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Abstract The primary objective of this study was to compare short-term outcomes between Intracorporeal ileocolic anastomosis (IIA) and extracorporeal ileocolic anastomosis (EIA) after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy in patients with visceral obesity. The secondary objective was to identify risk factors associated with prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. This single-center retrospective study analyzed visceral obesity patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for primary bowel cancer between January 2020 and June 2023. Patients were categorized into IIA and EIA groups based on the type of anastomosis, and a 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis was performed. A total of 129 patients were initially included in this study, with 45 patients in each group following propensity score matching. The IIA group had significantly longer anastomosis times (p

Purpose: Despite the increasing preference for minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC), the incidence of prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) remains high. Thus, this study aimed to identify risk factors for PPOI in patients with CRC who underwent minimally invasive surgery (MICRS) and to develop a practical nomogram for predicting individual PPOI risk. Methods: A consecutive series of 2368 patients who underwent MICRS between 2013 and 2023 at two tertiary academic centers were retrospectively studied. Using the data from 1895 patients in the training cohort, a multivariable logistic regression model was employed to select significant variables for the construction of a best-fit nomogram. The nomogram was internally and externally validated. Results: PPOI occurred in 9.5% of patients. Six independent risk factors were identified to construct a nomogram: advanced age (OR 1.055, P = 0.002), male sex (OR 2.914, P = 0.011), age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 6 (OR 2.643, P = 0.025), preoperative sarcopenia (OR 0.857, P = 0.02), preoperative prognostic nutritional index (OR 2.206, P = 0.047), and intraoperative fluid overload (OR 2.227, P = 0.045). The AUCs of the model for predicting PPOI in the training and external validation cohorts were 0.887 and 0.838, respectively. The calibration curves demonstrated excellent consistency between the nomogram-predicted and observed probabilities in both cohorts. Individuals with a total nomogram score of < 197 or ≥ 197 were considered to be at low or high risk for PPOI, respectively. Conclusions: The integrated nomogram we developed could provide personalized risk prediction of PPOI after MICRS. This quantification enables surgeons to implement personalized prevention strategies, thereby improving patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this study was to compare short-term outcomes between Intracorporeal ileocolic anastomosis (IIA) and extracorporeal ileocolic anastomosis (EIA) after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy in patients with visceral obesity. The secondary objective was to identify risk factors associated with prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. This single-center retrospective study analyzed visceral obesity patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for primary bowel cancer between January 2020 and June 2023. Patients were categorized into IIA and EIA groups based on the type of anastomosis, and a 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis was performed. A total of 129 patients were initially included in this study, with 45 patients in each group following propensity score matching. The IIA group had significantly longer anastomosis times (p < 0.001), shorter incision length (p < 0.001), and shorter length of stay (p = 0.003) than the EIA group. Meanwhile, the IIA group showed a shorter time to first flatus (p = 0.044) and quicker tolerance of a solid diet (p = 0.030). On multivariate analysis, postoperative use of opioid analgesics is an independent risk factor for PPOI (OR: 3.590 95% CI 1.033–12.477, p = 0.044), while IIA is an independent protective factor (OR: 0.195 95% CI 0.045–0.843, p = 0.029). IIA remains a safe and feasible option for visceral obesity patients. It is also associated with a quicker recovery of bowel function and shorter length of stay when compared to EIA. Additionally, IIA is an independent protective factor for PPOI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background To determine whether frailty can predict prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) in older abdominal surgical patients; and to compare predictive ability of the FRAIL scale, the five-point modified frailty index (mFI-5) and Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI) for PPOI. Methods Patients (aged ≥ 65 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery at our institution between April 2022 to January 2023 were prospectively enrolled. Frailty was evaluated with FRAIL, mFI-5 and GFI before operation. Data on demographics, comorbidities, perioperative management, postoperative recovery of bowel function and PPOI occurrence were collected. Results The incidence of frailty assessed with FRAIL, mFI-5 and GFI was 18.2%, 38.4% and 32.5% in a total of 203 patients, respectively. Ninety-five (46.8%) patients experienced PPOI. Time to first soft diet intake was longer in patients with frailty assessed by the three scales than that in patients without frailty. Frailty diagnosed by mFI-5 [Odds ratio (OR) 3.230, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.572–6.638, P = 0.001] or GFI (OR 2.627, 95% CI 1.307–5.281, P = 0.007) was related to a higher risk of PPOI. Both mFI-5 [Area under curve (AUC) 0.653, 95% CI 0.577–0.730] and GFI (OR 2.627, 95% CI 1.307–5.281, P = 0.007) had insufficient accuracy for the prediction of PPOI in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Conclusions Elderly patients diagnosed as frail on the mFI-5 or GFI are at an increased risk of PPOI after major abdominal surgery. However, neither mFI-5 nor GFI can accurately identify individuals who will develop PPOI. Trial registration This study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2200058178). The date of first registration, 31/03/2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/ .

