Author: "Eder Martioli" / Topic: 01 natural sciences - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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23 results on '"Eder Martioli"'

1. SPIRou: NIR velocimetry and spectropolarimetry at the CFHT

Author: L. Parès, M. J. Hobson, F. Dolon, Marielle Lacombe, C. Moutou, Gregory Barrick, S Macdonald, Tom Ray, Pascal Fouqué, B Dubois, S. H. P. Alencar, Xavier Bonfils, John Pazder, Francois Wildi, Étienne Artigau, J Dunn, E Carrié, M Larrieu, D. Kouach, P. Figueira, Bruno Castilho, Tom Benedict, Y Micheau, Stéphane Udry, Simon Thibault, René Doyon, V. Reshetov, Bruno Chazelas, Eder Martioli, Chi-Hung Yan, Nuno C. Santos, Isabelle Boisse, Oscar F. Hernández, Neil Cook, P. Rabou, François Moreau, C Feugeade, R. Sottile, Tom Vermeulen, Leslie Saddlemyer, François Bouchy, Jerome Bouvier, S. Perruchot, G Gallou, Shiang-Yu Wang, F. Henault, Philippe Vallée, Julien Morin, Sébastien Baratchart, A. Carmona, X. Delfosse, M Dupieux, Nicolas Striebig, Marc Baril, Luc Arnold, Z Challita, Francesco Pepe, I Wevers, J.-F. Donati, Lison Malo, Guillaume Hébrard, C Usher, H Valentin, D Kerley, Tilo Steinmetz, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departement de physique and Observatoire du Mont Megantic, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Département de Physique [Montréal], Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, Planet, law, techniques: radial velocities, stars: magnetic fields, 0103 physical sciences, planetary systems, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, instrumentation: spectrographs, Physics, stars: formation, instrumentation: polarimeters, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Velocimetry, Planetary system, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Exoplanet, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: This paper presents an overview of SPIRou, the new-generation near-infrared spectropolarimeter / precision velocimeter recently installed on the 3.6-m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Starting from the two main science goals, namely the quest for planetary systems around nearby M dwarfs and the study of magnetized star / planet formation, we outline the instrument concept that was designed to efficiently address these forefront topics, and detail the in-lab and on-sky instrument performances measured throughout the intensive testing phase that SPIRou was submitted to before passing the final acceptance review in early 2019 and initiating science observations. With a central position among the newly started programmes, the SPIRou Legacy Survey (SLS) Large Programme was allocated 300 CFHT nights until at least mid 2022. We also briefly describe a few of the first results obtained in the various science topics that SPIRou started investigating, focusing in particular on planetary systems of nearby M dwarfs, transiting exoplanets and their atmospheres, magnetic fields of young stars, but also on alternate science goals like the atmospheres of M dwarfs and the Earth's atmosphere. We finally conclude on the essential role that SPIRou and the CFHT can play in coordination with forthcoming major facilities like the JWST, the ELTs, PLATO and ARIEL over the decade., Comment: MNRAS, in press (20 pages, 18 figures, 1 table)
Published: 2020

2. Characterizing Exoplanetary Atmospheres at High Resolution with SPIRou: Detection of Water on HD 189733 b

Author: Ray Jayawardhana, Pascal Fouqué, Romain Allart, Claire Moutou, Antoine Darveau-Bernier, Michael Radica, David Lafrenière, Baptiste Klein, J. H. C. Martins, Nuno C. Santos, Ryan Cloutier, João Gomes da Silva, Emily Deibert, Vincent Bourrier, Christophe Lovis, Étienne Artigau, Pedro Figueira, Jean-François Donati, Anne Boucher, Xavier Bonfils, Björn Benneke, Eder Martioli, René Doyon, Xavier Delfosse, Thierry Forveille, Jonathan Gagné, Stefan Pelletier, Guillaume Hébrard, Luc Arnold, Eric Gaidos, David Ehrenreich, Neil Cook, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Atmosphere, Telescope, Planet, law, 0103 physical sciences, Hot Jupiter, Mixing ratio, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Transit (astronomy), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Exoplanet, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Bar (unit)
Abstract: We present the first exoplanet atmosphere detection made as part of the SPIRou Legacy Survey, a Large Observing Program of 300 nights exploiting the capabilities of SPIRou, the new near-infrared high-resolution (R ~ 70 000) spectro-polarimeter installed on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT; 3.6-m). We observed two transits of HD 189733, an extensively studied hot Jupiter that is known to show prominent water vapor absorption in its transmission spectrum. When combining the two transits, we successfully detect the planet's water vapor absorption at 5.9 sigma using a cross-correlation t-test, or with a Delta BIC >10 using a log-likelihood calculation. Using a Bayesian retrieval framework assuming a parametrized T-P profile atmosphere models, we constrain the planet atmosphere parameters, in the region probed by our transmission spectrum, to the following values: VMR[H2O] = -4.4^{+0.4}_{-0.4}, and P_cloud >~ 0.2 bar (grey clouds), both of which are consistent with previous studies of this planet. Our retrieved water volume mixing ratio is slightly sub-solar although, combining it with the previously retrieved super-solar CO abundances from other studies would imply super-solar C/O ratio. We furthermore measure a net blue shift of the planet signal of -4.62^{+0.46}_{-0.44} km s-1, which is somewhat larger than many previous measurements and unlikely to result solely from winds in the planet's atmosphere, although it could possibly be explained by a transit signal dominated by the trailing limb of the planet. This large blue shift is observed in all the different detection/retrieval methods that were performed and in each of the two transits independently., 24 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Published: 2021

