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Security and safety have been a critical issue in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems. Security of both people and vehicles is a matter of concern. In this paper, an authentication-based security framework is designed to serve the purpose. Only authorized users are provided access to the vehicle. The drivers are first registered for driving the vehicle from an authorized and valid source. The next step is the authentication check before one can be given access to the vehicle. There are two alternative methods provided for the authentication check in the solution depending upon the situation the vehicle is in. The solution is an optimally viable solution from the security perspective of the real-time Intelligent Transportation System environment. The results have shown that the security solution fits into the domain very well and performs as per expectations. The solution has been tested on a Vehicle Tracking Device connected to a vehicle. The same solution can be extended to a fleet of vehicles.

The recently discovered metal-free carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme may significantly impact the global carbon dioxide (CO2) cycle, as it can irreversibly perform the CO2 hydration reaction. In this study, we investigated several key aspects of metal-free CA, including the identification of the catalytic site, the determination of the CO2 binding site, and the mechanism of catalysis. This is achieved through classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, quantum chemical density functional theory (DFT), and hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations. Our study indicates that the experimental structure based on X-ray crystallography, which shows the 'bicarbonate (HCO3−) product' trapped in the hydrophilic region of metal-free CA, might not accurately depict the actual enzyme–substrate interaction. Instead, the simulation reveals that CO2 prefers the hydrophobic zone, which serves as the primary catalytic site. It also highlights the strategic role of a gatekeeper residue (Phe504), which assists in regulating the transportation of CO2 by tilting its aromatic plane. Additionally, the hybrid QM/MM calculations establish that CO2 hydration is catalyzed within the hydrophobic zone by a deprotonated tyrosine with the help of an organized water chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SARS-CoV-2 is one of the deadly outbreaks in the present era and still showing its presence around the globe. Researchers have produced various vaccines that offer protection against infection, but we have not yet found a cure for COVID-19. Currently, efforts are focused on identifying effective therapeutic approaches to treat this infectious disease. In the present work, we investigated the main protease (Mpro) protein, a crucial component in SARS-CoV-2 viral particle formation, as a drug target and proposed phytocompounds with therapeutic potential against SARS-CoV-2. Initially, several plant-based resources were exploited to screen around one thousand phytocompounds and further their physiochemical characterization and assessment of drug likeliness were performed using SwissADME. Eventually, we screened 95 compounds based on docking analysis using AutoDock Vina. Five compounds were selected having the highest affinity for Mpro for the analysis of ligand-receptor interaction using molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Docking and MD simulation studies elucidated the promising stable interaction of selected 5 ligands with Mpro. During MD simulation of 100 ns, Abacopterin F showed the lowest binding energy (–37.13 kcal/mol) with the highest affinity towards Mpro and this compound may be proposed as a lead molecule for further investigation. This interaction may result in modulation of the Mpro activity, consequently leading to hindrance in viral particle formation. However, in-vitro and in-vivo experimental validation would be needed to process the selected phytomolecules as a therapeutic lead against SARS-CoV-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green corridor is a dynamic real-time lane created in order to increase the speed at which an emergency vehicle can travel in traffic. Its purpose is to reduce the travel time of emergency vehicles. The paper submitted examines ways to optimize the travel time for emergency vehicles and for other drivers on the roads. The paper takes into account the fact that all vehicles accelerate and decelerate at different speeds and the fact that there might be several traffic guided lights and non-guided lights on the roads. There are other factors considered, such as the speed and safety, in order to create a sustainable solution that can be implemented at scale. SUMO simulation libraries are used to create an environment as close to reality as possible. The trade-off between the number of variables selected and the approximation of a real situation has been carefully selected so that the solution is also feasible in real-life situations.

