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The term VUCA-world emerged in the military in the early 1990s and then entered the vocabulary of modern management. Moreover, despite many contrary opinions, it is still relevant. The phenomenon describes a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment in which military logistics must operate to ensure sustainability, operability and survivability. A resilient military logistics organisation that can withstand disruptions is essential to the delivery of services. This means that disruptions have less impact on performance and can be quickly restored. Resilience is generated by two main factors, robustness and agility. Robustness created through anticipation and preparation, while agility can be strengthened through flexibility and transparency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 1276 and 1318, English magnates unsuccessfully attempted to establish a lordship in the Irish kingdom of Thomond, southwestern Ireland, by exploiting a dynastic feud dividing the then-ruling lineage, the Uí Bhriain. The conflict coincided with a series of extreme events that beset western Europe in the late 13th and early 14th centuries, such as the beginning of the Little Ice Age and the Great European Famine of 1315–1322. The goal of this work was to evaluate to the extent to which economic degradation at the turn of the 14th century affected the outcome of the war. The hypothesis that such degradation affected the war's outcome was tested using agent-based modeling, which involved the virtual reconstruction of Late Medieval Thomond to study past conditions by proxy. This article describes the historical research carried out to elaborate the conceptual model, the implementation of the model as a computer simulation, and the experiments carried out to virtually explore the Uí Bhriain Civil War. A quantitative analysis of the experimental results revealed some correlation between late 13th century economic degradation and the fortunes of belligerent factions in the wars of 1276–1318, although the effect was not sufficiently strong to have been a crucial factor in the outcome of the conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/purpose: The term Internet of Things (IoT) usually refers to the collective network of connected devices and the technology that facilitates communication between these devices and the cloud, as well as among these devices. The IoT concept is lately considered and applied as the appropriate in design of systems intended for distribution of data and information between heterogeneous devices with the aim to improve efficiency and effectiveness of business and decision making. The IoT enables energy and supply chain monitoring, production coordination, equipment performance optimization, transportation, public health, and improves workers' safety and health. In addition to smart devices, IoT technology also enables the connection of various sensors as a source of data on various physical phenomena, and, based on the information obtained, it is possible to control the operation of devices, make predictions, make decisions, etc. In this paper, specific areas of the application of the IoT in the defense and security sector are analyzed in order to identify the possibilities of applying modern technologies in raising the defense potential of the state and define the directions of future research in the subject area. Methods: The methods of content analysis of current research were applied, and then, with the deductive method, conclusions were reached about the future directions of the development of IoT technology. Results: A detailed analysis of past and ongoing research in the defense and security sector was carried out, and potential directions of future research into the IoT were given in order to increase the operational capabilities of armed forces. Conclusion: IoT services will certainly contribute to a greater degree of automation and improvement of the quality of military decisions on the battlefield, especially in the conditions of unexpected scenarios in an unpredictable hostile environment, thus facilitating the reduction in both human and material losses in operations.

Over time, the evolution of societies has been influenced by the available resources, so it can be appreciated that all organizations, regardless of their type, are functionally dependent on their own logistics, especially on the capabilities of its main fields. From the perspective of carrying out military actions, both in peacetime and at war, logistics represents the bridge between the fighting forces and the necessary logistical support given to the structures of the National Security System, who will have at their disposal all the resources necessary to fulfill the objectives and missions. A very important field of military logistics is supply, representing the factor on which will depend the totality of the activities carried out for establishing the necessary making stocks, as well as carrying out procurement procedures for equipping and supporting the forces with technique, equipment, and material goods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar (RUHM) is the property of Centro de Estudios de la Guerra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article examines the impact of recent geopolitical, economic, and security changes on logistics support capabilities in EU and NATO member states. The study analyzes the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the armed conflict in Ukraine on logistics supply chains, considering environmental, social, and security concerns. The research questions focus on identifying the main changes and assessing their implications for commercial, military, and humanitarian logistics. The prolongation of the conflict in Ukraine and the economic sanctions imposed on Russia have been found to have a significant impact on logistics capabilities, perceptions of the structure of supply chains and the risks arising from this. The impact of these events is also producing third-country poverty and dehumanizing the UN SDG goals. On the other hand, improvements in NATO troop readiness and weaponry have been noted. The study highlights the need for further research to investigate specific threats for different types of supply chains and to consider the complex and evolving nature of the issue. Ultimately, this research provides insights into the challenges and opportunities facing logistics capabilities in the context of ongoing geopolitical and environmental changes.

