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Within feminism there is no unified perspective on surrogate pregnancy (sp). Feminist disagreement generally translates into a debate between the defense of autonomy and the protection from exploitation and oppression. This formula, however, overlooks the common feminist framework of the debate, within which limiting oppression and promoting women's autonomy should be considered shared goals. I will advance the debate by analyzing these shared objectives by appealing to contemporary literature on personal autonomy. I will argue that the models of autonomy assumed by those who defend sp as a form of self-determination mask significant forms of oppression in contemporary contexts and that it is only by adopting a particular conception of autonomy that feminist proposals contrary to sp can be seen as hostile to autonomy. I conclude that reflecting and legislating on sp requires models of autonomy that are sensitive to different forms of oppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experience report refers to a psychotherapeutic counseling attended by a nine-year-old boy conceived through reproductive technologies and unaware of his conception. The discussions presented here emerged during a supervised internship at a Psychology School Service from May to November 2019. During the sessions, the child alluded to mythology, nature, movies and games contents which when explored in an analytical setting unveiled his interest in issues of sexuality, the origin of babies, and his own conception. We expect this report to collaborate with reflections on the omission of conception, especially in the context of assisted reproduction, and to increase and update child psychoanalytic research in Brazil, as to promote new perspectives of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuestiones Políticas is the property of Revista Cuestiones Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sexualidad, Salud y Sociedad: Revista Latinoamericana is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study analyzes different factors that affect the success of artificial insemination of cows by small farmers involved in a productive and genetic improvement program in the O'Higgins region of central Chile. The success of artificial insemination was modeled as a function of different biological, environmental, and social factors recorded by the program using logistic regression. The model output was the gestational status of the inseminated cows as diagnosed by ultrasound. All predictors were evaluated for unconditional associations with the outcome. The results showed that the pregnancy probabilities in cows from Cardenal Caro Province were higher than those from Cachapoal Province; inseminators with 10 or more years of experience had greater pregnancy success than those with 1-4 years of experience; the pregnancy odds decreased on farms with 30 or more cows compared with farms with 1 to 5 cows; and the pregnancy odds also decreased when AI was performed at a fixed time compared with heat detection. Thus, the province, the number of cows in the herd, the experience of the inseminators, and the type of insemination were associated with the success of the pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En este artículo voy a reflexionar sobre una aparente paradoja: las familias de elección parecen mostrar una tendencia a rebiologizarse. El elemento biogenético, que se proclamaba secundario o incluso indiferente frente al acto de voluntad que suponía elegir con quién compartir o a quién amar, se diría que se revaloriza a juzgar por el uso creciente de técnicas de reproducción asistida en la formación de familias homoparentales: inseminación artificial, fecundación in vitro, recepción de óvulos de la pareja, gestación subrogada o por sustitución… El recurso cada vez más habitual a estas técnicas, que implican el uso de material genético propio en detrimento de otras vías de acceso a la parentalidad, parece otorgar de nuevo un valor central al vínculo biológico en la definición de qué es ser familia. Desde esa perspectiva, las familias homoparentales serían menos una alternativa que una imitación de las familias biogenéticas. Frente a esta interpretación, en este artículo se propone que el uso de técnicas reproductivas responde a diversas razones como la accesibilidad o la disponibilidad de estas más que a la perentoriedad de establecer un vínculo genético como fundamento de la relación filial.

En este texto se elabora sobre la relación que existe entre las transformaciones en las nuevas tecnologías para la reproducción asistida con la activación de nuevas prácticas misóginas en la fabricación de la maternidad monstruosa. Mi reflexión se centra en un estudio de caso: se trata de la representación en los medios de comunicación sobre el cuerpo de Nadya Suleman, una mujer norteamericana que fue el eje de la atención de un tour mediático por someterse a un tratamiento de inseminación artificial, a partir del cual concibió ocho niños en un mismo embarazo, luego de haber tenido otros seis niños concebidos también por este método. Desde entonces fue conocida como “the Octomom” y representada como una mujer monstruosa, como una freak.

