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International audience; In a context of climate change characterized by rising temperatures, increased greenhouse gases and frequent droughts, the Sahel is presented as one of the most vulnerable areas to the adverse effects of climate change. The Sahel is presented as one of the most vulnerable areas to the adverse effects of climate change. The objective of this study is to assess the above-ground biomass and carbon stock of three Sahelian species: Acacia raddiana tortilis (Forsk.) hayne ssp. raddiana (savi) Brenan, Acacia senegal (L.) Willd and Balanites aegyptiaca (L.). The study was carried out in northern Senegal commonly known as Ferlo. Biomasses of the populations of the three target species were first assessed by harvesting the entire epigenetic part of the species and then modelled by correlation using dendrometric parameters measured on each individual of the sample. Two models, mono-specific and multi-species, were used. The results obtained showed that the diameter at breast height (x) and the parameter best correlated to the epigeal biomass (y). The dry biomass of woody plants was 31.4 ± 15.2 kg/tree for B. aegyptiaca, 30.6 ± 13.2 kg/tree for A. senegal and 26.2 ± 11.1 kg/tree for A. raddiana; i.e. carbon equivalents of 14.75 - 14.38 - 12.31 kg/tree respectively. The amount of carbon contained in the above-ground woody biomass is estimated at 4.48 t/ha. The carbon equivalent, atmospheric CO2 is estimated at 16.44 tons of CO2/ha and based on the actual density of Ferlo (108.08 ± 49.79 ind/ha) the sequestered carbon of the area is estimated at 1777.008 tons of CO2. The comparison between the models developed in this study and the multispecific or mono-specific models from the literature showed substantial differences. This study contributes to a better understanding of the contribution of Sahelian woody species to carbon sequestration and the results could be used in the framework of adaptation to climate change.

International audience; The objective of this study was to develop allometric models for estimating the biomass of Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich) Hoscht and Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. ex Poir. The inventory of these ligneous was carried out at Widou Thiengoly (North of Senegal). The sample consists of 43 individuals of Boscia senegalensis and 15 individuals of Sclerocarya birrea. The selected individuals were dendrometrically characterized before being cut, compartmentalized (trunk, branches, and twigs) and weighed entirely. Simple regression tests were performed to examine the most explanatory dendrometric parameter (x) for biomass (y) according to two types of models: the linear model (y = ax + b) and the polynomial model of degrees 2 (y = ax2 + bx + c). The criteria for selection and validity of the models are based firstly on the tests of normality, nullity, heterogeneity and autocorrelation of the residues. The results showed that the most explanatory dendrometric parameter of the biomass was the crown surface for Boscia senegalensis and the 1.30 m diameter for Sclerocarya birrea of all the tests performed, the second-order Polynomial model is the best predictor of above ground biomass for these two species. Thus, the allometric models established to predict the biomass of these two species are: y = 0.0023x2 + 0.4851x - 0.0519 for Boscia senegalensis and y = 0.35x2 + 10.35x - 12.90 for S. birrea; with very significant correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.85 and 0.94 respectively. These results can be used for a sequestered carbon assessment study and will play a role in monitoring the carbon market in Africa.

International audience; Aim : This study focuses on the spatio-temporal dynamics of the ecosystems between 1965 to 2017.Location : sylvopastoral reserve of the six Ferlo boreholes in SenegalMethods : The methodological approach consists in delineating and mapping land cover in the reserve, in 1965 and 2017 and, analyzing changes during this period using remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).Results : The results obtained show the identification of 10 land-use patterns in the reserve for the year 2017: savannah woodland, shrub savannah with tree, shrub savannah, shrub steppe with tree, shrub steppe, vegetable crop rainfall, village, pond, bare soil, tree plantation. In addition to savannah with tree, all these classes are present in 1965, except for the "tree plantation" class. The zones of shrub savannah and shrub steppe and shrub steppe with tree gradually changed between these dates, while the zones of shrub savannah with tree decreased. The areas occupied by savannah with tree disappeared completely. Analysis of changes between 1965 and 2017 showed that 19.71% of the reserve area remained in its original state, 70.58% was modified and 9.71% was converted.Main conclusion : This study has been widened to the whole “sylvopastoral reserve” protected area, which will make possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the management plans for protected areas in the Ferlo.

L’effet combiné de la péjoration climatique et de la pression anthropique a provoqué une dégradation progressive des ressources naturelles au Sahel. Ce phénomène n’a pas épargné la strate ligneuse qui constitue dans ces régions la principale source de fourrage en saison sèche. La réhabilitation de ces écosystèmes passe nécessairement par des connaissances écologiques précises, d’où l’intérêt de faire un diagnostic de la diversité floristique de la strate ligneuse. La méthode d’échantillonnage par relevés dendrométriques a été utilisée pour cette étude menée au Ferlo, dans 5 sites suivant des gradients de facteurs écologiques (Widou, Téssékéré et Labgar au nord sur l’axe est-ouest ainsi que Kamb et Déali au sud sur l’axe nord-sud). Cette méthode a permis d’inventorier 35 espèces réparties en 27 genres et inféodées dans 19 familles. Les traitements statistiques des données obtenues sur le terrain montrent que la flore est dominée par la famille des Combretaceae, des Mimosaceae et des Caesalpiniaceae. Balanites aegyptiaca, Calotropis procera et Boscia senegalensis sont les espèces prépondérantes. La richesse floristique est plus importante au Ferlo septentrional qui présente une faible similitude avec la partie méridionale., The combined effect of the pejoration climate and anthropogenic pressure caused a progressive degradation of Sahel natural resources. This phenomenon has not spared the woody stratum in these areas which is the main source of fodder in dry season. The rehabilitation of these ecosystems necessarily involves specific ecological knowledge, hence the interest in to make a diagnosis of the floristic diversity of the woody stratum. Dendrometric method was used for this study in Ferlo, in 5 localities along gradients of ecological factors (Widou, Téssékéré Labgar and the east-west axis and Kamb and deali on the north-south axis). This method allowed to make an inventory of 35 species belonging to 27 genres and 19 families. Also the statistical treatments of the data obtained show that flora is dominated by the family of Combretaceae, Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae. Balanites aegyptiaca, Calotropis procera and Boscia senegalensis are the predominant species. Floristic richness is more important in northern Ferlo which has a low similarity with the southern part.