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Objectives: To investigate the relationships between life events and psychological distress in the postepidemic era as well as the effects of fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19) and impermanence on these relationships to enrich the study of the underlying psychological mechanisms of postepidemic psychological distress and to provide a theoretical basis for scientific prevention and intervention in individuals with psychological distress. Methods: A survey of 504 adults (71.3% female; age M = 26.87, SD = 10.70) was conducted via the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the FCV-19 Scale, the Impermanence Scale, the Anxiety Scale and the Depression Scale, and a structural equation model was established to explore the relationships between variables. Results: The present study revealed the following: (1) there is a significant positive correlation between life events and psychological distress; (2) FCV-19 completely mediates the relationship between life events and psychological distress; and (3) impermanence moderates the mediation, regulating the path by which life events affect FCV-19 and the path by which FCV-19 affects psychological distress. Conclusions: In the postepidemic era, impermanence can effectively mitigate the impact of life events on FCV-19 and the impact of FCV-19 on psychological distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThere is growing interest in the association between COVID-19-related stressors and quality of life. This study aimed to extend current knowledge by investigating the potential mediating roles of COVID-19 anxiety and COVID-19 burnout in the association between fear of COVID-19 and COVID-19 quality of life in nurses. A total of 300 nurses were selected by convenience sampling approach from a training and research hospital serving as a pandemic hospital in Turkey. COVID-19 anxiety, COVID-19 burnout, and COVID-19 quality of life data were collected using the self-reported questionnaires using both online and paper-and-pencil versions of the questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to conduct serial multiple mediation analysis. We found statistically significant associations among fear of COVID-19, COVID-19 anxiety, COVID-19 burnout, and COVID-19 quality of life. Serial multiple mediation analysis revealed that the association of fear of COVID-19 with COVID-19 quality of life was partially mediated by COVID-19 anxiety and COVID-19 burnout. These results indicate that the association of fear of COVID-19 with COVID-19 quality of life in nurses may be changed through COVID-19 anxiety and COVID-19 burnout, which appear to play serial multiple mediating roles in this association. These findings enrich our understanding of the associations among these psychological factors and suggest that focusing solely on fear of COVID-19 without considering the mediating effects of COVID-19 anxiety and COVID-19 burnout might not be adequate for reducing the COVID-19–impact on the quality of life among nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in substantial pressures for healthcare workers across the world. The association between fear of COVID‐19 and psychological distress, and the role of psychological resilience have gained research interest. The current study aimed to investigate the cross‐sectional association between fear of COVID‐19 and psychological distress, in Australian rural/regional healthcare workers and determine whether resilience modifies this association. Most participants were nurses (38.0%), mean age was 44.9 years, and 80.5% were female (N = 1313). An adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that the highest tertile of the Fear of COVID‐19 scale was associated with higher odds of moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (OR = 3.72, 95% CI = 2.27, 6.11; p < 0.001) and depression (OR = 3.48, 95% CI = 2.30, 5.28; p < 0.001). Healthcare workers with high level of fear of COVID‐19 and low level of resilience were much more likely to report moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (OR = 12.27, 95% CI = 6.65–22.65, p < 0.001) and depression (OR = 12.21, 95% CI = 6.93–21.50, p < 0.001) when compared to healthcare workers with low level of fear of COVID‐19 and high level of resilience. A cross‐sectional design was used and therefore cause and effect between fear of COVID‐19 and psychological distress cannot be inferred. Longitudinal research is needed to investigate the possible causal relationship. These findings highlight the potential mental health effects of fear of COVID‐19 on HCWs and demonstrate the importance of resilience as a possible moderator of these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It was conducted to determine the relationship between fear of Covid-19 and preoperative anxiety and postoperative analgesic requirement in total hip and knee arthroplasty patients. This descriptive study was conducted with 331 patients scheduled for arthroplasty who were hospitalized in the orthopedic clinic of a hospital in eastern Turkey between March 2022-2023. Fear of covid-19, state anxiety inventory, and visual analogue pain scale were used. The mean age of the patients was 61.9±14.4 years, 52.0% had undergone total knee arthroplasty, and there was no relationship between Covid-19 fear score and state anxiety score. A positive significant correlation was found between opioid requirement and Covid-19 fear score on the first and second days after surgery. A weak positive correlation was found between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) requirement and Covid-19 fear score on the zero, first and second days after surgery. A weak negative correlation was found between paracetamol use and Covid-19 fear score on the first and second days. It was determined that the Covid-19 fear experienced by the patients before surgery was not associated with preoperative anxiety and increased the use of analgesics such as NSAIDs and opioids after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to investigate the role of spirituality, intolerance of uncertainty (IU), and fear of COVID-19 as correlates and predictors of psychological distress among older adults in Pakistan and also assess the gender differences among research variables. Using a quantitative correlational survey research design, a sample of 150 (75 = Men, 75 = Women) older adults aged 55 years and above from different cities of Pakistan were approached through a non-probability purposive sampling strategy. Participants completed the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale IUS-12, Fear of COVID-19, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-K10. Spirituality has a significant negative relationship with psychological distress. Whereas, IU (Inhibitory anxiety and prospective anxiety) and fear of COVID-19 have a significant positive relationship with psychological distress. Results also showed that spirituality, IU dimensions, and fear of COVID-19 emerged as significant predictors of psychological distress among older adults after controlling for the effect of covariates. In addition, elderly females significantly showed more spirituality, less IU, and fear of COVID-19 as compared to elderly males. It is proposed that mental health care plays an important role in treating the psychological needs of older adults in pandemic situations and that further study is needed to develop effective solutions for older persons in stressful situations such as pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global COVID‐19 pandemic saw marked research and clinical interest in evaluating pandemic‐related distress, namely fear and anxiety regarding infection and death. The most widely used and earliest developed measure of COVID‐19 distress is Ahorsu et al. (2022) seven‐item Fear of COVID‐19 Scale (FCV‐19S). To investigate the factor structure and measurement equivalence of the FCV‐19S, we conducted an item‐level meta‐analysis synthesizing 1155 effect sizes across k = 55 independent samples