The donation of gametes (eggs/sperm) or heterologous fertilization as a consequence of high-complexity assisted reproduction procedure has raised many questions. Should people know that they were conceived with donated gametes? What information can they access? Although the anonymity vs. non-anonymity debate of gamete donation is not new, we are witnessing a shift in which guidelines suggest disclosure and openness, but leave the final decision to the parents. While local and international professional guidelines (ASRM. Ethics Committee. Informing offspring of their conception by gamete or embryo donation: A committee opinion. American Society for Reproductive Medicine; Fertility and Sterility, 2013; Nuffield Council on Bioethics. Donor conception: ethical aspects of information sharing. London, 2013; The Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority. Code of Practice 8th edition. London, 2015) recommend disclosures of genetic information at an early age, the facts reveal that people face many troubles to disclose this information to their children. Is this going against people's right to identity? In other words, can reproductive choices affect an individual's identity? The following essay explores the notion of identity and its relation with the psychoanalytical term of identification (Freud-Lacan) aiming to develop a novel perspectives to address the present discussion. It provides also an examination of selected articles of the Argentine Civil and Commercial Code (2015), extracted from the Family Relations section (Arts. 401-723), trying to show the inherent contradictions and difficulties express in the regulatory domain to address the filiatory aspects. In conclusion, it may be said that identity is a concept that need to be build considering many and diverse features. Within the technical procedures of gamete donation, complex processes of subjectivation are involved which are necessary to investigate. Personal identity is rooted in identification traits, which are not fully dependent on the right to know the donor's identifying information, but are connected to singular constitutional process, which implies the elaboration of the subjective positioning in the family novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo busca contribuir a la reflexión sobre el tema de los derechos reproductivos, asumiendo como perspectiva de análisis el debate feminista occidental contemporáneo. No obstante la variedad de enfoques y posiciones que caracterizan ese debate, se enfatizará el interés convergente de la discusión bioética feminista más reciente en el tema de la regulación jurídica que los Estados prevén, tanto en relación con el uso de determinadas tecnologías reproductivas como respecto del ejercicio de otros derechos reproductivos, al igual que las premisas de valor que sostienen estas políticas del derecho y sus efectos en la vida de las mujeres. Finalmente, también a la luz de las transformaciones recientes de las modalidades de control público sobre las elecciones reproductivas, se individualizarán algunos retos que siguen interrogando a los feminismos contemporáneos.

Copyright of Maguaré is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Departamento de Antropologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Derecho Privado is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper studies some important dilemmas around in vitro fertilization (IVF) and gestational woman. Two predominant bioethical views are contrasted: liberal and traditional with respect to both phenomena. Qualitative analyses were carried out with respect to dominant theoretical views and the state of the art of reproductive technologies and subrogate pregnancy. As conclusion, an innovative bioethical figure in the practice of assisted reproduction is proposed: a reproductive counselor that helps in decision making during the process of artificial reproduction of the couple or single person to be an interlocutor between the users and the specialist. Furthermore, an ethical minimum for the selection of gestational women is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of new family formations as lived experience,not least as a function of developments in reproductive technologies, has been accompanied by a range of cultural productions --auto/ biography, poetry, films, plays, novels-- centring on the question of the impact of these technologies on the individuals concerned. Focussing on one such production, the hitherto little explored text of the play A Number by one of Britain's most preeminent feminist playwrights, Caryl Churchill, whose work is also much performed in the us, this article examines how the play intervenes in debates about new reproductive technologies. I draw on theoretical writings on reproductive technologies, as well as first-person accounts of donor insemination, to argue that in her exploration of father-son relationships in an all-male setting, Churchill produces a highly innovative and complex engagement with issues of reproduction and paternity, refusing conventional notions of the heteronormative nuclear family, of the effects of non-normative reproduction, and of the predictability of the effects of divergent (pro)creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]