3. A compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars

Author: Vardan Adibekyan, Olivier Demangeon, Christoph Mordasini, Nuno C. Santos, Barbara M. T. B. Soares, Garik Israelian, João P. Faria, Caroline Dorn, Yoichi Takeda, Mahmoudreza Oshagh, Eder Martioli, S. C. C. Barros, Emiliano Jofré, A. A. Hakobyan, Pedro Figueira, Masanobu Kunitomo, S. G. Sousa, Elisa Delgado Mena, Romina Petrucci, Bertram Bitsch, University of Zurich, and Adibekyan, Vardan
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Structured model, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, 1000 Multidisciplinary, Multidisciplinary, Host (biology), 520 Astronomy, Composition (combinatorics), 620 Engineering, Exoplanet, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, 10231 Institute for Computational Science, Terrestrial planet, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Stars and planets both form by accreting material from a surrounding disk. Because they grow from the same material, theory predicts that there should be a relationship between their compositions. In this study, we search for a compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars. We estimate the iron-mass fraction of rocky exoplanets from their masses and radii and compare it with the compositions of their host stars, which we assume reflect the compositions of the protoplanetary disks. We find a correlation (but not a 1:1 relationship) between these two quantities, with a slope of >4, which we interpret as being attributable to planet formation processes. Super-Earths and super-Mercuries appear to be distinct populations with differing compositions, implying differences in their formation processes., Authors' version of the manuscript. Published in Science
Published: 2021

4. Where Is the Water? Jupiter-like C/H Ratio but Strong H 2 O Depletion Found on τ Boötis b Using SPIRou

Author: Neil Cook, Charles Cadieux, Claire Moutou, David Lafrenière, J. H. C. Martins, Antoine Darveau-Bernier, Guillaume Hébrard, Stefan Pelletier, Simon Delisle, Romain Allart, Pascal Fouqué, Jean-François Donati, Björn Benneke, Caroline Piaulet, Anne Boucher, Louis-Philippe Coulombe, Étienne Artigau, René Doyon, Thomas Vandal, Eder Martioli, Xavier Delfosse, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Molecular spectroscopy, 01 natural sciences, Astronomical instrumentation, Jupiter, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The present-day envelope of gaseous planets is a relic of how these giant planets originated and evolved. Measuring their elemental composition therefore presents a powerful opportunity to answer long-standing questions regarding planet formation. Obtaining precise observational constraints on the elemental inventory of giant exoplanets has, however, remained challenging due to the limited simultaneous wavelength coverage of current space-based instruments. Here, we present thermal emission observations of the non-transiting hot Jupiter $\tau$ Boo b using the new wide wavelength coverage (0.95$-$2.50$\,\mu$m) and high spectral resolution ($R=70\,000$) SPIRou spectrograph. By combining a total of 20 hours of SPIRou data obtained over five nights in a full atmospheric retrieval framework designed for high-resolution data, we constrain the abundances of all the major oxygen- and carbon-bearing molecules and recover a non-inverted temperature structure using a new free-shape, nonparametric TP profile retrieval approach. We find a volume mixing ratio of log(CO)$\,\,=-2.46_{-0.29}^{+0.25}$ and a highly depleted water abundance of less than $0.0072$ times the value expected for a solar composition envelope. Combined with upper limits on the abundances of CH$_4$, CO$_2$, HCN, TiO, and C$_2$H$_2$, this results in a gas-phase C/H ratio of 5.85$_{-2.82}^{+4.44}\times\,$solar, consistent with the value of Jupiter, and an envelope C/O ratio robustly greater than 0.60, even when taking into account the oxygen that may be sequestered out of the gas-phase. Combined, the inferred super-solar C/H, O/H, and C/O ratios on $\tau$ Boo b support a formation scenario beyond the water snowline in a disk enriched in CO due to pebble drift., Comment: 27 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Published: 2021