comprising N = 71,161 individuals. We found that a two‐factor measurement model comprising a four‐item Emotional factor and a three‐item Psychosomatic factor exhibits better fit than the originally proposed single‐factor measurement model. Moreover, the bidimensional FCV‐19S exhibits partial scalar/strong invariance across the general population, healthcare workers, schoolteachers, and university students as well as partial metric/weak invariance across samples from Bangladesh, China, Japan, Pakistan, Poland, and Portugal. Despite the theoretical and practical implications of these findings, more primary research across a wider range of sample types and countries is undoubtedly needed for further evaluation of the FCV‐19S's psychometric properties and generalizability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to analyse the relationship between fear of COVID‐19 and hand hygiene beliefs and practices of surgical nurses. Method: This article is a descriptive correlational study. It was conducted between February and May 2021 with 306 surgical nurses working at public and private hospitals in Northern Cyprus. A personal information form, Fear of COVID‐19 Scale, Hand Hygiene Belief Scale and Hand Hygiene Practices Inventory were used for data collection. Results: Of the participants in the study, 25.41% were 29 years old or younger and 85.15% were female. The mean scores obtained from the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale, Hand Hygiene Belief Scale and the Hand Hygiene Practices Inventory were 23.12 ± 8.03, 81.33 ± 7.67 and 69.15 ± 1.94, respectively. The Fear of COVID‐19 Scale scores were negatively correlated with the Hand Hygiene Belief Scale scores and positively correlated with the Hand Hygiene Practices Inventory scores. Conclusion: Hand hygiene practices were better for nurses with higher level of COVID‐19 fear. Therefore, a high level of seriousness and awareness of nurses about hand hygiene, which was achieved during the COVID‐19 pandemic, should be sustained to maintain proper hand hygiene practices. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Hand hygiene is one of the primary ways to control the COVID‐19 pandemic.Adherence to hand hygiene may be influenced by various factors, including personal traits.Hand hygiene adherence among health professionals was low prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. What this paper adds? The Fear of COVID‐19 Scale scores of surgical nurses were above average.This study found that the fear of COVID‐19 was positively linked to hand hygiene practices of surgical nurses. The implications of this paper: Seriousness and awareness of nurses about hand hygiene during the COVID‐19 pandemic should be sustained in order to maintain good hand hygiene practices.Visual and printed education materials may emphasize disease and mortality rates during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Health institutions have the responsibility to provide appropriate antiseptic products to prevent hand skin problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ESTUDAM Public Health Journal is the property of ESTUDAM Public Health Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Despite being initially perceived as a local infectious disease, COVID-19 has emerged as one of the most perilous global health threats, significantly impacting the psychological well-being of individuals worldwide. Objective: This cross-sectional descriptive study investigates the psychological distress, fear, and coping mechanisms among Thai people residing in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This online cross-sectional survey targeted Thai individuals during the first and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants aged 18 and above who provided consent self-reported their responses to the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Brief Resilient Coping Scale. Data collection occurred between November 2020 and January 2021 across four regions of Thailand. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses explored associations between contextual factors and the variables of interest. Results: Out of 498 survey respondents, with an average age of 43.07 (SD = 13.69) years, 81.9% were female, and 61.6% self-identified as healthcare workers, with 47.59% identified as frontline healthcare workers. Findings revealed that 46% of participants experienced moderate-to-very high levels of psychological distress, 14.3% reported high levels of fear of COVID-19, and 35.1% exhibited low resilient coping. Factors such as changes in employment status or financial situations, comorbidities, contact with known or suspected COVID-19 cases, recent healthcare utilization for COVID-19-related stress, and elevated fear of COVID-19 were associated with higher levels of psychological distress. Conversely, being nurses and perceived better mental health status were linked to more effective coping strategies. Conclusion: These results emphasize the critical importance of government interventions to safeguard the psychological well-being of healthcare workers and the broader Thai population. Urgent measures to bolster resilience among these groups during and after the pandemic are imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the effects of fear of COVID-19 on future expectations among nursing students. The research is a correlational descriptive study. This study was conducted with 310 nursing students of a state university. The COVID-19 fear and future expectation mean scores of the participants were found, respectively, as 17.16 ± 5.36 and 48.09 ± 8.77. The COVID-19 fear levels of the participants significantly varied based on their gender, whereas their future expectation levels significantly varied based on their place of residence, status of willingly choosing their department and status of having someone in their surroundings and family who had COVID-19 (p < 0.05). No significant relationship was identified between the COVID-19 fear and future expectation levels of the participants (p > 0.05). In this study, it was determined that the COVID-19 fear and future expectation levels of the nursing students were moderate. It was found that fear of COVID-19 did not significantly affect future expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We tested the role of sense of coherence, social support, satisfaction with life, and resilience, as resources in the association between fear of COVID-19, perceived vulnerability to disease, and depression. Data from 804 students were collected at three South African universities in 2022 and 2023 by means of an electronic survey and analysed using structural equation modelling. We found that higher levels of fear of COVID-19 and hopelessness were associated with depression among the sample. Satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, and perceived social support had significant negative relationships with depression, indicating that these represent potential protective resources. Perceived vulnerability to disease had a positive relationship with perceived social support. While fear of COVID-19 significantly impacted depression, it did not show a significant relationship with other mental well-being measures, such as satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, resilience, or social support. Hopelessness showed a strong negative correlation, not only with resilience but also with satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, and perceived social support, making it a critical factor in mental well-being. Perceived social support acted as a mediator between both hopelessness and perceived vulnerability to disease and depression. Satisfaction with life mediated the relationship between hopelessness and depression, and sense of coherence mediated the relationship between perceived vulnerability to disease and depression. While higher levels of fear related to COVID-19 and pervasive feelings of hopelessness were robust predictors of depressive symptoms, factors such as satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, and