Author: "Aude Vialatte" / Topic: 01 natural sciences - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Landscape floral resources provided by rapeseed correlate with next-year reproduction of cavity-nesting pollinators in a national participatory monitoring program

Author: Victor Van der Meersch, Emmanuelle Porcher, Magali San Cristobal, Aude Vialatte, Olivier Billaud, Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, pollination, Rapeseed, Reproduction (economics), Geography, Planning and Development, Participatory monitoring, mass-flowering crops, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pollinator, citizen science, agriculture, biodiversity, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, Ecology, Osmia, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, floral resources, Geography, Nesting (computing), solitary bees, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Landscape ecology
Abstract: International audience; Context: Wild pollinators depend on floral resources available in the landscape, partly provided by mass flowering crops (MFCs), such as rapeseed or sunflower. MFCs are however often grown conventionally, implying insecticide use, with potential negative effects on pollinators.Objectives: To understand whether and to what extent these crops could contribute to the maintenance of pollinator populations, we investigated the inter-annual correlation between MFC resources and the reproduction of cavity-nesting pollinators (solitary bees and wasps) at a national scale.Methods: We studied a standardized citizen science dataset, in which farmers collected data on the abundance of sealed tubes in trap nests, between 2012 and 2017, in nearly 600 fields distributed across France. We modelled the relation between nesting and landscape resources of the current and previous year, taking local farming practices into account.Results: Pollinator nesting was positively correlated with the quantity of rapeseed floral resources the year preceding observations, as well as with the area of permanent meadows. On the contrary, we found more variable relations with sunflower floral resources, depending on the type of sealing material, hence likely on the phenology of pollinators. Our models also confirm that local practices should be accounted for when assessing the influence of the landscape context, although their effects were difficult to interpret.Conclusions: Solitary bee and wasp reproduction is likely to be positively and durably affected by rapeseed cover. Moderate areas of rapeseed may help maintain pollinators, in combination with semi-natural habitats, which provide more diverse and stable food and nesting sites.
Published: 2021
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2. Promoting crop pest control by plant diversification in agricultural landscapes: A conceptual framework for analysing feedback loops between agro-ecological and socio-economic effects

Author: Aude Vialatte, Anaïs Tibi, Audrey Alignier, Valérie Angeon, Laurent Bedoussac, David A. Bohan, Douadia Bougherara, Alain Carpentier, Bastien Castagneyrol, Stéphane Cordeau, Pierre Courtois, Jean-Philippe Deguine, Jérôme Enjalbert, Frédéric Fabre, Fabienne Féménia, Hélène Fréville, Frédéric Goulet, Régis Grateau, Benoît Grimonprez, Nicolas Gross, Mourad Hannachi, Philippe Jeanneret, Laure Kuhfuss, Pierre Labarthe, Marie Launay, Marianne Lefebvre, Virginie Lelièvre, Stéphane Lemarié, Gilles Martel, Abel Masson, Mireille Navarrete, Manuel Plantegenest, Virginie Ravigné, Adrien Rusch, Frédéric Suffert, Abdoulaye Tapsoba, Olivier Therond, Sophie Thoyer, Vincent Martinet, Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Direction de l'Expertise scientifique collective, de la Prospective et des Etudes, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche d'Écodéveloppement (ECODEVELOPPEMENT), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - UMR 5211 (CEE-M), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires (SMART-LERECO), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Economie Publique (ECO-PUB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d’Etudes et de Coopération Juridique Interdisciplinaire (CECOJI), Université de Poitiers, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires (SADAPT), Agroscope, University of St Andrews [Scotland], Agroclim (AGROCLIM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management (GRANEM), Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université d'Angers (UA), Département agronomie et sciences de l'environnement pour les agroécosystèmes (AgroEcoSystem), Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble (GAEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage (UMR BAGAP), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AgroParisTech, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Plant Health Institute of Montpellier (UMR PHIM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier (CEE-M), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Centre d’études et de coopération juridique interdisciplinaire - Université de Poitiers (CECOJI-UP), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage, Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, French Office for Biodiversity (OFB) through the national ECOPHYTO plan, David A. Bohan, Alex J. Dumbrell, Adam J. Vanbergen, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, 0106 biological sciences, 13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 01 natural sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Given the negative environmental effects of conventional agricultural techniques, the need for biodiversity-friendly agriculture systems that rely more on ecosystem services and less on chemical inputs is becoming increasingly urgent. In this paper, we focus on crop protection strategies that are alternatives to the use of pesticides. Diversification of the plant component of agricultural areas at different space and time scales has been presented as a powerful socio-economic and agro-ecological mechanism for the sustainable control of pests. Our interdisciplinary group of scientific experts examined the literature on the ecological effects of plant diversification on pests and their natural enemies, as well as the social science literature on the conditions for farmers to adopt the corresponding practices, to assess the potential offered by plant diversification.We developed a conceptual framework that connects the agro-ecological and socio-economic components of an agricultural landscape in a dynamic loop accounting for interactions among elements at different spatial and temporal scales and their feedback effects. This article presents this framework and illustrates its application to the case of wheat production and protection. By explicitly connecting each level of agro-ecological organization with the potential socio-economic drivers and limitations underpinning the adoption and implementation of plant diversification in landscapes, this framework makes it possible to ana yse the synergies and antagonisms between different modes of diversification and the conditions of their deployment. Exploring this framework is a prerequisite to the identification of opportunities and key feed-back loops for designing diversification strategies that unlock the agro-ecological potential of f uture production systems. We conclude that there is a need for interdisciplinary research in experimental landscapes involving farmers and other local stakeholders to design sustainable future agricultural landscapes that deliver high levels of biological control services..
Published: 2022
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3. Inconsistent responses of conservation biocontrol to landscape structure: new insights from a network-based review

Author: Nirina Ratsimba, Aude Vialatte, Claude Monteil, Hazel R. Parry, Olivier Therond, Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecosci Precinct, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), and Metaprogram EcoServ from INRAE
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, agroecology, Sociology of scientific knowledge, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Scientific literature, Ontology (information science), natural enemies, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, temperate climate, Pest Control, Biological, network analysis, Ecosystem, media_common, Trophic level, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ecology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Ambiguity, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Data science, Variety (cybernetics), 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, crop pests, ecosystem services, Network analysis
Abstract: International audience; Conservation biological control (CBC) has been an active research topic for the last two decades and is now one of the key ways being explored to develop agroecological production systems. Using broad concepts and indicators, recent reviews and meta-analyses have highlighted major inconsistencies in the responses of CBC to landscape structure, revealing their context-dependent nature. To decipher these relations, we reviewed the scientific literature (50 articles) using (1) an original ontology allowing us to navigate across the different terms and concepts used in this literature and (2) a network-based methodology to describe the scattering, completeness, and generalizability of scientific knowledge on CBC. An interactive version of this network is available online. Our results highlight the strong information scattering caused by the variety of indicators used to describe both landscape structure and CBC. We observe trade-offs between the use of coarse concepts classically used in meta-analysis (e.g., landscape complexity) and the non-convergence of results (ambiguity). The network analysis points out consistently less information ambiguity when considering sub-networks focused on trophic chains than in the full information network, without losing connectance. We suggest that effects of landscape structure may be different between trophic chains because of specific selection pressures associated with cropping systems. Our novel review procedure offers a relatively simple but powerful complementary approach to classical meta-analysis to explore ecological patterns. It highlights that crop trophic chain probably represents the adequate ecological unit to investigate the landscape-CBC relationship. Designing pest suppressive landscapes while favoring farmland biodiversity will imply considering multiple crop trophic chains responding differently to landscape structure. Therefore, we recommend assessing the level of CBC at both crop field and landscape scales to inform decisions on the best individual or collective strategy to adopt.
Published: 2021
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4. Configurational crop heterogeneity increases within‐field plant diversity

