Author: "Givaudan, A." / Topic: [sde.be]environmental sciences/biodiversity and ecology - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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61 results on '"Givaudan, A."'

1. Whole Genome DNA Methylation (Methylome) Analysis of an Entomopathogenic Bacterium

Author: Amaury Payelleville, Ludovic Legrand, Anne Lanois, Alain Givaudan, Julien Brillard, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: epigenetics, DNA methylation, gene regulation, bacterium, symbiosis, insect pathology, Biodiversité et Ecologie, entomopathogenic bacteria, facteur de pathogénicité, Biodiversity and Ecology, épigénétique, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, symbiose, bactérie entomopathogène, photorhabdus luminescens
Abstract: Background: DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism involved in the pathogenicity of several major bacterial pathogens. It can decrease the affinity of some transcriptional regulators to their binding site, leading to sub-populations expressing or not various genes, depending on the DNA methylation state. Dam DNA methyltransferase is widespread in Gammaproteobacteria and methylates the adenine of GATC sites. Objectives: The role of Dam was investigated in Photorhabdus luminescens during its symbiosis with a soil nematode and during its pathogenic stage in insects. Methods: SMRT sequencing (PacBio) and Bisulfite-seq were performed to identify the DNA methylation of the whole genome (methylome). In addition, RNAseq and phenotypic analysis were performed in a P. luminescens strain overexpressing Dam. Results: Dam overexpression caused a decrease in motility whereas it increased biofilm formation. While symbiosis ability of the Dam overexpressing strain was not significantly different from that of a control strain, the nemato-bacterial complex displayed an impaired pathogenicity in insect, as also observed after direct insect injection of the bacteria alone. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the observed phenotypes were related to differences at the transcriptional level. More than 99% of the GATC sites of the genome were found methylated and DNA methylation levels did not change over growth kinetics. However, the Dam-overexpressing strain displayed more methylated GATC sites than the control and most of these sites were located in promoter regions. These sites may be involved in the observed differences in phenotypes and gene expression and provide clues to understand the involvement of Dam DNA methylation in P. luminescens life-cycle.
Published: 2019

2. Role of the Photorhabdus Dam methyltransferase during interactions with its invertebrate hosts

Author: Payelleville, Amaury, Blackburn, Dana, Lanois, Anne, Pages, Sylvie, C Cambon, Marine, Ginibre, Nadège, Clarke, David J., Givaudan, Alain, Brillard, Julien, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Department of Microbiology, University of Washington [Seattle], Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, GAIA doctoral school (584), INRA Plant Health and Environment (SPE) division (SPE-IB17-DiscriMet), Académie d'Agriculture de France, French ministry MEAE, French ministry MESRI, ANR-17-CE20-0005,EPI-PATH,Rôle des modifications épigénétiques chez un pathogène de plante au cours de l'adaptation à l'hôte et des changements d'hôte(2017), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Site-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific), Life Cycles, Insecta, Nematoda, Molecular biology, Psychologie appliquée, Pathogenesis, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Photorhabdus luminescens, Biochemistry, bacterial dna, Dam DNA, Larvae, Medicine and Health Sciences, Nematode Infections, bactérie entomopathogène, nématode, DNA methylation, Eukaryota, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, Chromatin, symbiosis, Bacterial Pathogens, facteur de pathogénicité, Nucleic acids, Insects, Medical Microbiology, Medicine, Epigenetics, Pathogens, Photorhabdus, DNA modification, symbiose, Biologie, Chromatin modification, Research Article, Chromosome biology, Cell biology, Arthropoda, Science, entomopathogenic bacteria, Nematode infections, DNA construction, Plasmid construction, Microbiology, Bacterial Proteins, Genetics, Parasitic Diseases, Animals, heterorhabditis, Symbiosis, Microbial Pathogens, photorhabdus luminescens, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, DNA, Bacterial DNA, Invertebrates, Research and analysis methods, Species Interactions, Molecular biology techniques, Plasmid Construction, adn bactérien, Bacterial pathogens, Gene expression, Dam methyltransferase, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Photorhabdus luminescens is an entomopathogenic bacterium found in symbiosis with the nematode Heterorhabditis. Dam DNA methylation is involved in the pathogenicity of many bacteria, including P. luminescens, whereas studies about the role of bacterial DNA methylation during symbiosis are scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Dam DNA methylation in P. luminescens during the whole bacterial life cycle including during symbiosis with H. bacteriophora. We constructed a strain overexpressing dam by inserting an additional copy of the dam gene under the control of a constitutive promoter in the chromosome of P. luminescens and then achieved association between this recombinant strain and nematodes. The dam overexpressing strain was able to feed the nematode in vitro and in vivo similarly as a control strain, and to re-associate with Infective Juvenile (IJ) stages in the insect. No difference in the amount of emerging IJs from the cadaver was observed between the two strains. Compared to the nematode in symbiosis with the control strain, a significant increase in LT50 was observed during insect infestation with the nematode associated with the dam overexpressing strain. These results suggest that during the life cycle of P. luminescens, Dam is not involved the bacterial symbiosis with the nematode H. bacteriophora, but it contributes to the pathogenicity of the nemato-bacterial complex., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2019
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3. Selection of Bacterial Mutants in Late Infections: When Vector Transmission Trades Off against Growth Advantage in Stationary Phase

Author: Cambon, Marine, Parthuisot, Nathalie, Pages, Sylvie, Lanois, Anne, Givaudan, Alain, Ferdy, Jean-Baptiste, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: hôte, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Ecological and Evolutionary Science, Microbiology, Xenorhabdus, Biodiversity and Ecology, steinernema carpocapsae, Rhabditida, Animals, mutant, Selection, Genetic, diversité phénotypique, nématode, pouvoir pathogène, Microbiota, infection bactérienne, within-host evolution, transmission, Genetic Variation, Xenorhabdus nematophila, GASP, QR1-502, Insect Vectors, Biological Variation, Population, Mutation, xenorhabdus nematophilus, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, Research Article
Abstract: Pathogens can evolve inside their host, and the importance of this mutation-fueled process is increasingly recognized. A disease outcome may indeed depend in part on pathogen adaptations that emerge during infection. It is therefore important to document these adaptations and the conditions that drive them. In our study, we took advantage of the possibility to monitor within-host evolution in the insect pathogen X. nematophila. We demonstrated that selection occurring in aged infection favors lrp defective mutants, because these metabolic mutants benefit from a growth advantage in stationary phase (GASP). We also demonstrated that these mutants have reduced virulence and impaired transmission, modifying the infection outcome. Beyond the specific case of X. nematophila, we propose that metabolic mutants are to be found in other bacterial pathogens that stay for many generations inside their host., Bacterial infections are often composed of cells with distinct phenotypes that can be produced by genetic or epigenetic mechanisms. This phenotypic heterogeneity has proved to be important in many pathogens, because it can alter both pathogenicity and transmission. We studied how and why it can emerge during infection in the bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila, a pathogen that kills insects and multiplies in the cadaver before being transmitted by the soil nematode vector Steinernema carpocapsae. We found that phenotypic variants cluster in three groups, one of which is composed of lrp defective mutants. These mutants, together with variants of another group, have in common that they maintain high survival during late stationary phase. This probably explains why they increase in frequency: variants of X. nematophila with a growth advantage in stationary phase (GASP) are under strong positive selection both in prolonged culture and in late infections. We also found that the within-host advantage of these variants seems to trade off against transmission by nematode vectors: the variants that reach the highest load in insects are those that are the least transmitted.
Published: 2019
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4. Whole Genome DNA Methylation (Methylome) Analysis and Role of Dam DNA Methyltransferase in the life‐cycle of an Entomopathogenic Bacterium

Author: Payelleville, Amaury, Legrand, Ludovic, Lanois-NOURI, Anne, Pages, Sylvie, Ogier, Jean-Claude, Blackburn, Dana, Clarke, David J, Givaudan, Alain, Brillard, Julien, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Microbiology, University of Washington [Seattle], and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Biodiversity and Ecology, Biodiversité et Ecologie, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Background: DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism involved in the pathogenicity of severalmajor bacterial pathogens. It can decrease the affinity of some transcriptional regulators to theirbinding site, leading to sub‐populations expressing or not various genes, depending on the DNAmethylation state. Dam DNA methyltransferase is widespread in Gammaproteobacteria andmethylates the adenine of GATC sites.Objectives: The role of Dam was investigated in Photorhabdus luminescens during its symbiosis witha soil nematode and during its pathogenic stage in insects.Methods: SMRT sequencing (PacBio), which allows identification of the DNA methylation of thewhole genome (methylome), RNAseq and phenotypic analysis were performed in a P. luminescensstrain overexpressing Dam.Results: Dam overexpression caused a decrease in motility whereas it increased biofilm formation.While symbiosis ability of the Dam overexpressing strain was not significantly different from that of acontrol strain, the nemato‐bacterial complex displayed an impaired pathogenicity in insect, as alsoobserved after direct insect injection of the bacteria alone. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that theobserved phenotypes were related to differences at the transcriptional level. More than 99% of theGATC sites of the genome were found methylated and DNA methylation levels did not change overgrowth kinetics. However, the Dam‐overexpressing strain displayed more methylated GATC sitesthan the control and most of these sites were located in promoter regions. These sites may beinvolved in the observed differences in phenotypes and gene expression and provide
Published: 2019

5. DNA methylation and the Redox regulator OxyR: an epigenetic story in the entomopathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus ?

