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La promulgación de la Ley Nacional 26.197, conocida como "Ley Corta", tuvo como finalidad responder a una demanda recurrente entre los actores provinciales en las provincias productoras de hidrocarburos. La ley convirtió a las administraciones provinciales en autoridad de aplicación y fiscalización de la actividad hidrocarburífera. Sin embargo, no logró revertir la tendencia decreciente en la producción, al menos en la Provincia de Santa Cruz. El objetivo de este informe es analizar el impacto de la Ley Corta y sus derivaciones en la provincia, evaluando indicadores económicos y las consecuencias de la reforma en el sector. El análisis incluye la revisión de hitos institucionales, como la creación del Instituto de Energía de Santa Cruz y la Ley Provincial 3.117, que regula la extensión de concesiones. También se examinan los volúmenes de hidrocarburos extraídos, la inversión realizada, los pozos perforados y otros indicadores económicos relevantes. Los resultados muestran que, aunque la reforma facilitó cambios institucionales y la transferencia del dominio, no logró detener la disminución de la producción. Sin embargo, se observó una mejora en las condiciones de inversión y un aumento en el porcentaje de regalías que deben pagar las operadoras. En conclusión, la implementación de la Ley Corta ha generado cambios en el marco regulatorio que benefician a la provincia, pero no han sido suficientes para revertir la tendencia declinante en la actividad. Se subraya la importancia de un análisis profesionalizado continuo y la necesidad de políticas que incentiven la inversión y promuevan el uso eficiente de los recursos.

La siguiente investigación tiene como fin la realización de un análisis exhaustivo de un conjunto de 7 proyectos de investigación que tienen como eje central la conservación del Patrimonio Cultural y el desarrollo turístico del noreste de Santa Cruz. Estos proyectos han sido llevados adelante por un equipo interdisciplinario perteneciente a la Unidad Académica de Caleta Olivia, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. El equipo de investigación desarrolla estudios desde el año 2000 y, a lo largo de 8 proyectos institucionales gestionados, procuran rescatar, recuperar y revalorizar el mundo rural, como parte del patrimonio cultural del noreste de Santa Cruz. Teniendo en cuenta el aspecto económico del turismo, dichos proyectos se vinculan con la gestión sustentable de la actividad sobre el medio ambiente social y el desarrollo local. A lo largo de esta investigación se lograron identificar cambios y continuidades vinculados a los objetivos planteados de los proyectos analizados y su efectiva realización, la producción académica y la continua incorporación de nuevos especialistas, así como las dificultades que se presentaron. Para el logro de los objetivos propuestos se determinó el uso de una metodología exploratoria, de indagación documental, bibliográfica y testimonial de los distintos proyectos. Estos análisis pretenden ser útiles para reflexionar y orientar las futuras líneas de trabajo, identificar y profundizar determinadas variables sobre la problemática de la conservación del Patrimonio Cultural de Santa Cruz, así como también generar reflexiones y propuestas en materia de puesta en valor patrimonial desde el turismo.

The subject of this research is the analysis of the impact that separatism in the department of Santa Cruz in Bolivia has on the destabilisation of this country, primarily through the study of two cases: the months-long rebellion of the rich and lowland eastern departments led by Santa Cruz against the central government in 2008 and the role played by separatist political forces from Santa Cruz in carrying out the coup d’état against Evo Morales in 2019. The research aims to validate the first hypothesis, which holds that Santa Cruz separatism is a historical category and that it causes social, political, and economic tensions between the western and eastern regions of Bolivia, which are geographically and culturally distinct from one another. The results of the research showed that separatism in the department of Santa Cruz is one of the key factors in the destabilisation of Bolivia because there are farright-oriented political parties and movements, as well as politicians and influential rich people who are strongly against the left-wing regime and who want to create an independent state on the soil of this department. The research’s conclusion highlights the historicalrivalry between Bolivia’s eastern and western parts while also emphasising the necessity of demystifying the superiority of the Santa Cruz identity over native identities and fostering dialogue to end it. We employed historical, case study, and comparative analytic methods during the research.

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The tribe Metiini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) is endemic to southern South America, in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, and in the high Andes of Peru and Bolivia. The tribe comprises five genera, being Metius Dejean the most diverse in species. The study of one of its species, Metius crassiusculus Putzeys, reveals that it is not cogeneric with the remaining of the genus, and presents some exclusive characters and combination of other characters not present in any of the other Metiini genera. Thus, the new genus Selknam is proposed to include it. Description and a key to the genera of Metiini are provided. Some aspects of the coastal habitat where S. crassiusculus was found are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los coprolitos, heces mineralizadas o deshidratadas, brindan evidencias que contribuyen a la reconstrucción de los ambientes del pasado. En nuestro grupo de investigación, hace unos años iniciamos el análisis de coprolitos mediante la exploración de diversos elementos contenidos en su interior, como polen, fragmentos vegetales y silicofitolitos. Asimismo, comenzamos a desarrollar y evaluar distintas estrategias metodológicas para maximizar la recuperación de estos elementos. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una revisión de distintos casos de estudio realizados por los autores, enfocados en el análisis multiproxy de coprolitos de herbívoros y omnívoros hallados en sitios arqueológicos del noroeste de Santa Cruz, Argentina. Esta revisión muestra que este abordaje permite alcanzar niveles de resolución taxonómica más precisos que cuando se analiza un solo proxy. Asimismo, destaca la importancia de la generación de modelos actualísticos para la interpretación de los hallazgos en coprolitos. En los coprolitos estudiados con una buena preservación de los proxies, se observó la predominancia de taxones de las familias Poaceae y Asteraceae, lo que evidencia directamente los principales elementos de la dieta de la fauna que acompañaba a los cazadores-recolectores. Asimismo, se logró identificar taxones vegetales que estaban disponibles para los cazadores-recolectores que habitaron en el noroeste de Santa Cruz durante el Holoceno.