Author: Gavin M. Siriwardena, Isabelle Badenhausser, Nathalie Patry, Péter Batáry, Irene Robleño, Yann Clough, Romain Georges, Teja Tscharntke, Jean-Louis Martin, Kathryn Lindsay, Jacques Baudry, Nicole Yaverscovski, Vincent Bretagnolle, Lluís Brotons, Brigitte Poulin, Jordi Recasens, François Calatayud, Jesús Miñano, Annick Gibon, Audrey Alignier, Nicolas Gross, Aliette Bosem Baillod, David Giralt, Françoise Burel, Cyrille Violle, Jude Girard, Paul Miguet, Barbara Baraibar, Colette Bertrand, Lenore Fahrig, Laura Henckel, Xavier O. Solé-Senan, Clélia Sirami, Annika L. Hass, Scott Mitchell, Gerard Bota, Aude Vialatte, Romain Carrié, Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage (UMR BAGAP), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universitat de Lleida, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Biology, Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Laboratory, Carleton University, Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Agroscope FAL Reckenholz (AGROSCOPE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), LTSER Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Lund University [Lund], Department of Biology, Carleton University (Carleton University), Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Institute of Biochemistry and MTA SZBK 'Lendület' Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, ANR‐11‐EBID‐0004, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Canada Foundation for Innovation, ANR-11-EBID-0004,FarmLand,European Network on Farmland Heterogeneity, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(2011), Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Zone Atelier Plaine et Val de Sèvre [LTSER France], and Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Gamma diversity, media_common.quotation_subject, Biodiversity, Males herbes--Control, Conreus, farmland, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Competition (biology), Crop, field border, crop mosaic, Agricultural productivity, Crop mosaic, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ecology, business.industry, Agroforestry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, landscape composition, landscape configuration, Biodiversitat--Conservació, 15. Life on land, Field border, Paisatge, Geography, Agriculture, diversity partitioning, Biodiversity and ecosystem services, Alpha diversity, biodiversity conservation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Weed, business, weed
Abstract: 1. Increasing landscape heterogeneity by restoring semi-natural elements to reverse farmland biodiversity declines is not always economically feasible or acceptable to farmers due to competition for land. We hypothesized that increasing the hetero-geneity of the crop mosaic itself, hereafter referred to as crop heterogeneity, can have beneficial effects on within-field plant diversity .2. Using a unique multi-country dataset from a cross-continent collaborative project covering 1,451 agricultural fields within 432 landscapes in Europe and Canada, we assessed the relative effects of compositional and configurational crop heteroge-neity on within-field plant diversity components. We also examined how these relationships were modulated by the position within the field. 3. We found strong positive effects of configurational crop heterogeneity on within-field plant alpha and gamma diversity in field interiors. These effects were as high as the effect of semi-natural cover. In field borders, effects of crop heterogeneity were limited to alpha diversity. We suggest that a heterogeneous crop mosaic may overcome the high negative impact of management practices on plant diversity in field interiors, whereas in field borders, where plant diversity is already high, landscape effects are more limited. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our study shows that increasing configurational crop heterogeneity is beneficial to within-field plant diversity. It opens up a new effec-tive and complementary way to promote farmland biodiversity without taking land out of agricultural production. We therefore recommend adopting manipulation of crop heterogeneity as a specific, effective management option in future policy measures, perhaps adding to agri-environment schemes, to contribute to the con-servation of farmland plant diversity. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; German Ministry of Research and Education; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Grant/Award Number: ANR-11-EBID-0004; Canada Foundation for Innovation; German Research Foundation; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; French National Research Agency, Grant/Award Number: ANR-11-EBID-0004; UK Government Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; Environment Canada (EC)
Published: 2020
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5. Spatiotemporal dynamics of the agricultural landscape mosaic drives distribution and abundance of dominant carabid beetles

Author: Manuel Plantegenest, Vincent Bretagnolle, Isabelle Badenhausser, Gaël Caro, Bertrand Gauffre, Paul Miguet, Aude Vialatte, Ronan Marrec, Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Department of Environment and Agronomy [France], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé [France] (USC 1339 INRA), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], ANR-09-STRA-05, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR-09-STRA-0005,LANDSCAPHPID,Influence du paysage sur les pucerons ravageurs des cultures et le potentiel de contrôle biologique - Application à l'ingénierie écologique pour la gestion des ravageurs(2009), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés (EDYSAN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INRA-CEBC, Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes (BIO3P), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), and Ministère de l'agriculture
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Winter cereal, oilseed rape, poecilus cupreus, Geography, Planning and Development, Population, Poecilus cupreus, multi-scale framework, dilutionconcentration processes, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, anchomenus dorsalis, crop rotation, Abundance (ecology), education, landscape dynamics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Anchomenus dorsalis, biology, landscape composition, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Spatial heterogeneity, Geography, Habitat, Agronomy, temporal redistribution, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Landscape ecology, resource concentration
Abstract: International audience; Context Agroecosystems are dynamic, with yearly changing proportions of crops. Explicit consideration of this temporal heterogeneity is required to decipher population and community patterns but remains poorly studied. Objectives We evaluated the impact on the activity-density of two dominant carabid species (Poecilus cupreus and Anchomenus dorsalis) of (1) local crop, current year landscape composition, and their interaction, and (2) inter-annual changes in landscape composition due to crop rotations. Methods Carabids were sampled using pitfall-traps in 188 ﬁelds of winter cereals and oilseed rape in three agricultural areas of western France contrasting in their spatial heterogeneity. We summarized landscape composition in the current and previous years in a multi-scale perspective, using buffers of increasing size around sampling locations. Results Both species were more abundant in oilseed rape, and in landscapes with a higher proportion of oilseed rape in the previous year. P. cupreus abundance was negatively inﬂuenced by oilseed rape proportion in the current year landscape in winter cereals and positively by winter cereal proportion in oilseed rape. A. dorsalis was globally impacted at ﬁner scales than P. cupreus. Conclusions Resource concentration and dilution-concentration processes jointly appear to cause transient dynamics of population abundance and distribution among habitat patches. Inter-patch movements across years appear to be key drivers of carabids’ survival and distribution, in response to crop rotation. Therefore, the explicit consideration of the spatiotemporal dynamics of landscape composition can allow future studies to better evidence ecological processes behind observed species patterns and help developing new management strategies.
Published: 2017
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6. Increasing crop heterogeneity enhances multitrophic diversity across agricultural regions