Author: Brillard, Julien, Ginibre Supersac, Nadège, Anamale, Carole, Payelleville, Amaury, Legrand, Ludovic, Givaudan, Alain, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: DNA methylation, Biodiversité et Ecologie, xenorhabdus, fungi, phenotypicheterogeneity, oxidative stress, gene regulation, entomopathogenic bacterium, entérobactérie, régulation génétique, Biodiversity and Ecology, épigénétique, regulator gene, bacteria, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, nématode
Abstract: Dam DNA methylation can modify the affinity of transcriptional regulators for their binding sitesand can therefore lead to the emergence of subpopulations, expressing or not some genes.Because these differential gene regulations can be transmitted to daughter cells, thisphenomenon is considered as an epigenetic mechanism.Xenorhabdus nematophila is an enterobacterium symbiotically associated to a soil nematodeand pathogenic for several insects. Its methylome analysis revealed that >99% of Adenines inGATC motifs of the genome are methylated. One of the rare unmethylated motifs is located in aputative OxyR-binding site in a promoter region. We constructed a Xenorhabdus oxyR mutant, and phenotypic analysis confirmed the role ofOxyR in adaptation to oxidative environments.We are now investigating if some genes are transcriptionally regulated by OxyR in a DNAmethylation-dependent manner.
Published: 2019

6. Whole genome DNA methylation (Methylome), transcriptomic and phenotypic analysis revealed involvement of Dam DNA methyltransferase in gene regulation in Photorhabdus luminescens

Author: Payelleville, Amaury, Legrand, Ludovic, Lanois-NOURI, Anne, Pages, Sylvie, Blackburn, Dana, Clarke, David J., Givaudan, Alain, Brillard, Julien, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Microbiology, University of Washington [Seattle], Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: DNA Methylation, gene regulation, pathogeny, Dam, phenotypic heterogeneity, analyse phénotypique, Biodiversité et Ecologie, entomopathogenic bacteria, génome, Biodiversity and Ecology, photorhabdus, épigénétique, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, méthylation, transcription, genome, bactérie entomopathogène
Abstract: Dam DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism as it can regulate genes expression by reducing the affinity of transcriptional regulators for their binding site (Casadesus and Low, 2006). This DamDNA methylation has been shown to be involved in pathogenicity and phenotypic heterogeneity of several bacteria (Casadesus and Low, 2013).Photorhabdus luminescens is an entomopathogenic bacteria switching from symbiosis, with a nematode, to pathogenicity, in the insect (Boemare et al., 1993). This bacterium displays phenotypic heterogeneity. Because a Dam MTase has been identified in its genome sequence, we investigated its role in the life-cycle of P. luminescens. Methylome analysis revealed that 99% of GATC sites in the genome are methylated in all tested growth conditions. Overexpressing Dam methylates most of the unmethylated sites and causes a decrease in motility and pathogenicity of the bacteria whereas it increases biofilms formation. It does not impair the bacterial ability to perform a mutualistic association with the nematode. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the observed phenotypes are related to differences at the transcriptional level.Coupling phenotypic, transcriptomic and methylomic analysis provides clues to identify genes transcriptionally regulated by DNA methylation and to understand Dam DNA methylation involvement in P. luminescens life-cycle.
Published: 2019

7. Prolonged culture and long lasting infections select for poorly transmitted bacterial variants

Author: cambon, marine, Parthuisot, Nathalie, Pages, Sylvie, Lanois-NOURI, Anne, Givaudan, Alain, Ferdy, Jean-Baptiste, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: stomatognathic diseases, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Prolonged culture and long lasting infections select for poorly transmitted bacterial variants. MicrobiOccitanie 2019- Rencontre des Microbiologistes Région Occitanie
Published: 2019

8. Spatiotemporal expression of the putative MdtABC efflux pump of Phtotorhabdus luminescens occurs in a protease-dependent manner during insect infection

Author: Abi Khattar, Ziad, Lanois, Anne, Hadchity, Linda, Gaudriault, Sophie, Givaudan, Alain, Laboratoryof Georesources, GeosciencesandEnvironment, Microbiologyteam, Faculty of Science 2, Lebanese University (Lebanese University), Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Montpellier [0836], National Council for Scientific Research - Lebanon (CNRS-L) [02-05-2016], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)
Subjects: Life Cycles, Luminescence, Transcription, Genetic, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension, Biochemistry, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Larvae, Fluorescence Microscopy, Nucleic Acids, Medicine and Health Sciences, Nematode Infections, Promoter Regions, Genetic, nématode, Microscopy, Physics, Electromagnetic Radiation, fusion transcriptionnelle, Eukaryota, Light Microscopy, symbiosis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Insects, Phenotype, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Photorhabdus, symbiose, Research Article, bacterial genes, Arthropoda, Science, gène bactérien, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, entérobactérie, Spodoptera, Research and Analysis Methods, Fluorescence, Biodiversity and Ecology, Bacterial Proteins, Operon, Genetics, Parasitic Diseases, Animals, mutant, Operons, Molecular Biology Techniques, Molecular Biology, photorhabdus luminescens, locusta migratoria, Gene Expression Profiling, fungi, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, DNA, Invertebrates, Mutation, transcriptional fusion, Genes, MDR, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Copper, Developmental Biology, Peptide Hydrolases
Abstract: Photorhabdus luminescens is an enterobacterium establishing a mutualistic symbiosis with nematodes, that also kills insects after septicaemia and connective tissue colonization. The role of the bacterial mdtABC genes encoding a putative multidrug efflux system from the resistance/nodulation/cell division family was investigated. We showed that a mdtA mutant and the wild type had similar levels of resistance to antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, metals, detergents and bile salts. The mdtA mutant was also as pathogenic as the wild-type following intrahaemocoel injection in Locusta migratoria, but had a slightly attenuated phenotype in Spodoptera littoralis. A transcriptional fusion of the mdtA promoter (P-mdtA) and the green fluorescent protein (gfp) encoding gene was induced by copper in bacteria cultured in vitro. The P-mdtA-gfp fusion was strongly induced within bacterial aggregates in the haematopoietic organ during late stages of infection in L. migratoria, whereas it was only weakly expressed in insect plasma throughout infection. A medium supplemented with haematopoietic organ extracts induced the P-mdtA-gfp fusion ex vivo, suggesting that site-specific mdtABC expression resulted from insect signals from the haematopoietic organ. Finally, we showed that protease inhibitors abolished ex vivo activity of the P-mdtA-gfp fusion in the presence of haematopoietic organ extracts, suggesting that proteolysis by-products play a key role in upregulating the putative MdtABC efflux pump during insect infection with P. luminescens.
Published: 2019
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9. Photorhabdus Dam methyltransferase overexpression impairs virulence of the nemato-bacterial complex in insects

Author: Marine Cambon, David Clarke, Dana Blackburn, Nadège Ginibre, Anne Lanois, Julien Brillard, Alain Givaudan, Sylvie Pagès, Amaury Payelleville, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Department of Microbiology, University College Cork (UCC), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, dam, biology, Strain (chemistry), 030306 microbiology, nematobacterial complex, Virulence, Heterorhabditis, biology.organism_classification, symbiosis, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Nematode, Symbiosis, Photorhabdus luminescens, DNA methylation, pathogenicity, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Photorhabdus, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Photorhabdus luminescensis an entomopathogenic bacterium found in symbiosis with the nematodeHeterorhabditis. Dam DNA methylation is involved in the pathogenicity of many bacteria, includingP. luminescens,whereas studies about the role of bacterial DNA methylation during symbiosis are scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Dam DNA methylation inP. luminescenssymbiosis withH. bacteriophora. We constructed a strain overexpressingdamby inserting an additional copy of thedamgene under the control of a constitutive promoter in the chromosome ofP. luminescensand then achieved association between this recombinant strain and nematodes. Thedamoverexpressing strain was able to feed the nematodein vitroandin vivosimilarly as a control strain, and to re-associate with Infective Juvenile (IJ) stages in the insect. No difference in the amount of emerging IJs from the cadaver was observed between the two strains. Compared to the nematode in symbiosis with the control strain, a significant increase in LT50was observed during insect infestation with the nematode associated with thedamoverexpressing strain. These results suggest that theP. luminescensDam plays a role in the pathogenicity of the nemato-bacterial complex.
Published: 2019
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10. Antibiose et antibiorésistance: tuer et ne pas être tué