Este artículo revisa y profundiza en las diferentes estrategias utilizadas desde la abadía de Sant Pere de Rodes para mantener su papel como destino de peregrinación, a la luz de los estudios más recientes. Concretamente, se analizan cuatro episodios de la historia del monasterio entre los siglos X y XVII, que demuestran cómo desde el cenobio se buscaron fórmulas para seguir teniendo un papel relevante en el universo devocional. En el siglo X, el abad Hildesind logró del papa un privilegio excepcional que otorgaba a los peregrinos los mismos perdones que si hubieran viajado hasta Roma. Medio siglo después se construyó una iglesia excepcional en la abadía con los principales elementos que caracterizaban a los santuarios penitenciales. A partir del siglo XIV, Sant Pere de Rodes consiguió legitimar una celebración de años santos, en base a una bula papal inexistente. Finalmente, en algún momento del siglo XVI, el monasterio se atribuyó la custodia de la cabeza y del brazo derecho del apóstol san Pedro, con suficiente ambigüedad como para no contradecir los cánones oficiales de la Iglesia.

This paper exposes how the political structure and power consolidation devised by Néstor Kirchner in the province of Santa Cruz since 1990, has conditioned the control and audit mechanisms. Among the most notable measures are the reforms of the Constitution and the establishment of the law of slogans, which have allowed indefinite re-election, and the incorporation of a new mechanism for the election of deputies of the provincial Congress. The analysis links the consequences of these reforms with the control power that exists over the income that comes from metal mining, an activity that began with the first Kirchner government and has continued until today. The accessibility and transparency of information related to the income of the activity and its management is discussed, questioning whether these resources have been allocated to the socioeconomic development of the people of Santa Cruz. The methodology used is qualitative, for which key actors in the process have been interviewed, and documentary sources and bibliography have been analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hermenéutica is the property of Hermeneutic - Revista Digital de Arte, Critica y Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ad Limina. Revista de investigacion del Camino de Santiag y las peregrinaciones is the property of AD LIMINA Turismo de Galicia SA de Xestion do Plan Xacobeo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The occurrence of Alsodes coppingeri is confirmed in Argentina for the first time, from Santa Cruz Province, close to the Lago del Desierto. Specimens of this species were identified according to external morphology and DNA sequences. These new records in Argentina are at the same latitude than the type locality (Puerto Río Frío, Chile) about 100 km eastwards in a straight-line, but at the opposite side of the Andes mountain range and the Southern Continental Ice Fields. Five localities from Chile (Caleta Tortel, Canal Michel, Laguna Caiquenes, Puerto Yungay, and Villa O'Higgins) are around 100 km north from our records, in a lower region of the Andes located between the Northern and Southern Continental Ice Fields. This region with discontinuous permanent ice sheet-cover may have acted as a corridor for amphibian species that are currently distributed on both sides of the Andes range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture in the populated islands of the Galapagos Archipelago, a protected area due to its unique biodiversity, has been detrimental to its conservation but highly required to meet food necessities. A potential solution to make agricultural farming more sustainable is adopting water-saving technologies (WSTs). Therefore, this study aimed to test the effectiveness of using WSTs such as Groasis Waterboxx® in three of the most valuable crops in the islands through participatory research with the involvement of a group of farmers from the Floreana and Santa Cruz islands and explore a possible transition to more sustainable agricultural practices. Capsicum annuum, Cucumis sativus and Solanum lycopersicum were cultivated using Groasis Waterboxx® and compared to conventional irrigation practices (drip-irrigated controls) to assess the variability of productivity, the number of fruits and individual fruit weight (IFW). In addition, differences in plant traits were analyzed by crop, and island. Results suggested that WSTs such as Groasis Waterboxx® may provide on-farm benefits regarding the yields of the studied traits. From this study, it is difficult to determine whether participation in such a research study will permanently change irrigation practices. However, the participant's responses to the study suggest an increase in their understanding of the use and benefits of WST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente trabajo propone un abordaje que examina el rol que les cabe a las escuelas de la provincia de Santa Cruz en el proceso de construcción de la(s) memoria(s) colectiva(s) particularmente de dos hechos traumáticos de la historia contemporánea santacruceña: por un lado, las huelgas de los peones rurales de 1920/21 y, por el otro, la última dictadura cívico-militar de 1976. Si bien ambos hechos contienen su propia densidad histórica y particularidades propias, lo cierto es que ambos hechos han irrumpido en el calendario de actos escolares. Por eso nos interesa analizar los mecanismos que se activan en relación al recuerdo/olvido, y de qué modo se implementan no sólo en los días señalados por la efeméride escolar, sino también en la cotidianeidad más extensa de las instituciones escolares. Desde esta perspectiva, nos interesa retomar el análisis respecto al lugar de las bibliotecas escolares en la construcción de la memoria colectiva santacruceña.