5. The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. XVII. A wealth of new objects: Six cool Jupiters, three brown dwarfs, and 16 low-mass binary stars

Author: J. Rey, M. J. Hobson, C. Lovis, Vincent Bourrier, Magali Deleuil, N. Heidari, O. Mousis, Flavien Kiefer, S. Dalal, C. Moutou, Eder Martioli, P. Cortés-Zuleta, Nicola Astudillo-Defru, Johannes Sahlmann, Luc Arnold, Isabelle Boisse, L. Mignon, François Bouchy, Olivier Demangeon, Alexandre Santerne, Xavier Bonfils, Nathan Hara, Guillaume Hébrard, Rodrigo F. Díaz, Stéphane Udry, Nuno C. Santos, Damien Ségransan, X. Delfosse, T. Forveille, T. Lopez, S. G. Sousa, B. Brugger, P. A. Strøm, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, BROWN DWARFS, SPECTROGRAPHS [INSTRUMENTATION], Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, RADIAL VELOCITIES [TECHNIQUES], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], ASTROMETRY, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, PLANETARY SYSTEMS, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Giant planet, Astronomy and Astrophysics, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Planetary system, Exoplanet, Radial velocity, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, LOW-MASS [STARS], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Distinguishing classes within substellar objects and understanding their formation and evolution need larger samples of substellar companions such as exoplanets, brown dwarfs, and low-mass stars. In this paper, we look for substellar companions using radial velocity surveys of FGK stars with the SOPHIE spectrograph at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence. We assign here the radial velocity variations of 27 stars to their orbital motion induced by low-mass companions. We also constrained their plane-of-the-sky motion using HIPPARCOS and Gaia Data Release 1 measurements, which constrain the true masses of some of these companions. We report the detection and characterization of six cool Jupiters, three brown dwarf candidates, and 16 low-mass stellar companions. We additionally update the orbital parameters of the low-mass star HD 8291 B, and we conclude that the radial velocity variations of HD 204277 are likely due to stellar activity despite resembling the signal of a giant planet. One of the new giant planets, BD+631405 b, adds to the population of highly eccentric cool Jupiters, and it is presently the most massive member. Two of the cool Jupiter systems also exhibit signatures of an additional outer companion. The orbital periods of the new companions span 30 days to 11.5 years, their masses 0.72 Jupiter mass to 0.61 Solar mass, and their eccentricities 0.04 to 0.88. These discoveries probe the diversity of substellar objects and low-mass stars, which will help constrain the models of their formation and evolution., Comment: 27 pages, 14 figures, 13 tables, Accepted in A&A
Published: 2021

6. TOI-1296b and TOI-1298b observed with TESS and SOPHIE: Two hot Saturn-mass exoplanets with different densities around metal-rich stars

Author: T. Lopez, Isabelle Boisse, S. Deheuvels, Zahra Essack, David Baker, F. Debras, P. C. König, T. Forveille, J. Villasenor, Sergio Hoyer, X. Delfosse, Keivan G. Stassun, Patricia T. Boyd, Nuno C. Santos, George R. Ricker, Guillaume Hébrard, Olivier Demangeon, C. Moutou, H. P. Osborn, C. Ziegler, P. Guerra, D. Laloum, S. C. C. Barros, Michael Vezie, R. Vanderspek, X. Bonfils, Flavien Kiefer, Joshua N. Winn, Katharine Hesse, D. W. Latham, S. Dalal, Magali Deleuil, Sara Seager, Jose-Manuel Almenara, P. Cortés-Zuleta, E. Girardin, Eder Martioli, Jon M. Jenkins, Paul Benni, Allyson Bieryla, Karen A. Collins, N. Heidari, Bill Wohler, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto (CAUP), Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Física e Astronomia [Porto] (DFA/FCUP), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Universidade do Porto-Universidade do Porto, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, The University of Chicago Medicine [Chicago], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Space Research [Cambridge] (CSR), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Stephen F. Austin State University, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto-Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, and ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, techniques: photometric, Planet, Saturn, 0103 physical sciences, techniques: radial velocities, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, planetary systems, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Subgiant, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, Exoplanet, planets and satellites: gaseous planets, Radial velocity, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, methods: observational, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the discovery of two new transiting extrasolar planet candidates identified as TOI-1296.01 and TOI-1298.01 by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The planetary nature of these candidates has been secured with the SOPHIE high-precision spectrograph through the measurement of the companion’s mass with the radial velocity method. Both planets are similar to Saturn in mass and have similar orbital periods of a few days. They, however, show discrepant radii and therefore different densities. The radius discrepancy might be explained by the different levels of irradiation by the host stars. The subgiant star TOI-1296 hosts a low-density planet with 1.2 RJup while the less luminous, lower-size star TOI-1298 hosts a much denser planet with a 0.84 RJup radius, resulting in bulk densities of 0.198 and 0.743 g cm−3, respectively.In addition, both stars are strongly enriched in heavy elements, having metallicities of +0.44 and +0.49 dex, respectively. The planet masses and orbital periods are 0.298 ± 0.039 MJup and 3.9443715 ± 5.8 ± 10−6 days for TOI-1296b, and 0.356 ± 0.032 MJup and 4.537164 ± 1.2 ± 10−5 days for TOI-1298b. The mass measurements have a relative precision of better than 13%.
Published: 2021
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7. Optimization of EMCCD operating parameters for the acquisitionsystem of SPARC4