Author: Alain Givaudan, Annabelle Mouammine, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Laval (CHUL), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: bactérie, épigénétique, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, bacterium, symbiose, symbiosis, photorhabdus luminescens, nématode
Abstract: Antibiose et antibiorésistance: tuer et ne pas être tué
Published: 2019

11. A functional msbB acyltransferase of Photorhabdus luminescens, required for secondary lipid a acylation in gram-negative bacteria, confers resistance to anti-microbial peptides

Author: Z. Abi Khattar, Alain Givaudan, Sophie Gaudriault, Department of biology, Faculty of sciences, section II, Lebanese University [Beirut], Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Gram-negative bacteria, Lipopolysaccharide, biology, génomique comparative, Mutant, lipid A acylation antimicrobial peptides, biology.organism_classification, Photorhabdus luminescens, Microbiology, Lipid A, Klebsiella pneumoniae, diversité des populations, chemistry.chemical_compound, genetique des populations, Biochemistry, chemistry, msbB gene, Acyltransferase, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bacterial outer membrane, Photorhabdus
Abstract: Lipid A is a potent endotoxin, and its fatty acids (lauric, myristic, and sometimes palmitic acid) anchors lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria. The highly anionic charge of the glucosamine lipid A moiety makes the LPS a powerful attractant for cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are major component of innate immunity that kill bacteria by permeabilization of lipid bilayers. Secondary lipid A acylation of Klebsiella pneumoniae, involving the acyltransferase LpxM (formally, msbB or WaaN) that acylates (KDO)2-(lauroyl)-lipid IV-A with myristate during lipid A biosynthesis, has been associated with bacterial resistance to AMPs contributing to virulence in animal models. We investigated here the role of the msbB gene of the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens in AMP resistance, by functional complementation of the AMP susceptible K. pneumoniae lpxM mutant with the P. luminescens msbB gene. We showed that msbB (lpxM) gene of P. luminescens is able to enhance polymyxin B, colistin and cecropin A resistance of K. pneumoniae lpxM mutant, compared to the non-complemented mutant. However, we could not obtain any msbB mutant of Photorhabdus by performing allelic exchange experiments based on positive selection of sucrose highly resistant mutants. We thus suggest that msbB-mediated Photorhabdus lipid A acylation is essential for outer membrane low-permeability and that modification of lipid A composition, fluidity and osmosis-resistance have an important role in the ability of Photorhabdus to grow in sucrose at high concentrations.
Published: 2016
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12. Evaluation des nématodes entomopathogènes et leurs bactéries symbiotiques pour lutter contre les taupins

Author: FRAYSSINET, Marie, Pages, Sylvie, Lawac, Floriane, Duvic, Bernard, Givaudan, Alain, Ogier, Jean-Claude, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: nématode entomopathogène, insect nematodes, bactérie symbiotique, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Evaluation des nématodes entomopathogènes et leurs bactéries symbiotiques pour lutter contre les taupins. Natural Products and Biocontrol et Journée Elicitra
Published: 2018

13. La collection de Nématodes Entomopathogènes : Ressources biologiques utilisables comme agents de Bio-contrôle

Author: Pages, Sylvie, Ogier, Jean-Claude, Hellequin, Manaël, Givaudan, Alain, Gaudriault, Sophie, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: nématode entomopathogène, insect nematodes, geographical distribution, diversité biologique, heterorhabditis, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, europe, steinernema, distribution géographique, méthode d'optimisation
Abstract: La collection de Nématodes Entomopathogènes : Ressources biologiques utilisables comme agents de Bio-contrôle. 3. International Congress Natural Products and Biocontrol
Published: 2018

14. DNA Adenine Methyltransferase (Dam) plays a role in Photorhabdus luminescens motility and virulence in insects

Author: Payelleville, Amaury, Givaudan, Alain, Lanois-NOURI, Anne, Legrand, Ludovic, Brillard, Julien, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: animal structures, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: DNA Adenine Methyltransferase (Dam) plays a role in Photorhabdus luminescens motility and virulence in insects. Congrès de la Société Française de Microbiologie (SFM)
Published: 2017

15. Dam overexpression increases biofilms formation but impairs motility and pathogenicity of Photorhabdus luminescens

Author: Payelleville, Amaury, Givaudan, Alain, Lanois-NOURI, Anne, Legrand, Ludovic, Brillard, Julien, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: stomatognathic diseases, animal structures, education, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Dam overexpression increases biofilms formation but impairs motility and pathogenicity of Photorhabdus luminescens. 7. congress of European Microbiologists FEMS 2017
Published: 2017

16. La place de l'individu bactérien dans les interactions tripartites entre Xenorhabdus/Photorhabdus, les nématodes et les insectes

Author: Alain Givaudan, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: photorhabdus, facteur de virulence, entomopathogenic bacteria, xenorhabdus, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, virulence factor, bactérie entomopathogène, nématode
Abstract: La place de l'individu bactérien dans les interactions tripartites entre [i]Xenorhabdus/Photorhabdus[/i], les nématodes et les insectes. Les Entomophagistes
Published: 2017

17. Ineluctable cheaters emergence in pathogens : the case of Xenorhabdus

Author: Ferdy, Jean-Baptiste, Perthuisot, Nathalie, Lanois-NOURI, Anne, Pages, Sylvie, Givaudan, Alain, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: connaissance taxinomique, xenorhabdus, bactérie symbiotique des nématodes, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, analyse phylogénétique, gestion des populations, nématode, expression des gènes
Abstract: Ineluctable cheaters emergence in pathogens : the case of [i]Xenorhabdus[/i]. Meeting 2017 LabEx TULIP
Published: 2017

18. Phenotypic switching in Xenorhabdus: some hints on how and why

Author: Ferdy, Jean-Baptiste, Parthuisot, Nathalie, Lanois-NOURI, Anne, Pages, Sylvie, Givaudan, Alain, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: connaissance taxinomique, BIBINE, xenorhabdus, phylogénie, bactérie symbiotique des nématodes, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, phylogeny, expression des gènes
Abstract: Phenotypic switching in Xenorhabdus: some hints on how and why. Réseau Ecologie des Interactions Durables (REID)
Published: 2017

19. DNA Adenine Methyltransferase (Dam) Overexpression Impairs Photorhabdus luminescens Motility and Virulence

Author: Amaury Payelleville, Anne Lanois, Marie Gislard, Emeric Dubois, David Roche, Stéphane Cruveiller, Alain Givaudan, Julien Brillard, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle - Montpellier GenomiX (IGF MGX), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-BioCampus (BCM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INRA Plant Health and Environment (SPE) division [SPE2015-65359], GAIA doctoral school [584], Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Biodiversité et Ecologie, entomopathogenic bacteria, fungi, lcsh:QR1-502, protéobactérie, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, flagellar genes, facteur de pathogénicité, Biodiversity and Ecology, MTase, entomopathogenic bacterium, insect, pathogenicity, RNA-seq, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, bactérie entomopathogène, reproductive and urinary physiology, Original Research, photorhabdus luminescens
Abstract: Dam, the most described bacterial DNA-methyltransferase, is widespread in gamma-proteobacteria. Dam DNA methylation can play a role in various genes expression and is involved in pathogenicity of several bacterial species. The purpose of this study was to determine the role played by the dam ortholog identified in the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens. Complementation assays of an Escherichia coli dam mutant showed the restoration of the DNA methylation state of the parental strain. Overexpression of dam in P. luminescens did not impair growth ability in vitro. In contrast, compared to a control strain harboring an empty plasmid, a significant decrease in motility was observed in the dam-overexpressing strain. A transcriptome analysis revealed the differential expression of 208 genes between the two strains. In particular, the downregulation of flagellar genes was observed in the dam-overexpressing strain. In the closely related bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila, dam overexpression also impaired motility. In addition, the dam-overexpressing P. luminescens strain showed a delayed virulence compared to that of the control strain after injection in larvae of the lepidopteran Spodoptera littoralis. These results reveal that Dam plays a major role during P. luminescens insect infection.
Published: 2017
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20. Comparative genomics in the entomopathogenic genera Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus: insight in the XaxAB binary cytolysin-encoding locus