The purpose of this research study is to examine the feminism-related aspects of Anita Nair's Lessons in Forgetting. It discusses a variety of issues that the female characters in the book deal with, including female feticide, gender discrimination, love and dependence on family members. It also provides a brief explanation of how these issues are resolved so that the characters can move on with their lives. According to the title, women forget the lessons they were taught in order to live the life they want. Feminism is based on happiness and expectations rather than anxieties and sadness. Struggling against patriarchal culture has become dated because women have forged ahead unafraid to improve things in their own manner. The main protagonist Meera and other female characters use it as a tool to consider what would happen following their husbands' betrayal. Due to male-controlled norms in India, a traditional and conservative nation, women have never been given the respect they deserve. They have been taught that the pains and joys of others determine their worth. The perspectives of their goals and aspirations are framed by their moral and ethical commitments. The study has made an effort to identify feminism-related components in novels that shed light on certain significant issues related to women's ongoing struggles against the misery, abuse and trauma that they experience as a result of the male-dominated conservative culture. The freedom of the woman to fulfil her different conventional responsibilities as a daughter, wife, mother and other things is explored in Nair. The concept of selfdiscovery, which is central to her works, is also addressed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this paper is to obtain a global solution to the problem of imploding strong cylindrical shock waves (SWs) collapsing at the axis of symmetry in a non-ideal gas under the influence of an axial magnetic field using the perturbation series technique. This global solution is valid for the entire flow field up to the instant of collapse. Guderley's asymptotic solution, which is only applicable in the neighborhood of the axis of implosion, is properly reproduced by this global solution. Guderley's local self-similar solution allows for the determination of the first dominant similarity exponent only; however, this approach also enables the identification of additional, less dominant similarity exponents along with the corresponding amplitudes. Additionally, the computed values of the similarity exponents have been compared with the results drawn from Guderley's approach. The profiles of fluid variables and shock trajectory are shown graphically for different values of the non-ideal parameter, adiabatic index, and shock Cowling number. The "Mathematica" software has been used to do all numerical computations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shoot apical meristem (SAM) of higher plants comprises distinct functional zones. The central zone (CZ) is located at the meristem summit and harbors pluripotent stem cells. Stem cells undergo cell division within the CZ and give rise to descendants, which enter the peripheral zone (PZ) and become recruited into lateral organs. Stem cell daughters that are pushed underneath the CZ form rib meristem (RM). To unravel the mechanism of meristem development, it is essential to know how stem cells adopt distinct cell fates in the SAM. Here, we show that meristem patterning and floral organ primordia formation, besides auxin transport, are regulated by auxin biosynthesis mediated by two closely related genes of the TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE family. In Arabidopsis SAM, TAA1 and TAR2 played a role in maintaining auxin responses and the identity of PZ cell types. In the absence of auxin biosynthesis and transport, the expression pattern of the marker genes linked to the patterning of the SAM is perturbed. Our results prove that local auxin biosynthesis, in concert with transport, controls the patterning of the SAM into the CZ, PZ and RM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of research on non‐linear evolution equations has increased over time. In the fields of plasma physics, fluid mechanics, optical fibers, and other sciences, such equations are not unrealistic. Discovering the exact answers to these equations needs to be a top priority. In this study, we will investigate a (3+1)$$ \left(3+1\right) $$‐dimensional non‐linear MA‐FAN equation that is used to simulate weakly non‐linear restoring forces and frequency dispersion in long wavelength water waves. The (3+1)$$ \left(3+1\right) $$‐dimensional MA‐FAN equation's solution is analyzed using the Lie symmetry analysis, and it is also used to pick the appropriate one‐dimensional Lie subalgebra system. We discover invariant solutions of the (3+1)$$ \left(3+1\right) $$‐dimensional MA‐FAN equation, which may capture the dynamic behavior of non‐linear waves, by solving the numerous ordinary differential equations that are reduced equations from the MA‐FAN equation by using the Lie group of transformation approach. In conclusion, the method offered is robust and convenient tool for studying various classes of non‐linear PDE solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plants deposit lignin in the secondary cell wall as a common response to drought and pathogen attacks. Cell wall localised multicopper oxidase family enzymes LACCASES (LACs) catalyse the formation of monolignol radicals and facilitate lignin formation. We show an upregulation of the expression of several LAC genes and a downregulation of microRNA397 (CamiR397) in response to natural drought in chickpea roots. CamiR397 was found to target LAC4 and LAC17L out of twenty annotated LACs in chickpea. CamiR397 and its target genes are expressed in the root. Overexpression of CamiR397 