Author: Teja Tscharntke, Lluís Brotons, Annika L. Hass, Laura Henckel, Carole Vuillot, Audrey Alignier, Gérard Balent, Vincent Bretagnolle, François Calatayud, Yann Clough, Aliette Bosem Baillod, David Giralt, Paul Miguet, Antonio Ricarte, Cyrille Violle, Péter Batáry, Scott Mitchell, Nicolas Gross, Romain Georges, Clélia Sirami, Gaëtan Lefebvre, Jordi Bosch, Annie Ouin, Bertrand Gauffre, Colette Bertrand, Samuel Hilaire, Jacques Baudry, Lenore Fahrig, Romain Carrié, Jude Girard, Gavin M. Siriwardena, Aude Vialatte, Jesús Miñano, Irene Robleño, Jean-Louis Martin, Assu Gil-Tena, Isabelle Badenhausser, Raphaël Mathevet, Jordi Recasens, Jose Antonio Barrientos, Kathryn Lindsay, Gerard Bota, Françoise Burel, Annick Gibon, M. A. Marcos-García, Lutz Tischendorf, Brigitte Poulin, Xavier O. Solé-Senan, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage (UMR BAGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Lund University [Lund], LTSER «Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sevre» [France], Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carleton University, Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé [France] (USC 1339 INRA), Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Joint Research Unit CTFC – AGROTECNIO, Solsona, Spain, Universitat de Lleida, Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Universidad de Alicante, Universidad de Murcia, British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Biology, Carleton University (Carleton University), WC1034, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS, H2020 European Research Council, FP7-609398, Agreenskills, JCI-2012-12089, Juan de la Cierva, ANR-11-EBID-0004,FarmLand,European Network on Farmland Heterogeneity, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(2011), Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante. Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad, Biodiversidad y Biotecnología aplicadas a la Biología de la Conservación, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LTSER Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, ANR-11-EBID-0004, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: European Network on Farmland Heterogeneity, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services,FARMLAND,ANR-11-EBID0004, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: Crops, Agricultural, 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Multitaxa, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Birds, Crop, crop mosaic, Animals, Humans, Zoología, farmland landscape complementation, Agricultural productivity, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Crop mosaic, biodiversity, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Ecology, Breeding, genetics and propagation, Agriculture, Spiders, Vegetation, Biological Sciences, Bees, 15. Life on land, Landscape complementation, Europe, Farmland, Taxon, Geography, Crop diversity, 13. Climate action, North America, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biodiversity and ecosystem services, multitaxa, business, Butterflies
Abstract: Agricultural landscape homogenization has detrimental effects on biodiversity and key ecosystem services. Increasing agricultural landscape heterogeneity by increasing seminatural cover can help to mitigate biodiversity loss. However, the amount of seminatural cover is generally low and difficult to increase in many intensively managed agricultural landscapes. We hypothesized that increasing the heterogeneity of the crop mosaic itself (hereafter “crop heterogeneity”) can also have positive effects on biodiversity. In 8 contrasting regions of Europe and North America, we selected 435 landscapes along independent gradients of crop diversity and mean field size. Within each landscape, we selected 3 sampling sites in 1, 2, or 3 crop types. We sampled 7 taxa (plants, bees, butterflies, hoverflies, carabids, spiders, and birds) and calculated a synthetic index of multitrophic diversity at the landscape level. Increasing crop heterogeneity was more beneficial for multitrophic diversity than increasing seminatural cover. For instance, the effect of decreasing mean field size from 5 to 2.8 ha was as strong as the effect of increasing seminatural cover from 0.5 to 11%. Decreasing mean field size benefited multitrophic diversity even in the absence of seminatural vegetation between fields. Increasing the number of crop types sampled had a positive effect on landscape-level multitrophic diversity. However, the effect of increasing crop diversity in the landscape surrounding fields sampled depended on the amount of seminatural cover. Our study provides large-scale, multitrophic, cross-regional evidence that increasing crop heterogeneity can be an effective way to increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes without taking land out of agricultural production. This research was funded by the ERA-Net BiodivERsA, with the national funders French National Research Agency (ANR-11-EBID-0004), German Ministry of Research and Education, German Research Foundation and Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, part of the 2011 BiodivERsA call for research proposals. The UK component of this research was funded by the UK Government Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), as Project WC1034. The Canadian component of this research was funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Strategic Project, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, Environment Canada, and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. N.G. was supported by the AgreenSkills+ Fellowship programme which has received funding from the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement FP7-609398 (AgreenSkills+ contract). A.G.-T. (Juan de la Cierva Fellow, JCI-2012-12089) was funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain). C. Violle was supported by the European Research Council Starting Grant Project “Ecophysiological and biophysical constraints on domestication of crop plants” (Grant ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS). A.R.’s position at the University of Alicante is funded by the “Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Transferencia de Conocimiento.”
Published: 2019
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7. Biotic predictors complement models of bat and bird responses to climate and tree diversity in European forests

Author: Luc Barbaro, Monique Carnol, Julia Koricheva, Kris Verheyen, Hans De Wandeler, Bastien Castagneyrol, Hervé Jactel, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Fons van der Plas, Yohan Charbonnier, Aude Vialatte, Evy Ampoorter, Bart Muys, Christian Kerbiriou, Marc Deconchat, Pallieter De Smedt, Isabelle Le Viol, Eric Allan, Harriet Milligan, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Plant Ecology Group, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Forest & Nature Laboratory, Department of Forest and Water Management, Ghent University, Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), CESCO, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London (RHUL), UMR 1201 Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers, Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Laboratory of Plant and Microbial Ecology, Institute of Plant Biology B22, Faculty of Biology, Geobotany, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, earthworms, Biology, Environment, Forests, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Models, Biological, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Birds, spiders, Abundance (ecology), Chiroptera, Forest ecology, Animals, Ecosystem, General Environmental Science, Trophic level, trophic interactions, Biotic component, defoliating insects, General Immunology and Microbiology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Species diversity, General Medicine, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, functional diversity, Europe, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Species evenness, ungulate browsing, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract: Bats and birds are key providers of ecosystem services in forests. How climate and habitat jointly shape their communities is well studied, but whether biotic predictors from other trophic levels may improve bird and bat diversity models is less known, especially across large bioclimatic gradients. Here, we achieved multi-taxa surveys in 209 mature forests replicated in six European countries from Spain to Finland, to investigate the importance of biotic predictors (i.e. the abundance or activity of defoliating insects, spiders, earthworms and wild ungulates) for bat and bird taxonomic and functional diversity. We found that nine out of 12 bird and bat diversity metrics were best explained when biotic factors were added to models including climate and habitat variables, with a mean gain in explained variance of 38% for birds and 15% for bats. Tree functional diversity was the most important habitat predictor for birds, while bats responded more to understorey structure. The best biotic predictors for birds were spider abundance and defoliating insect activity, while only bat functional evenness responded positively to insect herbivory. Accounting for potential biotic interactions between bats, birds and other taxa of lower trophic levels will help to understand how environmental changes along large biogeographical gradients affect higher-level predator diversity in forest ecosystems.
Published: 2019
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8. A conceptual framework for the governance of multiple ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes

Author: Floriane Clement, Emilie Andrieu, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Cécile Barnaud, Annie Ouin, Diane Esquerre, Julien Blanco, Aude Vialatte, Marc Deconchat, Clélia Sirami, David Sheeren, Sylvie Ladet, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), UMR 1201: Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers, and Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, spatio-temporal scales, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Geography, Planning and Development, agricultural practices, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, stakeholders, Ecosystem services, companion modeling, remote sensing, ecological functions, mapping, Environmental planning, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, biodiversity, 2. Zero hunger, Sustainable development, Operationalization, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Corporate governance, 15. Life on land, Interdependence, trade-offs, Conceptual framework, 13. Climate action, social interactions, Business, Landscape ecology, Social structure
Abstract: Context: While the concept of ecosystem services (ES) is well established in the scientific and policy arenas, its operationalization faces many challenges. Indeed, ES supply, demand and flow are related to ecological and social processes at multiple space and time scales, leading to complex interactions in the provision of multiple ES.Objectives: To develop a conceptual framework (CF) to facilitate the study and governance of multiple ES in agricultural social-ecological landscapes.Method: We examined the ecological and social literatures to identify how approaches at the landscape level contribute to a better understanding of ES supply, demand and flow in agricultural systems. After detailing our CF, we use a case study to illustrate how methods from different disciplines can be combined to operationalize our CF.Results: The literature suggests that the landscape level is likely to be the level of organization that will make it possible to (i) integrate different components of ES co-production, i.e. ecological processes, agricultural practices and social structures, (ii) understand interactions between stakeholders, including ES co-producers and beneficiaries, (iii) explicit ES trade-offs, i.e. social choices between ES.Conclusion: The production of multiple ES at the landscape level involves different types of interdependencies among ES co-producers and beneficiaries. These need to be addressed in concerted and integrated ways to achieve sustainable and equitable governance of agricultural landscapes.
Published: 2019
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9. First use of participatory Bayesian modeling to study habitat management at multiple scales for biological pest control

