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Mental health significantly affects the physical and emotional development of adolescents. The aim of the current study was to examine how physical activity (PA) and mental health among Korean adolescents changed before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

In order to improve the mechanical properties of short flax fiber reinforced silicone rubber composites, flax short fiber/silicone rubber composite was prepared with flax short fiber as reinforcement and silicone rubber as matrix. The effects of the length and content of flax short fiber on the tensile elastic modulus of composites were studied. The results show that the reinforcing effect of flax short fibers with different length and content on silicone-rubber-matrix composites is different. The tensile elastic modulus of the composite is the highest and breaking strain is the lowest when the content of flax short fibers is 1.26% and the length of flax short fiber is 2.5 mm. In the process of industrial production, different effects can be achieved by controlling the length and content of flax short fiber to reinforce the silicone rubber matrix.

Objectives: This study explored the effects of 6 weeks of variable resistance training (VRT) and constant resistance training (CRT) within complex training, on muscle strength and punch performance. Methods: Twenty-four elite female boxers from the China National team were divided randomly between an experimental group (VRT) and a control group (CRT). Maximum strength of the upper and lower limbs, countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, and punch performance (single, 10s and 30s continuous) were assessed pre- and post- intervention. Results: VRT and CRT showed significant increases (p < 0.001) in the bench press (ES = 1.79 and 1.07, respectively), squat (ES = 1.77 and 1.10, respectively), and CMJ (ES = 1.13 and 0.75, respectively). The bench press (p < 0.05) and squat (p < 0.05) improved significantly more following VRT compared to CRT. Additionally, single punch performance (speed, force, and power) increased significantly in the experimental group (ES = 1.17–1.79) and in the control group (ES = 0.58–1.32), except for the lead punch force in the control group (p > 0.05, ES = 0.20). 10s continuous punch performance (number, speed, force, and power) increased significantly (both p < 0.05) in the experimental group (ES = 0.52–1.65) and in the control group (ES = 0.32–0.81). 30s continuous punch performance (number, force, and power) increased significantly increased significantly (both p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found between groups for punch performance. Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that VRT may improve maximum muscle strength in both upper and lower limbs, vertical jump and punch performance in elite amateur boxers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vanadium-based oxides, due to their large specific capacity and relatively stable crystal structures, are one of the promising candidates as cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). However, their low electronic conductivity and sluggish kinetics of electrochemical reactions severely hinder their practical applications. Herein, Ti4+-doped VO2(B) materials have been synthesized by a hydrothermal method and utilized as cathode materials for aqueous ZIBs. The incorporation of Ti4+ alters the crystal nucleation mechanism, substantially enlarges the material's specific surface area, and concurrently improves its conductivity and the diffusion coefficient of Zn2+. Ti–VO2 demonstrates a specific capacity of 443.7 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and retains a reversible capacity of 161.5 mA h g−1 after 1000 charge per discharge cycles beyond 10 A g−1. The utilization of ex situ characterization techniques confirms the Zn2+/H+ co-intercalation mechanism and elucidates the irreversible structural alterations occurring in Ti–VO2 during charge and discharge processes. This study provides new ideas for the application of vanadium-based materials and can provide a reference for future research and development work in the field of vanadium-based ZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are still many uncertainties to be solved about extreme climate events in the semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau under climate change. In this study, the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model driven by the static geographical data and the final operational global analysis (FNL) global reanalysis data was used to simulate the climate of the Wuding River Basin of Shaanxi Province, China from 2011 to 2022, and the simulated results were verified using the observed data from four meteorological stations in the basin to analyze the applicability of the model. On this basis, 11 extreme weather indicators were selected, combined with Sen's slope estimator and the Mann- Kendall (M- K) test to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and spatiotemporal trend changes of extreme precipitation and extreme temperature at the annual and seasonal scales in the Wuding River Basin. