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The genus Allogalathea belongs to the subfamily Galatheoidea of the family Galatheidae. Here, we report a mitogenome of Allogalathea elegans (Adams & White, 1848). In this study, we obtained the complete mitochondrial genome of Allogalathea elegans by sequencing, which was 16,263 bp in length. The mitogenome contained 37 genes, including the typical set of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 2 Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The nucleotides A, C, G, and T distribution was 36.40%, 19.44%, 9.09%, and 35.07%, respectively. The length of the total protein-coding genes was 11,172 bp, which accounts for 68.69% of the whole mitochondrial genome. The phylogenetic result generated by IQ-Tree based on 13 PGCs showed that the infraorder Anomura is monophyletic, and the infraorder Anomura is a sister group of the infraorder Glypheidea. The discovery of the complete mitochondrial genome of A. elegans would help to conduct in-depth research on the infraorder Anomura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) is the most complex system of the body. The CNS, especially the brain, is generally regarded as immune-privileged. However, the specialized immune strategies in the brain and how immune cells, specifically macrophages in the brain, respond to virus invasion remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the potential immune response of macrophages in the brain of orange-spotted groupers (Epinephelus coioides) following red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection. We observed that RGNNV induced macrophages to produce an inflammatory response in the brain of orange-spotted grouper, and the macrophages exhibited M1-type polarization after RGNNV infection. In addition, we found RGNNV-induced macrophage M1 polarization via the CXCR3.2- CXCL11 pathway. Furthermore, we observed that RGNNV triggered M1 polarization in macrophages, resulting in substantial proinflammatory cytokine production and subsequent damage to brain tissue. These findings reveal a unique mechanism for brain macrophage polarization, emphasizing their role in contributing to nervous tissue damage following viral infection in the CNS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]