The Ottoman Empire established administrative units with varying degrees of autonomy, primarily in the eastern regions of Anatolia and the Iranian border, as well as in North Africa, the Balkans, and the southern part of Anatolia (Adana, Kilis). In these regions, the Ottoman Empire implemented classical, "yurtluk-ocaklık", and "hükumet" sanjak systems. From the early 16th century to the first half of the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire maintained its relationship with local rulers through the application of the "yurtluk-ocaklık" and hükumet systems, despite occasional challenges. Especially in border regions, the Ottoman Empire attempted to control the area by establishing these systems. Thus, these privileged administrative units served as buffer zones, fulfilling the role of maintaining Ottoman dominance in the region with the support of these buffer administrative units. The privileged administrative units that emerged as a result of the collaboration between Yavuz Sultan Selim and Kurdish lords, particularly under the guidance of Idris-i Bitlisi, continued until the implementation of the Tanzimat reforms. The Mahmudi sanjak, governed by the hükumet system on the Ottoman-Iran border, played historically significant roles. It supported the defense of the Ottoman-Iran border and provided logistical support to the central Ottoman army in wars between the two states. However, as the central government's power weakened in the 18th century, disagreements increased between the role of Mahmudis and the state. Additionally, it is observed that Mahmudi lords were occasionally in conflict with each other and with the local population. In this context, the study primarily focuses on three important topics. Firstly, it aims to reveal the role of Mahmudis, who were Kurdish lords, on the Ottoman-Iran border. Secondly, it investigates the fundamental reasons behind the occasional conflicts among Mahmudi Kurdish lords during this period. Lastly, the study examines the impact of imperial central and especially local administrators (governors, sanjak beys) in the disputes and conflicts among Mahmudi lords and explores the central government's practices for resolving these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most powerful ancient navies included a type of ship that conveyed cavalry known as hippagogos – a master weapon of all sea powers – to carry out their expeditions overseas. Ancient thalassocracies understood that their dominion depended not only on fighting ships. Cavalry was necessary for victory on land and was thus a necessary component of their maritime strategy. Control of Mediterranean waters necessitated the construction of horse-carriers that provided much needed auxiliary support to the fleet. Although a naval force might include only a few of these vessels, their role was essential, and for this reason they were part of every significant fleet. Only sea powers with large resources and advanced nautical skills could commission horse-transports, which were old warships that had been transformed. This investigation traces the evolution in the use of vessels conveying cavalry from Persian expeditions in the Aegean to the Battle of Actium. The study considers the literary and epigraphic sources evidencing them in order to emphasize their continued importance for the evolution of naval warfare throughout antiquity. Athenian horse-carriers are the best documented examples and are considered the most extensively, even though many other powers used these kinds of vessels. At the peak of their maritime empire, the Athenian employed horse-carriers on multiple occasions against their enemies. The city-state was renowned for them to the extent that Aristophanes dedicated a comedic episode to them in his play Knights, which indicates the great interest of elites in these vessels. The article also reassesses the role of the cavalrymen who played pivotal roles in the expeditions of all maritime empires in antiquity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses the challenge of accurately forecasting demand for maintenance-related spare parts of the K-X tank, influenced by high uncertainty and external factors. Deep learning models with RobustScaler demonstrate significant improvements, achieving an accuracy of 86.90% compared to previous methods. RobustScaler outperforms other scaling models, enhancing machine learning performance across time series and data mining. By collecting eight years' worth of demand data and utilising various consumption data items, this study develops accurate forecasting models that contribute to the advancement of spare parts demand forecasting. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach, showcasing its superiority in accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score. RobustScaler particularly excels in time series analysis, further emphasizing its potential for enhancing machine learning performance on diverse datasets. This study provides innovative techniques and insights, demonstrating the effectiveness of deep learning and data scaling methodologies in improving forecasting accuracy for maintenance spare parts demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Military Technical Courier / Vojnotehnicki Glasnik is the property of Military Technical Courier / Vojnotehnicki Glasnik and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper discussion the issue of improving the performance of managing the military medical supply chain to fully achieve its main goal, to ensure mission readiness of the military forces. The concept of supply chain management is adopted by the military logistics as a modern approach better at solving the complexities of the logistic activities in the current period. The research method was quantitative. Hypotheses were formulated regarding the correlations between three major types of medical supply chain, specific types of needs influencing the improvement of the performance of the medical supply chain and the efficiency of the management of the supply networks for medical products. Results are discussed, conclusions and recommendations are presented.

