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2. Alterations of pathogen transmission patterns and attenuated immune stimulation might be the cause of increased adult respiratory infections cases in 2023, results from a multi-center study in mainland China

Author

Ai, Jingwen, Wang, Hongyu, Zhang, Haocheng, Song, Jieyu, Zhang, Yi, Lin, Ke, Qu, Lihong, Zhang, Yanliang, Zhang, Shiliang, Xiang, Qiyun, Geng, Jiawei, Jin, Guangxia, Song, Wei, Zhang, Liaoyun, Hu, Xiaoli, Liu, Hongyan, Yuan, Guanmin, Jiang, Ning, Zhou, Yang, Xu, Yuanyuan, Ying, Jun, Wu, Jiqin, Xing, Yajiao, Fang, Kai, Yan, Hui, Chen, Feiying, Xu, Tailin, Wang, Sen, Qian, Zhaohui, and Zhang, Wenhong

Published
2024
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43. Turning Erythrocytes into Functional Micromotors

Author

Wu, Zhiguang, Li, Tianlong, Li, Jinxing, Gao, Wei, Xu, Tailin, Christianson, Caleb, Gao, Weiwei, Galarnyk, Michael, He, Qiang, Zhang, Liangfang, and Wang, Joseph

Subjects
Biomedical Imaging, Hematology, Generic health relevance, Animals, Biological Transport, Biomimetics, Cell Line, Erythrocytes, Macrophages, Male, Mice, Microtechnology, synthetic motor, red blood cells, magnetic guidance, ultrasound, whole blood, biocompatibility, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abstract

Attempts to apply artificial nano/micromotors for diverse biomedical applications have inspired a variety of strategies for designing motors with diverse propulsion mechanisms and functions. However, existing artificial motors are made exclusively of synthetic materials, which are subject to serious immune attack and clearance upon entering the bloodstream. Herein we report an elegant approach that turns natural red blood cells (RBCs) into functional micromotors with the aid of ultrasound propulsion and magnetic guidance. Iron oxide nanoparticles are loaded into the RBCs, where their asymmetric distribution within the cells results in a net magnetization, thus enabling magnetic alignment and guidance under acoustic propulsion. The RBC motors display efficient guided and prolonged propulsion in various biological fluids, including undiluted whole blood. The stability and functionality of the RBC motors, as well as the tolerability of regular RBCs to the ultrasound operation, are carefully examined. Since the RBC motors preserve the biological and structural features of regular RBCs, these motors possess a wide range of antigenic, transport, and mechanical properties that common synthetic motors cannot achieve and thus hold considerable promise for a number of practical biomedical uses.

Published
2014

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