En este trabajo se analiza la viabilidad de un circuito turístico que incorpore las estancias del noreste de Santa Cruz, con su patrimonio histórico, arquitectónico y, en algunos casos arqueológico y paleontológico, y el Parque Nacional Bosque Petrificado de Jaramillo (PNBPJ), contribuyendo así a ampliar las posibilidades turísticas de esta región. Luego de analizar la localización, contenido patrimonial y disponibilidad para la actividad turística, se consideran algunas estancias con aptitud para integrar el circuito propuesto. Una recorrida por este paisaje relata los cambios drásticos que sufrió el ambiente, a través de la historia de la Tierra y los cambios posteriores, introducidos por el hombre. Se propone un circuito temático que abarque al menos una estancia y el PNBPJ: “Cambia, todo cambia: Santa Cruz, entre fósiles y ovejas”. Sus atractivos principales están basados en el patrimonio histórico, arqueológico y paleontológico y, como atractivos complementarios, la gastronomía y actividades rurales, sin olvidar los de entorno, con puntos panorámicos. Se considera factible desarrollar este circuito en un producto sustentable que beneficie a la comunidad local y aporte a la difusión de un yacimiento paleontológico de interés mundial.

Esta publicación, pretende exponer los resultados obtenidos del estudio de las Pequeñas y Medianas empresas radicadas en la Provincia de Santa Cruz, cuyo objeto principal era vislumbrar la manera en que estas administran y vinculan el Planeamiento Estratégico, la Innovación, el uso de las tecnologías de información y sus Políticas de Recursos Humanos. Se buscó establecer si el empresario PyME identifica que existe este vínculo entre ellas y por tanto busca armonizarlas y condiciona las políticas empresariales adoptadas en función de los factores expuestos. El trabajo se enfoca en establecer una síntesis de algunos de los aspectos más relevantes que se han logrado aislar de los relevamientos, encuentros, colaboraciones, entrevistas y encuestas que se han ejecutado a lo largo del tiempo de vida del proyecto. Siendo Santa Cruz, la segunda provincia en extensión de la nación y con solo 60 años desde su constitución como tal, se ven impresa en ella características particulares, a la organización territorial, al desarrollo de la actividad económica, educativa y cultural, como también a las políticas públicas implementadas destinadas a crear las condiciones necesarias para el nacimiento y desarrollo empresarial

This article contrasts politico‐legal understandings of indigeneity to the lived experiences of urban residents in Santa Cruz (Bolivia) who belong to distinct lowland indigenous groups and whose specific demands are often not addressed by government authorities. It also critically examines power relations and patterns of exclusion within urban indigenous communities. The findings offer insights on the multiple, and at times conflicting, experiences of distinct urban indigenous residents. They also highlight the need to consider alternative indigenous struggles which confront unjust government practices that reproduce social exclusion and coloniality, but also problematise patriarchal relations and gerontocracy among urban indigenous groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Blood meal host selection by mosquito vectors is an important component in understanding disease dynamics of pathogens that threaten endemic fauna in isolated islands such as Galápagos. Research on the feeding behavior of mosquitoes can provide clues to the hosts and vectors involved in disease transmission. This information is particularly critical for endemic wildlife fauna in island systems that have evolved without resistance to novel diseases such as avian malaria. The aims of this study were to determine the blood-feeding patterns of two species of mosquitoes found in Galápagos and discuss how their feeding behavior may influence the transmission of pathogens such as avian malaria. Methods In the summer of 2015, we sampled two mosquito species (Aedes taeniorhynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus) across 18 different sites on Isla Santa Cruz, which is the second largest island in Galápagos and has the largest human population. We trapped mosquitoes using CDC light traps and CDC gravid traps and identified sources of blood meals for engorged mosquitoes by sequencing a portion of the vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Results Out of 947 female mosquitoes captured, 320 were blood-fed, and PCR amplifications were successful for 301 of the blood meals. Results revealed that both Aedes taeniorhynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus feed from a variety of vertebrate taxa, numerically dominated by humans on Isla Santa Cruz. Conclusions The high proportion of mammalian blood meals could represent locally available and abundant hosts on Santa Cruz. However, host surveys and estimates of relative abundances of vertebrate species will need to accompany mosquito trapping studies on non-inhabited and inhabited islands in Galápagos to further validate this.

La proximidad del Valle de Arán a la vía tolosana y su dependencia de la Diócesis de Comminges (hasta 1804) hicieron de Sant Andrèu de Salardú una iglesia de peregrinación local, próxima a santuarios dotados de reliquias en el camino que remontaba el curso del río Garona. El motivo de peregrinación estribaba en el Santo Cristo románico de Salardú, al que se le atribuyeron numerosos milagros de toda índole, incluso anteriores al momento en que un fragmento del Lignum Crucis llegó a la iglesia. Era tal el número de fieles que acudían que se concedieron numerosas indulgencias a cambio de la obtención de donaciones. La iglesia aún conserva elementos estructurales y ornamentales, algunos del momento de su construcción, que aluden a su carácter de iglesia de peregrinación. Este se acentúa al haber albergado una cofradía y una capilla dedicada a Santiago, decorada con el ciclo pictórico de los milagros del ahorcado y del gallo y la gallina.