Abstract Background Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a common complication after colorectal surgery that increases patient discomfort, hospital stay, and financial burden. However, predictive tools to assess the risk of PPOI in patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection have not been developed. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop a nomogram to predict PPOI after laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Methods A total of 548 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection for mid­low rectal cancer at a single tertiary medical center were retrospectively enrolled between January 2019 and January 2023. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze potential predictors of PPOI. The nomogram was constructed using the filtered variables and internally verified by bootstrap resampling. Model performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve, and the clinical usefulness was evaluated by the decision curve. Results Among 548 consecutive patients, 72 patients (13.1%) presented with PPOI. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that advantage age, hypoalbuminemia, high surgical difficulty, and postoperative use of opioid analgesic were independent prognostic factors for PPOI. These variables were used to construct the nomogram model to predict PPOI. Internal validation, conducted through bootstrap resampling, confirmed the great discrimination of the nomogram with an area under the curve of 0.738 (95%CI 0.736–0.741). Conclusions We created a novel nomogram for predicting PPOI after laparoscopic low anterior resection. This nomogram can assist surgeons in identifying patients at a heightened risk of PPOI.

Background: Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a common complication after colorectal surgery that increases patient discomfort, hospital stay, and financial burden. However, predictive tools to assess the risk of PPOI in patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection have not been developed. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop a nomogram to predict PPOI after laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Methods: A total of 548 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection for mid-low rectal cancer at a single tertiary medical center were retrospectively enrolled between January 2019 and January 2023. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze potential predictors of PPOI. The nomogram was constructed using the filtered variables and internally verified by bootstrap resampling. Model performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve, and the clinical usefulness was evaluated by the decision curve. Results: Among 548 consecutive patients, 72 patients (13.1%) presented with PPOI. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that advantage age, hypoalbuminemia, high surgical difficulty, and postoperative use of opioid analgesic were independent prognostic factors for PPOI. These variables were used to construct the nomogram model to predict PPOI. Internal validation, conducted through bootstrap resampling, confirmed the great discrimination of the nomogram with an area under the curve of 0.738 (95%CI 0.736–0.741). Conclusions: We created a novel nomogram for predicting PPOI after laparoscopic low anterior resection. This nomogram can assist surgeons in identifying patients at a heightened risk of PPOI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a major complication in patients undergoing colorectal resection. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors contributing to PPOI, and to develop an effective nomogram to determine the risks of this population. Methods A total of 1,254 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical colorectal resection at Fujian Cancer Hospital from March 2016 to August 2021 were enrolled as a training cohort in this study. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to determine the correlation between PPOI and clinicopathological characteristics. A nomogram predicting the incidence of PPOI was constructed. The cohort of 153 patients from Fujian Provincial Hospital were enrolled as a validation cohort. Internal and external validations were used to evaluate the prediction ability by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and a calibration plot. Results In the training cohort, 128 patients (10.2%) had PPOI after colorectal resection. The independent predictive factors of PPOI were identified, and included gender, age, surgical approach and intraoperative fluid overload. The AUC of nomogram were 0.779 (95% CI: 0.736–0.822) and 0.791 (95%CI: 0.677–0.905) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. The two cohorts of calibration plots showed a good consistency between nomogram prediction and actual observation. Conclusions A highly accurate nomogram was developed and validated in this study, which can be used to provide individual prediction of PPOI in patients after colorectal resection, and this predictive power can potentially assist surgeons to make the optimal treatment decisions.

