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In this study, the effects of five common oxidative decontaminating agents (H2O2 solution, ClO2 solution, NaClO solution, ozonated water and slightly acidic electrolytic water) on the bacterial decontamination of tilapia fillets and their influence on the texture, color and myofibrillar protein (MP) oxidation in tilapia fillets were investigated. The results showed that a decontamination rate of 80% was attained by immersion in 1 500 mg/L H2O2 solution for 8 min, 200 mg/L ClO2 solution for 10 min, 200 mg/L NaClO solution for 10 min, 9 mg/L ozonated water for 10 min, or 30 mg/L slightly acidic electrolytic water for 20 min. Compared with the control group, treatment with decontaminating agents increased the hardness and L* value of tilapia fillets, decreased the a* value, MP content, total sulfhydryl group content, and raised the content of carbonyl groups and the amount of surface hydrophobic groups. The degree of protein denaturation in the slightly acidic electrolytic water and NaClO solution groups was the highest; the fluorescence intensity of MP was decreased after decontamination treatments, with the greatest decrease being found in the slightly acidic electrolytic water-treated group; the relative contents of α-helix and β-turn in MP were decreased, while the relative contents of β-fold and random coil were increased, with the most significant changes in the secondary structure of MP being observed in the slightly acidic electrolytic water-treated group (P < 0.05). MP underwent degradation to different extents, and the degradation degree of the slightly acidic electrolytic water group was higher than that of the other treatment groups. In summary, the oxidation of fish MP occurred to varying degrees after oxidative decontamination treatments, with slightly acidic electrolytic water treatment having the strongest oxidative effect.

The use of carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) grid-reinforced engineered cementitious composite (CFGRE) systems to strengthen concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs) offers potential to improve the structural response as well as the resistance to high temperatures and corrosion. This study consists of an experimental investigation on the behavior of eccentrically loaded square CFSTs strengthened with CFGRE systems. Nineteen specimens were tested using a compression-testing machine with loads, deformations, and recorded test observations. The investigated parameters included the number of CFRP grid layers, width-to-thickness ratio of a steel tube, concrete strength grade, and eccentric ratio. The strengthened columns exhibited ductile failure. Due to stress concentrations, the CFGRE systems ruptured at the corners on the compression side. After strengthening, the yielding and ultimate loads of the CFST columns increased from 21.8% to 53.5% and 21.1% to 34.9%, respectively. Although an increase in the number of CFRP grid layers did not significantly affect the bearing capacities of the square specimens, it significantly enhanced the ductility of the columns. An increase in the eccentric ratio weakened the confining effect. An average decrease of 9.7%, 27.6%, and 41.4% was observed in the ultimate loads of the strengthened columns when the eccentric ratio increased from 0 to 0.1, 0.25, and 0.4, respectively. A five-point N–M interaction model was developed based on the principles of force equilibrium and deformation compatibility to predict the eccentric bearing capacities of strengthened columns. The prediction results exhibited high accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbide tools are extensively used in the automotive, aerospace, and marine industries. However, an unsuitable tool-edge treatment can affect the cutting performance of carbide tools. In the tool-cutting process, the cutting edge radius is one of the major factors that affect the cutting force, temperature, and quality. In this study, a cutting simulation model of carbide inserts was used to analyze the effect of the cutting edge radius on the cutting performance. The cutting edge radii of the inserts were prepared using shear-thickening polishing methods, followed by cutting experiments. The accuracy of the cutting simulation model was verified through cutting experiments. The simulation results showed that under low-speed cutting conditions, the cutting force and temperature tended to increase with an increase in the cutting edge radius, and the cutting temperature was less affected by the cutting edge radius. The results of the cutting force and cutting temperature obtained from the experiment and simulation were consistent; therefore, the cutting simulation model was verified to be reliable. The results indicate that modeling cutting simulation is a promising research method for predicting the cutting performance of tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease, and topical sequential therapy with a combination of calcipotriol and calcipotriol betamethasone is currently approved topical treatment. However, the exact mechanism by which this treatment regimen relieves psoriasis is unknown. We assembled a cohort of 65 psoriasis patients and divided post-treatment cohort into responder group and non-responder group according to the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score after 12-week treatment. We measured the expression levels of proteins in collected 130 serum samples using our in-depth proteomics platform with a data-independent acquisition mass spectrometer and antibody microarray. We performed bioinformatics analyses of the biologic processes and signaling pathways that were changed in the responder group and constructed a proteomics landscape of psoriasis pathogenesis response to treatment. We then validated the biomarkers of disease severity in an independent cohort of 88 samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We first identified 174 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) for comparative analysis of proteins between