Agriculture in the populated islands of the Galapagos Archipelago, a protected area due to its unique biodiversity, has been detrimental to its conservation but highly required to meet food necessities. A potential solution to make agricultural farming more sustainable is adopting water-saving technologies (WSTs). Therefore, this study aimed to test the effectiveness of using WSTs such as Groasis Waterboxx® in three of the most valuable crops in the islands through participatory research with the involvement of a group of farmers from the Floreana and Santa Cruz islands and explore a possible transition to more sustainable agricultural practices. Capsicum annuum, Cucumis sativus and Solanum lycopersicum were cultivated using Groasis Waterboxx® and compared to conventional irrigation practices (drip-irrigated controls) to assess the variability of productivity, the number of fruits and individual fruit weight (IFW). In addition, differences in plant traits were analyzed by crop, and island. Results suggested that WSTs such as Groasis Waterboxx® may provide on-farm benefits regarding the yields of the studied traits. From this study, it is difficult to determine whether participation in such a research study will permanently change irrigation practices. However, the participant’s responses to the study suggest an increase in their understanding of the use and benefits of WST.

En este trabajo se analiza el origen y las relaciones entre travertinos y jasperoides intercalados en rocas volcaniclásticas jurásicas en el distrito argento-aurífero Manantial Espejo, ubicado en el borde sur-occidental del Macizo del Deseado, provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina. Los cuerpos de travertino constituyen estratos delgados de hasta 60 cm de espesor de calcita micrítica finamente laminada, en ocasiones con estratificación rítmica de calcita y ópalo, asociados a depósitos de tobas de caída y tufitas de ambiente lacustre. En algunos afloramientos, los morfotipos reconocidos revelan que la precipitación del carbonato correspondía a sectores proximales relacionados a geisers y conductos de vapor, los cuales se orientaban a los largo de las fracturas que constituyeron los canales de circulación de fluidos. La posterior silicificación de los niveles carbonáticos produjeron jasperoides que se presentan como cuerpos tabulares subverticales y subhorizontales, estos últimos con características texturales similares a aquellas de sinters. La silicificación se originó tardíamente, posiblemente durante la etapa principal del régimen hidrotermal que generó las vetas portadoras de plata y oro. Los travertinos se formaron en un ambiente de hot spring, relacionado con fracturas de un sistema de cizalla conjugado orientadas entre N 20° a 45° E y N 20° a 40° O y constituyen las evidencias más tempranas de la presencia de un régimen epitermal asociado al proceso volcánico jurásico, en un régimen tectónico distensivo, en Manantial Espejo.

The following interview addresses a big question at the heart of preservationist practice: how do you encourage people to appreciate the beauty and historical significance of their surroundings and to take care of them? The personal testimony of Abdeslem Abdelhak, active in Bel Horizon since its founding in 2001, conveys a nuanced and democratic vision of the role that associations can play in preserving architectural vestiges from the past. By training guides, publishing books, advocating the preservation of sites like the sixteenth century Spanish fort Santa Cruz, and storytelling, Bel Horizon in general and Abdelhak in particular have been working to stimulate deep knowledge of the city's evolution and thus popular stewardship of its future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El proyecto de investigación asociado a esta publicación pretende el estudio y acercamiento a las Pymes radicadas en la región con el fin de determinar los rasgos sobresalientes que estas tienen en materia de gerenciamiento. Se buscó indagar sobre las Pymes para determinar concretamente si realizan Planeamiento Estratégico, si las políticas de Recurso Humanos se vinculan a dicho Planeamiento y si desde estas empresas se incorpora innovación tecnológica y de qué modo incorpora el avance tecnológico en su función de producción. A tales fines se llevó adelante una campaña de relevamiento mediante encuestas que permitió estudiar e inferir el comportamiento de las organizaciones empresariales al respecto de varios de estos aspectos, la presente publicación logra caracterizar las pymes en conceptos generales y da evidencia del avance e incorporación de las Tecnologíasde Información y Comunicación en las PyMEs, explicando los principales mecanismos de innovación en esta materia.

El objetivo del trabajo es analizar las formaciones partidarias de izquierda en la provincia de Santa Cruz como espacios de discusión en el entramado político, teniendo en cuenta su estructuración como partido, la forma de organización y su accionar partidario en los diferentes escenarios. El trabajo se basa en una búsqueda en diferentes diarios provinciales, recopilación de resultados electorales y realización de entrevistas a los protagonistas. Con ello se pretende llegar a conocer la dinámica de organización interna y el entramado de relaciones que tejieron estos partidos, para luego mantenerse como minoría activas en el escenario político santacruceño.

Argentina ha experimentado un auge de las actividades mineras, sobre todo de la megaminería metalífera, en el escenario de una acelerada expansión de actividades extractivas en América Latina. La instalación de emprendimientos mineros a gran escala y a cielo abierto desencadena profundas reconfiguraciones de los espacios de extracción. El presente artículo toma como ejemplo la expansión minera en la provincia argentina de Santa Cruz que ha llegado a ocupar un lugar central en la cartografía minera argentina en los últimos veinte años. A partir del caso del mega-emprendimiento a cielo abierto Cerro Vanguardia y la localidad más cercana, Puerto San Julián, discutimos cómo la expansión mega-minera cambia de manera fundamental la relación entre actores privados y públicos, cómo contribuye a legitimar las actividades mineras de la operadora minera transnacional y minimizar las consecuencias socio-ambientales. Primero se indaga en las particularidades de la expansión de la minería santacruceña, y segundo, se analiza el rol de la Agencia de Desarrollo de Puerto San Julián como institución creada por la operadora transnacional que materializa la relación entre los actores políticos, privados y sociales de la localidad.