Author: Bisch, Gaelle, Ogier, Jean-Claude, Pages, Sylvie, Lanois-NOURI, Anne, Givaudan, Alain, Gaudriault, Sophie, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: animal structures, génomique comparative, fungi, xenorhabdus nematophilus, phylogénie, bacteria, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, phylogeny, steinernema, nématode
Abstract: Comparative genomics in the entomopathogenic genera [i]Xenorhabdus[/i] and [i]Photorhabdus[/i]: insight in the XaxAB binary cytolysin-encoding locus. 49. Annual Meeting of the Society for Invertebrate Pathology
Published: 2016

21. Comparative Genomics between Two Xenorhabdus bovienii Strains Highlights Differential Evolutionary Scenarios within an Entomopathogenic Bacterial Species

Author: Zoé Rouy, Stéphanie Vincent, Claudine Médigue, Alain Givaudan, Sophie Gaudriault, Patrick Tailliez, Gaëlle Bisch, Jean-Claude Ogier, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Analyse Bio-Informatique pour la Génomique et le Métabolisme (LABGeM), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Gaudriault, Sophie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), UMR DIGMI, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, virulent strain, entomopathogenic bacteria, insect, nematode, competitor inhibition, virulence, activité anti-microbienne, Nematoda, Genetic Speciation, Biodiversité et Ecologie, insecte auxiliaire, Pseudogene, 030106 microbiology, Virulence, Xenorhabdus, Biology, Genome, Biodiversity and Ecology, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Nonribosomal peptide, Genetics, Animals, symbiote, Genome size, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Comparative genomics, chemistry.chemical_classification, Host (biology), Ecology, fungi, biology.organism_classification, souche virulente, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Genome, Bacterial, Pseudogenes, Research Article
Abstract: Bacteria of the genus Xenorhabdus are symbionts of soil entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus Steinernema. This symbiotic association constitutes an insecticidal complex active against a wide range of insect pests. Within Xenorhabdus bovienii species, the X. bovienii CS03 strain (Xb CS03) is nonvirulent when directly injected into lepidopteran insects, and displays a low virulence when associated with its Steinernema symbiont. The genome of Xb CS03 was sequenced and compared with the genome of a virulent strain, X. bovienii SS-2004 (Xb SS-2004). The genome size and content widely differed between the two strains. Indeed, Xb CS03 had a large genome containing several specific loci involved in the inhibition of competitors, including a few NRPS-PKS loci (nonribosomal peptide synthetases and polyketide synthases) producing antimicrobial molecules. Consistently, Xb CS03 had a greater antimicrobial activity than Xb SS-2004. The Xb CS03 strain contained more pseudogenes than Xb SS-2004. Decay of genes involved in the host invasion and exploitation (toxins, invasins, or extracellular enzymes) was particularly important in Xb CS03. This may provide an explanation for the nonvirulence of the strain when injected into an insect host. We suggest that Xb CS03 and Xb SS-2004 followed divergent evolutionary scenarios to cope with their peculiar life cycle. The fitness strategy of Xb CS03 would involve competitor inhibition, whereas Xb SS-2004 would quickly and efficiently kill the insect host. Hence, Xenorhabdus strains would have widely divergent host exploitation strategies, which impact their genome structure.
Published: 2016
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22. A New Member of the Growing Family of Contact-Dependent Growth Inhibition Systems in Xenorhabdus doucetiae

Author: Jean-Claude Ogier, Alain Givaudan, Sophie Gaudriault, Anne Lanois, Bernard Duvic, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ogier, Jean-Claude, and Gaudriault, Sophie
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Insecta, Nematoda, Hydrolases, Biodiversité et Ecologie, xenorhabdus, lcsh:Medicine, Xenorhabdus, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Database and Informatics Methods, Invertebrate Genomics, Medicine and Health Sciences, lcsh:Science, Phylogeny, Multidisciplinary, Deoxyribonucleases, biology, Contact Inhibition, Escherichia coli Proteins, Phylogenetic Analysis, Genomics, Genomic Databases, Enzymes, Insects, nématode entomopathogène, insect nematodes, Growth inhibition, Bacterial outer membrane, Sequence Analysis, Research Article, Arthropoda, Nucleases, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Bacterial Toxins, Locus (genetics), entérobactérie, Research and Analysis Methods, steinernema, Microbiology, Biodiversity and Ecology, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, Sequence Motif Analysis, DNA-binding proteins, medicine, Genetics, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Biology Techniques, Sequencing Techniques, Symbiosis, génomique des populations, Gene, Xenorhabdus doucetiae, Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Assays and Analysis Techniques, lcsh:R, fungi, Organisms, Immunity, Biology and Life Sciences, Computational Biology, Proteins, Membrane Proteins, biology.organism_classification, Genome Analysis, Invertebrates, 030104 developmental biology, Biological Databases, chemistry, Genetic Loci, Animal Genomics, Enzymology, arbre phylogénétique, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bacteria
Abstract: Xenorhabdus is a bacterial symbiont of entomopathogenic Steinernema nematodes and is pathogenic for insects. Its life cycle involves a stage inside the insect cadaver, in which it competes for environmental resources with microorganisms from soil and the insect gut. Xenorhabdus is, thus, a useful model for identifying new interbacterial competition systems. For the first time, in an entomopathogenic bacterium, Xenorhabdus doucetiae strain FRM16, we identified a cdi-like locus. The cdi loci encode contact-dependent inhibition (CDI) systems composed of proteins from the two-partner secretion (TPS) family. CdiB is the outer membrane protein and CdiA is the toxic exoprotein. An immunity protein, CdiI, protects bacteria against inhibition. We describe here the growth inhibition effect of the toxic C-terminus of CdiA from X. doucetiae FRM16, CdiA-CTFRM16, following its production in closely and distantly related enterobacterial species. CdiA-CTFRM16 displayed Mg2+-dependent DNase activity, in vitro. CdiA-CT (FRM16)-mediated growth inhibition was specifically neutralized by CdiI(FRM16). Moreover, the cdi(FRM16) locus encodes an ortholog of toxin-activating proteins C that we named CdiC(FRM16). In addition to E. coli, the cdiBCAI-type locus was found to be widespread in environmental bacteria interacting with insects, plants, rhizospheres and soils. Phylogenetic tree comparisons for CdiB, CdiA and CdiC suggested that the genes encoding these proteins had co-evolved. By contrast, the considerable variability of CdiI protein sequences suggests that the cdiI gene is an independent evolutionary unit. These findings further characterize the sparsely described cdiBCAI-type locus.
Published: 2016
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23. Flagellar regulation and virulence in the Entomopathogenic Bacteria-Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus luminescens

Author: Alain Givaudan, Anne Lanois, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Ffrench constant
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Genetics, biology, entomopathogenic bacteria, 030106 microbiology, fungi, Virulence, Swarming motility, Xenorhabdus, Flagellum, biology.organism_classification, Type three secretion system, biodiversité, virulence, 03 medical and health sciences, Regulon, motility, Photorhabdus luminescens, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Photorhabdus, bactérie entomopathogène, nématode
Abstract: There is a complex interplay between the regulation of flagellar motility and the expression of virulence factors in many bacterial pathogens. Here, we review the literature on the direct and indirect roles of flagellar motility in mediating the tripartite interaction between entomopathogenic bacteria (Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus), their nematode hosts, and their insect targets. First, we describe the swimming and swarming motility of insect pathogenic bacteria and its impact on insect colonization. Then, we describe the coupling between the expression of flagellar and virulence genes and the dynamic of expression of the flagellar regulon during invertebrate infection. We show that the flagellar type 3 secretion system (T3SS) is also an export apparatus for virulence proteins in X. nematophila. Finally, we demonstrate that phenotypic variation, a common property of the bacterial symbionts of nematodes, also alters flagellar motility in Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus. Finally, the so-called phenotypic heterogeneity phenomenon in the flagellar gene expression network will be also discussed. As the main molecular studies were performed in X. nematophila, future perspectives for the study of the interplay between flagellum and invertebrate interactions in Photorhabdus will be discussed.
Published: 2016
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24. Pathology survey and comparative genomics in the bacterial insect pathogen Xenorhabdus