Author: Aude Vialatte, Cécile Barnaud, Claude Monteil, Nicolas Salliou, Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, Ecology (disciplines), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Apple orchards, Generalist and specialist species, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Participatory Bayesian network, 2. Zero hunger, Sustainable development, business.industry, Biological pest control, Environmental resource management, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Geography, Bayesian network, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, Scale (social sciences), Sustainability, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Participatory, Semi-natural habitats, Stakeholder perspective, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; AbstractHabitat management is increasingly considered as a promising approach to favor the ecosystem service of biological control by enhancing natural enemies. However, habitat management, whether at local or landscape scale, remains very uncertain for farmers. Interactions between ecological processes and agricultural practices are indeed uncertain and site-specific, which makes implementation difficult. Thus, prospecting innovations based on habitat management may benefit from integrating local stakeholders and their knowledge. Our objective is to explore with both local and scientific stakeholders how they perceive agricultural practices, ecological processes, and services related to biological pest control and habitat management. We conducted a participatory Bayesian Network modeling approach with five stakeholders in Southwest France around apple orchard cultivation. We co-constructed such Bayesian Networks based on participants’ knowledge. We explored scenarios favoring natural enemies and habitat manipulation with each participant’s Bayesian Network. We compared how different stakeholders perceive the impact of each scenario on the biological control ecosystem service. Our results indicate that a landscape with a high proportion of semi-natural habitats does not translate into significant biological control for most participants even though some stakeholders perceive a significant impact on generalist predators’ activity within orchards. For these local stakeholders, habitat management at the orchard level such as inter-row vegetation seems currently more promising than at the landscape scale. Here, we show for the first time that the use of Bayesian modeling in a participatory manner can give precious insights into the most promising perspectives on habitat management at different scales. These different local perspectives suggest in particular that further dialogue between ecologists and local stakeholders should be sought about inter-row habitat management as the most promising practice to foster biological pest control and other ecosystem services.
Published: 2019
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10. Ecosystem services, social interdependencies, and collective action: a conceptual framework

Author: Cécile Barnaud, Roldan Muradian, Clélia Sirami, Victoria Reyes-García, Nicolas Salliou, Catherine Cibien, Aude Vialatte, Clémence Moreau, Marc Deconchat, Raphaël Mathevet, Roser Maneja, Esteve Corbera, Nicolas Dendoncker, Martine Antona, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Martí Boada, Stephan Garnier, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), Zoology Department, Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 - UFR d'Odontologie (UR1 Odontologie), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), INRA-IRGM, Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Rennes - UFR d'Odontologie (UR Odontologie), Université de Rennes (UR), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Namur [Namur], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (Cirad-Es-UPR 47 GREEN), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: territorial management, Knowledge management, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, agroécologie, 010501 environmental sciences, Collective action, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, agroecological transition, Région d'altitude, multistakeholder approach, Sociology, Biology (General), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QH540-549.5, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Ecology, Corporate governance, Agrarian society, E11 - Economie et politique foncières, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, rural landscapes, QH301-705.5, media_common.quotation_subject, Participatory action research, concerted ecosystem service management, actionable framework, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, participatory action research, business.industry, 15. Life on land, services écosystémiques, Interdependence, Framing (social sciences), Conceptual framework, approches participatives, processus multipartites, Environnement et Société, business
Abstract: International audience; The governance of ecosystem services (ES) has been predominantly thought of in terms of market or state-based instruments. Comparatively, collective action mechanisms have rarely been considered. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a conceptual framework that brings together ES, social interdependencies, and collective action thinking. We use an ES conceptual lens to highlight social interdependencies among people so as to reflect on existing or potential collective actions among them. This framework can also contribute to increasing people’s awareness of their mutual interdependencies and thereby fostering, framing, or enriching collective action, in ways that take into account the diversity and complexity of ecological processes underlying human activities. Our approach can contribute in particular to agroecological transitions that require landscape level innovations and coordination mechanisms among land users and managers. The framework distinguishes three types of social interdependencies: (i) between ES beneficiaries and ES providers, (ii) among beneficiaries, and (iii) among providers. These social interdependencies are in turn analyzed according to four main dimensions that are critical for collective action: (i) cognitive framing of interdependencies, (ii) levels of organization, (iii) formal and informal institutions, and (iv) power relations. Finally, we propose a strategy to turn this framework into action in contexts of participatory action research, a strategy grounded on a number of methodological principles and tools that convey complexity and increase people’s awareness of interdependencies in agrarian social-ecological systems.
Published: 2018
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11. Migration and dispersal may drive to high genetic variation and significant genetic mixing: the case of two agriculturally important, continental hoverflies (Episyrphus balteatus and Sphaerophoria scripta)

Author: Manuel Plantegenest, Lucie Raymond, Aude Vialatte, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), ANR-09-STRA-0005,LANDSCAPHPID,Influence du paysage sur les pucerons ravageurs des cultures et le potentiel de contrôle biologique - Application à l'ingénierie écologique pour la gestion des ravageurs(2009), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Genotype, Pollination, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Population genetics, migration, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, microsatellites, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Animals, Cluster Analysis, Beneficial insects, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, education.field_of_study, Models, Genetic, biology, Ecology, Diptera, adaptation capabilities, Genetic Variation, population genetics, Agriculture, Bayes Theorem, aphidophagous hoverflies, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Sphaerophoria scripta, Europe, Genetics, Population, 13. Climate action, Episyrphus balteatus, Biological dispersal, Animal Migration, ecosystem services, Animal Distribution, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract: International audience; Population structure of pests and beneficial species is an important issue when designing management strategies to optimize ecosystem services. In this study, we investigated for the first time the population structure at a continental scale of two migratory species of hoverflies providing both pest regulation and pollination services [Episyrphus balteatus and Sphaerophoria scripta (Diptera: Syrphidae)]. To achieve this objective, we used two sets of 12 species-specific microsatellite markers on a large-scale sampling from all over Europe. Our findings showed a high level of genetic mixing resulting in a lack of genetic differentiation at a continental scale and a great genetic diversity in the two species. All the pairwise F-ST values between European localities were less 0.05 in the two species. These low values reflect a large-scale genetic mixing probably caused by the existence of frequent migratory movements in the two species. Mantel tests revealed isolation-by-distance pattern on the East-West axis, but not on the North-South axis. This isolation-by-distance pattern confirms the existence of North-South migratory movements in both directions and suggests an important step by step dispersal. Population features shown by this study are common in invasive species and pests, but are not often observed in beneficial species. They reflect great colonization abilities and a high adaptive potential when dealing with a changing environment. Our results highlight the two studied species as particularly interesting beneficial insects for pollination and pest predation in the current context of global change.
Published: 2013
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12. Simulating spatially-explicit crop dynamics of agricultural landscapes: The ATLAS simulator