reduced expression of LAC4 and LAC17L and lignin deposition in chickpea root xylem causing reduction in xylem wall thickness. Downregulation of CamiR397 activity by expressing a short tandem target mimic (STTM397) construct increased root lignin deposition in chickpea. CamiR397‐overexpressing and STTM397 chickpea lines showed sensitivity and tolerance, respectively, towards natural drought. Infection with a fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina, responsible for dry root rot (DRR) disease in chickpea, induced local lignin deposition and LAC gene expression. CamiR397‐overexpressing and STTM397 chickpea lines showed more sensitivity and tolerance, respectively, to DRR. Our results demonstrated the regulatory role of CamiR397 in root lignification during drought and DRR in an agriculturally important crop chickpea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An operationally simple mechanochemical reaction between iminoiodinanes with numerous cyclic 2°‐amines such as morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, thiomorpholine, N‐Boc diazepine and N‐Boc piperazine has been reported to afford N‐sulfonyl amidines in moderate to excellent yield. The N‐sulfonyl transfer reaction happens in a ball mill apparatus (RETSCH 400™) with three 5 mm stainless steel (ss) balls in a 5 mL stainless steel (ss) reaction jar with 2‐methyl tetrahydrofuran as liquid assisted grinding auxiliary (LAG). This metal catalyst‐base free synthesis with minimal solvents (as LAGs) demonstrated an efficient N‐sulfonyl transfer reaction from iminoiodinanes. N‐sulfonyl amidines are ubiquitous building blocks present in natural products and drug intermediates. Control experiments and computational studies based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to gain deeper insight into the mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lignin is a complex aromatic biopolymer important for providing mechanical strength to the cell wall and resistance against both biotic and abiotic stresses. It helps in plant growth by providing physical strength and helping in long distance transport of water and minerals. Lignin biosynthetic genes are known to be induced under both biotic and abiotic stresses, and perturbations in lignin biosynthesis has shown to result in changes in plants defense responses against these stresses. It's important to understand how these sophisticated mechanisms are employed by the plants to adapt to the adverse climatic conditions and develop more resilient plant varieties. In this review, we try to deliver a thorough comprehension of how lignin biosynthesis is altered under various environmental conditions. We believe this information will be useful in understanding the role of different lignin biosynthetic genes in conferring resistance against different stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Shalini. Yadav Background: Neural crest cells (NCCs) by responding to several signals and paracrine factors get differentiated into different lineages like peripheral nervous system (PNS), chondrocytes, myofibroblast, endocrine, melanocytes, [...]

Herein we report a catalyst, metal and additive free generation of carbonyl ylides by blue LED irradiation of aryl diazoacetates in presence of aldehydes. The resulting ylides underwent [3+2] cycloaddition with substituted maleimides present in the reaction mixture to afford 4, 6‐dioxo‐hexahydro‐1H‐furo[3, 4‐c] pyrrole in excellent yields. Fifty compounds were synthesized based on this scaffold. Molecular docking indicated them to be potential poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. Screening a representative member of the library against PARP‐1 enzyme revealed a few potential inhibitors with IC50 of 600–700 nM. The phenotypic screening against MCF7, A549 and HepG2 cells furthermore indicated that these compounds selectively inhibit the proliferation of A549, HeLa and HepG2 cells with IC50 of 1–2 μM. The mechanism of action of the most active compound at the cellular level was investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript, we studied a quasi‐linear hyperbolic system of partial differential equations which describes the one‐dimensional adiabatic unsteady flow behind a strong cylindrical shock wave propagating in a rotating non‐ideal gas, which has a varying azimuthal fluid velocity together with a varying axial fluid velocity, with radiation heat flux, and similarity solutions are obtained by using the Lie group‐theoretic method. The basic idea of this method is that it changes the system of PDEs representing the one‐dimensional flow through the similarity variable to the system of ODEs. The flow profiles are drawn behind the shock followed by a brief discussion on the behavior of the solutions via graphs. The effects of variation in non‐ideal parameter, adiabatic index of the gas, Alfven–Mach number and ambient azimuthal velocity exponent on the flow variables are described. All numerical calculations have been performed using the "Mathematica" software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Their results involve the CLV3 peptide as well as CLV1 and CLV2/CRN receptors that promote auxin-dependent primordium initiation, likely by inducing I YUCCA i auxin biosynthesis genes. Keywords: auxin; morphogenesis; plant development; regeneration; single-cell transcriptomics EN auxin morphogenesis plant development regeneration single-cell transcriptomics 1729 1731 3 11/06/23 20231201 NES 231201 After having spent over 2 years mostly online due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the Mechanism of Plant Development Conference 2022 renewed our ability to meet and engage in-person with fantastic scientists from across the field of plant development. Auxin, morphogenesis, plant development, regeneration, single-cell transcriptomics. [Extracted from the article]