Author: Gaudriault, Sophie, Bisch, Gaëlle, Ogier, Jean-Claude, Pages, Sylvie, Duvic, Bernard, Tailliez, Patrick, Givaudan, Alain, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: fungi, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: National audience; Genus Xenorhabdus (Enterobacteriaceae) consists of bacterial symbionts of soil entomopathogenic nematodes belonging to the genus Steinernema. The symbiotic association represents an insecticidal complex against a wide range of insect pests. Xenorhabdus is also considered as an entomopathogenic bacterium since it kills insects when it is directly injected into insect hemolymph. In the genus Xenorhabdus, only mutants defective for global regulators were totally impaired in virulence, suggesting that weapons of virulence are multiple and redundant (1). We initiated a global approach to identify integrated functions involved in bacterial adaptation to insects and to describe evolutionary history of the virulence/host adaptation factors in Xenorhabdus. We conducted a thorough comparative analysis of several Xenorhabdus strains by undergoing a pathology survey of our Xenorhabdus collection and by sequencing genomes of strains of interest in order to carry out comparative genomics. We identified strains that are non virulent by injection into two lepidopteran model insects, Galleria mellonella (sensitive insect), Spodoptera littoralis (resistant insect). We showed that Xenorhabdus genomes present an important flexible genome (40-50% of the whole genome), organized in functional genomic modules that undergo shuffling (2). We then focused our genomic analysis on two Xenorhabdus species. In Xenorhabdus poinarii, all the strains are attenuated in virulence and display genome reduction (3). In Xenorhabdus bovienii, one non-virulent strain display a genomic expansion and pseudogenization of of some virulence gene (4). We proposed several evolutionary scenarios that may explain the non-virulence of these bacterial strains. References : (1) Nielsen-LeRoux et al. (2012). Curr Opin Microbiol 15: 220–231. (2) Ogier J-C, et al. (2010). BMC Genomics 11: 568. (3) Ogier J-C, et al. (2014). Genome Biol Evol 6: 1495–1513. (4) Bisch G, et al. (2014). J Invertebr Pathol. 124: 15–22.
Published: 2015

25. Utilisation des nématodes en lutte biologique

Author: Givaudan, Alain, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Utilisation des nématodes en lutte biologique. Les cercles Innovation Qualiméditerranée: INTRANTS ALTERNATIFS : EXTRAITS NATURELS ET MICRO-ORGANISMES
Published: 2014

26. PM1072 - Bistability and antimicrobial peptide resista nce in the entomopathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus

Author: Alain Givaudan, Anne Lanois-Nouri, Annabelle Mouammine, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: animal structures, education, social sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, health care economics and organizations
Abstract: PM1072 - Bistability and antimicrobial peptide resista nce in the entomopathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus. International Union of Microbiological Societies Congresses - IUMS2014
Published: 2014

27. Adaptation strategies of soil biodiversity (earthworms) to pesticides: From physiological changes to soil ecological implications

Author: Givaudan, Nicolas, Binet, Françoise, Renault, David, Lebot, Benoît, Llopis, Stéphanie, Pallois, Frédérique, Wiegand, Claudia, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Briand, Valerie
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

28. Bistability and antimicrobial peptide resistance in the entomopathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus

Author: Alain Givaudan, Annabelle Mouammine, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Bistability and antimicrobial peptide resistance in the entomopathogenic bacteria [i]Photorhabdus[/i]. 5. Journée du Réseau thématique transversal « INTERACTION MICRO-ORGANISMES HOTES (IMH)»
Published: 2014

29. Draft Genome Sequence and Annotation of the Entomopathogenic Bacterium Xenorhabdus szentirmaii Strain DSM16338

Author: Sophie Gaudriault, Alain Givaudan, Jean-Claude Ogier, Sylvie Pages, Maxime Gualtieri, Nosopharm, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Biodiversité et Ecologie, xenorhabdus, Xenorhabdus, lutte biologique, entérobactérie, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Biodiversity and Ecology, Annotation, Genetics, medicine, Prokaryotes, génomique des populations, Molecular Biology, Whole genome sequencing, Strain (biology), Steinernema rarum, fungi, Entomopathogenic nematode, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, symbiosis, Agricultural sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, symbiose, Xenorhabdus szentirmaii, Bacteria, Sciences agricoles
Abstract: We report the genome sequence of Xenorhabdus szentirmaii DSM16338 (4.84 Mb), a symbiont of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema rarum . This strain produces antimicrobial activity.
Published: 2014
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30. Combinatorial effect of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki and Photorhabdus luminescens against Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author: Benfarhat-Touzri, Dalel, Amira, Amal Ben, Khedher, Saoussen Ben, Givaudan, Alain, Jaoua, Samir, Tounsi, Slim, Biopesticides Team (LPIP), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biological and Environmental Sciences Department, College of Arts and Sciences, and Qatar University
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins, Toxicity, bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki, fungi, Bacillus thuringiensis, spodoptera littoralis, Toxicit, lutte biologique, entérobactérie, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera, Photorhabdus luminescens, Survival Analysis, Endotoxins, Hemolysin Proteins, Bacterial Proteins, Animals, Biological Assay, Cry toxins, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Photorhabdus, génomique des populations, photorhabdus luminescens
Abstract: Spodoptera littoralis, one of the major pests of many important crop plants, is more susceptible to Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai delta-endotoxins than to those of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki. Within the framework of the development of efficient bioinsecticides and the prevention against insect resistance, we tested the effect of mixing B. thuringiensis kurstaki delta-endotoxins and Photorhabdus luminescens cells on S. littoralis growth. The obtained results showed that the growth inhibition of this insect was more effective when B. thuringiensis kurstaki spore-crystal mixture and Photorhabdus luminescens cells were used in combination. Furthermore, this synergism is mainly due to the presence of Cry1Ac, which is one of the three delta-endotoxins that form the crystal of B. thuringiensis kurstaki strain BNS3 in addition to Cry1Aa and Cry2Aa. This work shows a possibility to use B. thuringiensis as a delivery means for Photorhabdus bacteria in order to infect the insect hemocoel and to reduce the risk of developing resistance in the target organism.
Published: 2014
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31. Putative toxins from the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens kill Armadillidium vulgare (Terrestrial isopod)

Author: Christine Braquart-Varnier, Sophie Gaudriault, Catherine Debenest, Mathieu Sicard, Sylvie Pages, Alain Givaudan, Anne Lanois, Maryline Raimond, Ecologie, Evolution, Symbiose (EES), Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Ecologie microbienne des insectes et interactions hôte-pathogène (EMIP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Armadillidium vulgare, biology, hemocyte, Host (biology), Toxin, fungi, Wild type, toxins, Xenorhabdus, terrestrial isopods, supernatant, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Insect Science, Photorhabdus luminescens, medicine, pathogenicity, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Photorhabdus, Agronomy and Crop Science, Bacteria
Abstract: International audience; Terrestrial isopods can be killed by some entomopathogenic bacteria among Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus species even with no or very limited multiplication. This suggests that toxemia and not septicemia is the major cause of entomopathogenic bacteria pathogenicity against these crustaceans. In this paper, we revealed that the injection of stationary phase culture supernatant of P. luminescens TT01, in which toxins can be accumulated, led alone to a rapid decrease in the number of host immune cells and killed most of the Armadillidium vulgare individuals within 48 h. The pathogenicity was strongly attenuated when supernatant was heated and totally suppressed after 100-kDa filtration suggesting that the toxin responsible for killing A. vulgare would be a protein above this size. Additionally, we tested the culture supernatant of two TT01 mutants that have been previously shown as being altered in their pathogenicity against lepidopteran insects one of them being known as exhibiting lower expression of some toxins. However, the supernatants of the mutants was as pathogenic for A. vulgare as the wild type strains suggesting that the toxins involved in killing A. vulgare may be different than previously described ones.
Published: 2014
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32. Phenotypic Noise in Entomopathogenic Bacterial Endosymbionts Xenorhabdus

Author: Alain Givaudan, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: fungi, bacteria, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Phenotypic Noise in Entomopathogenic Bacterial Endosymbionts Xenorhabdus. Epigenetic variations in populations
Published: 2013

33. Approches in silico et métagénomique pour caractériser le role du microbiome associé aux nematodes entomopathogènes

Author: Ogier, Jean-Claude, Pages, Sylvie, FRAYSSINET, Marie, Esteves, Kevin, Jumas-Bilak, Estelle, Givaudan, Alain, Tailliez, Patrick, Gaudriault, Sophie, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: écologie microbienne, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, microbial ecology, nématode, biodiversité
Abstract: Approches in silico et métagénomique pour caractériser le role du microbiome associé aux nematodes entomopathogènes. Colloque de Génomique Environnementale Rennes 2013
Published: 2013