Author: Hazel R. Parry, Hugo Thierry, Aude Vialatte, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Claude Monteil, Benoit Gaudou, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 1201 Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers, Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Ecosci Precinct, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation - CSIRO (AUSTRALIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Systèmes Multi-Agents Coopératifs (IRIT-SMAC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Crop phenology, Landscape dynamics, Relation (database), Population, crop management, Ingénierie de l'environnement, Crop rotations, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Spatially-explicit, Crop, crop rotations, Cluster analysis, education, landscape dynamics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Simulation, education.field_of_study, Ecology, business.industry, Atlas (topology), Applied Mathematics, Ecological Modeling, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Crop rotation, crop phenology, spatially-explicit, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Computer Science Applications, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Agriculture, Modeling and Simulation, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Environnement et Société, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Scale (map), Crop management
Abstract: The spatially-explicit AgriculTural LandscApe Simulator (ATLAS) simulates realistic spatial-temporal crop availability at the landscape scale through crop rotations and crop phenology. Intended to be linked to organism population dynamics, the simulator is developed in a multi-agent platform. The model relies on initial GIS inputs for landscape composition and configuration. Users define typical rotations and crop phenology stages to be included, according to their objectives. In the study, we present two applications to contrasting landscapes, where ATLAS is capable of simulating accurate composition (crop area) and configuration (crop clustering) dynamics. ATLAS has potential applicability to a range of contrasting agricultural landscapes. The benefits of such a simulator are the possibility to study the effects of various simulated management scenarios of crop spatial-temporal availability in relation to target organisms and/or specific ecological processes (e.g. pest, biological control), within a single model framework.
Published: 2017
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13. A participatory Bayesian Belief Network approach to explore ambiguity among stakeholders about socio-ecological systems

Author: Nicolas Salliou, Claude Monteil, Aude Vialatte, Ccile Barnaud, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 1201 Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers, Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, landscape ecology, Computer science, Management science, Ecological Modeling, media_common.quotation_subject, Bayesian probability, Conditional probability, Bayesian network, biological control, Citizen journalism, Ambiguity, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 010601 ecology, subjectivity, sort, Landscape ecology, uncertainty, Research question, Software, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract: Participatory modelling must often deal with the challenge of ambiguity when diverse stakeholders do not share a common understanding of the problem and measures for its solution. In this paper, we propose a framework and a methodology to elicit ambiguities among different stakeholders by using a participatory Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) modelling approach. Our approach consists of four steps undertaken with stakeholders: (1) co-construction of a consensual conceptual model of their socio-ecological system, (2) translation of the model into a consensual Bayesian Net structure, (3) individual parametrization of conditional probabilities, and (4) elicitation of ambiguity through the use of scenarios. We tested this methodology on the ambiguity surrounding the effect of an ecological process on a potential innovation in biological control, and it proved useful in eliciting ambiguity. Further research could explore more conflictual or controversial ambiguities to test this methodology in other settings. A participatory Bayesian Belief network method is proposed to sort out ambiguities among different stakeholders.The method is based on participation of stakeholders all along, from framing the research question to scenario exploration.The case study explored the ambiguities between local agricultural stakeholders and a landscape ecology scientist.
Published: 2017
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14. Landscape potential for pollen provisioning for beneficial insects favours biological control in crop fields

Author: Manuel Plantegenest, Johanna Villenave-Chasset, Aude Vialatte, Noelline Tsafack, Diab Al Hassan, Aude Ernoult, Rémi Duflot, Annie Ouin, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, UMR : Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut National d’Horticulture et de Paysage (INPH), Programmes interdisciplinaires CNRS 2008 : ParaBEn, ANR-09-STRA-0005,LANDSCAPHPID,Influence du paysage sur les pucerons ravageurs des cultures et le potentiel de contrôle biologique - Application à l'ingénierie écologique pour la gestion des ravageurs(2009), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Biological pest control, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Floral resource provisioning, Abundance (ecology), Pollen, medicine, Ecosystem services, Beneficial insects, Hoverfly, Aphid, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, Ecology, biology, Biocontrol, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Grassland, Parasitoid, 010602 entomology, Agronomy, Habitat, Landscape functionality, Landscape ecology, Semi-natural habitats, Grassy strip, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Context: The importance of landscape complexity for biological control is well-known, but its functional roles are poorly understood.Objectives: We evaluated the landscape capacity to provide floral resources for beneficial insects and its consequences for biological control in fields.Methods:The gut contents of adult hoverflies sampled in 41 cereal fields were analysed to determine which plant species are exploited. The relative value of each habitat in providing adequate pollen resources was evaluated by vegetation survey. Then 15 cereal fields were selected along a gradient of landscape complexity, where the abundance of aphids, hoverfly larvae and aphid parasitism was monitored. The habitat’s proportions in landscape buffers surrounding these fields were used as landscape descriptors and to assess the potential level of pollen resources provision (LP index).Results: Aphid abundance significantly decreased with an increase of the LP index mainly sustained by grassy strips and weeds in fields. However, hoverfly larvae abundance also decreased with the increasing LP index. The enhancement of the aphid parasitism rate with the LP index suggests that aphid parasitoids may benefit from the same floral resources as hoverflies. Their crop habitat specialism may give them a competitive advantage in fields where both aphid and floral resources are abundant.Conclusions: Complex interaction networks involved in biological control may disrupt the expected direct effects of floral resource provisioning for a focal beneficial species. We highlighted fields and grassy strips as habitats provisioning floral resources for which the LP index could be very helpful to optimize agroecological management strategies.
Published: 2017
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15. Tree diversity reduces pest damage in mature forests across Europe

Author: Hervé Jactel, Aude Vialatte, Marc Deconchat, Virginie Guyot, Bastien Castagneyrol, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université de Bordeaux (FRANCE), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), This research was supported by the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Union (FP7/2007–2013), UnDivEUROPE project, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Associational resistance, Insecta, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, associational resistance, biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, Climate, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Biodiversité et Ecologie, ravageur, Pest, fonctionnement des écosystèmes, Forests, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Latitude, Tree diversity, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Sylviculture, foresterie, forêt, Animals, Herbivory, Forest, Milieux et Changements globaux, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Herbivore, Resistance (ecology), Ecology, Agroforestry, Global change, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Europe, diversité des populations, Tree (data structure), Community Ecology, Ecosystem functioning, PEST analysis, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Forest pest damage is expected to increase with global change. Tree diversity could mitigate this impact, but unambiguous demonstration of the diversity–resistance relationship is lacking in semi-natural mature forests. We used a network of 208 forest plots sampled along two orthogonal gradients of increasing tree species richness and latitudes to assess total tree defoliation in Europe. We found a positive relationship between tree species richness and resistance to insect herbivores: overall damage to broadleaved species significantly decreased with the number of tree species in mature forests. This pattern of associational resistance was frequently observed across tree species and countries, irrespective of their climate. These findings confirm the greater potential of mixed forests to face future biotic disturbances in a changing world.
Published: 2016
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16. Phytophagy on phylogenetically isolated trees: why hosts should escape their relatives

Author: Aude Vialatte, Andreas Prinzing, Frédéric Jean, Richard I. Bailey, Chloe Vasseur, Xavier Vitrac, Benjamin Yguel, and N. Denise Tosh
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Herbivore, Phylogenetic tree, Ecology, Host (biology), education, Niche, Species diversity, 15. Life on land, Macroevolution, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fagaceae, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Hosts belonging to the same species suffer dramatically different impacts from their natural enemies. This has been explained by host neighbourhood, that is, by surrounding host-species diversity or spatial separation between hosts. However, even spatially neighbouring hosts may be separated by many million years of evolutionary history, potentially reducing the establishment of natural enemies and their impact. We tested whether phylogenetic isolation of oak hosts from neighbouring trees within a forest canopy reduces phytophagy. We found that an increase in phylogenetic isolation by 100 million years corresponded to a 10-fold decline in phytophagy. This was not due to poorer living conditions for phytophages on phylogenetically isolated oaks. Neither species diversity of neighbouring trees nor spatial distance to the closest oak affected phytophagy. We suggest that reduced pressure by natural enemies is a major advantage for individuals within a host species that leave their ancestral niche and grow among distantly related species.
Published: 2011
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17. Can deuterium stable isotope values be used to assign the geographic origin of an auxiliary hoverfly in south-western France?