perceived social support emerged as protective resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of fear of COVID-19 in prospectively predicting changes in psychopathological symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear. The present data were obtained from a longitudinal non-probability sample in Germany, initially assessed at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (April–May 2020) and reassessed after two years (n = 846; 83% female; mean age: 44.59 years, SD = 12.32; response rate: 19.5%). Multiple linear regressions were used to examine associations of fear of COVID-19 at baseline with depressive symptoms, anxiety, health anxiety, psychosocial distress, and loneliness controlling for (a) the respective symptom measure, and (b) all psychopathological symptoms at baseline. The data were weighted to minimize attrition and representativeness biases. Overall, loneliness decreased from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic until the two-year follow-up, whereas all other symptoms did not change. Fear of COVID-19 at the beginning of the pandemic predicted an increase in anxiety symptoms, health anxiety, psychosocial distress, and loneliness two years later. In addition, fear of COVID-19 predicted higher health anxiety, depressive symptoms, psychosocial distress, and loneliness, but not anxiety symptoms when controlling for all baseline symptom measures at once. Fear of COVID-19 seems to play a central role in predicting negative mental health outcomes, emphasizing the necessity of indicated prevention and intervention to decrease worry and manage anxiety, thereby reducing the negative impact on mental health caused by fear during future pandemics. • Loneliness decreased over two years. • Anxiety, depression, health anxiety, and psychosocial distress remained unchanged. • Fear of COVID-19 was associated with increases in these psychopathological symptoms. • Fear of COVID-19 is a central predictor of adverse mental health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study determined the psychometric integrity of the Dari version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). In addition, this contribution analyzed the moderating role of student self-efficacy between the fear of COVID-19 and mental well-being. Methods: The sample comprised 436 Afghan students studying in three universities situated in Kabul. First, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the unidimensional structure of the FCV-19S. Second, relationship of the FCV-19S with Anxiety of COVID-19 and mental well-being determined its concurrent validity. Third, the average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR) determined the convergent validity of the scale. Fourth, the internal consistency reliability of FCV-19S was calculated. Lastly, the moderation analysis was conducted based on Model 1 of the PROCESS macro. Results: CFA demonstrated that the FCV-19S was a good model fit and confirmed its unidimensional structure. In addition, the FCV-19S showed good concurrent validity, adequate convergent validity, and excellent internal consistency reliability. Further, student self-efficacy moderated the relation between the fear of COVID-19 and mental well-being. Conclusion: The Dari version of the FCV-19S demonstrates robust psychometric properties. Further, moderate and high levels of student self-efficacy significantly reduce the negative influence of fear of COVID-19 on mental well-being.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. The health of retirees, as an expanding and vulnerable group, is of particular importance in society, and it is necessary to prioritize their problems in critical situations such as the spread of the coronavirus. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of social and cultural capital on the level of fear of COVID-19 among retired employees of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TUOMS). Methods. This survey-based research employed a descriptive-explanatory design and was practical in terms of purpose. This study selected 410 retirees from TUOMS in Iran using a simple random sampling method. The data collection tools in this study included three questionnaires: cultural capital, social capital, and fear of COVID-19. We tested the research hypotheses using SPSS software (version 22). Results. The bivariate results of the study indicated that social capital and its dimensions (social networks, social trust, and social participation) and cultural capital and its dimensions (embodied, objective, and institutional) had a significant and inversed effect on the level of fear of COVID-19 among the retirees. The regression model of fear of COVID-19 also found that both independent variables (social capital and cultural capital) were statistically significant and could explain about 36% and 31% of the changes in the dependent variable (fear of COVID-19 among retirees), respectively. Conclusion. This study indicated a significant and inverse relationship between social and cultural capital and the level of fear of COVID-19 among the retirees of TUOMS. The findings of the present study can be generalized to all retired TUOMS employees. Therefore, healthcare policymakers should take effective measures to increase the funds allocated to diseases such as COVID-19 and reduce the fear of the disease, which is a risk factor for physical and mental diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Telecommuting has been found to have a profound effect on employee turnover intention. However, the literature is vague in understanding the mechanism through which telecommuting affects employee retention (ER). Grounded on the conservation of resource (COR) theory and social exchange theory (SET), this study examined the impact of telecommuting on ER and fear of COVID-19 and the subsequent impact of fear of COVID-19 on ER. The study also investigated fear of COVID-19 as a mediating mechanism between telecommuting and ER. Data collected from 307 employees working in nonprofit and nongovernmental organisations in Balochistan, Pakistan was analysed using PLS-SEM. The findings showed that telecommuting was positively related to ER while its relationship was negative and significant with fear of COVID-19. Further analyses showed that fear of COVID-19 was negatively related to ER. The findings further revealed that fear of COVID-19 mediated the influence of telecommuting on ER. The overall results demonstrate the importance of telecommuting in strengthening ER and reducing fear of COVID-19. The study provides a tool for policymakers and management practitioners to set up plans for a situation like COVID-19 in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objectives To investigate the relationships between life events and psychological distress in the postepidemic era as well as the effects of fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19) and impermanence on these relationships to enrich the study of the underlying psychological mechanisms of postepidemic psychological distress and to provide a theoretical basis for scientific prevention and intervention in individuals with psychological distress. Methods A survey of 504 adults (71.3% female; age M = 26.87, SD = 10.70) was conducted via the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the FCV-19 Scale, the Impermanence Scale, the Anxiety Scale and the Depression Scale, and a structural equation model was established to explore the relationships between variables. Results The present study revealed the following: (1) there is a significant positive correlation between life events and psychological distress; (2) FCV-19 completely mediates the relationship between life events and psychological distress; and (3) impermanence moderates the mediation, regulating the path by which life events affect FCV-19 and the path by which FCV-19 affects psychological distress. Conclusions In the postepidemic era, impermanence can effectively mitigate the impact of life events on FCV-19 and the impact of FCV-19 on psychological distress.