The article aims to understand the debates that took place on miscegenation on Santa Cruz. Attempt to relate them with the political context, trying to understand the power that history and racial ideas could have at the time of legitimizing or reviling political positions, own and others, as part of the regionalist struggle with the central state. It focus in two periods, one during the first half of the 20th Century when Santa Cruz intellectuals claim the Hispanic blood purity of the city population, and the other, on the second half, when they began to recognize positive qualities of the mixture of Spanish descendants and Eastern Bolivian lowland indigenous.

Unpublished data from Raúl Martínez Crovetto on plant practices and meanings among the Aonik'enk people of Santa Cruz documented during 1967, were found at the Institute of Botany of the Northeast (IBONE). Its value is a priori remarkable in view of the limited background on ethnobotany of this human group. The aims of this study were to value, analyze, update and interpret the voluminous set of information documented at fieldwork by Martínez Crovetto, to compile and classify the scattered data found in the literature on the subject, and to compare these data with those referred to for the Selk'nam (onas) of Tierra del Fuego. The methodology corresponds to historical ethnobotany, which considers data from the past as a primary source of information on which the classical ethnobotanical method is applied. A total of 163 data on Aonik'enk ethnobotany from Raúl Martínez Crovetto's field records were valued, as well as 105 from published secondary sources consulted. In total, 244 different ethnobotanical data about this people are referred for 117 botanical taxa. Most ethnobotanic uses were food (90; 36.7%) and medicinal (81; 33%). The coincidence between the Aonik'enk and Selk'nam data exceeds 60%, indicating the existence of links between their ethnobotany. This contribution is the greatest input into Aonik'enk ethnobotany both for the amount and diversity of data compiled, and for the volume of new unpublished data informed. Edible uses of Rumex species roots and of Chuquiraga avellanedae aerial part are cited here for the first time for Argentina, as well as Mulguraea tridens roots for making of combs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food system activities have modified 40% of the Earth's terrestrial surface. These activities affect the sustainability of food systems – and their ability to provide agroecosystem services. Here, we compare three food systems in Bolivia. One is agro-industrial (soybean), one is indigenous to a Guarani community (maize and beans), and one is an agroecological, horticulture-based food system. We use the Agroecosystem Service Capacity (ASC) approach, which is based on a list of 23 agroecosystem services that allow the ASC index of farm-based agroecosystems to be estimated. Our findings show that agroecological (ASC = 2.57) and indigenous (ASC = 2.43) farm-based agroecosystems have a higher capacity to provide farm-based agroecosystem services than the agro-industrial (ASC = 0.82). This capacity differs because farmers in the agroecological and indigenous farm-based agroecosystems achieve a higher structural diversity and know how to use more agroecosystem services. These results could promote more sustainable food systems by fostering agricultural landscapes that provide a diversity of farm-based agroecosystem services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 1940s, inter-American music projects created new networks of intellectual and musical exchange. This article contributes new archival research on the decades-long relationship between Charles Seeger (US composer, teacher, and cofounder of the Society for Ethnomusicology) and Domingo Santa Cruz (Chilean composer, lawyer, diplomat, and founder of the Chilean Music Review). A conceptual focus on "mediations" brings together textuality, materiality, and ideology to expand our narratives and methodologies in critically analyzing the geopolitics of musical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este estudio comprende una valoración cuali-cuantitativa de las especies de aves asociadas ecológicamente a humedales del sur de la provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina. Se trabajó en dos reservas naturales municipales con una rica diversidad de aves, la Reserva Costera Urbana en Río Gallegos y Reserva Natural Municipal Laguna Nimez en El Calafate. Se seleccionaron un total de 27 especies de aves posibles de observar entre ambas reservas por su potencial para ser aprovechadas para la práctica del aviturismo, ponderando de forma diferenciada entre quienes lo realizan de forma ocasional y profesional.

The Thematic Volume “Early-Middle Miocene Paleontology in the Río Santa Cruz, Southern Patagonia, Argentina. 130 years since Ameghino, 1887” deals with the geology, chronology and the fossils of the Santa Cruz Formation in the Río Santa Cruz recovered in recent expeditions (2013-14). It gathers 13 articles by 21 authors and highlights the need to integrate historical information in paleontological studies of the Cenozoic of Patagonia.

Considerada a mais importante obra de engenharia brasileira do século XVIII, a Ponte dos Jesuítas, tombada pelo Iphan em 1938, foi construída por religiosos inacianos como parte de um sistema complexo de drenagem e irrigação da Fazenda Santa Cruz, localizada na Zona Oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho aqui apresentado é o primeiro estudo sistemático dos elementos da ponte, realizado com o objetivo de identificar alterações de seus traços originais por meio da integração de textos, imagens históricas e estudo petrográfico das rochas utilizadas como cantarias. Os resultados permitiram reconhecer sinais de intervenções de diferentes períodos e identificar funções de alguns elementos construtivos da obra.

