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Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion In this study, our aim was to develop and validate the effectiveness of diverse radiomic models for distinguishing between gnathic fibrous dysplasia (FD) and ossifying fibroma (OF) before surgery.We enrolled 220 patients with confirmed FD or OF. We extracted radiomic features from nonenhanced CT images. Following dimensionality reduction and feature selection, we constructed radiomic models using logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, light gradient boosting machine, and eXtreme gradient boosting. We then identified the best radiomic model using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. After combining radiomics features with clinical features, we developed a comprehensive model. ROC curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated the models' robustness and clinical value.We extracted 1834 radiomic features from CT images, reduced them to eight valuable features, and achieved high predictive efficiency, with area under curves (AUC) exceeding 0.95 for all the models. Ultimately, our combined model, which integrates radiomic and clinical data, displayed superior discriminatory ability (AUC: training cohort 0.970; test cohort 0.967). DCA highlighted its optimal clinical efficacy.Our combined model effectively differentiates between FD and OF, offering a noninvasive and efficient approach to clinical decision‐making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the accuracy of fused CBCT images in diagnosing three distinct groups of bone changes characterized by volume and thickness decrease in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJ OA) during follow-up., Methods: In this retrospective study, 109 patients (176 TMJs) with TMJ OA were included. Two consecutive CBCT images for the same patient were registered and fused. Then, three image sets were established: without fusion, fused 2D image, and fused 3D image. Three residents randomly and independently evaluated whether there was condylar resorption with the three image sets respectively. The samples diagnosed as condylar resorption by the expert panel were divided into three subgroups according to the volume and thickness decrease calculated after segmentation. The inter- and intraobserver agreement, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and area under the curve (AUC) evaluated the diagnostic capability for different subgroups., Results: For the volume decrease more than 50 mm 3 and thickness decrease more than 1 mm groups, the AUC values for fused image sets were higher than those without fusion ( p < 0.01). For the volume decrease within 50 mm 3 and thickness decrease within 1 mm groups, the AUC values for fused 2D image sets were higher than the image sets without fusion ( p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the fused 3D image sets and the image sets without fusion ( p = 0.48 for volume decrease, p = 0.37 for thickness decrease)., Conclusions: The fused images can improve the diagnostic accuracy and repeatability for the samples with at least 50 mm 3 volume decrease or 1 mm thickness decrease compared with the image groups without fusion.

The co-exposure of antibiotics has important effects on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microbial community aggregation in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, it is unclear whether differences in historical antibiotic exposure stress can determine responses of microbes and ARGs to combined antibiotics. By selecting a high concentration (30 mg·L -1 ) of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) as historical exposure stress conditions, the effects of SMX and TMP-combined pollution on ARGs, bacterial communities, and their interactions were explored in short-term experiments. Based on high-throughput quantitative PCR, a total of 13 ARGs were detected, and the absolute abundance was 2.21-5.42 copies·μL -1 (logarithm, DNA, the same below). Among them, sul2, ermB, mefA , and tetM-01 were the main subtypes in the samples, and the absolute abundance was between 2.95 and 5.40 copies·μL -1 . The combined contamination of SMX and TMP could cause the enrichment of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs); however, their effects on each subtype were different, and the historical legacy effect of SMX was higher than that of TMP. Under the different exposure histories, the co-occurrence and co-exclusion patterns existed between ARGs. Moreover, MGEs (especially intI-1 ) were significantly correlated with sulfonamides ( sul1 and sul2 ), tetracyclines[ tet(32) ], and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLSB) resistance genes ( ermB ). Based on the full-scale classification of microorganisms, it was found that the microbial community structure of various groups responded differently to combined pollution, and the conditionally abundant taxa (CAT) were obviously enriched. Thauera, Pseudoxanthomonas, and Paracoccus were the dominant resistant bacterial genera. Furthermore, a total of 31 potential hosts of ARGs were identified with network analysis, which were dominated with conditionally rare taxa (CRT). Particularly, Candidatus&#95;Alysiosphaera and Fusibacter were positively correlated with most of the ARGs, being the common protentional hosts. Importantly, some rare genera (RT, Variibacter, Aeromonas, Cloacibacterium , etc.) were potential hosts of transposon IS613 , which played an important role in the proliferation and spread of ARGs. In conclusion, this study revealed the legacy effects of historical antibiotic stress on ARGs and their hosts, which could provide new ideas and theoretical basis for reducing ARGs pollution in WWTPs.