This research examined the associations between resilience, fear of COVID-19, coronavirus anxiety and COVID-19 burnout. The study also aimed to validate the COVID-19 Burnout Scale (COVID-19-BS) in Urdu. Participants included 812 Pakistani young adults (55.7% males; mean age 26.4 ± 8.7 years). Results supported a one-factor solution for the COVID-19-BS with high reliability. Mediation analysis showed that resilience mediated the relationships between fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety with COVID-19 burnout. The study provided preliminary evidence that fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety might be significant risk factors for burnout among the Pakistani general population, and resilience might mitigate the impacts of these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the possible mediating role of psychological flexibility in the association between fear of COVID-19, affective symptoms and well-being. 403 subjects were recruited; fear of COVID-19, psychological flexibility, affective symptoms and well-being were assessed via self-report measures. Correlation and mediation analyses were run. Psychological flexibility was found to play a mediating role in the association between fear of COVID-19 and more severe affective symptoms (adjusted R-squared = 52%, p < 0.001), and between fear of COVID-19 and poor well-being (adjusted R-squared = 41%, p < 0.001). Psychological flexibility may mitigate the negative impacts of fear of COVID-19 on affective symptoms and well-being Psychological flexibility could be the potential therapeutic target in clinical interventions aimed at reducing the adverse effects of fear of COVID-19 on mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The health of retirees, as an expanding and vulnerable group, is of particular importance in society, and it is necessary to prioritize their problems in critical situations such as the spread of the coronavirus. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of social and cultural capital on the level of fear of COVID-19 among retired employees of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TUOMS). Methods. This survey-based research employed a descriptive-explanatory design and was practical in terms of purpose. This study selected 410 retirees from TUOMS in Iran using a simple random sampling method. The data collection tools in this study included three questionnaires: cultural capital, social capital, and fear of COVID-19. We tested the research hypotheses using SPSS software (version 22). Results. The bivariate results of the study indicated that social capital and its dimensions (social networks, social trust, and social participation) and cultural capital and its dimensions (embodied, objective, and institutional) had a significant and inversed effect on the level of fear of COVID-19 among the retirees. The regression model of fear of COVID-19 also found that both independent variables (social capital and cultural capital) were statistically significant and could explain about 36% and 31% of the changes in the dependent variable (fear of COVID-19 among retirees), respectively. Conclusion. This study indicated a significant and inverse relationship between social and cultural capital and the level of fear of COVID-19 among the retirees of TUOMS. The findings of the present study can be generalized to all retired TUOMS employees. Therefore, healthcare policymakers should take effective measures to increase the funds allocated to diseases such as COVID-19 and reduce the fear of the disease, which is a risk factor for physical and mental diseases.

Abstract Background During the pandemic, many police dentists had the crucial responsibility of ensuring law and order while providing dental care by taking government-approved health measures to stop the spread of the coronavirus. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the fear of COVID-19 and Burnout syndrome in Peruvian dentists belonging to the Health Department of the National Police of Peru (PNP), taking into account possible confounding variables. Methods This cross-sectional and analytical study included 182 PNP dentists. The Fear COVID-19 Scale assessed fear of COVID-19 and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Test assessed burnout syndrome. The association between the fear of COVID-19 and Burnout syndrome (self-fulfilment) was analyzed using Spearman's Rho. A multivariable Poisson regression model with a robust variance estimation method was employed to evaluate the impact of fear of COVID-19 on the various dimensions of Burnout syndrome, considering possible confounding variables. The statistical significance level was set at p 0.05), depersonalization (p > 0.05), and self-fulfilment (p > 0.05). Conclusion Fear of COVID-19 was significantly associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and inversely associated with self-fulfilment. PNP dentists who exhibited fear of COVID-19 were at greater risk for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. In developing Burnout syndrome, no significant impact was observed from factors such as age, gender, marital status, children, hierarchy, years of service, work area, private practice, work over 40 h per week, type of service, work performed, sport practice and daily exercise time.

Numerous cross-sectional studies have indicated a significant association between fear of COVID-19 and mental health issues, such as depressive symptoms. However, limited research has explored the longitudinal relationship and underlying mechanisms between fear of COVID-19 and depressive symptoms. To address the research gap, we conducted a three-wave longitudinal study between October 2021 and September 2022, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, and developed a moderated mediation model incorporating loneliness and hope. A total of 366 Chinese undergraduates participated in the study at Time 1, with 346 and 339 students completing subsequent surveys at Time 2 and Time 3 over the course of a year. All participants completed self-report surveys online. Results revealed a positive correlation between fear of COVID-19 and depressive symptoms, with loneliness partially mediating this relationship. Moreover, trait hope moderated the direct effect of fear of COVID-19 on depressive symptoms, with the direct effect being insignificant for individuals with high levels of hope. Thus, hope may serve as a protective factor for young adults to mitigate the impact of fear of COVID-19 on depressive symptoms. These findings provide insight into the underlying mechanisms linking fear of COVID-19 and depressive symptoms, and offer enlightening coping strategies (e.g., hope-based interventions) for depression resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were included among high-risk groups for more severe manifestations in case of COVID-19 infection and higher risk of mortality. The current study aims to (1) examine the relationship between death obsession, religiosity, and fear of COVID-19 among type 2 diabetes patients, and (2) assess if religiosity moderates the relationship between death obsession and fear of COVID-19. This cross-sectional online survey involved 306 type 2 diabetes patients. We found that 35.6 % of the participants were overweight and 14.6 % were suffering from obesity. Results showed that death obsession was positively associated with fear of COVID-19 and more religious individuals experience higher levels of fear. The overall level of religiosity did not moderate the relationship between death obsession and fear of COVID-19 but only the preoccupation with God dimension of the religiosity scale. The practical implications of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has profoundly affected the psychological well-being of university students globally. Previous studies have found a positive longitudinal link between fear of COVID-19 (FoC-19) and internet addiction. However, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding COVID-19-specific predictors and underlying mechanisms of internet gaming addiction (IGA). Methods: Integrating the compensatory internet use theory and social role theory as frameworks, a three-wave longitudinal approach was used in this study to test the hypothesized model. Data spanning a duration of one year