responders and non-responders at baseline (p < 0.05). Then pathway analysis showed that the responders focused more on signaling molecules and interaction, complement and coagulation cascades, whereas the non-responders more on signal transduction and IL-17 signaling pathways. We further identified four candidate biomarkers (COLEC11, C1QA, BNC2, ITIH4) response to treatment. We also found 125 DEPs (p < 0.05) after treatment compared with before treatment in responder group. Pathway analysis showed an enrichment in pathways related to complement and coagulation cascades, phagosome, ECM-receptor interaction, cholesterol metabolism, vitamin digestion and absorption. CD14 was validated as potential biomarkers for the disease severity of psoriasis and treatment targets. In this work, we analyzed the response to topical sequential therapy and finally identified four biomarkers. Additionally, we found that topical sequential therapy may alleviate psoriasis by regulating lipid metabolism and modulating the immune response by affecting the complement activation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has attracted global attention and posed challenges to existing data governance frameworks. The increased technical complexity and expanded scale of data usage not only make it more difficult to regulate AI but also present challenges for the current legal system. This article, which takes ChatGPT's training data and working principles as a starting point, examines specific privacy risks, data leakage risks, and personal data risks posed by generative AI. It also analyzes the latest practices in privacy and personal data protection in China. This article finds that while China's governance on privacy and personal data protection takes a macro-micro integration approach and a private-and-public law integration approach, there are shortcomings in the legal system. Given that the current personal data protection system centered on individual control is unsuitable for the modes of data processing by generative AI, and that private law is insufficient in safeguarding data privacy, urgent institutional innovation is needed to achieve the objective of "trustworthy AI." • We discuss privacy and personal data risks posed by generative AI. • We explore approaches taken by China to control the risks posed by generative AI. • Additional institutional innovation is required for generative AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis is a chronic and refractory inflammatory and autoimmune-mediated cutaneous disease affecting approximately 2%–3% of the global population. Most of the current therapies could relieve symptoms rapidly, while the side effects cannot be negligible. Hence, it is urgent to explore much safer and more effective treatments. In the current work, we evaluated the potential beneficial effect of Punica granatum peel polysaccharides (PPPs) in an imiquimod-elicited psoriasis-like mouse model and unraveled their mechanism of action. Firstly, PPPs were isolated from P. granatum peels, and then the molecular weight was determined and monosaccharide analysis was performed. The results revealed that PPPs significantly ameliorated psoriasis-like skin lesions and reduced the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). PPPs also attenuated the expressions of CD3 and Ki67 in psoriasis-like mouse skin and suppressed the serum or skin levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17, and IL-23. Moreover, PPPs were able to upregulate the mRNA and protein expressions of aquaporin-3 (AQP3) and filaggrin (FLG) in the skin of mice. In addition, PPPs inhibited the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. Overall, these results indicated that PPPs ameliorated the symptoms of psoriasis through inhibition of the inflammatory cytokines by suppressing the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways and improved skin barrier protection via enhancing AQP3 and FLG. These observations potentially contribute to providing theoretical and experimental evidence for the clinical application of PPPs for psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis is chronic skin disease and an important health concern. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has shown great promise in the treatment of psoriasis. However, the correlation between TCM Syndromes and genomics of psoriasis has not been evaluated. Here, we analyzed gene expression profiling of monocytes from psoriasis vulgaris patients with different TCM syndrome types to reveal the molecular basis of different psoriasis syndromes. Of the 62 cases of psoriasis vulgaris recruited, 16, 23, and 23 cases were of blood-heat syndrome, blood stasis syndrome, and blood-dryness syndrome, respectively; 10 healthy controls were recruited as controls. Affymertix's Gene Chip ®clariom D gene chip was used to detect the gene expression profile of peripheral blood monocytes collected from recruited individuals. Compared with the healthy control group, 1570 genes were up-regulated and 977 genes were down-regulated in the psoriasis vulgaris patients group; 798 genes and 108 genes were up- and down-regulated in the blood-heat syndrome group respectively; 319 and 433 genes were up- and down-regulated in the blood-dryness syndrome group, respectively; and 502 and 179 genes were up-and down-regulated in the blood-stasis syndrome group. Our analyses indicated not only common differential genes and pathways between psoriasis syndrome groups and healthy controls, but also syndrome-specific genes and pathways. The results of this study link the three syndromes at the gene level and will be useful for clarifying the molecular basis of TCM syndromes of psoriasis. Clinical Trial Registration: (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=4390), identifier (ChiCTR-TRC-14005185). