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Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disorder. Some studies have investigated the association between non-Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) enteric infection and the risk of developing IBD with conflicting conclusions. The objective of our study was to perform a meta-analysis of available studies evaluating the possible association between non-CDI enteric infection and the risk of developing IBD. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search of multiple online electronic databases. Inclusion criteria entailed studies about non-CDI enteric infection and IBD; A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of combined studies for the association between non-CDI enteric infection and the risk of developing IBD. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plot analysis. Results: Eight studies comprising 345,490 enteric infected patients, 3223 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and 2133 CD patients were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed a significantly higher risk of UC in patients with enteric infection compared with noninfected patients (RR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.85–2.8) (I2 = 91.3%, P < 0.001). It also showed a significantly higher risk of CD in patients with enteric infection compared with noninfected patients (RR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.66–2.14) (I2 = 49%, P = 0.024). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis has found that patients with non-CDI enteric infection were associated with an increased risk of IBD. Future studies are needed to determine the association between non-CDI enteric infection and the risk of developing IBD and elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms.

Background: The aim is to study the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) susceptibility locus in the THADA gene (rsl3429458) and PCOS in Xinjiang Uygur women. Methods: Seventy-seven Uygur patients with PCOS were enrolled from Reproductive Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University during May 2013 to January 2017; whereas 62 matched Uighur women of reproductive age with normal menstruation were set as the control group. Results: (1) The levels of body mass index, luteinizing hormone, testosterone (T), blood glucose after 2 h of oral glucose tolerance test, insulin, triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein in PCOS group were much higher than control group (P < 0.05). (2) The frequencies of TT, TG, and GG of SNP13429458 in PCOS were 63.5%, 26.2%, and 10.3%, respectively; compared to the frequencies in the control group being 48.5%, 39.3%, and 22.2%, respectively. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The allele frequency of T was much higher in PCOS than control women (76.5% vs. 61.4%, P < 0.05). Conclusions: SNPl3429458 in the THADA gene is associated with the susceptibility of PCOS in Uygur women, which may be involved in the metabolic abnormality.

The human patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing-3 (PNPLA3) gene rs738409 C>G polymorphism is associated with several types of liver disease. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the risk of cirrhosis on the basis of rs738409 allele frequency and genotype. Medline, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched for prospective and retrospective studies assessing the effect of the rs738409 polymorphism on liver cirrhosis. Seven studies, involving 2,023 patients with cirrhosis, were included. The G allele was associated with a significantly increased risk of cirrhosis versus the C allele [pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.64–2.12, Z = 9.55, P < 0.001]. Both the GC and GG genotypes were associated with a significantly increased risk of cirrhosis versus the CC genotype (GC vs. CC: pooled OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.51–1.98, Z = 7.86, P < 0.001; GG vs. CC: pooled OR = 3.41, 95% CI = 2.77–4.18, Z = 11.65, P < 0.001). There was no evidence of publication bias. Our findings suggest that patients at risk for liver cirrhosis may benefit from PNPLA3 genotyping and thus more intensive monitoring if the rs738409 C>G polymorphism is identified.

One new sesquiterpene and six known compounds were isolated from Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schot. They were identified as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosylalbicanol- 11-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), dihydroconiferylalcohol (2), (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid (3), esculetin (4), 5,7-dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethylchromone (5), eriodictyol (6) and isoorientin (7) by UV, MS, 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. The antifungal activities of the seven isolated compounds were screened. Compounds 2, 3, 4 and 5 showed obvious activities against Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton floccosum.