1. The responses of an anaerobic microorganism, Yersinia intermedia MASE-LG-1 to individual and combined simulated Martian stresses
- Author
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Elke Rabbow, L. Garcia-Descalzo, A. Perras, Pascale Ehrenfreund, M. Malki, Pauline Vannier, Charles S. Cockell, E. Monaghan, Kristina Beblo-Vranesevic, Petra Rettberg, F. Gaboyer, Rüdiger Pukall, Ricardo Amils, Maria Bohmeier, Nicolas Walter, Viggó Þór Marteinsson, Patricia Cabezas, Petra Schwendner, Christine Moissl-Eichinger, Frances Westall, Felipe Gómez, Matvæla- og næringarfræðideild (HÍ), Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, University of Iceland, UAM. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Amendola, Roberto, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Köln] (DLR), Medical University Graz, UK Centre for Astrobiology, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh-University of Edinburgh, DLR Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin, MATIS - Prokaria, Matis Ltd, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa [Madrid] (CBMSO), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Laboratoire de microbiologie des environnements extrêmophiles (LM2E), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Georgetown University [Washington] (GU), European Science Foundation (ESF), LEGOUPIL, Laëtitia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microorganism ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,ENTEROCOLITICA-LIKE ,Örverur ,lcsh:Medicine ,Planets ,Marine and Aquatic Sciences ,Astronomical Sciences ,Yersinia ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Osmotic pressure ,Yersinia intermedia ,OXIDATIVE STRESS ,lcsh:Science ,Organism ,CLEAN ROOMS ,Multidisciplinary ,DEINOCOCCUS-RADIODURANS ,Radiation ,Perchlorates ,biology ,Planetary Sciences ,Physics ,MARS ,Biología y Biomedicina / Biología ,Celestial Objects ,Bacterial Pathogens ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Cold Temperature ,Laboratory Equipment ,Chemistry ,Medical Microbiology ,Physical Sciences ,Stöðuvötn ,Engineering and Technology ,Laboratory glassware ,Tissue Dehydration ,Pathogens ,Anaerobic exercise ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Research Article ,Chemical Elements ,Freshwater Environments ,Ionizing radiation ,Vacuum Desiccation ,030106 microbiology ,Mars ,Equipment ,Vacuum desiccation ,WATER-ACTIVITY ,Anaerobic microorganisms ,Martian surface ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Strahlenbiologie ,HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE ,Stress, Physiological ,Desiccation ,Microbial Pathogens ,Nuclear Physics ,Bacteria ,Mars (reikistjarna) ,X-Rays ,lcsh:R ,Ecology and Environmental Sciences ,Chemical Compounds ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Aquatic Environments ,Deinococcus radiodurans ,Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ,Laboratory Glassware ,Bodies of Water ,biology.organism_classification ,Yersinia intermedia MASE-LG-1 ,PLANETARY PROTECTION ,Oxygen ,Lakes ,Specimen Preparation and Treatment ,Desiccation and irradiation ,Ionizing Radiation ,Súrefni ,Earth Sciences ,Geislun ,lcsh:Q ,Salts ,IONIZING-RADIATION ,RESISTANCE - Abstract
The limits of life of aerobic microorganisms are well understood, but the responses of anaerobic microorganisms to individual and combined extreme stressors are less well known. Motivated by an interest in understanding the survivability of anaerobic microorganisms under Martian conditions, we investigated the responses of a new isolate, Yersinia intermedia MASE-LG-1 to individual and combined stresses associated with the Martian surface. This organism belongs to an adaptable and persistent genus of anaerobic microorganisms found in many environments worldwide. The effects of desiccation, low pressure, ionizing radiation, varying temperature, osmotic pressure, and oxidizing chemical compounds were investigated. The strain showed a high tolerance to desiccation, with a decline of survivability by four orders of magnitude during a storage time of 85 days. Exposure to X-rays resulted in dose-dependent inactivation for exposure up to 600 Gy while applied doses above 750 Gy led to complete inactivation. The effects of the combination of desiccation and irradiation were additive and the survivability was influenced by the order in which they were imposed. Ionizing irradiation and subsequent desiccation was more deleterious than vice versa. By contrast, the presence of perchlorates was not found to significantly affect the survival of the Yersinia strain after ionizing radiation. These data show that the organism has the capacity to survive and grow in physical and chemical stresses, imposed individually or in combination that are associated with Martian environment. Eventually it lost its viability showing that many of the most adaptable anaerobic organisms on Earth would be killed on Mars today., MASE is supported by European Community's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement no 607297.
- Published
- 2017
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