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mild‐moderate psoriasis vulgaris is a common dermatological autoimmune condition with limited conventional therapeutic options. Safe and effective adjunct therapies to topical non‐steroidal antipsoriatic therapy are needed. The oral Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) formula PSORI‐CM01 has been evidenced potential antipsoriatic pharmacological activity. This article reports a pilot study which was designed as a double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the effects of PSORI‐CM01 when added to topical calcipotriol cream. Methods: People with moderate psoriasis vulgaris were randomized to receive oral PSORI‐CM01 or placebo administered for 12 weeks in combination with calcipotriol. The primary clinical outcome was the change of psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score at week 12 and week 24. Secondary clinical outcomes were PASI75, PASI50, relapse rate, change in body surface area, dermatology life quality index and Skindex29, and adverse events (AEs). Participants' satisfaction and willingness to repeat were also assessed. Results: The pilot study was conducted in Australia and China, 29 participants were randomized with 26 completed the treatment and follow‐up. Participants' baseline basic characteristics were comparable. No between‐group statistical significance was found on pre‐defined clinical outcome measures, although there seemed a trend of treatment effects favoring the combination of PSORI‐CM01 with calcipotriol. Frequency and severity of AEs were similar between two groups, with no severe AEs reported. Conclusions: The design and duration of the study appears feasible. A proper powered RCT with slight adjustments in the methods is needed to reveal the add‐on effects of oral CHM PSORI‐CM01. The experience and results from this pilot study will contribute to the refine of objectives and design of a future study, and assist the sample size calculation for the full‐scale RCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis is recognized as an autoimmune and inflammatory dermatosis, which is estimated to affect 2-3% of the population worldwide. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), one of the main ingredients of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), has been shown to have numerous pharmacological effects such as antioxidative, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, it remains to be explored whether GA has antipsoriatic effect on psoriasis. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of GA on psoriasis and its mechanisms of action in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model. Results indicated that GA dramatically improved psoriatic lesions and reduced psoriasis area and severity index scores. GA also suppressed the mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-1β in the skin and increased the proportion of CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in both lymph nodes and spleens. Its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities may be related to its suppression of the STAT3 and mTOR signaling. In conclusion, GA ameliorated the symptoms of psoriasis, at least in part, through inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and STAT3/mTOR signaling and activation of Tregs in both lymph nodes and spleens. These effects are expected to be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the ecosystem health degree of the lake area groups on the west bank of Wangyu River, the structural equation model was constructed to evaluate the health of the River, and the suitability of the index system and evaluation method was verified as well. This paper analyzes the rationality of the evaluation results, classifies the health levels of water ecosystems in different regions, determines the key indicators affecting the health of lake water ecosystems, expounds the health status of lake area groups in the research area, and puts forward reasonable suggestions on the existing problems. The results show that total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen are the two most direct factors of water pollution. Total nitrogen factor load of sediment is large, which is the main endogenous pollution load of the Lake. Per capita GDP and gross industrial product have serious impacts on ecosystems and cause pollution to lakes. According to the results of the model, the lake eco-system health was divided into five grades, and 57.8% of the sampled sections in the study area were found to be unhealthy or diseased, more than half of which indicated that the water ecosystem of lake groups damaged and needs to be restored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a test and numerical investigation into the monotonic behavior of three different complex steel trusses to concrete-filled tubular (CFT) column joints. Based on an engineering structure, 1 : 4 reduced-scale specimens are manufactured and the three-dimensional subassembly testing system is designed to apply the monotonic load. Test phenomena and load-stress curves show that all three types of joints have a considerable load-carrying capacity and joint rigidity. Finite element (FE) analysis is adopted, and the stress distribution shows good agreement with test data. Both test and FE results show that local buckling and yielding in the root region of steel truss are the main failure modes of test joints and the core area of the CFT column remains intact which are in accordance with the design conception of "strong column and weak beam." Design conception of proposed overlap joint form is then investigated based on the FE model, and results show that the optimized overlap joint can effectively reduce the stress concentration in the adjacent steel tube and beam member when compared to the traditional N-type overlap joint. Finally, the influence of the outer diaphragm on the stiffness of joint is analyzed. By comparing the end-displacement of the beam member, conclusion can be obtained that the beam flange thickness is suggested to be chosen as the outer diaphragm thickness. The forms of three different proposed joints and their design conceptions can provide good guidance for designers and engineers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]