Abstract Background There were differences in the recovery of bowel function and prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) between laparoscopic right colectomy (RC) and left colectomy (LC) under the guidance of enhanced recovery after surgery. Methods We selected 870 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic colectomy from June 2016 to December 2021, including 272 patients who had RC and 598 who had LC. According to 1:1 proportion for propensity score matching and correlation analysis, 247 patients who had RC and 247 who had LC were finally enrolled. Results The incidence of PPOI in all patients was 13.1%. Age, sex, smoking habit, preoperative serum albumin level, operation type, and operation time were the important independent risk factors based on multivariate logistic regression and correlation analysis for PPOI (p0.05). The incidence of PPOI in patients who had RC was 21.9%, while that in patients who had LC was 13.0%. The first flatus, first semi-liquid, and length of stay in LC patients were lower than those in RC patients (p

Background Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is one of the most common complications following colorectal surgeries, which leads to increased postoperative morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. Aim The aim of this study was to examine preoperative correlates of PPOI among patients undergoing colorectal surgeries. Design A descriptive correlational research design was used in this study. Setting The study was conducted at selected General and Emergency Surgery Departments of Kasr El Eini Hospital affiliated to Cairo University hospitals. Sample A convenient sample of 60 adult male and female patients was recruited to answer the research question. Results The main study findings revealed that the incidence of PPOI occurred in 66.7% of patients. A statistically significant correlation was found between PPOI occurrence and surgical approach (laparotomy, 87%,and colectomy, 65%), duration of preoperative intravenous fluid administration (87.5%), preoperative antibiotics (55%), low hemoglobin and hematocrit level (72.5%), preoperative prolonged duration of fasting for liquids more than 24h (57.5%), and lack of preoperative teaching about recovery plan for most of the study participants. Conclusion Preoperative correlates of PPOI according to the current study findings are the laparotomy surgical approach, the colectomy procedure, duration of intravenous fluids administration, low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, prolonged fasting for liquids, and lack of teaching about preoperative recovery plan. Recommendations Further research studies are required to determine the best practice for prevention and reduction of PPOI incidence. Comprehensive education programs for health team members and the patients regarding the guidlines of caring for colorectal surgery within the context of enhanced recovery after surgery programare required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a major complication in patients undergoing colorectal resection. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors contributing to PPOI, and to develop an effective nomogram to determine the risks of this population. Methods: A total of 1,254 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical colorectal resection at Fujian Cancer Hospital from March 2016 to August 2021 were enrolled as a training cohort in this study. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to determine the correlation between PPOI and clinicopathological characteristics. A nomogram predicting the incidence of PPOI was constructed. The cohort of 153 patients from Fujian Provincial Hospital were enrolled as a validation cohort. Internal and external validations were used to evaluate the prediction ability by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and a calibration plot. Results: In the training cohort, 128 patients (10.2%) had PPOI after colorectal resection. The independent predictive factors of PPOI were identified, and included gender, age, surgical approach and intraoperative fluid overload. The AUC of nomogram were 0.779 (95% CI: 0.736–0.822) and 0.791 (95%CI: 0.677–0.905) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. The two cohorts of calibration plots showed a good consistency between nomogram prediction and actual observation. Conclusions: A highly accurate nomogram was developed and validated in this study, which can be used to provide individual prediction of PPOI in patients after colorectal resection, and this predictive power can potentially assist surgeons to make the optimal treatment decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The cause of prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is multifactorial. The influence of preoperative factors on PPOI has been well documented, but little is known about the impact of intraoperative conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of intraoperative factors on PPOI in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Methods: The LekCheck study database of the Colorectal Unit at the Royal Adelaide Hospital was analysed. Per patient, over 60 data points were prospectively collected between March 2018 and July 2020. Intraoperative data were collected in theatre during a one‐off snapshot measure. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Data of 336 patients were included. The median age was 66 years and 58.3% were male. Ninety‐three patients (27.7%) developed PPOI. Univariate analysis identified the following intraoperative variables as risk‐factors of PPOI: greater volumes of intraoperative IV fluid administration (464 versus 415 mL/h for those without PPOI; p = 0.04), side‐to‐side anastomosis orientation (53.8 versus 41.2%; p = 0.04) and increased perioperative opioid use (6.73 versus 4.11 mg/kg morphine equivalents for patients with and without PPOI, respectively; p = 0.02). Upon multivariable analysis, increased perioperative opioid use remained significant (p = 0.05), as well as the preoperative factors anticoagulation use (p = 0.04) and higher levels of serum total protein (p = 0.02). Conclusion: This study suggests that intraoperative factors may also contribute to the development of PPOI, but this could not be confirmed in the multivariate analysis. Further studies including larger patient numbers will be required to determine the impact of intraoperative conditions on the development of PPOI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the rate of prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) and its predictive factors focusing on age, body mass index, smoking status, postoperative mobilization, and preoperative anxiety and depression among patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included patients who underwent elective major gastrointestinal surgery in a super tertiary hospital in Thailand. The data were collected using a uniform case record form including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. PPOI was defined using criteria of Vather et al. (2013). Predictive factors for PPOI were determined by multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 123 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 59.8 ± 12.7 years. The most common indication for surgery was gastrointestinal malignancy (96 patients, 78%), followed by an open approach (75 patients, 61%) and a combined general and epidural anesthesia (58 patients, 47%). Approximately 30% of patients had a history of smoking. Preoperative anxiety and depression were equally found in nine patients (7%). Twenty-seven patients (22%) experienced PPOI. The significant predictive factors of PPOI were having preoperative anxiety (OR = 6.26, 95% CI = 1.22-44.41, p = 0.046) and being unable to ambulate on postoperative day 1 (OR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.25-8.50, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Preoperative anxiety and delayed postoperative ambulation were two predictors for PPOI in this study. Some interventions to reduce preoperative anxiety and encourage early postoperative ambulation should be considered in patients undergoing major elective gastrointestinal surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the rate of prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) and its predictive factors focusing on age, body mass index, smoking status, postoperative mobilization, and preoperative anxiety and depression among patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included patients who underwent elective major gastrointestinal surgery in a super tertiary hospital in Thailand. The data were collected using a uniform case record form including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. PPOI was defined using criteria of Vather et al. (2013). Predictive factors for PPOI were determined by multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 123 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 59.8 ± 12.7 years. The most common indication for surgery was gastrointestinal malignancy (96 patients, 78%), followed by an open approach (75 patients, 61%) and a combined general and epidural anesthesia (58 patients, 47%). Approximately 30% of patients had a history of smoking. Preoperative anxiety and depression were equally found in nine patients (7%). Twenty-seven patients (22%) experienced PPOI. The significant predictive factors of PPOI were having preoperative anxiety (OR = 6.26, 95% CI = 1.22–44.41, p = 0.046) and being unable to ambulate on postoperative day 1 (OR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.25–8.50, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Preoperative anxiety and delayed postoperative ambulation were two predictors for PPOI in this study. Some interventions to reduce preoperative anxiety and encourage early postoperative ambulation should be considered in patients undergoing major elective gastrointestinal surgery.