In recent years, unitized logistics is developing rapidly. As a core instrument, standardized pallet is gradually implemented in military logistics and commercial logistics. This paper expounds the concepts of unitized military logistics system and analyses the key elements. Then it summarizes three fundamental conditions to guarantee the system working fluently and three key problems, basing on the actual situation, about the work efficiency in support operation. Moreover, it analyzes the process of support pattern on three levels, from ‘supplier’, ‘battle warehouse, reserving and supplying base’ and ‘demand forces’ in this system. Finally, this paper analyzes the value from three angles, ‘military’, ‘economy’ and ‘society’, of this system.

A commonly held view amongst strategists is that strategy leads logistics, and that military logistics, which is the science of sustainment and replenishment, is generally subordinate. The authors of this article contend that in fact the opposite is often true, that logistics frequently has primacy over strategy, and that it is the success or failure of logistics at lower levels of war which exerts the greater effect. The authors illustrate their arguments on this nexus between logistics and strategy, with examples from the current Russo-Ukrainian conflict highlighting how Russian logistic failures have contributed to failure of the strategic plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of warfare in Belarusian Podvine (Polack and Viciebsk Voivodeships along with the Braslaŭ district) throughout the Livonian Wars has garnered considerable scholarly attention. However, several pivotal aspects have not been explicated, including the objectives behind various war campaigns and the efficacy of strategies employed by the adversaries -- the Tsardom of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569). A thorough analysis of military logistics, with its focal points being transportation routes and fortifications, is essential for a comprehensive insight into these issues. The assessment of military potential associated with Lithuanian and Muscovite castles is most effectively executed through an in-depth analysis of their arsenals and garrisons. Evidently, the supply of weaponry indicated that Vilnius anticipated an intense struggle for control over the Daugava River, which was significant for dominance in Livonia. The Polack campaign led by Ivan the Terrible during the winter of 1562/1563 should be evaluated as a rational, yet daring manoeuvre. This endeavour instigated the construction of a robust network of fortresses in the occupied territories, the upkeep of which proved very expensive, and the lack of waterways further exacerbated the problem. Conversely, the Lithuanians adeptly devised a defensive framework on the left bank of the Daugava River, and successfully thwarted efforts to block Viciebsk -- a city that maintained control over river transportation. The skilful utilisation of roads and watercourses within Podvine emerged as a pivotal factor contributing to the triumphs of Stephen Batory's military campaigns from 1579 to 1582. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One aspect of the total defence concept involves the temporary requisition of civilian transportation vehicles to meet the increased logistical demands of a wartime army. These vehicles are selected and managed in peacetime, mobilised at the onset of the war, used by military units throughout the war, and returned to their original owners afterwards. This paper presents a model for the reception process of such civilian vehicles during mobilisation. In practice, however, reception processes are not without challenges. Under the time constraints of mobilisation, issues may arise, including inappropriate reception, missed deadlines, and compromised operational readiness. To investigate these issues, the study employs conceptual modelling, supplemented by insights from professional experience. The main contributions of this paper include a conceptual model of the mobilisation process, a framework for maintaining records of mobilised assets, and a focus on previously underexplored mobilisation issues. Proper reception of mobilised vehicles significantly affects the transportation capability and operational readiness of military units as well as the accuracy of the post-conflict return process. Implementation of the proposed solutions requires careful consideration due to interdependencies with other aspects of the mobilisation process, such as doctrinal arrangements, administrative systems, mobilisation procedures as well as the quality and regularity of both professional and reservist military training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This study aims to examine ship loading strategies during large-scale military deployments. Ships are usually loaded to a stowage goal of about 65% of the ship's capacity. The authors identify how much cargo to load onto ships for each sailing and propose lower stowage goals that could improve the delivery of forces during the deployment. Design/methodology/approach – The authors construct several mixed integer programs to identify optimal ship loading strategies that minimize delivery timelines for notional, but realistic, problem variables. The authors study the relative importance of these variables using experimental designs, regressions, correlations and chi-square tests of the empirical results. Findings – The research specifies the conditions during which ships should be light loaded, i.e. loaded to less than 65% of total capacity. Empirical results show cargo delivered up to 16% faster with a light-loaded strategy compared to fully loaded ships. Research limitations/implications – This work assumes deterministic sailing times and ship loading times. Also, all timing aspects of the problem are estimated to the nearest natural number of days. Practical implications – This research provides important new insights about optimal ship loading strategies, which were not previously quantified. More importantly, logistics planners could use these insights to reduce sealift delivery timelines during military deployments. Originality/value – Most ship routing and scheduling problems minimize costs as the primary goal. This research identifies the situations in which ships transporting military forces should be light loaded, thereby trading efficiency for effectiveness, to enable faster overall delivery of unit equipment to theater seaports.