34. Caractérisation moléculaire du microbiome bactérien associé aux nématodes entomopathogènes

Author: Ogier, Jean-Claude, Pages, Sylvie, Thaler, Olivier, FRAYSSINET, Marie, Jumas-Bilak, Estelle, Esteves, Kevin, Givaudan, Alain, Tailliez, Patrick, Gaudriault, Sophie, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)
Subjects: [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: Les nématodes des genres Heterorhabditis et Steinernema sont des pathogènes d’insectes vivants dans les sols et sont commercialisés comme bio-insecticides pour lutter contre certains ravageurs de culture. Les stades infestants (IJs) vivent à l’état libre dans le sol et transportent en symbiose dans leur tube digestif des entérobactéries des genres Xenorhabdus et Photorhabdus qui seront ensuite libérées dans les insectes parasités. Il s’agit d’associations très spécifiques, puisque chaque espèce de nématode est généralement associée à une espèce unique de bactéries. Les bactéries symbiotiques sont capables de secréter un très grand nombre de toxines insecticides, de molécules permettant de neutraliser les défenses de l’insecte, de molécules antibiotiques et d’enzymes de dégradation. Les nématodes utilisent ainsi leurs symbiontes bactériens comme armes pour tuer l’insecte, pour éliminer les autres micro-organismes sensibles à leurs antimicrobiens et convertir la dépouille en sources nutritives qui leur permettront de se développer et de se multiplier. Lorsque les ressources sont épuisées, les nématodes se réassocient à leurs bactéries et quittent la dépouille de l’insecte à la recherche de nouvelles proies.Si le cycle biologique des nématodes et le rôle joué par les symbiontes lors du processus infectieux sont bien documentés, peu de choses sont connues sur l’écosystème microbien transporté par les larves infestantes du nématode. Il a été montré que des bactéries appartenant à des genres très variés (Acinetobacter, Ochrobactrum, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, etc…) étaient régulièrement associées à des nématodes entomopathogènes (1, 2). Nous nous intéressons au rôle de ce microbiome dans le processus infectieux du couple bactério-helminthique, en combinant des approches de comparaison génomique in silico et des approches de métagénomiques descriptives et fonctionnelles. L’analyse de génomique comparative met en évidence que les bactéries Xenorhabdus et Photorhabdus peuvent partager de nombreux gènes de leur génome accessoire avec des bactéries de l’environnement (sol et plantes), ce qui suggère des transferts génétiques horizontaux fréquents dans une niche écologique d’espace restreint (nématode ou cadavre de l’insecte). Les premiers résultats obtenus en PCR-TTGE ciblant l’ADNr 16S révèle la présence d’un cortège bactérien inter-cuticulaire stable chez certains nématodes. Ces données préliminaires nous permettront d’engager un programme de séquençage à haut débit afin d’identifier en profondeur ce microbiome. A moyen terme, ce projet devrait nous permettre de caractériser le pathobiome des nématodes entomopathogènes et mieux caractériser le rôle de l’holobionte (macroorganisme et son cortège de microorganismes) dans le processus infectieux des nématodes entomopathogènes.(1) Gouge DH & Snyder JL (2006). Temporal association of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) and bacteria. J. Invertebrate Pathology 91: 147–157.(2) Babic I, Fischer-Le Saux M, Giraud E, Boemare N (2000). Occurrence of natural dixenic associations between the symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens and bacteria related to Ochrobactrum spp. in tropical entomopathogenic Heterorhabditis spp. (Nematoda, Rhabditida). Microbiology 146:709–718.
Published: 2013

35. Pathology survey and comparative genomics in the bacterial insect pathogen Xenorhabdus

Author: Gaudriault, Sophie, Ogier, Jean-Claude, Pages, Sylvie, Bisch, Gaelle, Ginibre, Nadege, Lanois, Anne, Tailliez, Patrick, Givaudan, Alain, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, entomopathogenic bacteria, xenorhabdus, education, fungi, entérobactérie, lutte biologique, symbiosis, biodiversité, stomatognathic diseases, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, symbiose, génomique des populations, bactérie entomopathogène, health care economics and organizations
Abstract: Pathology survey and comparative genomics in the bacterial insect pathogen Xenorhabdus . 5. Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS 2013)
Published: 2013

36. Genomic comparison within Xenorhabdus bovienii species: the avirulent strain X. bovienii CS03 is characterized by its pseudogene content

Author: Bisch, Gaelle, Ogier, Jean-Claude, Pages, Sylvie, EL Hajj, Roba, Médigue, Claudine, Rouy, Zoé, Vincent, Stéphanie, Tailliez, Patrick, Givaudan, Alain, Gaudriault, Sophie, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Analyse Bio-Informatique pour la Génomique et le Métabolisme (LABGeM), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, entomopathogenic bacteria, xenorhabdus, lutte biologique, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, génomique des populations, bactérie entomopathogène
Abstract: Genomic comparison within Xenorhabdus bovienii species: the avirulent strain X. bovienii CS03 is characterized by its pseudogene content. 5. Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS 2013)
Published: 2013

37. Genomic comparison within Xenorhabdus genus: X. poinarii species characterized by a small genome and attenuated virulence toward insects

Author: Ogier, Jean-Claude, Pages, Sylvie, Bisch, Gaelle, Carrere, Sebastien, Chiapello, Helene, Médigue, Claudine, Rouy, Zoé, Teyssier, Corinne, Vincent, Stéphanie, Tailliez, Patrick, Givaudan, Alain, Gaudriault, Sophie, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Analyse Bio-Informatique pour la Génomique et le Métabolisme (LABGeM), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, xenorhabdus, fungi, lutte biologique, entérobactérie, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, symbiose, génomique des populations, symbiosis
Abstract: Genomic comparison within Xenorhabdus genus: X. poinarii species characterized by a small genome and attenuated virulence toward insects . 5. Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS 2013)
Published: 2013

38. Draft genome sequence and annotation of the entomopathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila strain F1

Author: Jean-Claude Ogier, Sophie Gaudriault, Zoé Rouy, Anne Lanois, Christine Laroui, Alain Givaudan, Jérôme Gouzy, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Analyse Bio-Informatique pour la Génomique et le Métabolisme (LABGeM), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)
Subjects: entomopathogenic bacteria, xenorhabdus, Xenorhabdus, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Genetics, Prokaryotes, Molecular Biology, bactérie entomopathogène, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Whole genome sequencing, 0303 health sciences, Xenorhabdus nematophila, biology, 030306 microbiology, Strain (biology), fungi, Entomopathogenic nematode, biology.organism_classification, symbiosis, adn génomique, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, symbiose, Steinernema carpocapsae, Bacteria, bases de données phytoécologiques
Abstract: We report the 4.3-Mb genome sequence of Xenorhabdus nematophila strain F1, a Gram-negative bacterium that is a symbiont of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae and pathogenic by direct injection for a wide variety of insects.
Published: 2013
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39. Impact of Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms on Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis): Experimental Study and In Situ Observations in a Peri-Alpine Lake

Author: Orlane Anneville, François Crespeau, Hélène Huet, Nicolas Givaudan, Isabelle Domaizon, Alain Devaux, Sylvie Bony, Jean Guillard, Benoît Sotton, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Impacts des Polluants sur les Écosystèmes, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA), Équipe 5 - Impacts des Polluants sur les Écosystèmes, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, In situ, lcsh:Medicine, Limnetic Ecology, Marine and Aquatic Sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, Ecotoxicologie, Ecotoxicology, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Daphnia, Epilimnion, Limnology, lcsh:Science, Milieux et Changements globaux, Glutathione Transferase, chemistry.chemical_classification, Freshwater Ecology, education.field_of_study, Perch, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, Muscles, perche, cyanobactérie, lac péri alpin, Trophic Interactions, Community Ecology, Liver, France, Seasons, Limnetic Ecosystem, Bloom, Ichthyology, Research Article, Freshwater Environments, Microcystins, Population, Toxic Agents, Marine Biology, Microcystin, Cyanobacteria, Ecosystems, Animals, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, education, Biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:R, biology.organism_classification, Species Interactions, Lakes, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Perches, Earth Sciences, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Zoology, Ecological Environments, DNA Damage
Abstract: International audience; Due to the importance of young-of-the-year (YOY) perch in the peri-alpine regions where they are consumed, the microcystin (MC) contamination of YOY perch was analysed both in field (Lake Bourget, France) and experimentally using force-feeding protocols with pure MCs. In-situ, schools of YOY perch present in the epilimnion of the lake were never found in direct contact with the P. rubescens blooms that were present in the metalimnion. However, MCs were detected in the muscles and liver of the fish and were thus assumed to reach YOY perch through dietary routes, particularly via the consumption of MC-containing Daphnia. Force-feeding experiment demonstrates the existence of MC detoxification/ excretion processes and suggests that in situ, YOY perch could partly detoxify and excrete ingested MCs, thereby limiting the potential negative effects on perch populations under bloom conditions. However, because of chronic exposure these processes could not allow for the complete elimination of MCs. In both experimental and in situ studies, no histological change was observed in YOY perch, indicating that MC concentrations that occurred in Lake Bourget in 2009 were too low to cause histological damage prone to induce mortality. However, Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damages were observed for both the high and low experimental MC doses, suggesting that similar effects could occur in situ and potentially result in perch population disturbance during cyanobacterial blooms. Our results indicate the presence of MCs in wild perch, the consumption of this species coming from Lake Bourget is not contested but more analyses are needed to quantify the risk.
Published: 2013
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40. FliZ is a global regulatory protein affecting the expression of flagellar and virulence genes in individual Xenorhabdus nematophila bacterial cells