Alpine environments and their temporal changes are rarely studied at high latitudes in the southern hemisphere. We analyzed alpine plants, soil temperatures, and growing-season length in mountains of two landscapes of South Patagonia (46° to 56° SL): three summits (814–1085 m a.s.l) surrounded by foothill grasslands in Santa Cruz province (SC), and four summits (634–864 m a.s.l.) in sub-Antarctic forests of Tierra del Fuego province (TF). Sampling followed the protocolized methodology of the Global Observational Research Initiative in Alpine Environments (GLORIA). Factors were topography (elevation and cardinal aspect) and time (baseline vs. re-sampling for plants, five annual periods for temperatures), assessed by univariate and multivariate tests. Plant composition reflected the lowland surrounding landscapes, with only 9 mountain species on 52 totals in SC and 3 on 30 in TF. Richness was higher in re-sampling than baseline, being assemblages more influenced by aspect than elevation. Mean annual soil temperature and growing-season length, which varied with topography, were related to the Multivariate El Niño Southern Oscillation Index (MEI) but did not show clear warming trends over time. We highlight the importance of long-term studies in mountainous regions of extreme southern latitudes, where factors other than warming (e.g., extreme climate events) explain variations.

In this present article, the sin was brought into perspective. For this purpose, our attention is focused on Santa Cruz neighborhood, located in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro city, which receives insufficient investments from the Government, scores a low Social Progress Index, suffers from the exponential growth of the urban violence, also is a victim of voracity and irresponsibility by the large companies placed on the local area, besides has its population target by stigma and prejudice. At this first and brief moment, the Aristotelian Philosophy and Christ ethics will be appealed – where the sin shows up itself as a fundamental category – and Literature (throug the work of Dante Alighieri) – we demonstrate throughout this article, wich phenomenon/relations that mark the contemporary show themselves as a new guise of the classic capital sins. As mentioned, referring to Santa Cruz, each of them, supposed social dimension of sins is made explicit. Superb, greed, envy, anger, lust, gluttony and sloth are all thematized here, leading us to conclude that these exposed sins are far away to leading their sinners to “hell”. In certain way, from its towers, bubbles or castles, they keep looking skewed or at some distance to the Santa Cruz neighborhood, contributing to maintain it invisible in the city context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As part of a current investigation a number of stone structures have been registered throughout the locality of Santa Cruz (Argentina), which have been assigned to various functions such as hunting blinds, cairns, bases of awnings and "chenques" or funerary structures. Associated to one of these funerary structures, which is located at the top of Cerro Horqueta or Madre e Hija, human skeletal remains were recorded. In February of 2018, the structure was visited with the aim of obtaining a sample for radiocarbon dating and DNA analysis. The present work aims to generate bio-archaeological information, which is currently non-existent for the studied area. Specifically, we present here a bio anthropological analysis on a tooth recovered in the mentioned context. We determined it is a human, permanent upper left canine that belonged to an adolescent or young adult. The presence of a process of incipient hypercementosis, which can be interpreted as indicative of the use of the dentition for para-masticatory purposes, and the burial structure in which the tooth was found allow us to think that the individual may have belonged to an indigenous hunter-gatherer group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Blood meal host selection by mosquito vectors is an important component in understanding disease dynamics of pathogens that threaten endemic fauna in isolated islands such as Galápagos. Research on the feeding behavior of mosquitoes can provide clues to the hosts and vectors involved in disease transmission. This information is particularly critical for endemic wildlife fauna in island systems that have evolved without resistance to novel diseases such as avian malaria. The aims of this study were to determine the blood-feeding patterns of two species of mosquitoes found in Galápagos and discuss how their feeding behavior may influence the transmission of pathogens such as avian malaria. Methods: In the summer of 2015, we sampled two mosquito species (Aedes taeniorhynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus) across 18 different sites on Isla Santa Cruz, which is the second largest island in Galápagos and has the largest human population. We trapped mosquitoes using CDC light traps and CDC gravid traps and identified sources of blood meals for engorged mosquitoes by sequencing a portion of the vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Results: Out of 947 female mosquitoes captured, 320 were blood-fed, and PCR amplifications were successful for 301 of the blood meals. Results revealed that both Aedes taeniorhynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus feed from a variety of vertebrate taxa, numerically dominated by humans on Isla Santa Cruz. Conclusions: The high proportion of mammalian blood meals could represent locally available and abundant hosts on Santa Cruz. However, host surveys and estimates of relative abundances of vertebrate species will need to accompany mosquito trapping studies on non-inhabited and inhabited islands in Galápagos to further validate this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive livestock system of South Patagonia is carried out on large-scale paddocks, with low animal carrying capacity and high environmental fragility. The historical grazing management, since the end of the 19th century, has caused the desertification of the landscape in a large part of the territory. Different institutional efforts have sought to promote better management of rangelands based on adapting the stocking rate of the paddocks. However, the heterogeneity of the landscape within the paddocks still allows the concentration of animals in the most preferred places. In this context, the development of technical recommendations that allow the control of the heterogeneous grazing, requires an updated knowledge about the perception of the producers facing this problem. For this