Author: Danilo H. Spadoti, Denis Varise Bernardes, and Eder Martioli
Subjects: Block cipher mode of operation, Observer (quantum physics), Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, Bayesian optimization, Mode (statistics), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Function (mathematics), Maximization, 01 natural sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Acquisition rate, 010309 optics, Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Figure of merit, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Algorithm, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: We present the Optimization Method for the Electron Multiplying Charge-Coupled Devices (EMCCDs) of the Acquisition System of the SPARC4 (OMASS4). The OMASS4 uses as figures of merit the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the acquisition rate (AR) as a function of the operation mode of the CCDs. Three different modes of optimization are included in the OMASS4: (1) optimization of SNR only; (2) optimization of AR only; and (3) optimization of both SNR and AR simultaneously. The first two modes calculate an analytical maximization of the cost function whereas the third mode uses the bayesian optimization method to determine the optimum mode of operation. We apply the OMASS4 to find the optimum mode for observations obtained at the Pico dos Dias Observatory, Brazil, and compare the delivered modes of operation and its performance with the ones adopted by the observer. If the OMASS4 had been used as a tool to optimize the CCDs in all of these nights, it would be possible to improve their efficiency in 97.17 %, 65.08 %, and 77.66 % for the optimization modes 1, 2, and 3, respectively., Comment: 27 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2021
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8. Early science with SPIRou: near-infrared radial velocity and spectropolarimetry of the planet-hosting star HD 189733

Author: Isabelle Boisse, Julien Morin, G. Gaisne, M. J. Hobson, X. Delfosse, Jean-François Donati, Neil Cook, René Doyon, S. Dalal, Guillaume Hébrard, Eder Martioli, A. Carmona, C. Moutou, B. Klein, P. Fouqué, François Bouchy, Étienne Artigau, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, Colin P. Folsom, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center,, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Departement de physique and Observatoire du Mont Megantic, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Hot Jupiter, stars: activity, techniques: radial velocities, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Spectral resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), planetary systems, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Orbital elements, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Zeeman effect, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, stars: magnetic field, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planetary system, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Exoplanet, Radial velocity, techniques: polarimetric, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, techniques: spectroscopic, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: SPIRou is the newest spectropolarimeter and high-precision velocimeter that has recently been installed at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope on Maunakea, Hawaii. It operates in the near-infrared and simultaneously covers the 0.98–2.35 μm domain at high spectral resolution. SPIRou is optimized for exoplanet search and characterization with the radial-velocity technique, and for polarization measurements in stellar lines and subsequent magnetic field studies. The host of the transiting hot Jupiter HD 189733 b has been observed during early science runs. We present the first near-infrared spectropolarimetric observations of the planet-hosting star as well as the stellar radial velocities as measured by SPIRou throughout the planetary orbit and two transit sequences. The planetary orbit and Rossiter-McLaughlin anomaly are both investigated and modeled. The orbital parameters and obliquity are all compatible with the values found in the optical. The obtained radial-velocity precision is compatible with about twice the photon-noise estimates for a K2 star under these conditions. The additional scatter around the orbit, of about 8 m s−1, agrees with previous results that showed that the activity-induced scatter is the dominant factor. We analyzed the polarimetric signal, Zeeman broadening, and chromospheric activity tracers such as the 1083nm HeI and the 1282nm Paβ lines to investigate stellar activity. First estimates of the average unsigned magnetic flux from the Zeeman broadening of the FeI lines give a magnetic flux of 290 ± 58 G, and the large-scale longitudinal field shows typical values of a few Gauss. These observations illustrate the potential of SPIRou for exoplanet characterization and magnetic and stellar activity studies.
Published: 2020