Author: Grégory Jubelin, Alain Givaudan, Stéphanie Rialle, Anne Lanois, Cyrille Longin, Sophie Gaudriault, Dany Severac, Unité de Microbiologie (MIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle - Montpellier GenomiX (IGF MGX), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Analyse Bio-Informatique pour la Génomique et le Métabolisme (LABGeM), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé - Clermont Auvergne (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-INRA Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé (MEDIS), INRA Clermont-Ferrand-Theix-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), INRA Clermont-Ferrand-Theix-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cancer Research, Insecta, Operon, Biodiversité et Ecologie, xenorhabdus, Xenorhabdus, lutte biologique, biodiversité, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Genetics (clinical), Regulation of gene expression, bactérie, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Virulence, Biologie du développement, Flow Cytometry, Phenotype, Development Biology, Cell biology, DNA-Binding Proteins, Flagella, protéine, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Single-Cell Analysis, Research Article, lcsh:QH426-470, Population, Regulon, Microbiology, Biodiversity and Ecology, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Genetics, Animals, Humans, education, génomique des populations, Molecular Biology, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 030306 microbiology, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, biology.organism_classification, lcsh:Genetics, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Heterogeneity in the expression of various bacterial genes has been shown to result in the presence of individuals with different phenotypes within clonal bacterial populations. The genes specifying motility and flagellar functions are coordinately regulated and form a complex regulon, the flagellar regulon. Complex interplay has recently been demonstrated in the regulation of flagellar and virulence gene expression in many bacterial pathogens. We show here that FliZ, a DNA-binding protein, plays a key role in the insect pathogen, Xenorhabdus nematophila, affecting not only hemolysin production and virulence in insects, but efficient swimming motility. RNA-Seq analysis identified FliZ as a global regulatory protein controlling the expression of 278 Xenorhabdus genes either directly or indirectly. FliZ is required for the efficient expression of all flagellar genes, probably through its positive feedback loop, which controls expression of the flhDC operon, the master regulator of the flagellar circuit. FliZ also up- or downregulates the expression of numerous genes encoding non-flagellar proteins potentially involved in key steps of the Xenorhabdus lifecycle. Single-cell analysis revealed the bimodal expression of six identified markers of the FliZ regulon during exponential growth of the bacterial population. In addition, a combination of fluorescence-activated cell sorting and RT-qPCR quantification showed that this bimodality generated a mixed population of cells either expressing (“ON state”) or not expressing (“OFF state”) FliZ-dependent genes. Moreover, studies of a bacterial population exposed to a graded series of FliZ concentrations showed that FliZ functioned as a rheostat, controlling the rate of transition between the “OFF” and “ON” states in individuals. FliZ thus plays a key role in cell fate decisions, by transiently creating individuals with different potentials for motility and host interactions., Author Summary Heterogeneity in the expression of bacterial genes may result in the presence of cells with different phenotypes in an isogenic population. The existence of such “non-genetic individuality” was the first described many years ago for the flagellum-driven swimming behavior of bacteria. In this study, we identified a new bimodal switch controlling the expression of genes involved in flagellum biosynthesis and host interactions in the insect pathogen Xenorhabdus nematophila. This switch is modulated by a transcriptional regulator called FliZ. In addition to identifying all the specific genes up- and downregulated by FliZ, we showed that the concentration of FliZ fine-tuned the expression of FliZ target genes, resulting in individuals with different potentials for bacterial locomotion, host colonization and virulence.
Published: 2013
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41. La protéine FliZ de Xenorhabdus nematophila : un régulateur pléiotropique

Author: Lanois, Anne, Gaudriault, Sophie, Jubelin, Grégory, Gouzy, Jerome, Severac, Dany, Rialle, Stéphanie, Longin, Cyrille, Givaudan, Alain, Diversité, Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Unité de Microbiologie (MIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle - Montpellier GenomiX (IGF MGX), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

42. Short-term uptake of microcystin-LR by Coregonus lavaretus: GST activity and genotoxicity

Author: Nicolas Givaudan, Benoît Sotton, Orlane Anneville, Sylvie Bony, Alain Devaux, Jean Guillard, Isabelle Domaizon, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Équipe 5 - Impacts des Polluants sur les Écosystèmes, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Région Rhône-Alpes, Office National de l’Eau et des Milieux Aquatiques, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Impacts des Polluants sur les Écosystèmes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Erythrocytes, Microcystins, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Microcystin-LR, Context (language use), Microcystin, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Biology, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, Cyanobacteria, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Animals, GST, Glutathione Transferase, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Mutagenicity Tests, Muscles, General Medicine, Glutathione, Molecular biology, Comet assay, Oxidative Stress, Liver, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Coregonids, Marine Toxins, Genotoxicity, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Detoxification, Marine toxin, Salmonidae, Oxidative stress, DNA Damage
Abstract: International audience; In the present study, juvenile whitefish weighing 2 g were exposed by force-feeding to two ecologically relevant doses (0.05 and 0.5 mu g per fish) of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Then over 96 h the MC uptake in fish liver and muscle was measured, as the activity of the detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the liver, and the genotoxicity impact on red blood cells. Results show that (1) the MC-LR equivalent concentrations increased for both doses and in both organs of whitefish with approximately threefold lower concentrations for the low dose compared to the high dose in both organs and threefold lower concentrations in the muscle compared to the liver for each dose (2) the liver GST activity increased during the first 48 h of exposure with fivefold higher GST activity for the highest dose at 48 h compared to control and (3) MC-LR leads to deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks that were detected by the comet assay and shown to be partially repaired. This work demonstrates that European whitefish could be impacted by cyanobacteria toxins due to rapid microcystin uptake, especially in the context of chronic contamination, which can occur during long bloom episodes.
Published: 2012
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43. Nemaucin, a new antifungal compound, produced the entomopathogenic Xenorhabdus cabanillasii

Author: Givaudan, Alain, Gualtieri, Maxime, Villain-Guillot, Philippe, Pages, Sylvie, Diversité, Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), and Nosopharm
Subjects: Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Biodiversité et Ecologie, xenorhabdus, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, génomique des populations, symbiose, Sciences agricoles, Agricultural sciences, biodiversité
Published: 2012

44. Study of expression heterogeneity of flagellar genes in an insect pathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus using single cell technologies

Author: Lanois, Anne, Jubelin, Grégory, Pages, Sylvie, Givaudan, Alain, Diversité, Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Unité de Microbiologie (MIC), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Biodiversity and Ecology, Biodiversité et Ecologie, xenorhabdus nematophilus, spodoptera, lutte biologique, fluorescence, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, expression du génome, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biodiversité
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2011

45. Units of plasticity in bacterial genomes: new insight from the comparative genomics of two bacteria interacting with invertebrates, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus

Author: Patrick Tailliez, Robert Zumbihl, Alain Givaudan, Alexandra Calteau, Sophie Gaudriault, Jean-Claude Ogier, Steve Forst, Heidi Goodrich-Blair, Garret Suen, David Roche, Claudine Médigue, Zoé Rouy, Diversité, Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Department of Bacteriology, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Ecologie microbienne des insectes et interactions hôte-pathogène (EMIP)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Time Factors, Biodiversité et Ecologie, GENOMIQUE, INSECTE, RGPs, RGPFinder, xenorhabdus, Xenorhabdus, Genome, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Genomic island, invertébré, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Sequence Deletion, nématode, Gene Rearrangement, bactérie, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chromosome Mapping, Genomics, Chromosomes, Bacterial, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Female, bactérie pathogène, Photorhabdus, Research Article, Biotechnology, lcsh:QH426-470, lcsh:Biotechnology, Bacterial genome size, Synteny, Bacterial genetics, Evolution, Molecular, Biodiversity and Ecology, photorhabdus, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Animals, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Comparative genomics, 030306 microbiology, génome, plasticité, Genetic Variation, biology.organism_classification, Invertebrates, lcsh:Genetics, Genes, Bacterial, Genetic Loci, Evolutionary biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Genome, Bacterial
Abstract: Background Flexible genomes facilitate bacterial evolution and are classically organized into polymorphic strain-specific segments called regions of genomic plasticity (RGPs). Using a new web tool, RGPFinder, we investigated plasticity units in bacterial genomes, by exhaustive description of the RGPs in two Photorhabdus and two Xenorhabdus strains, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae and interacting with invertebrates (insects and nematodes). Results RGPs account for about 60% of the genome in each of the four genomes studied. We classified RGPs into genomic islands (GIs), prophages and two new classes of RGP without the features of classical mobile genetic elements (MGEs) but harboring genes encoding enzymes catalyzing DNA recombination (RGPmob), or with no remarkable feature (RGPnone). These new classes accounted for most of the RGPs and are probably hypervariable regions, ancient MGEs with degraded mobilization machinery or non canonical MGEs for which the mobility mechanism has yet to be described. We provide evidence that not only the GIs and the prophages, but also RGPmob and RGPnone, have a mosaic structure consisting of modules. A module is a block of genes, 0.5 to 60 kb in length, displaying a conserved genomic organization among the different Enterobacteriaceae. Modules are functional units involved in host/environment interactions (22-31%), metabolism (22-27%), intracellular or intercellular DNA mobility (13-30%), drug resistance (4-5%) and antibiotic synthesis (3-6%). Finally, in silico comparisons and PCR multiplex analysis indicated that these modules served as plasticity units within the bacterial genome during genome speciation and as deletion units in clonal variants of Photorhabdus. Conclusions This led us to consider the modules, rather than the entire RGP, as the true unit of plasticity in bacterial genomes, during both short-term and long-term genome evolution.
Published: 2011
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46. Studies of the dynamic expression of the Xenorhabdus FliAZ regulon reveal atypical iron-dependent regulation of the flagellin and haemolysin genes during insect infection