were gathered from undergraduate students in China. From 2021 to 2022, we conducted online self-report surveys in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic to obtain participants' levels of FoC-19, loneliness, depressive symptoms, and IGA. Results: FoC-19 showed a longitudinal positive relationship with IGA. The longitudinal link between FoC-19 and IGA was mediated by loneliness and depression. Gender moderated the direct effect of FoC-19 on IGA, with this effect being significant only among male students and not among their female counterparts. Conclusion: These findings advance our comprehension of the mechanisms and gender differences underlying the link between FoC-19 and IGA, and provide a novel perspective for interventions to reduce IGA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social distancing policies ushered in by the COVID-19 pandemic have altered working conditions and created new job demands. This study adopted the Job Demands−Resources (JD−R) model to investigate the relationship between demands and strains (i.e. social isolation, remote work stress, and fear of COVID-19) and remote work satisfaction and remote work performance. Additionally, the study sought to identify the moderating roles of employees' digital literacy and cyberslacking in the relationship between remote work satisfaction and remote work performance. After analysing data collected from a sample of 340 Iranian remote workers, results showed social isolation, remote work stress, and fear of COVID-19 related to remote work satisfaction negatively and decrease remote work performance through the mediation of remote work satisfaction. Moreover, digital literacy and cyberslacking moderated the relationship between remote work satisfaction and remote work performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. By linking job demands and strains, psychological states, and employee output, this research notably contributes to the literature on remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 has emerged as a pervasive global challenge, giving rise to both significant public health concerns and a range of psychological experiences, such as fear, stigma, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Importantly, healthcare professionals have been subjected to immense mental health problems as they battle against this disease. This study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of perceived stigma, self-stigma related to COVID-19, and fear of COVID-19 in the associations between peritraumatic dissociative experiences and post-traumatic stress disorder during a three-wave COVID-19 pandemic (4th [T1], no wave [T2], and 5th [T3]) in Iran. Data were collected from healthcare professionals using the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale-6, Perceived Stigma Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Self-Stigma Scale-Short. The results of structural equation modelling demonstrated positive associations between peritraumatic dissociative experiences, perceived stigma, self-stigma related to COVID-19, fear of COVID-19, and post-traumatic stress disorder across all survey waves. Moreover, the study revealed that perceived stigma, self-stigma related to COVID-19, and fear of COVID-19 acted as mediators in the association between peritraumatic dissociative experiences and post-traumatic stress disorder. The implications of these findings highlight the urgent need to address the mental health of healthcare professionals in the aftermath of a pandemic. Policy efforts should be directed towards providing adequate mental health resources and support to mitigate the psychological impact of pandemics on healthcare professionals. • Significant associations were between peritraumatic dissociative experiences, perceived stigma, self-stigma, fear of COVID-19, and PTSD. • Perceived stigma, self-stigma, and fear of COVID-19 mediated the relationship between peritraumatic dissociative experiences and PTSD. • Findings indicated the lasting impact of peritraumatic dissociative experiences on mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Covid-19 pandemic and its relative containment measures have affected populations' quality of life and psychological well-being worldwide. The fear related to the pandemic and the imposed containment measures has acted as a trigger causing a global increase in negative mental health states. Thus, we aimed to explore the relationship between fear of covid-19 and mental health via QoL (the first and the second lockdown in Italy, 2020). Subject and methods: Through a quantitative cross-lagged path model research design, the study investigates people's fear of Covid-19, quality of life, and negative mental states in a population of 444 Italian adults (Mean=40.7; Standard Deviation=16.9; 80% women), in the period between the first and the second waves of the pandemic. Results: Results show that participants' Covid-19 fear decreased between waves, contributing to a decrease in negative mental states (stress, anxiety and depression), thus improving the perceived quality of life. Furthermore, quality of life emerged as able to buffer the impact of fear of Covid on people's psychological distress in short and medium terms, confirming its central role in regulating mental distress. Conclusion: The study suggests important guidelines for developing interventions to support the populations' well-being and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the association of health and hospital workers' fears of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) with anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, depression, and sociodemographic variables during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A total of 527 participants (237 men/289 women) were included, 222 of the participants were doctors, 99 nurses, 22 assistant health personnel, and 182 hospital personnel without health education. Participants filled in the sociodemographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Anxiety Sensitivity Index‐3, and Fear of COVID‐19 Inventory. In linear regression analysis, independent predictors of the fear of COVID‐19 were determined as Beck Anxiety Inventory (p < 0.001), Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.001), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index‐3 Physical subscale (p = 0.001). The fear of COVID‐19 is associated with the physical subscale of anxiety, depression, and anxiety sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Special Education and Rehabilitation Centres (SERCs) are rare institutions where health and education professionals work together. This study aims to investigate fear of Covid-19, attention to social distance, and occupational burnout among health and education professionals working in the SERCs during the pandemic. Our study group consisted of 150 professionals, 97 of whom graduated from the health science faculty and 53 from the education faculty, all employed at 17 different SERCs in Turkey between July and November 2021. The Covid-19 Fear Scale was used to measure Covid-19 fear, the Social Distancing Scale for social distance attention, and the Maslach Burnout Scale for occupational burnout. Both groups showed similar Covid-19 fear frequencies of 84.9% for health professionals and 83.5% for education professionals. Health professionals significantly (p=0.027) paid more attention to social distancing. Healthcare professions have significantly better scores for total occupational burnout, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization. There was a significant positive moderate relationship between the fear of Covid-19, emotional exhaustion (p<.000, r=.423), and depersonalization (p<0.000, r=.547). There was a significant positive, very weak relationship between the attention to social distancing and depersonalization (p=0.005, r=229). Fear of Covid-19 and occupational burnout among health and education professionals working in SERCs are similar and as common as among frontline health workers in a hospital. SERCs can be considered as priority institutions where protection support should be provided during a pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to investigate the mediating role of work-family life conflict in the effect of Covid-19 fear on life