Author: Aude Vialatte, M. Coulon, A. J. Hamilton, Noelline Tsafack, Annie Ouin, S. Ponsard, Jean-Pierre Sarthou, and Philippe Menozzi
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, biology, Range (biology), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Wildlife, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Latitude, 010602 entomology, Mediterranean sea, Episyrphus balteatus, Hoverfly, 14. Life underwater, Physical geography, Precipitation, Spectroscopy, Isotope analysis
Abstract: Deuterium δD isotopic analysis is increasingly being used to trace wildlife movement, and undoubtedly has much to offer in this respect, but questions still remain as to the feasibility and practicality of the method in ecology. Here we report our attempt to determine the geographic origin of an auxiliary hoverfly, Episyrphus balteatus, in south-western France. We used quantile regression to calculate the minimum separation distance, based on the International Atomic Energy Agency/World Meteorological Organization (IAEA/WMO) data, at which two insects could be said to originate from different latitudes with a given degree of confidence. We collected larvae in spring 2007 and 2009 to obtain the δD signal of indigenous hoverflies and we trapped adults during one complete year (from Dec. 2006 to Nov. 2007). The smallest separation distance calculated was about 1400 km in western Europe. Our results revealed greater variability in δD of adults in autumn than in spring. From this we infer an autumnal migration. Because of the presence of mountains and the Mediterranean Sea, the δD gradient in precipitation in western Europe is less clear than on the American continent, where it has been used successfully to infer geographical origins of animals under certain conditions. Despite the complications encountered in Europe, the minimum separation distance model proved a useful first step to obtain a first range of possible origins of E. balteatus and the application of the model to other arthropod species in Europe warrants investigation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Published: 2011
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18. Improvement of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV detection in single aphids using a fluorescent real time RT-PCR

Author: Aude Vialatte, Lucie Mieuzet, Frédéric Fabre, Christine Kervarrec, Emmanuel Jacquot, Gérard Riault, Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes (BIO3P), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: BARLEY YELLOW DWARF VIRUS, 0106 biological sciences, plante céréaliere, Virologie, 01 natural sciences, BYDV-PAV, VIRULIFEROUS APHIDS, Plant Viruses, TAQMAN PROBE, Taq Polymerase, REAL-TIME PCR, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, Aphid, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, food and beverages, 3. Good health, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, méthode de détection, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Barley yellow dwarf, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, insecte vecteur, acide nucléique, hordeum vulgare, Molecular Sequence Data, RT-PCR, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, virus, Luteoviridae, orge, Sensitivity and Specificity, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, VIRUS QUANTITATION, Virology, Luteovirus, TaqMan, Animals, Fluorescent Dyes, Plant Diseases, 030304 developmental biology, virus phytopathogène, Base Sequence, Hordeum, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, Aphids, Nucleic acid, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: One of the major factors determining the incidence of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) on autumn-sown cereals is the viruliferous state of immigrant winged aphids. This variable is assessed routinely using the enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). However, the threshold for virus detection by ELISA can lead to false negative results for aphids carrying less than 10(6) particles. Although molecular detection techniques enabling the detection of lower virus quantities in samples are available, the relatively laborious sample preparation and data analysis have restricted their use in routine applications. A gel-free real-time one-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocol is described for specific detection and quantitation of BYDV-PAV, the most widespread BYDV species in Western Europe. This new assay, based on TaqMan technology, detects and quantifies from 10(2) to 10(8) BYDV-PAV RNA copies. This test is 10 and 10(3) times more sensitive than the standard RT-PCR and ELISA assays published previously for BYDV-PAV detection and significantly improves virus detection in single aphids. Extraction of nucleic acids from aphids using either phenol/chloroform or chelatin resin-based protocols allow the use of pooled samples or of a small part (up to 1/1600th) of a single aphid extract for efficient BYDV-PAV detection.
Published: 2003
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19. Tree Diversity Limits the Impact of an Invasive Forest Pest

Author: Filippo Bussotti, Federico Selvi, Aude Vialatte, Hervé Jactel, Marc Deconchat, Bastien Castagneyrol, Virginie Guyot, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université de Bordeaux (FRANCE), Università degli Studi di Firenze (ITALY), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Università degli Studi di Firenze [Firenze], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Insecta, défoliation, Biodiversity, Leaf removal, lcsh:Medicine, Introduced species, lutte biologique, Forests, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Trees, communauté végétale forestière, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, arbre forestier feuillu, [SDV.SA.HORT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Horticulture, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, mélange de variétés, Ecology, Comparative analysis, Gall wasp, Trees, Chestnuts, Species Diversity, Shannon Index, Invasive Species, Forests, Plant-Herbivore interactions, Herbivory, analyse comparative, Italy, Research Article, herbivore, Biology, Horticulture, 010603 evolutionary biology, Sylviculture, foresterie, castanea sativa, Animals, Herbivory, guêpe, Sweet chestnut (tree), Herbivore, lcsh:R, Dryocosmus kuriphilus, Species diversity, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, italie, essence forestière, lcsh:Q, Species richness, Introduced Species, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; The impact of invasive herbivore species may be lower in more diverse plant communities due to mechanisms of associational resistance. According to the “resource concentration hypothesis” the amount and accessibility of host plants is reduced in diverse plant communities, thus limiting the exploitation of resources by consumers. In addition, the “natural enemy hypothesis” suggests that richer plant assemblages provide natural enemies with more complementary resources and habitats, thus promoting top down regulation of herbivores. We tested these two hypotheses by comparing crown damage by the invasive Asian chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) on chestnut trees (Castanea sativa) in pure and mixed stands in Italy. We estimated the defoliation on 70 chestnut trees in 15 mature stands sampled in the same region along a gradient of tree species richness ranging from one species (chestnut monocultures) to four species (mixtures of chestnut and three broadleaved species). Chestnut defoliation was significantly lower in stands with higher tree diversity. Damage on individual chestnut trees decreased with increasing height of neighboring, heterospecific trees. These results suggest that conservation biological control method based on tree species mixtures might help to reduce the impact of the Asian chestnut gall.
Published: 2015
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20. Lack of genetic differentiation between contrasted overwintering strategies of a major pest predator Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae): implications for biocontrol