Author: Jubelin, Grégory, Pages, Sylvie, Lanois, Anne, Boyer, Marie-Hélène, Gaudriault, Sophie, Ferdy, Jean-Baptiste, Givaudan, Alain, Unité de Microbiologie (MIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Diversité, Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and INRA [2009_1133_01]
Subjects: Insecta, Virulence, Iron, Biodiversité et Ecologie, xenorhabdus, fungi, Biologie du développement, Sigma Factor, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Regulon, Development Biology, infection, Biodiversity and Ecology, Hemolysin Proteins, Bacterial Proteins, protéine, Larva, Operon, Animals, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Promoter Regions, Genetic, symbiose, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Flagellin, Plasmids
Abstract: International audience; Xenorhabdus nematophila engages in complex interactions with invertebrates, through its symbiosis with soil nematodes and its pathogenicity to a broad range of insect larvae. Among the regulatory proteins of Xenorhabdus involved in host interactions, the sigma factor FliA and the regulator FliZ, expressed from the fliAZ operon, play a key role in mediating the production of exoenzymes, motility and full virulence in insects (Lanois et al., 2008). In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the FliA-dependent flagellin gene fliC and FliZ-dependent haemolysin genes xaxAB during insect infection and nematode association by carrying out real-time expression analysis using an unstable GFP monitoring system. We showed that expression of the FliAZ-dependent genes in infected insects is not restricted to a specific tissue but increases significantly just prior to host death and reaches a maximal level in larvae cadaver. Using an iron availability reporter construct, we also showed that iron starvation conditions inhibit expression of FliAZ-dependent genes in vitro, as well as during the first steps of the infectious process. These findings shed further light on the role of the FliAZ regulon in the Xenorhabdus life cycle and suggest that iron may constitute a signal governing Xenorhabdus adaptation to shifting host environments.
Published: 2011
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47. Polychlorinated biphenyls in freshwater salmonids from the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean

Author: Alexandre Terreau, Stéphane Betoulle, Edward Beall, Sylvie Biagianti-Risbourg, Ali Jaffal, H. Roche, Séverine Paris-Palacios, Nicolas Givaudan, UNITE DE RECHERCHE VIGNES ET VINS DE CHAMPAGNE - STRESS ET ENVIRONNEMENT - EA2069 (URVV - SE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Ecologie Comportementale et Biologie des Populations de Poissons (ECOBIOP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Programme IPEV 409 IMMUNOTOXKER, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Biometry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Trout, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Freshwater ecosystem, Brown trout, Sex Factors, Species Specificity, Indian Ocean Islands, Spring (hydrology), Animals, PCB accumulation, 14. Life underwater, Muscle, Skeletal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Salmonids, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Lipid Metabolism, Pollution, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, 6. Clean water, Fishery, %22">Fish , Sub-Antarctic area, Female, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring, Kerguelen Islan
Abstract: International audience; The Subantarctic Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 70°E) contain freshwater ecosystems among the most isolated in the world. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in the muscle of 48 brook trout and 38 brown trout caught during summer and spring 2006 in the rivers, lakes and ponds of Kerguelen. The sum of 29 PCBs averaged 404 and 358 ng g-1 lipid, and dioxin-like PCB was 19 and 69 ng g-1 lipid, in brook and brown trout, respectively. The values showed a high variability and some fish accumulated PCBs at levels similar to those of fish from impacted areas. While inter-sex differences were limited, the season and the morphotype appeared to have the most influence. Fish captured in summer had muscle PCB concentrations about three times higher than those caught in spring and the 'river' morphotype of brook trout showed the highest PCB levels.
Published: 2011
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48. Rôle de l’opéron dlt dans la résistance aux peptides antimicrobiens chez Bacillus cereus

Author: Kallassy Awad, Mireille, Abi-Khattar, Ziad, Nielsen-Leroux, Christina, Lereclus, Didier, Gaudriault, Sophie, Givaudan, Alain, Département de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Les Journées Internationales de Biotechnologie de l’Association Tunisienne de Biotechnologie 19-22 Décembre 2010, Yassmine Hammamet., and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: absent
Published: 2010

49. Unités de plasticité dans le génome de Photorhabdus : des réarrangements chromosomiques à l’échelle du temps du laboratoire à l’évolution des espèces

Author: Ogier, Jean-Claude, Calteau, Alexandra, Lanois, Anne, Pages, Sylvie, Roche, David, Rouy, Zoé, Teyssier, Corinne, Tailliez, Patrick, Medigue, Claudine, Jumas-Bilak, Estelle, Givaudan, Alain, Gaudriault, Sophie, Diversité, Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Département Microbiologie et Chaîne Alimentaire (MICA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2010

50. The xaxAB genes encoding a new apoptotic toxin from the insect pathogen Xenorhabdus nematophila are present in plant and human pathogens

Author: Fabienne Vigneux, Michel Brehélin, Carlos Antonio Costa Ribeiro, Grégory Jubelin, Joël Poncet, Robert Zumbihl, Alain Givaudan, Stephen Baghdiguian, Ecologie microbienne des insectes et interactions hôte-pathogène (EMIP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Bibal, Christine, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: Hemocytes, Pseudomonas syringae, Xenorhabdus, Apoptosis, CLOSTRIDIUM, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, ACTIVATION, Hemolysin Proteins, IMMUNE SYSTEM, ENTOMOPATHOGENIC BACTERIA, CYTOTOXIN, XENORHABDUS NEMATOPHILA, Yersinia enterocolitica, bactérie entomopathogène, Plant Proteins, bactérie, 0303 health sciences, biology, cytotoxicité, GENOME SEQUENCE, Hemolysin, Plants, Enterobacteriaceae, 3. Good health, FAMILY, ESCHERICHIA-COLI, Insect Proteins, BACTERIUM PHOTORHABDUS-LUMINESCENS, Pseudomonas entomophila, Photorhabdus, EXPRESSION, expression génique, Bacterial Toxins, Molecular Sequence Data, Spodoptera, Microbiology, FULL VIRULENCE, 03 medical and health sciences, Necrosis, Bacterial Proteins, medicine, Animals, Humans, Molecular Biology, Proteus mirabilis, 030304 developmental biology, écologie microbienne, 030306 microbiology, Toxin, gène, HEMOLYSIN, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Genes, Bacterial, CELLS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, HeLa Cells
Abstract: International audience; Xenorhabdus nematophila, a member of the Enterobacteriaceae, kills many species of insects by strongly depressing the immune system and colonizing the entire body. A peptide cytotoxin has been purified from X. nematophila broth growth, and the cytolytic effect on insect immunocytes and hemolytic effect on mammalian red blood cells of this toxin have been described (Ribeiro, C., Vignes, M., and Brehelin, M. (2003) J. Mal. Chem. 278, 3030-3039). We show here that this toxin, Xenorhabdus alpha-xenorhabdolysin (Xax), triggers apoptosis in both insect and mammalian cells. We also report the cloning and sequencing of two genes, xaxAB, encoding this toxin in X. nematophila. The expression of both genes in recombinant Escherichia coli led to the production of active cytotoxin/hemolysin. However, hemolytic activity was observed only if the two peptides were added in the appropriate order. Furthermore, we report here that inactivation of xaxAB genes in X. nematophila abolished the major cytotoxic activity present in broth growth, called C I. We also show that these genes are present in various entomopathogenic bacteria of the genera Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, in Pseudomonas entomophila, in the human pathogens Yersinia enterocolitica and Proteus mirabilis, and in the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. This toxin cannot be classified in any known family of cytotoxins on the basis of amino acid sequences, locus organization, and activity features. It is, therefore, probably the prototype of a new family of binary toxins.
Published: 2007
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