.6 V), representing the best ORR stability among the reported Pt‐based catalysts. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the binding energy and migration barrier of Pt atom/cluster on the SnS2/SnO2 heterojunction are much higher relative to other supports, accounting for the outstanding stability of the catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the impact of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on the quality of life (QoL) and status of COVID‐19 vaccination in heart transplant recipients (HTRs). Methods: Patients who underwent allogeneic heart transplants between June 2006 and December 2019, who survived were selected from a follow‐up registration form at our center. Data were collected using questionnaires in 2021, the QoL survey was conducted using the MOS 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) and compared to the same time frame in 2019. The patients were divided into two groups: post‐epidemic (A) and pre‐epidemic (B) groups. We also recorded whether the participants had been vaccinated against COVID‐19 (Beijing Sinovac COVID‐19 vaccine). All the data obtained were analyzed. Results: There were 88 patients who participated in the study. Only 12 (13.6%) were vaccinated. In terms of SF‐36 scale assessments, after the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic, Group A scored lower in vitality [52.5(49.0, 58.0) vs. 75.0(69.0, 79.0), p <.001], social functioning [54.0(50.5, 58.0) vs. 74.0(67.5, 78.0), p <.001], role emotional [58.5(55.0, 62.0) vs. 67.0(63.0, 71.0), p <.001], and mental health [58.5(55.0, 62.0) vs. 76.0(72.0, 79.0), p <.001]. In Group A the mental component summary (MCS) significantly decreased [222.0(214.5, 230.0) vs. 289.0(277.5, 299.5), p <.001]. The PCS and MCS of HTRs who had been vaccinated against COVID‐19 were significantly higher than those who had not [PCS: 283.5(280.0, 287.0) vs. 276.0(271.0, 279.0), p <.001; MCS: 245.0(141.5, 254.0) vs. 220.0(213.5, 226.5), p <.001]. Conclusion: Low acceptance levels of COVID‐19 vaccination were observed in the HTRs. The QoL of the HTRs decreased after the COVID‐19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has rarely been exploited in the detection of cycling tumor DNAs (ctDNAs) [[4]] or cycling tumor cells (CTCs) [[5]] and has not previously been applied to the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of ctDNAs. Dear Sir, Detection of ctDNAs and cycling tumor cells (CTCs) represents a new advance in oncology research. ctDNAs and CTCs are shed by tumor tissues from very early to advanced stages and released into the plasma. The novel method of conventional PCR followed by Taqman qPCR did detect 1-10 mutated target DNA molecules in the reaction system. Step 1: two conventional PCRs were performed using pure template (4039 molecules pure Template 1) and mixed template (4039 molecules pure Template 1 and 1-2 molecules Template 2) and two reaction systems were analyzed by the novel method. [Extracted from the article]

Flavonol glycosides are bioactive compounds important for plant defence and human nutrition. Glycosylation and methylation play an important role in enriching the diversity of flavonols in response to the environment. Peach flowers and fruit are rich in flavonol diglycosides such as isorhamnetin 3‐O‐rutinoside (I3Rut), kaempferol 3‐O‐rutinoside and quercetin 3‐O‐rutinoside, and flavonol monoglycosides such as I 3‐O‐glucoside and Q 3‐O‐galactoside. UV‐B irradiation of fruit significantly induced accumulation of all these flavonol glycosides. Candidate biosynthetic genes induced by UV‐B were identified by genome homology searches and the in vitro catalytic activities of purified recombinant proteins determined. PpUGT78T3 and PpUGT78A2 were identified as flavonol 3‐O‐glucosyltransferase and 3‐O‐galactosyltransferase, respectively. PpUGT91AK6 was identified as flavonol 1,6‐rhamnosyl trasferase catalysing the formation of flavonol rutinosides and PpFOMT1 was identified as a flavonol O‐methyltransferase that methylated Q at the 3'‐OH‐OH to form isorhamnetin derivatives. Transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana confirmed the specificity of PpUGT78T3 as a flavonol 3‐O‐glucosyltransferase, PpUGT78A2 as a 3‐O‐galactosyltransferase, PpUGT91AK6 as a 1,6‐rhamnosyltrasferase and PpFOMT1 as an O‐methyltransferase. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of glycosylation and methylation of flavonols, especially the formation of flavonol diglycosides such as I3Rut, and will also be useful for future potential metabolic engineering of complex flavonols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The objective of this investigation was to study the early efficacy of in situ fenestration with triple chimney technique for high-risk type A aortic dissection patients.Methods: This study included 24 patients who were treated by in situ fenestration with TCT for high-risk TAAD between January 2018 and December 2019. Multiple comorbidities or preoperative critical conditions rendered patients ineligible for open surgery, but all patients that were evaluated and considered had to undergo operation. By analyzing the regular follow-up data, the early postoperative efficacy of the patients was evaluated.Results: The average age of the 24 patients was 65.4 ± 9.3 years. The success rate of the operation was 100%, as all the patients were discharged successfully. There were no serious neurological complications or persistent endoleakage. The mean follow-up time was 21.4 ± 6.9 months. The patency rate of all branching stents was 100%, with no stent displacement, stenosis, or blockage observed. While none presented with type I endoleakage, one patient (4.2%) presented asymptomatic type II endoleakage around the left subclavian artery stent. Currently, 23 of the 24 patients remain alive.Conclusion: Initial results are encouraging with TCT for high-risk TAAD. However, due to its high selectivity and potential complexity related to surgical risks, the mid- and long-term efficacy of this technique remains unknown. For patients who are eligible for open heart surgery, we still recommend it be performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]