Purpose: We aim to identify the risk factors of PPOI in patients with CD and create a nomogram for prediction of PPOI for CD. Methods: Data on 462 patients who underwent partial intestinal resection for CD in Jin-ling Hospital between January 2019 and June 2021 were retrospectively collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the risk factors for PPOI and we used the risk factors to create a nomogram. Then we used the Bootstrap-Concordance index and calibration diagrams to evaluate the performance of the Nomogram. Decision curve analysis was performed to evaluate clinical practicability of the model. Results: The incidence of PPOI was 27.7% (n of N). Course of CD ≥ 10 years, operation time ≥ 154 min, the lowest mean arterial pressure ≤ 76.2 mmHg, in–out balance per body weight ≥ 22.90 ml/kg, post-op day 1 infusion ≥ 2847 ml, post-op lowest K+ ≤ 3.75 mmol/L, and post-op day 1 procalcitonin ≥ 2.445 ng/ml were identified as the independent risk factors of PPOI in patients with CD. The nomogram we created by these risk factors presented with good discriminative ability (concordance index 0.723) and was moderately calibrated (bootstrapped concordance index 0.704). The results of decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram was clinically effective within probability thresholds in the 8 to 66% range. Conclusion: The nomogram we developed is helpful to evaluate the risk of developing PPOI after partial intestinal resection for CD. Clinicians can take more necessary measures to prevent PPOI in CD's patients or at least minimize the incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There were differences in the recovery of bowel function and prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) between laparoscopic right colectomy (RC) and left colectomy (LC) under the guidance of enhanced recovery after surgery. Methods: We selected 870 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic colectomy from June 2016 to December 2021, including 272 patients who had RC and 598 who had LC. According to 1:1 proportion for propensity score matching and correlation analysis, 247 patients who had RC and 247 who had LC were finally enrolled. Results: The incidence of PPOI in all patients was 13.1%. Age, sex, smoking habit, preoperative serum albumin level, operation type, and operation time were the important independent risk factors based on multivariate logistic regression and correlation analysis for PPOI (p<0.05). Age, sex, body mass index, preoperative serum albumin level, operation time, and degree of differentiation between the two groups were significantly different before case matching (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics and preoperative biochemical parameters between the two groups after case matching (p>0.05). The incidence of PPOI in patients who had RC was 21.9%, while that in patients who had LC was 13.0%. The first flatus, first semi-liquid, and length of stay in LC patients were lower than those in RC patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: The return of bowel function in LC was faster than that in RC, and the incidence of PPOI was relatively lower. Therefore, caution should be taken during the early feeding of patients who had laparoscopic RC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is common after bowel resections, especially in Crohn's disease (CD). The pathophysiology of PPOI is not fully understood. PPOI could affect only the upper or lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors for diverse types of PPOI, particularly to differentiate PPOI of upper and lower GI tract. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 163 patients with CD undergoing ileocecal resection from 2015 to 2020 in a single center was performed. PPOI of the upper GI tract was predefined as the presence of vomiting or use of nasogastric tube longer than the third postoperative day. Lower PPOI was predefined as the absence of defecation for more than three days. Independent risk factors were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Overall incidence of PPOI was 42.7%. PPOI of the upper GI tract was observed in 30.7% and lower PPOI in 20.9% of patients. Independent risk factors for upper PPOI included older age, surgery by a resident surgeon, hand-sewn anastomosis, prolonged opioid analgesia, and reoperation, while for lower PPOI included BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, preoperative anemia, and absence of ileostomy. Conclusion: This study identified different risk factors for upper and lower PPOI after ileocecal resection in patients with CD. A differentiated upper/lower type approach should be considered in future research and clinical practice. High-risk patients for each type of PPOI should be closely monitored, and modifiable risk factors, such as preoperative anemia and opioids, should be avoided if possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Recent evidence favours a move away from delaying postoperative nutrition towards early feeding practices for better patient outcomes after gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of the present study was to investigate postoperative diet progression and patient outcomes in a secondary hospital with a view to inform