reason, a survey was carried out to 82 extensive livestock producers in Santa Cruz, seeking to characterize the management they perform in the paddocks, the criteria for their design and how they visualize the problem of heterogeneous grazing. A high percentage of producers (~ 75%) detects the problem, but only 8.3% applies more than 2 technologies to address it. The producers, as a whole, show knowledge of an important variety of technologies. However, different limitations indicated by the interviewees, determine that the technologies are not consolidated as common use practices. The extensive system in South Patagonia continues to be carried out mainly under a scheme of minimal intervention of the landscape, just as in its beginnings. It may be necessary to review the technology transfer system from research and extension institutions. However, the participation of the State is also essential, through the design and implementation of policies that provide suitable instruments to encourage, promote, support and monitor the adoption of technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Saleslan Congregation was born in Turin when Italy was going through a process of industrialization and strong secularism. The aim of this Congregation was to cater to children and adolescents in the popular sectores trascending mere school. To move to the Argentina they replicated the methodology implemented in Italy who joined the "Exploradores de Don Bosco". We will discuss how developed in Santa Cruz in the period of confrontation between the secular school and Salesian and between the Exploradores de Don Bosco and Boy Scouts. We will used the documentation provided by both institutions along with the testimonies of the ancient inhabitants of Santa Cruz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Reconstructing paleoenvironments has long been considered a vital component for understanding community structure of extinct organisms, as well as patterns that guide evolutionary pathways of species and higher-level taxa. Given the relative geographic and phylogenetic isolation of the South American continent throughout much of the Cenozoic, the South American fossil record presents a unique perspective of mammalian community evolution in the context of changing climates and environments. Here we focus on one line of evidence for paleoenvironment reconstruction: ecological diversity, i.e. the number and types of ecological niches filled within a given fauna. We propose a novel approach by utilizing ecological indices as predictors in two regressive modeling techniques—Random Forest (RF) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR)—which are applied to 85 extant Central and South American localities to produce paleoecological prediction models. Faunal richness is quantified via ratios of ecologies within the mammalian communities, i.e. ecological indices, which serve as predictor variables in our models. Six climate/habitat variables were then predicted using these ecological indices: mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), temperature seasonality, precipitation seasonality, canopy height, and net primary productivity (NPP). Predictive accuracy of RF and GPR is markedly higher when compared to previously published methods. MAT, MAP, and temperature seasonality have the lowest predictive error. We use these models to reconstruct paleoclimatic variables in two well-sampled Miocene faunas from South America: fossiliferous layers (FL) 1–7, Santa Cruz Formation (Early Miocene), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina; and the Monkey Beds unit, Villavieja Formation (Middle Miocene) Huila, Colombia. Results suggest general concordance with published estimations of precipitation and temperature, and add information with regards to the other climate/habitat variables included here. Ultimately, we believe that RF and GPR in conjunction with ecological indices have the potential to contribute to paleoenvironment reconstruction. Highlights • Machine-learning regression techniques outperform more traditional regression techniques in predicting climatic variables. • Models derived from South American data are broadly applicable to other continents. • The Monkey Beds unit in La Venta, Colombia was likely a wet, warm, aseasonal environment. • The Puesto Estancia La Costa unit in Santa Cruz, Argentina was likely a highly seasonal, mixed habitat environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La UNPA-UACO comenzó a estudiar el tema de Energía Oceánica y sus conversores con el PI 29 B 125 del 2010: “Análisis de Sistemas de Conversores Fluidodinámicos de Energía Renovable para la Patagonia Austral de Argentina”. Luego en el 2014 se comienza el PI 29 B 163: “Sistemas Conversores Fluido-dinámicos de Energía Renovable para la Patagonia, Argentina”. Este proyecto analiza los recursos oceánicos de las corrientes marinas y undimotriz a macroescala y además se utilizaran modelos desarrollados de conversores de energía de las corrientes marinas y de las olas para estudio y posterior dimensionamiento de prototipos de aplicación para dichas fuentes. Durante el 2014 el becario se propone para estudiar el recurso de las mareas en Río Gallegos y determinación de ubicación de un futuro prototipo en la Ría de Rio Gallegos. El presente informe detalla el trabajo desarrollado durante el 2015 en lo que respecta a estudio del recurso mareomotriz y posible localización de prototipo de turbina hidrocinética flotante para la Ría de Río Gallegos, santa Cruz, Argentina.

Este estudio presenta un diagnóstico actualizado sobre los recursos existentes para la observación de aves como actividad turística en el corredor de la Ruta Nacional 40, en el tramo entre la Cuenca Carbonífera Río Turbio y la ciudad de Gobernador Gregores (Santa Cruz) y su zona de influencia, con el fin de sentar las bases para su planificación y desarrollo en sus diversas modalidades, en función de las aptitudes y capacidades del medio. En la actualidad, se identificaron dos tipos de observadores, según su grado de interés en la actividad, que los denominamos recreacionistas y especialistas. Para estos últimos, destacamos 17 especies de aves que por su limitada distribución, endemismo o singularidad, constituyen las más buscadas por los observadores que visitan Santa Cruz. Algunas de estas especies presentan una distribución geográfica muy acotada, por lo cual resultan en una ventaja comparativa respecto a otros lugares que ofertan el producto aves. Se presenta además una jerarquización de la potencialidad que presentan diferentes sitios identificados en este tramo para el desarrollo del turismo ornitológico.