Author: Aude Vialatte, Jean-Pierre Sarthou, Manuel Plantegenest, Bertrand Gauffre, Lucie Raymond, Agrocampus Ouest (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé - CEBC (FRANCE), Université de La Rochelle (FRANCE), Université de Rennes 1 (FRANCE), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes (BIO3P), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé [France] (USC 1339 INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], ANR-09-STRA-0005,LANDSCAPHPID,Influence du paysage sur les pucerons ravageurs des cultures et le potentiel de contrôle biologique - Application à l'ingénierie écologique pour la gestion des ravageurs(2009), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INRA CEBC, INRA-CEBC, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Ministère de l'agriculture, Raymond, Lucie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Wintering, Biocontrôle, Population genetics, lcsh:Medicine, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Spatial and Landscape Ecology, lcsh:Science, Predator, Overwintering, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Panmixia, Multidisciplinary, Heterozygosity, Ecology, Agriculture, Genomics, Insects, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Hoverfly, Seasons, Research Article, Microsatellite loci, episyrphus balteatus, Genetic loci, Population, Agro-Population Ecology, Biology, Animal migration, 010603 evolutionary biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Biologie animale, Genetics, Animals, Pest Control, Biological, education, 030304 developmental biology, Evolutionary Biology, Santé, hivernage, Diptera, lcsh:R, Comparative Genomics, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Génétique animale, Evolutionary Ecology, Episyrphus balteatus, Aphids, lcsh:Q, Pest Control, Population Ecology, Zoology, Entomology, Agroecology, Ecological Environments
Abstract: International audience; Winter ecology of natural enemies has a great influence on the level and efficiency of biological control at spring. The hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus (DeGeer) (Diptera: Syrphidae) is one of the most important natural predators of crop aphids in Europe. Three different overwintering strategies coexist in this species which makes it a good model in order to study ecologically-based speciation processes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether E. balteatus populations with alternative overwintering strategies are genetically differentiated. To that aim, we developed 12 specific microsatellite markers and evaluated the level of neutral genetic differentiation between E. balteatus field populations that overwinter in the three different ways described in this species (i.e. migration, local overwintering at a pre-imaginal stage, and local overwintering at adult stage). Results showed a lack of neutral genetic differentiation between individuals with different overwintering strategies although there are strong ecological differences between them. All pair-wise FST values are below 0.025 and non-significant, and Bayesian clustering showed K = 1 was the most likely number of genetic clusters throughout our sample. The three overwintering strategies form one unique panmictic population. This suggests that all the individuals may have genetic material for the expression of different overwintering phenotypes, and that their commitment in one particular overwintering strategy may depend on environmental and individual factors. Consequently, the prevalence of the different overwintering strategies would be potentially modified by landscape engineering and habitat management which could have major implications for biological control.
Published: 2013
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21. Grassy strips in their landscape context, their role as new habitat for biodiversity

Author: Aude Vialatte, Nadia Michel, Françoise Burel, Olivier Jambon, Aude Ernoult, Yann Rantier, Alain Butet, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Fonds de la région Bretagne (SIE Ecosoc), Programme CNRS Ingénierie écologique (ParaBEn 2007), Zone Atelier Armorique, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Ministère de l'agriculture, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Agroecosystem, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fauna, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Small mammals, Beneficial insects, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, media_common, Vegetation, Ecology, Agroforestry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Plant community, Field margin, Ecotone, Agricultural policies, 15. Life on land, Geography, Habitat, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Agronomy and Crop Science, Mosaic
Abstract: International audience; In the context of rapid and severe biodiversity decline in agroecosystems, the European Union has introduced agri-environmental schemes. However, these schemes require evaluation to estimate their efficiency, for further consolidation and improvement. The establishment of grassy strips along watercourses represents a measure of cross-compliance introduced in France in 2005. In this study, we analyzed the benefits of these new landscape elements for biodiversity, by (i) exploring the plant community composition of grassy strips in relation to their landscape context, (ii) analyzing the faunal communities of three major functional groups (i.e., small mammals, syrphids, and carabid beetles) present in grassy strips of agroecosystems, (iii) comparing the faunal biodiversity to that observed in other habitats of agroecosystems, such as fields and hedgerows, and (iv) investigating the relationships between faunal community indices and grassy strip properties. The results of our study showed that the plant community of grassy strips is mainly influenced by semi-natural habitats that are present within a landscape context, i.e., at a scale >500 m. We found that grassy strips do not necessarily present areas of particularly high animal biodiversity compared to other habitats (i.e., fields and hedgerows). However, the properties of these strips (i.e., length, width and plant biodiversity) influence the structure of faunal communities. Two years after the establishment of grassy strips, their role as ecotones between previous field margins (mostly hedgerows in our study site) is illustrated through the response of the fauna. Hence, grassy strips, being more stable than cultivated fields, contribute to a new refuge within the agroecosystem landscape.
Published: 2013
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22. Phylogenetic isolation of host trees affects assembly of local Heteroptera communities

Author: Aude Vialatte, D. Everhart, A. Belhadj, Chloe Vasseur, Andreas Prinzing, A. Matocq, Aude Ernoult, Richard I. Bailey, X. Vitrac, Martin M. Gossner, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Structure et Dynamique de la Diversité, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-INRA SAD Armor, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Origine, structure et évolution de la biodiversité (OSEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Région Bretagne ATIP CNRS, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-INRA SAD Armor, Systématique & Evolution, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-INRA SAD Armor
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, trophic level, 01 natural sciences, Quercus, Wageningen Environmental Research, insects, Phylogeny, General Environmental Science, biodiversity, tropical forests, Habitat fragmentation, Phylogenetic tree, biology, Ecology, Heteroptera, metapopulation, General Medicine, Biodiversity, evolutionary landscape, Biological Evolution, Centre for Ecosystem Studies, France, ecology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, metacommunities, Food Chain, Biogeography, Metapopulation, 010603 evolutionary biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, diversity, Host-Parasite Interactions, Species Specificity, Phylogenetics, Research articles, evolution, Animals, biogeography, canopy, General Immunology and Microbiology, Host (biology), Species sorting, 15. Life on land, landscape, biology.organism_classification, populations, Centrum Ecosystemen, community assembly, habitat fragmentation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; A host may be physically isolated in space and then may correspond to a geographical island, but it may also be separated from its local neighbours by hundreds of millions of years of evolutionary history, and may form in this case an evolutionarily distinct island. We test how this affects the assembly processes of the host's colonizers, this question being until now only invoked at the scale of physically distinct islands or patches. We studied the assembly of true bugs in crowns of oaks surrounded by phylogenetically more or less closely related trees. Despite the short distances (less than 150 m) between phylogenetically isolated and non-isolated trees, we found major differences between their Heteroptera faunas. We show that phylogenetically isolated trees support smaller numbers and fewer species of Heteroptera, an increasing proportion of phytophages and a decreasing proportion of omnivores, and proportionally more non-hostspecialists. These differences were not due to changes in the nutritional quality of the trees, i.e. species sorting, which we accounted for. Comparison with predictions from meta-community theories suggests that the assembly of local Heteroptera communities may be strongly driven by independent metapopulation processes at the level of the individual species. We conclude that the assembly of communities on hosts separated from their neighbours by long periods of evolutionary history is qualitatively and quantitatively different from that on hosts established surrounded by closely related trees. Potentially, the biotic selection pressure on a host might thus change with the evolutionary proximity of the surrounding hosts.
Published: 2010
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23. Phylogeography and historical demography of the Lusitanian snail Elona quimperiana reveal survival in unexpected separate glacial refugia