satisfaction. The research was designed as a quantitative and cross-sectional study. A total of 461 married adults living in different cities in Türkiye were reached online. The data collection tools were a demographic information form, a work-family life conflict scale, a Covid-19 fear scale, and a life satisfaction scale. The collected data were analysed using IBM's SPSS v.26 and SPSS Amos v.24 programs and Process Macro v.4.2 plugin. The hypotheses in the study using Structural Equation Modelling were tested by correlation, moderation and path analyses. As a result, no significant relationship was found between Covid-19 fear and life satisfaction. Work-family life conflict was found to have a negative full mediation effect only in the dimension of work-family life conflict. This negative mediating effect was higher in women. Additionally, work-at-home status was found to be a predictor, reducing work-family life conflict while increasing life satisfaction. Based on these findings, recommendations have been made to policy makers and implementers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Health Academics / Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Health Academics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: There was increased risk of mental disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with chronic diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), were particularly vulnerable. Our previous study showed high levels of fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S), anxiety (HADS-A), and depression (HADS-D) in the second year of the pandemic among PAH/CTEPH patients. The aim of the present study was to assess changes in the levels of FCV-19S, HADS-A, and HADS-D after removing restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this prospective, single-center study, 141 patients (62% females, 64% PAH) with a median age of 60 (range 42–72) years were included. Patients completed appropriate surveys in the second year of the pandemic, and then, after the restrictions were lifted in Poland (after 28 March 2022). Results: FVC-19S decreased significantly from 18 (12–23) to 14 (9–21), p < 0.001. The levels of anxiety (HADS-A ≥ 8 points) and depression (HADS-D ≥ 8 points) were abnormal in 26% and 16% of patients, respectively; these did not change at follow-up (p = 0.34 for HADS-A and p = 0.39 for HADS-D). Conclusions: Among PAH/CTEPH patients, fear of COVID-19 decreased significantly after the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions were removed, but anxiety and depression remained high, indicating that the COVID-19 pandemic was not a major factor in causing these disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to provoke uncertainty and was associated with numerous adverse mental health effects in a number of studies. Studies also suggest that hope and resilience help in improving mental health. Also, the fear of COVID-19 is strongly related with stress, anxiety, depression, and even suicide. However, hope and resilience have been shown to be protective factors in adverse situations. Moreover, adolescence is a period of change and turmoil. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to explore hope, resilience, intolerance to uncertainty (IU) and fear of COVID-19 among adolescents during pandemic times in 2020. The primary objective was to see whether fear of COVID-19 would influence hope, resilience and IU in 150 school-going male and female adolescents, aged between 16-19 years. Data was collected online (snowball technique) by applying reliable and valid scales of Adult State Hope, Brief Resilience, Intolerance to Uncertainty, and Fear of COVID-19. Results showed that males (N=68) had significantly higher IU and fear of COVID-19 as compared to females (N=82). Intolerance to uncertainty significantly predicted fear of COVID-19 (B=0.44), explaining 44 % of the variance in the prediction of fear of COVID-19 (N=150). The strong contribution of IU in the prediction of fear of COVID-19 seems to be a valuable outcome of the study, in addition to the presence of more fear and uncertainty in male adolescents. It may be concluded that fear of COVID-19 and IU should be looked at from a gender perspective, and certain protective measures be adopted to overcome this adverse situation. Results are discussed in the context of available evidence and limitations of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the rapid spread of COVID-19, first responders are at risk of being exposed to COVID-19 due to their role in providing first aid and responding to an unspecified number of people. This uncertainty can have adverse mental health effects, such as increased anxiety and fear. This study aimed to investigate the degree of association between fear of COVID-19, obsession with COVID-19, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in emergency rescue firefighters. The participants were 150 emergency rescue firefighters working in Region S, Korea. They filled out self-report questionnaires: The data obtained through the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Obsession with COVID-19 Scale, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version were subjected to nonparametric statistical analysis using SPSS WIN 25.0. The study found a significant correlation between emergency rescue firefighters' fear of COVID-19, obsession with COVID-19, and PTSD. Fear and obsession with COVID-19 were higher among first responder firefighters who were directly involved in COVID-19-related tasks. Furthermore, a one-point increase in obsession was associated with a 2.837-point increase in PTSD. Based on the results, we found that there is a need for effective control of obsessions and fears among first responder firefighters during COVID-19, and we suggest that there is a need for mental health care for first responder firefighters during the pandemic through the development and support of programs to prevent and mitigate obsessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examines the role of death anxiety as an important mechanism underlying the relationship between fear of Covid-19 and hotel frontline employees' (FLEs) sense of work alienation. Importantly, the study proposes FLEs' intrinsic spirituality as being a relevant boundary condition. Results, based on time-lagged survey data (three rounds, 2 weeks apart) from 203 FLEs in 91 hotels and analyzed using structural equation modeling, reveal that death anxiety mediates the association between fear of Covid-19 and work alienation. In addition, FLEs' intrinsic spirituality moderates the direct relationship between fear of Covid-19 and death anxiety and the indirect relationship between fear of Covid-19 and work alienation, such that the relationships are weak when intrinsic spirituality is high (vs. low). The study offers several important suggestions that can help hospitality managers address FLEs' sense of work alienation during traumatic conditions. Highlights: Death anxiety mediates the relationship between fear of Covid-19 and work alienation. Intrinsic spirituality moderates the link between fear of Covid-19 and death anxiety. Intrinsic spirituality moderates the indirect fear of Covid-19-work alienation link. The findings can help hotel managers address FLEs' sense of work alienation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the emergence of COVID-19, many changes have occurred around the world, which has negatively affected individuals. Accordingly, this study aims to determine whether psychological resilience affected the level of fear of COVID-19 and the level of future career anxiety among students who are about to graduate. The data were collected through an online survey of 370 undergraduate students in various disciplines based on three measures related to fear of COVID-19, future career anxiety, and psychological resilience. The results of the study revealed a positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and future career anxiety and a relationship between psychological resilience and future career anxiety, and the result of structural equation modeling proved that the mediation role between psychological resilience and future career anxiety was insignificant. The results of this study help create an understanding of the effects of the pandemic on individuals