O Tapiz de la Creación (séculos XI-XII) pode ser considerado a obra mais famosa e enigmática do românico catalão. Nossa pesquisa focaliza o friso inferior parcialmente perdido, que exibe os topos de uma cruz e de uma coroa imperial. O enigma central é: quem portava tais objetos? Se considerarmos a proporção/tamanho deles, o personagem teria um significativo destaque no bordado. Alguns estudiosos cunharam hipóteses sobre essa problemática, apontando três possibilidades: a imperatriz Helena (c. 250- 330), o imperador Constantino I (272-337) e o basileus Heráclio I (c. 575-641), com destaque para os dois últimos. Não temos a presunção de desvendar a identidade do protagonista imperial no Tapiz; nossa principal intenção é apresentar o estado da questão, além de comentar algumas teorias à luz de novos indícios. Uma aproximação à identidade do personagem conduziria não somente a uma reinterpretação dessa famosa obra (simbologia, funcionalidade), mas também ao mapeamento da introdução do mito imperial (constantiniano ou heracliano) na Catalunha dos séculos XI-XII, o que contribui para entender sua influência sobre a religiosidade, comportamento sociopolítico, etc.

Este artículo indaga sobre la relación entre la trayectoria social y política de los principales miembros del Frente para la Victoria (FPV), fuerza política que gobernó en Argentina entre 2003 y 2015, y un tipo de concepción política que atravesó sus sucesivos gobiernos, la lucha anticorporativa. El artículo muestra sus antecedentes y orígenes en la provincia de Santa Cruz, territorio donde surgió esta organización — originalmente Frente para la Victoria Santacruceña (FVS)— hacia fines de la década de 1980 y durante la década de 1990. Se analizaron datos de entrevistas semiestructuradas, diarios y revistas provinciales, documentos parlamentarios, archivos partidarios, decretos de necesidad y urgencia, leyes y bases de trayectorias sociales y políticas. Como se expone, el carácter marginal de la elite del FVS dio forma a una fuerza política que definió su identidad posicionándose y actuando “por fuera” de relaciones de intercambio con los grupos políticos y sociales representativos de la sociedad.

La infraestructura de la provincia de Santa cruz ha sido objeto en los últimos años de cambios radicales que implicarán en el futuro cambios sociales inesperados, además de cambios en el comportamiento de los actores económicos. El inicio de la construcción de las obras de las represas sobre el río Santa Cruz constituye la mayor transformación en la estructura económica de la provincia. El trabajo consiste en la revisión de casos anteriores de obras caracterizadas como Proyectos de Gran Escala (PGE) y sus implicancias sociales y económicas durante las distintas etapas de la realización de los mismos. Principalmente se analizaron los trabajos realizados por Rofman, Laurelli y otros profesionales del Centro de Estudios Urbanos y Regionales, que realizaron aportes metodológicos para los análisis del tema, basados en el caso de Salto Grande. Se incorpora también, aunque tangencialmente, la mirada sociológica considerando los análisis de Lins Ribeiro sobre los PGE (Proyectos de Gran Escala). Como resultado final surgen recomendaciones para evitar los problemas, frustraciones y falta de apropiación local de los beneficios de las grandes obras en la región en la que éstas se implantan.

RESUMEN El artículo tiene como principal objetivo indagar y describir las características de la integración y diferenciación en la provincia Patagónica de Santa Cruz en dos etapas de desarrollo social de la misma. Antes y después del desembarco de las empresas estatales, el desarrollo minero y militar de la provincia a mediados del siglo XX y el proceso de provincialización e inauguración del sistema democrático formal en ese territorio en 1958. El trabajo sostiene centralmente que Santa Cruz presenta vínculos escasos con instituciones y grupos externos a la provincia y un déficit de integración social a su interior, con distintas intensidades en las diferentes etapas de desarrollo económico, político y social. ABSTRACT The article has as its main objective to investigate and describe the characteristics of the social integration and differentiation in the Patagonic province of Santa Cruz, in two stages of its development. Before and after the coming of the State enterprises, the mining and military development in the province mid-twentieth century, and the provincialization process and inauguration of the formal democratic system in 1958. This work mainly states that Santa Cruz holds scarce ties with institutions and groups external to the province and a social integration deficit within and among its inhabitants, with diverse intensity in the different stages of its economic, politic and social development.

A pioneer of the collection of mammals in Patagonia: the trip of Emilio Budin in 1927-1928. Emilio Budin, an outstanding collector of mammals, made, accompanied by his family and using a Ford T truck, a trip through the Patagonian territory during the years 1927-1928, to cover more than four thousand kilometers of routes. Part of the specimens collected was described by Oldfield Thomas in his last published paper in 1929. However, the locations of some sites sampled by Budin were unclear, due to the geographic uncertainty that surrounded the region in the first part of the 20th century. Thanks to the stories of the youngest son of Budin, a direct participant in the journey, as well as the comparison of various cartographic, museographic and literary sources, we have identified the main collecting points, from Bahía Blanca in Argentina to Punta Arenas in Chile. We discuss, in this context, taxonomical and biogeographical implications derived from the collected materials by Budin, and his epic journey is valued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myriostoma coliforme, Sphaerobolus stellatus and Mutinus caninus var. albus are recorded for the first time from Bolivia. In addition, we report recent records for Podaxis pistillaris and Phallus indusiatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]