Author: Aude Vialatte, Alain Bellido, Luc Madec, Annie Guiller, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pleistocene, Range (biology), Evolution, Population Dynamics, Snails, Biology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, DNA, Ribosomal, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Refugium (population biology), QH359-425, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Glacial period, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Geography, Ecology, Disjunct distribution, Land snail, Genetic Variation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 15. Life on land, Eastern european, Phylogeography, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Spain, France, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Sequence Alignment, Research Article
Abstract: Background Present day distributions of Palearctic taxa in northern latitudes mainly result from populations having survived in local patches during the Late Pleistocene and/or from recolonizing populations from southern temperate refugia. If well-studied Mediterranean and eastern European refugia are widely accepted, some recent biogeographical assumptions still remain unclear, such as the occurrence of multiple glacial refugia in Iberia and cryptic refugia in northern Europe during the last glaciations. The Lusitanian snail Elona quimperiana has a remarkably disjunct distribution, limited to northwestern France (Brittany), northwestern Spain and the Basque Country. By describing the phylogeographical structure of this species across its entire range, the present study attempts to identify refugia and subsequent recolonization routes. Results Results based on 16S and COI gene sequences showed that the low genetic diversity observed in the Brittany populations should be associated with a recent demographic expansion. By contrast, populations from Spain exhibit several differentiated lineages and are characterized by demographic equilibrium, while the Basque populations are the only ones harboring typical distinct haplotypes. The center of the star-like networks of both gene sequences is occupied by a common ancestral-like haplotype found in Brittany and Spain, which might have originated from the middle of Northern Spain (i.e. Asturias, eastern Lugo and western Cantabria). Estimates of the divergence time between the Spain-Brittany and Basque lineages strongly suggest that E. quimperiana survived the Pleistocene glaciations in distinct refugia on the Iberian Peninsula, one of which is situated in Picos de Europa, and the other in the Basque Country. The occurrence of a northern refugium in France cannot be rejected as of yet. Conclusion Present results confirm the Iberian origin of the land snail E. quimperiana and strongly support the emerging phylogeographic hypothesis of multiple refugia in Iberia during the last glaciations. The scenario of a spatial expansion of E. quimperiana from an Iberian refuge located in Asturias to northern areas provides the most probable explanation for the present distribution of this land snail. By harboring distinct haplotypes, the Basque Country populations appear to be of great importance in terms of potential adaptation, long term persistence and hence, the conservation of E. quimperiana.
Published: 2008
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24. Farm-scale assessment of movement patterns and colonisation dynamics of the grain aphid in arable crops and hedgerows

Author: Jean-Christophe Simon, Charles-Antoine Dedryver, Aude Vialatte, Manuel Plantegenest, Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes (BIO3P), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Range (biology), [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Crop, 03 medical and health sciences, pest insect ecology, Sitobion avenae, Colonization, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Aphid, Suction trap, biology, Ecology, food and beverages, Forestry, 15. Life on land, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, Crop colonization dynamics, Agronomy, genotyping, migrant origin, Insect Science, Biological dispersal, Arable land, Agronomy and Crop Science, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: FR2116; International audience; 1. Integrated management of crop pests requires the identification of the appropriate spatial scale at which colonization processes occurs. We assessed, by coupling demographic and genetic methods, the relative contribution of local and transient migrants of the grain aphid Sitobion avenae to wheat field colonization in spring. 2. We examined, during two consecutive years, the daily colonization of wheat by aphid migrants and compared this with daily aphid flight monitored by a local 12.2-m suction trap. The genetic profiles of aphids landing on crops were compared with those of both flying aphids caught by the suction trap and local populations from arable crops and hedgerows. 3. In the first year, we observed: (i) a strong correlation between aphids colonizing the crop and those moving within the crop and a close genetic similarity between aphids from these samples and (ii) a high level of genetic differentiation between these aphids and populations from local cereals and field margins. In the second year, the number of migrants recorded on the wheat was three-fold higher than in the previous year, and less correlated with that recorded by the suction trap. This was associated with a lack of genetic differentiation between all samples. 4. This variation in the colonization processes resulted mainly in an abrupt increase in abundance of genotypes from local over-wintering sites in 2004. This suggests that, despite the long range dispersal potential of the grain aphid, outbreak risks could be mainly determined at a local scale, encouraging the design of relatively small management units.
Published: 2007
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25. Limited genetic exchanges between populations of an insect pest living on uncultivated and related cultivated host plants

Author: Aude Vialatte, Manuel Plantegenest, M. Galman, Charles-Antoine Dedryver, Jean-Christophe Simon, Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes (BIO3P), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: Crops, Agricultural, 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population Dynamics, Population, Environment, Biology, Poaceae, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Sitobion avenae, RELATION PLANTE-INSECTE, Animals, education, Triticeae, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Analysis of Variance, education.field_of_study, Aphid, BIOLOGIE DES POPULATIONS, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Ecology, fungi, Pest control, Genetic Variation, food and beverages, Bayes Theorem, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010602 entomology, INSECTE, Genetics, Population, Agronomy, Aphids, Genetic structure, France, Pest Control, PEST analysis, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, Microsatellite Repeats, Research Article
Abstract: Habitats in agroecosystems are ephemeral, and are characterized by frequent disturbances forcing pest species to successively colonize various hosts belonging either to the cultivated or to the uncultivated part of the agricultural landscape. The role of wild habitats as reservoirs or refuges for the aphidSitobion avenaethat colonize cultivated fields was assessed by investigating the genetic structure of populations collected on both cereal crops (wheat, barley and oat) and uncultivated hosts (Yorkshire fog, cocksfoot, bulbous oatgrass and tall oatgrass) in western France.Classical genetic analyses and Bayesian clustering algorithms indicate that genetic differentiation is high between populations collected on uncultivated hosts and on crops, revealing a relatively limited gene flow between the uncultivated margins and the cultivated part of the agroecosystem. A closer genetic relatedness was observed between populations living on plants belonging to the same tribe (Triticeae, Poeae and Aveneae tribes) where aphid genotypes appeared not to be specialized on a single host, but rather using a group of related plant species. Causes of this ecological differentiation and its implications for integrated pest management ofS. avenaeas cereals pest are discussed.
Published: 2005
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25 results on '"Aude Vialatte"'

1. Landscape floral resources provided by rapeseed correlate with next-year reproduction of cavity-nesting pollinators in a national participatory monitoring program

2. Promoting crop pest control by plant diversification in agricultural landscapes: A conceptual framework for analysing feedback loops between agro-ecological and socio-economic effects

3. Inconsistent responses of conservation biocontrol to landscape structure: new insights from a network-based review

4. Configurational crop heterogeneity increases within‐field plant diversity

5. Spatiotemporal dynamics of the agricultural landscape mosaic drives distribution and abundance of dominant carabid beetles

6. Increasing crop heterogeneity enhances multitrophic diversity across agricultural regions

7. Biotic predictors complement models of bat and bird responses to climate and tree diversity in European forests

8. A conceptual framework for the governance of multiple ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes

9. First use of participatory Bayesian modeling to study habitat management at multiple scales for biological pest control

10. Ecosystem services, social interdependencies, and collective action: a conceptual framework

11. Migration and dispersal may drive to high genetic variation and significant genetic mixing: the case of two agriculturally important, continental hoverflies (Episyrphus balteatus and Sphaerophoria scripta)

12. Simulating spatially-explicit crop dynamics of agricultural landscapes: The ATLAS simulator

13. A participatory Bayesian Belief Network approach to explore ambiguity among stakeholders about socio-ecological systems

14. Landscape potential for pollen provisioning for beneficial insects favours biological control in crop fields

15. Tree diversity reduces pest damage in mature forests across Europe

16. Phytophagy on phylogenetically isolated trees: why hosts should escape their relatives

17. Can deuterium stable isotope values be used to assign the geographic origin of an auxiliary hoverfly in south-western France?

18. Improvement of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV detection in single aphids using a fluorescent real time RT-PCR

19. Tree Diversity Limits the Impact of an Invasive Forest Pest

20. Lack of genetic differentiation between contrasted overwintering strategies of a major pest predator Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae): implications for biocontrol

21. Grassy strips in their landscape context, their role as new habitat for biodiversity

22. Phylogenetic isolation of host trees affects assembly of local Heteroptera communities

23. Phylogeography and historical demography of the Lusitanian snail Elona quimperiana reveal survival in unexpected separate glacial refugia

24. Farm-scale assessment of movement patterns and colonisation dynamics of the grain aphid in arable crops and hedgerows

25. Limited genetic exchanges between populations of an insect pest living on uncultivated and related cultivated host plants

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