This article deals with the influence of military logistics on the environment in the districts of the Czech Republic. There were ten military districts on the territory of the Czech Republic, i.e., areas that served exclusively the needs of the defenseof the state. Currently, six of them areabolished. Other military districts, on the other hand, are still active - these are the areas of Boletice, Březina, HradištěandLibavá. Using the example of Boletice, this article shows the positive and negative effects on the environment and also considers some social and ethical questions from the perspective of the social aspect of ethics, in relation to social needs and environmentalism. In its discussion, this thesis also reflects on the need for social dialogue and environmental education of the population. Similar conditions as in Boletice, with preserved biodiversity and environment, also have other active districts. As a result, a number of protected areas and localities could be created within them. This work shows that, as a result of the past steps of the Czech policy, the districts are islands of biodiversity, and the negative effects of the training activities did not affect them to a greater extent, and that the civil workers of the districts and the residents who are adjacent to them, thanks to environmental education, have voluntarily adopted an ethical and social consensus and accepted some of the limitations that life in this place brings.

Mobility of military vehicles is a key element of military transport and it guarantees safety of the logistic system of the Armed Forces. The aim of this article is to compare medium-load and high-mobility means of transport belonging to the Polish Armed Forces and to identify the vehicle with the best parameters. The Analytic Hierarchy Process method was used for this, and this paper approximates its assumptions and process. Seven vehicles currently in use by the Polish Armed Forces were compared. As a result of the analysis, a hierarchy of the studied vehicles was established, ranking them from the highest to the lowest rated. The paper allows to assess whether the currently purchased Jelcz 442.32 is a good choice in the procuring policy of the Polish army. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Military logistics has been present from the moment a soldier was created, and its evolution has been influenced by the technology used. Indeed, it has been observed over time that every military revolution was intrinsically caused by a military logistics revolution, directly promoted by the technology applied to the manner of making war. Few papers have been written about military logistics in relation to the development of war itself. Its application was conceptualized in two dimensions: as an art and as a science, interdependent on decision-making. With the evolution of human beings, the way of making war also evolved and therefore a transformation was generated. This makes it necessary to deepen the application of mathematical modeling, statistics, and new technologies in military logistics, promoting the application of concepts based on technology to improve the effectiveness of armies. The aim of this paper is to review the evolution of military logistics. Methods: A systematic approach to the literature review is followed. The backgrounds of the military logistics thought, key authors, trends and a new definition of military logistics is presented, among others. Results: The findings allow us to identify a set of 21 definitions of military logistics since 1792. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the Taiwan Strait war crisis of global concern, this research proposed a conceptual model of RFID adoption based on the TOE framework to explore related factors of intention to use RFID by conducting a quantitative analysis of the ROC's military administration and logistic officers. Based on the results of this study, policymakers must understand the factors of Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE) and Information Security (IS) should be given priority, followed by Government Support (GS) and Top Management Support (TMS). These can affect the opinions of the chief executive, rallying their support, thereby effectively promoting new technology policies for ROC's military strategy, thus enhancing combat capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Engineer Military Bulletin / Muszaki Katonai Közlöny is the property of National University of Public Service and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Command Control & Simulation / Zhihui Kongzhi yu Fangzhen is the property of Command Control & Simulation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)