and contribute to knowledge about the preventive role of psychological resilience in overcoming difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies have found mixed evidence on whether or not worrying about COVID-19 would lead to a decrease in climate change engagement. To gain more clarity in this line of research, we revisited the finite pool of worry and risk-as-feelings hypotheses by exploring whether and how COVID-19 health beliefs are associated with climate change engagement. Data were collected in February 2021 from a cross-sectional online survey of US adults (N = 434). Findings from structural equation modeling demonstrate that COVID-19 health beliefs were positively associated with fear of COVID-19, which further mediated the effect of COVID-19 health belief factors on climate change responses. While perceived severity of COVID-19 was positively associated with climate change concern, perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 was negatively associated with climate change concern. In summary, our study clarifies that a finite pool of worry hypothesis may be supported when the susceptibility dimension of risk is examined, and when evaluating the severity dimension, an opposite risk-as-feelings hypothesis may be supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Young Thai men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV transmission, making effective prevention crucial. This study aimed to examine the relationships between health beliefs, fear of COVID-19, knowledge of HIV transmission, and HIV preventive behaviors among young Thai MSM during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A cross-sectional online questionnaire study guided by the health belief model was conducted among young Thai MSM using snowball sampling. Data on HIV/AIDS health beliefs, knowledge of HIV prevention, fear of COVID-19, and HIV preventive behaviors were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study included 134 participants (59.7% gay, 40.3% transgender). Knowledge of HIV prevention, fear of COVID-19, and HIV preventive behaviors were at a moderate level. Perceived severity of HIV/AIDS, perceived benefits of HIV prevention, self-efficacy for HIV prevention, knowledge of HIV transmission, and fear of COVID-19 were significantly related to HIV preventive behaviors among young Thai MSM (p

The research examines the severity of fear of Covid-19 its relation to the frequency of obtaining information on Covid-19 through the media and hope, as well as differences in relation to social and demographic variables. The aim was to examine whether and how the frequency of obtaining information in the media on the topic of Covid-19 affects the level of fear of Covid-19. Additional aim was to examine in which way are hope and certain sociodemographic variables related to fear of Covid and informing oneself through media. The sample comprised 316 respondents (214 females). The instruments: Scale of fear of Covid-19, Scale of Hope, as well as 4 questions related to the frequency of receiving information on the topic of Covid-19 from the media and sociodemographic questionnaire. Respondents who have children are more frequently attentive to the Covid-19 statistics in the media, expert presentations on the topic of Covid-19 and information on the Internet. Respondents living alone and with a lower level of education are more often informed on Covid-19 through the media, in all four described ways. Positive correlations were obtained between the fear of Covid-19 and all four described ways of receiving information in the media. In the first model, 6.5% of the variance in fear of Covid-19 is predicted by sociodemographic variables and hope; parenting and level of education stand out as significant factors. The second model included variables related to obtaining information on the topic of Covid-19 through the media. This model explains 17.9% of the variance in fear of Covid-19, with significant predictors being parenting, level of education and the frequency of keeping track of expert presentations on the topic of Covid-19.

Bu çalışma, COVID-19 sürecinin tam ortasında bulunan ve pandemiyi bertaraf etmek için gece gündüz çalışan sağlık çalışanlarını kapsamakta olup sağlık çalışanlarının COVID-19 korkusu yaşayıp yaşamadıkları, bunun iş tatminlerini nasıl etkilediği ve bu süreçte hastane yönetiminin krizi nasıl yönettiği ile ilgili algıları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın kitlesini. Çankırı ilinde faaliyet gösteren devlet ve diş hastaneleri personeli oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma alanındaki tüm personele ulaşmak mümkün olmadığı için örneklemeye başvurulmuştur. Kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile 419 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında daha önce geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması yapılan ölçekler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizi için SPSS istatistik programından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda sağlık çalışanlarının COVID-19 korkusu yaşadıkları, bu nedenle iş tatminlerinin düşük olduğu ve yöneticilerinin krizi etkin bir şekilde yönetemediğini düşündükleri tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada COVID-19 korkusunun iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisinde kriz yönetimi ile ilgili algı devreye girdiğinde COVID-19 korkusunun ortadan kalkmadığı fakat düştüğü tespit edilmiştir. Başka bir deyişle kriz yönetimine ilişkin algının COVID-19 korkusu ve iş tatmini arasında kısmi aracılık rolü oynadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmayla en ölümcül durumlarda bile etkili ve başarılı bir kriz yönetiminin çalışanların korkularını azaltma ve çalışanların tatmin düzeylerini de artırma noktasında ne düzeyde önemli olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Objective: This research was planned to investigate the marital adjustment of pregnant women and their Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) fear during the COVID-19 pandemic period and identify the association between these two variables. Method: This study was performed with a descriptive and cross-sectional design from October 2021 to January 2022. Results: A total of 193 pregnant and married women participated in the research. It was discerned that the variable of marital adjustment perception had no effect on women’s Fear of COVID-19 Scale scores (p>0.05) whereas it had a statistically significant effect on their Marital Adjustment Test, Relationship Style Sub-Scale, and Agreement Sub-Scale scores (p0.05). Conclusion: It was determined in the present study that the fear of COVID-19 did not affect the marital adjustment levels of pregnant women significantly, and as the marital adjustment scores of the participants increased, their agreement and relationship style scores also increased.

The COVID-19 pandemic had influenced the global economy, including Indonesia’s tourism industry. The inability to mitigate these challenges had substantially jeopardized the sustainability of tourism, with social and economic consequences. This present study examines a case study of marine tourism in the eastern salient of Java, one of the most popular places in Java Island, to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19, travel anxiety, and risk attitude toward travel intention. This study employed a quantitative method. The data was collected through surveys distributed online via google form and was analyzed using structural equation modeling – partial least square (SEM-PLS) in SmartPLS 3.0. The results show that the fear of COVID-19 has a positive impact on the travel anxiety, but not on the risk attitude; the travel anxiety has a positive impact on both the risk attitude and travel intention; the risk attitude has a positive impact on the travel intention, but the fear of COVID-19 does not. The travel anxiety has a significant impact on the risk attitude and travel intention, while the travel anxiety has no significant impact on the risk attitude and travel intention. These findings suggest the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia need to evaluate and monitor the operation of tourism destinations, as well as continuing to disseminate information about safe travel during the new normal era. JEL: Z33, M31.

