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ABSTRACT Objectives This study aims to investigate the impact of comorbidity with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) on the survival rates and incidence of liver cancer in patients with alcohol‐related liver disease (ARLD). Methods Patients with ARLD and those with ARLD co‐morbid with CHB were included in this study and designated as the ARLD group and the ARLD + HBV group, respectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) was then employed to compare survival rates and liver cancer development between these two groups. Results Among the 404 patients, 254 were in the ARLD group and 150 in the ARLD + HBV group. After propensity score matching, each group comprised 67 patients. Initially, the ARLD + HBV group exhibited lower 5‐year survival rates compared to the ARLD group (51.3% vs. 70.1%, p

Abstract Introduction The intestinal tract serves as an innate barrier, safeguarding the internal milieu from microorganisms and toxins. Various intestinal inflammatory diseases have a strong association with intestinal barrier dysfunction. The primary functional cells within the intestinal tract, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and their tight junctions (TJs), are crucial in preserving the integrity of this mechanical barrier. Resveratrol (Res), a plant‐derived phenolic compound, exhibits a range of health‐promoting benefits attributed to its anti‐inflammatory properties. This study aims to examine Res's efficacy in bolstering IECs barrier function. Methods Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was employed to induce barrier dysfunction in IECs. Inflammatory cytokines in supernatants (interleukin [IL]‐6, IL‐1β, tumor necrotic factor [TNF]‐α, and IL‐10) were quantified via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then we assessed monolayer integrity using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). TJ protein expression (zonula occludens [ZO]‐1 and Occludin) in IECs was evaluated through immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Network pharmacology helped identify the biological processes, signaling pathways, and key targets involved in Res's mitigation of DSS‐induced IECs barrier dysfunction. The efficacy of the primary target was further corroborated using Western blot. Results Res was shown to increase cell viability and IL‐10 expression while reducing TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β levels, thus mitigating the inflammatory response. It enhanced TEER values and upregulated TJ protein expression (ZO‐1 and Occludin). Network pharmacology revealed that Res potentially targets the NFE2L2 (nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2, Nrf2), a vital antioxidant factor. Significantly, Res augmented Nrf2 and heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1) protein levels, counteracting oxidative stress in the IECs barrier dysfunction model. Conclusion Overall, our findings suggested that Res ameliorated DSS‐induced IECs barrier dysfunction by activating Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway, showcasing significant therapeutic potential in the early stages of colitis.

The quinolone antibiotics represented by enrofloxacin (ENRO) are harmful to the ecological environment and human health due to illegal excessive use, resulting in increasing food residues and ENRO levels in the environment. To this end, we developed a MIPs–SERS method using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) to detect ENRO in food matrices. Firstly, a layer of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with the best SERS effect was synthesized on the surface of copper rods as the enhancing material by in situ reductions, and then MIPs targeting ENRO were prepared by the native polymerization reaction, and the MIPs containing template molecules wrapped on the surface of silver nanoparticle films (Ag NPs–MIPs) were obtained. Our results showed that the Ag NPs–MIPs could specifically identify ENRO from the complex environment. The minimum detection limit for ENRO was 0.25 ng/mL, and the characteristic peak intensity of ENRO was linearly correlated to the concentration with a linear range of 0.001~0.1 μg/mL. The experimental results showed that in comparison to other detection methods, the rapid detection of ENRO in food matrices using Ag NPs–MIPs as the substrate is reliable and offers a cost-effective, time-saving, highly selective, and sensitive method for detecting ENRO residues in real food samples.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) specifically targeting pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) and containing silver nanoparticles have been prepared by free radical polymerization reaction using methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a functional monomer, PCNB as a template molecule, 1,4-butanedioldimethacrylate as a cross linker, lauroyl peroxide (LPO) as an initiator, and the silver nanoparticles with the best surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect as SERS enhancement materials. Our results indicated that MIPs specifically recognize PCNB from complex matrices. The intensity of the PCNB characteristic peak was proportional to the concentration, with a linear range of 0.005 to 0.15 μg/mL and a limit of detection of 5.0 ng/mL. The recovery rates and relative standard deviation for the detection of PCNB spiked in the rice samples were from 94.4% to 103.3% and from 4.6% to 7.4%, respectively. The experimental results are consistent with those by the GC-MS method, indicating that the rapid detection of PCNB in food matrices by SERS-MIPs is reliable. In view of the insolubility of PCNB in water, oil-soluble silver nanoparticles were synthesized which can be expanded to detect oil-soluble toxic substances. For the first time, the proposed method provides a point-of-care and cost-effective tool for rapidly detecting PCNB in food matrices with high sensitivity and selectivity by employing SERS-MIPs method.