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Extreme precipitation events in the basin are more frequent in the east than in the west, and the interannual and seasonal spatial distribution characteristics of the maximum daily precipitation (RX1day) and precipitation total (PRCPTOT) are high in the east and low in the west. (2) Extreme precipitation events in the basin will further increase, precipitation amount and intensity will further increase, but the duration of precipitation and the degree of drought will decrease, specifically reflected in increased precipitation in all seasons but decreased precipitation in autumn in the east. (3) Extreme temperature events in the basin are more frequent in the east than in the west, and the interannual and seasonal spatial distribution characteristics of the minimum temperature (TNn) and maximum temperature (TXx) are high in the east and low in the west. (4) Extreme temperature events in the basin will further increase, and the frequency of high and low temperatures and their intensity show opposite changes in the east and west directions, specifically manifested as decreased temperature in summer and increased temperature in spring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: CircRNA‐encoded proteins (CEPs) are emerging as new players in health and disease, and function as baits for the common partners of their cognate linear‐spliced RNA encoded proteins (LEPs). However, their prevalence across human tissues and biological roles remain largely unexplored. The placenta is an ideal model for identifying CEPs due to its considerable protein diversity that is required to sustain fetal development during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate circRNA translation in the human placenta, and the potential roles of the CEPs in placental development and dysfunction. Methods: Multiomics approaches, including RNA sequencing, ribosome profiling, and LC‐MS/MS analysis, were utilised to identify novel translational events of circRNAs in human placentas. Bioinformatics methods and the protein bait hypothesis were employed to evaluate the roles of these newly discovered CEPs in placentation and associated disorders. The pathogenic role of a recently identified CEP circPRKCB119aa in preeclampsia was investigated through qRT‐PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence imaging and phenotypic analyses. Results: We found that 528 placental circRNAs bound to ribosomes with active translational elongation, and 139 were translated to proteins. The CEPs showed considerable structural homology with their cognate LEPs, but are more stable, hydrophobic and have a lower molecular‐weight than the latter, all of which are conducive to their function as baits. On this basis, CEPs are deduced to be closely involved in placental function. Furthermore, we focused on a novel CEP circPRKCB119aa, and illuminated its pathogenic role in preeclampsia; it enhanced trophoblast autophagy by acting as a bait to inhibit phosphorylation of the cognate linear isoform PKCβ. Conclusions: We discovered a hidden circRNA‐encoded proteome in the human placenta, which offers new insights into the mechanisms underlying placental development, as well as placental disorders such as preeclampsia. Key points: A hidden circRNA‐encoded proteome in the human placenta was extensively identified and systematically characterised.The circRNA‐encoded proteins (CEPs) are potentially related to placental development and associated disorders.A novel conserved CEP circPRKCB119aa enhanced trophoblast autophagy by inhibiting phosphorylation of its cognate linear‐spliced isoform protein kinase C (PKC) β in preeclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction supply chain confronts interruption risks that raise significant concerns regarding industry safety and stability. Consequently, exploring risk management strategies from both enterprise and supply chain network perspectives is crucial. This study employs complex network theory and the cascade failure model to propose a methodology tailored to the unique characteristics of the construction supply chain, facilitating the identification of key risk nodes and the conduct of invulnerability analyses. By evaluating the importance of construction enterprise nodes and their risk propagation ability during cascade failures, this method enables the comprehensive identification of key risk node enterprises within the construction supply chain network. Furthermore, this study examines and discusses strategies for enhancing network invulnerability by taking into account node capacity, load, and resilience. Empirical results indicate that the key nodes and risk nodes in the construction supply chain network are mainly located upstream and downstream, displaying specific distribution patterns. In addition to core enterprises, key risk nodes comprise some strong suppliers at the intermediary and lower tiers of the supply chain. Adjustments to node enterprise parameters like capacity, load, and resilience have diverse impacts on the invulnerability of the construction supply chain network. This study clarifies the distribution patterns of key risk nodes within the construction supply chain network and the variations in network invulnerability under particular conditions, providing valuable insights for risk management decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strict air pressure control is paramount in industries such as petroleum, chemicals, transportation, and mining to ensure production safety and to improve operational efficiency. In these fields, accurate real-time air pressure monitoring is critical to optimize operations and ensure facility and personnel safety. Although current Internet of Things air pressure monitoring systems enable users to make decisions based on objective data, existing approaches are limited by long response times, low efficiency, and inadequate preprocessing. Additionally, the exponential increase in data volumes creates the risk of server downtime. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel real-time air pressure monitoring scheme that uses Arduino microcontrollers in conjunction with GPRS network communication. It also uses Apache Kafka to construct a multi-server cluster for high-performance message processing. Furthermore, data are backed up by configuring multiple replications, which safeguards against data loss during server failures. The scheme also includes an intuitive and user-friendly visualization interface for data analysis and subsequent decision making. The experimental results demonstrate that this approach offers high throughput and timely responsiveness, providing a more reliable option for real-time gathering, analysis, and storage of massive data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]