Introduction: The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and inmates’ the sense of loneliness.Method: The research was carried out using the diagnostic survey method. Two standardized research tools, adapted to Polish conditions, were used: the COVID-19 fear scale of D.K. Ahorsu et al. (Adaptation - A. Lewicka-Zelent, W. Czerski) and the Sense of Loneliness Scale de Jong Gierveld. (adaptation - P. Grygiel, G. Humenny, S. Rębisz, P. Świtaj, J. Sikorska). The group of respondents consisted of 429 people staying in six penitentiary units - 6 prisons and 2 pre-trial detention centers, randomly selected by the Central Board of the Prison Service.Results: The results of own research show that inmates do not feel a strong fear of Covid-19, and their sense of loneliness is of moderate intensity. The correlation between them is weak and positive. This means that as the fear of the coronavirus intensifies, the sense of loneliness increases in people imprisoned in solitary confinement.Implications: The obtained research results indicate the need to continue the research undertaken in a situation where sanitary restrictions related to minimizing the risk of falling ill with COVID-19 are reintroduced. Inmates should take additional measures to prevent negative consequences resulting from the high level of fear of COVID-19 and inmates’ the sense of loneliness. It is not even about wide-ranging impacts, but rather targeted at individual people who experience increased fear of the coronavirus and loneliness, despite being with other inmates in prison. It means the necessity to make a detailed diagnosis in this regard among persons deprived of liberty.

Amaç : Bu araştırmanın amacı, cerrahi kliniklerde çalışan hemşirelerin aşılanma durumlarının Covid-19 ve ölüm korkusuna etkisini incelemekti. Yöntemler : Tanımlayıcı türdeki bu çalışma, Nisan 2021-Kasım 2021 tarihleri arasında Erzurum ilinde bir üniversite araştırma hastanesi ve bir bölge eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin cerrahi kliniklerinde görev yapan 110 hemşire ile gerçekleştirildi. Verilerin toplanmasında “Sağlık Çalışanı Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu”, “Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği” ve “Tanatofobi Ölçeği” ile toplandı. Bulgular : Aşı olan hemşirelerin Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği puan ortalamaları 17,90 ± 6,102, aşı olmayan hemşirelerin 17,24 ± 6,13 olarak bulundu. Aşı olan hemşirelerin Tanatofobi Ölçeği puan ortalamaları 16,88 ± 5,10, aşı olmayan hemşirelerin 16,84 ± 4,28 olduğu belirlendi. Hemşirelerin aşılanma durumları ile Covid-19 korkusu ve Tanatofobi ölçeklerinden aldıkları puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık oluşturacak bir fark olmadığı saptandı (P>0,05). Aşı olmayan hemşirelerin Tanatofobi Ölçeği ile Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönde ileri derecede anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlendi (P

Abstract Background Living under siege and deteriorated health, social, educational, and economic conditions and isolation with scarce opportunities to fulfil basic needs and aspirations affect the civil population's mental health and perceived quality of life. In this cross-sectional investigation, we explored the consequences of mental distress, fear of COVID-19, and social support for QoL in the Gaza strip. Methods Nine hundred seventy nine (32.9% males; 67.1% females; mean age was 35.2 years; s.d. = 11.4) adults were recruited in the Gaza strip. We used the Fear for COVID-19 scale (FCS-19), The WHOQOL-BREF Scale, Berlin Social Support Scale (BSSS), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Pearson correlation coefficient was computed to assess relationships between quality of life, fear of COVID19, mental distress, and social support; a hierarchical regression analysis was used to assess the association between QoL as the dependent variable and demographic variables and fear of COVID19, mental health, and social support as the independent variables. Results QoL was positively associated with perceived emotion, instrumental, and support seeking. Depression, anxiety, stress, and fear of COVID19 were negatively associated with quality of life. Gender was significantly associated with lower QoL. The study highlighted that the level of fear of COVID-19 was negatively influencing individuals' quality of life (QoL). This fear was negatively associated to psychological distress, gender, place of residence, and family type. Lower-educated and poorer participants had lower QoL scores. Conversely, female gender was notably linked to a lower QOL. The hierarchical regression confirmed that COVID-19 was an added burden for the Palestinian population. The fear of COVID-19 term added a 6.2% variance in QoL. In the final analysis, all predictors were statistically significant, with the fear of COVID-19 term recording a higher contribution of 22.5%, followed by depression term with 21.5%, perceived emotional 18.5%, income at 15.4%, and perceived instruments at 14.8% towards QoL. Conclusions Practitioners and policymakers must consider the severe violation of human rights when developing psychosocial programs to intervene in the COVID-19 crisis.

Objective The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected the mental health of people all over the world. The distress tolerance of individuals may make them more resilient to negative emotions. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the mediating roles of hope and fear of COVID-19 in the relationship between gratitude and distress tolerance.Method This study was designed as STROBE cross-sectional reporting guidelines, and included 440 health science students enrolled in a public university in Turkey. Participants completed the Gratitude Questionnaire-6, Distress Tolerance Scale, Hope Scale, and Fear of COVID-19 scale.Results The direct link between gratitude and distress tolerance was not significant. Hope was positively associated with gratitude and distress tolerance, whereas fear of COVID-19 was negatively associated with gratitude, hope, and distress tolerance. Hope and fear of COVID-19 do not sequentially mediate the link between gratitude and distress tolerance.Conclusions The positive relationship between gratitude and distress tolerance was mediated only by hope. The findings of our study are important as they emphasise that individuals with high dispositional gratitude and hope may improve their distress tolerance abilities. For dispositional gratitude to improve the ability to tolerate distress, additional efforts to provide individuals with this ability may be necessary.