future practice. Methods: This was a retrospective study of gastrointestinal surgery patients (n = 69) at a Western Australian general hospital. Demographic data and outcomes were collected from patient records and included presence or absence of prolonged postoperative ileus, length of stay in hospital, days on minimal nutrition and days until first flatus or stool. Results: A significant positive association was observed between number of days a patient remained on minimal nutrition and length of stay in the overall group (r = 0.66, P < 0.01). Patients who developed prolonged postoperative ileus (n = 18, 26%) had a greater number of days on minimal nutrition (20.0 vs 8.0 days, P < 0.01), longer stay in hospital (15.0 vs 8.0 days, P < 0.01) and increased number of days to first flatus or stool (4.0 vs 2.4 days, P < 0.01) compared with those who did not develop prolonged postoperative ileus (n = 51, 74%). Conclusions: This retrospective study of current practice in a secondary‐care general hospital highlights the gap between traditional care and the improved outcomes reported in the literature when early feeding practices are adopted after GI surgery. Further investigation of barriers and enablers is necessary to provide insight into developing the most appropriate strategy to achieve this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a common complication after colorectal resection but data regarding PPOI risk factors after laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery is lacking. This study aimed to identify risk factors for PPOI after laparoscopic sphincter-saving total mesorectal excision (TME) for cancer.Methods: All patients who underwent a laparoscopic sphincter-saving TME for cancer from 2005 to 2014 were identified from our prospective database. PPOI was defined as abdominal distension, nausea, and/or vomiting, requiring a nasogastric tube insertion, during the postoperative period.Results: Among 428 consecutive patients, 65 patients (15%) presented with POI. In multivariate analysis, male gender (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.3 [1.1-4.5]; p = 0.026, age >70 years (OR: 2.0 [1.1-4.0]; p = 0.037)], conversion to open approach (OR 4.9 [1.5-15.4]; p = 0.007), and intra-abdominal surgical site infection (OR 3.8 [1.9-7.5]; p < 0.001) were identified as independent risk factor for PPOI. PPOI risk was 5% in patients without any risk factor but raised to 11, 28, and 54% in patients with 1, 2, or ≥3 risk factors, respectively (p < 0.001).Conclusion: PPOI is observed in 15% of the patients after laparoscopic sphincter-saving surgery for rectal cancer. We identified four independent factors for PPOI in multivariate analysis: male, gender, age >70, conversion to open approach, and intra-abdominal surgical site infection, leading to the construction of a simple and pragmatic predictive score. This score might help the surgeon to assess patient at risk of PPOI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) after colorectal surgery remains a leading cause of delayed postoperative recovery and prolonged hospital stay. Its exact incidence is unknown. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the definitions and incidence of PPOI previously described. Method MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (up to July 2014) were searched. Two authors independently reviewed citations using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results The search strategy yielded 3233 citations; 54 were eligible, comprising 18 983 patients. Twenty-six studies were prospective [17 of these being randomized controlled trials (RCTs)] and 28 were retrospective. Meta-analysis revealed an incidence of PPOI of 10.3% (95% CI 8.4-12.5) and 10.2% (95% CI 5.6-17.8) for non-RCTs and RCTs, respectively. Significant heterogeneity was observed for both non-RCTs and for RCTs. The used definition of PPOI, the type of surgery and access (laparoscopic, open) and the duration of surgery lead to significant variability of reported PPOI incidence between studies. The incidence of PPOI is lower after laparoscopic colonic resection. Conclusion There is a large variation in the reported incidence of PPOI. A uniform definition of PPOI is needed to allow meaningful inter-study comparisons and to evaluate strategies to prevent PPOI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Although the mortality associated with major hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery has continuously decreased during the last decades, the morbidity of these procedures remains high. Functional disturbances of normal gastrointestinal motility as well as inflammation and infections of surgically treated organs are frequent complications resulting in considerably prolonged lengths of stay in hospital and increased healthcare costs. This review article highlights the therapeutic approaches and recent developments in the treatment of delayed gastric emptying, prolonged postoperative ileus, postoperative cholangitis and pancreatitis after hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery. Current practice is discussed on the basis of recent results in basic and clinical research, review articles, meta-analyses and guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]