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Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:15:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-02-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Middle East Asia Minor 1 is one of the most important pests of the common bean, due to its potential of causing direct and indirect damage. This study aimed to evaluate 78 bean genotypes to verify the occurrence of resistance of antixenosis type against B. tabaci. Initially, multiple-choice trials were performed to evaluate the oviposition preference and nymphs’ establishment at 3 and 15 days after infestation. Subsequently, 21 bean genotypes were selected, and a no-choice test was conducted. Colorimetric analyses were performed to establish correlations between leaf color and insect establishment. In multiple-choice trial, the genotypes BRS Ametista, BRS Estilo, BRS Esplendor, SCS 204 Predileto, BRS Notável, IPR Eldorado, CHIB 06, IPR Quero-Quero, Iapar 81, CHIP 338, IPR Garça, Arcelina 4, SCS 202 Guará, IAC Esperança, H96102-1-1-1-52, CHIP 348, Carioca Comum, CHIP 300, IAC Carioca Eté, IAC Ybaté, and Tybatã were the least used for oviposition and nymph establishment, demonstrating antixenosis or antibiosis. In the no-choice trial, most genotypes were less attractive to whitefly, and the genotypes CHIB 06, IPR Garça, CHIP 300, and IAC Esperança had less oviposition. The most attractive genotypes presented high luminosity and more intense green and yellow colors, indicating positive correlation. Therefore, the genotypes BRS Ametista, SCS 204 Predileto, BRS Estilo, IPR Eldorado, SCS-202 Guará, Carioca Comum, Arcelina 4, CHIP 348, and IAC Esperança showed the highest resistance stability in the no-choice trial, and they are promising sources of antixenotic factors for use in breeding programs to obtain whitefly-resistant common bean lines. Dept of Crop Protection School of Agriculture São Paulo State Univ (FCA/UNESP) Research Center for Family Agriculture Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (CEPAF/EPAGRI) Department of Entomology and Acarology Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP) Dept of Crop Protection School of Agriculture São Paulo State Univ (FCA/UNESP) CAPES: 001

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:24:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-03-03 The development of smart and eco-friendly fertilizers is pivotal to guarantee food security sustainably. Phosphate rock and struvite are promising alternatives for P fertilization; nevertheless, the solubility of these sources is a challenge for consistent use efficiency. Here, we propose using a polysulfide obtained via inverse vulcanization as a novel controlled-release fertilizer matrix in a system containing either Bayóvar rock (Bay) or struvite (Str). The polysulfide provides S for plants after being biologically oxidized to sulfate in soil, generating local acidity for P solubilization. After 15 days of soil incubation, the composites with 75 wt % Str and 75 wt % Bay achieved, respectively, 3 and 2 times the S oxidation from the elemental sulfur reference. Results indicated that P content stimulates the soil microorganisms' activity for S oxidation. The matrix had a physical role in improving Bay dissolution and regulating the rapid release from Str. Moreover, the available P in soil was 25-30 mg/dm3 for Bay composites, while for pure Bay, it was 9 mg/dm3. Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos, Washington Luiz Highway, km 235 Embrapa Instrumentation, XV de Novembro Street, 1452 UNESP Botucatu Av. Universitária, 3780 - Altos do Paraíso Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina, 6800 Highway, Antônio Heil UNESP Botucatu Av. Universitária, 3780 - Altos do Paraíso

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T17:06:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-07-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) This study evaluated the sublethal effects of an ethanolic extract from seeds of Annona mucosa Jacq. (ESAM, major compound rolliniastatin-1) and a botanical insecticide based on the extract of Annona squamosa L. (10,000 mg kg −1 of annonin as the primary active ingredient; Anosom ® 1 EC) at their previously estimated concentrations (LC 50 = 411.55 and 312.08 mg kg −1 , respectively) on the food intake and biological parameters of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), an important pest species that was recently introduced to Brazil. In a greenhouse trial, ESAM (as an emulsifiable concentrate formulation) and the botanical insecticide based on the extract of A. squamosa (Anosom ® 1 EC) caused larval mortality and a significant decrease in foliar consumption (>90%) after 168 h of exposure on soybean plants. An evaluation of the indices of food consumption, growth and food utilization indicated that ESAM and Anosom ® 1 EC, when incorporated into artificial media for third instar H. armigera larvae, significantly decreased the growth rate and reduced the efficiency of the conversion of ingested food into biomass. Additionally, ESAM and Anosom ® 1 EC extended the larval stage and significantly reduced the viability of the larval and pupal stages and the average weight of the 24-h-old pupae. In light of these findings, ESAM and the acetogenin-based commercial bioinsecticide Anosom ® 1 EC are potential alternative control measures for H. armigera. Department of Crop Protection School of Agriculture São Paulo State University (FCA/UNESP) Research Center for Family Agriculture Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (CEPAF/EPAGRI) Department of Entomology and Acarology “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP) Department of Crop Protection School of Agriculture São Paulo State University (FCA/UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:45:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-03-01 Among tropical plant families, members of Annonaceae have great potential as a source of biopesticides. To develop an alternative tool for control of Helicoverpa armigera, efficacy of ethanolic extracts from seeds of five species belonging to the genus Annona (A. montana Macfad., A. mucosa Jacq., A. muricata L., A. reticulata L. and A. sylvatica A. St.-Hil.) and an acetogenin-based commercial bioinsecticide (Anosom® 1 EC, 10,000 ppm of annonin as the main active ingredient) were evaluated in a dietary exposure bioassays. In an initial screening, an ethanolic extract from A. mucosa seeds (LC50 = 1479 ppm) and Anosom® 1 EC (LC50 = 1151 ppm) were the most promising treatments. In addition to acute toxicity, pronounced inhibition of H. armigera larval growth was observed in both treatments. Using chromatographic techniques, bioguided fractionations were conducted and the acetogenin bis-tetrahydrofuran rolliniastatin-1 was isolated as the primary compound from the most active fractions of A. mucosa. At a concentration of 41.55 ppm, rolliniastatin-1 caused total mortality of H. armigera larvae after the fourth day of exposure. In greenhouse trials, extract of A. mucosa (as an emulsifiable concentrate formulation) and the botanical insecticide based on extract of Annona squamosa L. (Anosom® 1 EC), both at LC90 values previously estimated, were compared with a diamide-based commercial insecticide (flubendiamide 480 SC) for mortality after 168 h of exposure to larvae on tomato plants; all treatments caused high larval mortality (>90%). Thus, the results of this study indicate that the derivatives of Annonaceae are a useful alternative for the integrated management of H. armigera. Department of Crop Protection College of Agricultural Sciences São Paulo State University (FCA/UNESP), José Barbosa de Barros street, 1780 Research Center for Family Agriculture Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (CEPAF/EPAGRI) Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) Department of Entomology and Acarology “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP) Department of Crop Protection College of Agricultural Sciences São Paulo State University (FCA/UNESP), José Barbosa de Barros street, 1780