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Objective To investigate the risk factors of hemorrhagic pituitary adenoma apoplexy. Methods The clinical date of 875 patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma from January 2010 to January 2021 in the Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were analyzed retrospectively. According to the occurrence of pituitary adenoma hemorrhagic stroke, the patients were divided into stroke group (88 cases) and non-stroke group (787 cases). The risk factors affecting the occurrence of pituitary adenoma hemorrhagic stroke were screened by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The proportion of bromocriptine therapy, the history of taking antithrombotic drugs, recurrent or residual tumor, and the history of intervention operation in the patient with pituitary apoplexy were higher than those without pituitary apoplexy. The proportion of microadenoma in pituitary adenoma apoplexy group was lower than non-apoplexy group. The difference between the two groups has statistical significance (P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that macroadenoma (OR=0.189, 95%CI:0.069-0.522, P=0.001), the history of taking antithrombotic drugs (OR=4.168, 95%CI:1.611-10.785, P=0.003), bromocriptine therapy (OR=2.912, 95%CI:1.156-7.34, P=0.023) and recurrent or residual tumor (OR=2.787, 95%CI:1.179-6.59, P=0.020) were independent risk factors of pituitary apoplexy. Conclusion The risk factors of hemorrhagic pituitary apoplexy are macroadenoma, the history of taking antithrombotic drugs, bromocriptine therapy and recurrent or residual tumor. Objective To investigate the risk factors of hemorrhagic pituitary adenoma apoplexy. Methods The clinical date of 875 patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma from January 2010 to January 2021 in the Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were analyzed retrospectively. According to the occurrence of pituitary adenoma hemorrhagic stroke, the patients were divided into stroke group (88 cases) and non-stroke group (787 cases). The risk factors affecting the occurrence of pituitary adenoma hemorrhagic stroke were screened by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The proportion of bromocriptine therapy, the history of taking antithrombotic drugs, recurrent or residual tumor, and the history of intervention operation in the patient with pituitary apoplexy were higher than those without pituitary apoplexy. The proportion of microadenoma in pituitary adenoma apoplexy group was lower than non-apoplexy group. The difference between the two groups has statistical significance (P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that macroadenoma (OR=0.189, 95%CI:0.069-0.522, P=0.001), the history of taking antithrombotic drugs (OR=4.168, 95%CI:1.611-10.785, P=0.003), bromocriptine therapy (OR=2.912, 95%CI:1.156-7.34, P=0.023) and recurrent or residual tumor (OR=2.787, 95%CI:1.179-6.59, P=0.020) were independent risk factors of pituitary apoplexy. Conclusion The risk factors of hemorrhagic pituitary apoplexy are macroadenoma, the history of taking antithrombotic drugs, bromocriptine therapy and recurrent or residual tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of pituitary adenomas with xanthogranuloma. Methods The clinical data of 5 cases of pituitary adenomas with xanthogranuloma underwent operation were analyzed retrospectively, and the pathology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, imaging features and treatment of this entity were analyzed in combination with the literature. Results Preoperative MRI showed two patients had high signal on T1 WI and T2 WI in pituitary adenomas. All of the 5 patients underwent operation. Yellow liquid contents were found in 2 cases during operation, and hemosiderosis was found in 3 cases after operation. Temporary diabetes insipidus occurred in 3 cases after operation, and the symptoms were improved after symptomatic treatment. One patient needed long-term hormone replacement therapy. Conclusions Various degrees of anterior pituitary dysfunction is the clinical feature of pituitary adenomas with xanthogranuloma. The possibility of pituitary adenomas with xanthogranuloma should be considered when MRI suggests that pituitary adenomas present high signal cysts in both T1 WI and T2 WI. Imaging and pathology examination find the presence of hemosiderin suggests that xanthogranuloma may be associated with multiple minor bleeding events of pituitary adenomas. Surgical treatment can lead to a good prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]