9. Spin-orbit alignment and magnetic activity in the young planetary system AU Mic

Author: Neil Cook, Andres Carmona, J. Berberian, Angelle Tanner, Eric Gaidos, Étienne Artigau, C. Moutou, Ryan Cloutier, Eder Martioli, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, Johanna Teske, T. Forveille, Julien Morin, Nadine Manset, Peter Plavchan, René Doyon, S. Dalal, B. Cale, Jean-François Donati, P. Fouqué, X. Delfosse, Songhu Wang, Guillaume Hébrard, B. Klein, Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center,, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Departement de physique and Observatoire du Mont Megantic, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Swiss Bee Research Centre, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, and ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018)
Subjects: FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Protoplanetary disk, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, stars: activity, techniques: radial velocities, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, stars: individual: AU Mic, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, planetary systems, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Debris disk, Zeeman effect, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Stellar rotation, stars: magnetic field, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planetary system, Radial velocity, Orbit, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present high resolution near-infrared spectropolarimetric observations using the SPIRou instrument at CFHT during a transit of the recently detected young planet AU Mic b, with supporting spectroscopic data from iSHELL at IRTF. We detect Zeeman signatures in the Stokes V profiles, and measure a mean longitudinal magnetic field of $\overline{B}_\ell=46.3\pm0.7$~G. Rotationally modulated magnetic spots likely cause long-term variations of the field with a slope of $d{B_\ell}/dt=-108.7\pm7.7$~G/d. We apply the cross-correlation technique to measure line profiles and obtain radial velocities through CCF template matching. We find an empirical linear relationship between radial velocity and $B_\ell$, which allows us to estimate the radial velocity variations which stellar activity induces through rotational modulation of spots for the five hours of continuous monitoring of AU Mic with SPIRou. We model the corrected radial velocities for the classical Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, using MCMC to sample the posterior distribution of the model parameters. This analysis shows that the orbit of AU Mic b is prograde and aligned with the stellar rotation axis with a sky-projected spin-orbit obliquity of $\lambda=0^{+18}_{-15}$ degrees. The aligned orbit of AU Mic b indicates that it formed in the protoplanetary disk that evolved to the current debris disk around AU Mic., Comment: Manuscript accepted for publication on 07/08/2020 as a Letter in Astronomy and Astrophysics, section 1
Published: 2020

10. DRAGraces: A pipeline for the GRACES high-resolution spectrograph at Gemini

Author: Eder Martioli, Shunyuan Mao, Jeffrey L. Carlin, Michael J. Lundquist, André-Nicolas Chené, and Usability Testing
Subjects: Physics, Pipeline (computing), High resolution, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Space and Planetary Science, Computer graphics (images), 0103 physical sciences, 0210 nano-technology, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Spectrograph, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: This paper describes the software DRAGraces (Data Reduction and Analysis for GRACES), which is a pipeline reducing spectra from GRACES (Gemini Remote Access to the CFHT ESPaDOnS Spectrograph) at the Gemini North Telescope. The code is written in the IDL language. It is designed to find all the GRACES frames in a given directory, automatically determine the list of bias, flat, arc and science frames, and perform the whole reduction and extraction within a few minutes. We compare the output from DRAGraces with that of OPERA, a pipeline developed at CFHT that also can extract GRACES spectra. Both pipelines were developed completely independently, yet they give very similar extracted spectra. They both have their advantages and disadvantages. For instance, DRAGraces is more straightforward and easy to use and is less likely to be derailed by a parameter that needs to be tweaked, while OPERA offers a more careful extraction that can be significantly superior when the highest resolution is required and when the signal-to-noise ratio is low. One should compare both before deciding which one to use for their science. Yet, both pipelines deliver a fairly comparable resolution power (R~52.8k and 36.6k for DRAGraces and R~58k and 40k for OPERA in high and low-resolution spectral modes, respectively), wavelength solution and signal-to-noise ratio per resolution element., Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for AJ publication
Published: 2020
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11. New constraints on the planetary system around the young active star AU Mic. Two transiting warm Neptunes near mean-motion resonance

Author: Eder Martioli, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, Alexandre C. M. Correia, Guillaume Hébrard, and Jacques Laskar
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), education.field_of_study, Starspot, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, Planetary system, Light curve, Orbital period, Exoplanet, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: AU Mic is a young, active star whose transiting planet was recently detected. We report our analysis of its TESS data, where we modeled the BY Draconis type quasi-periodic rotational modulation by starspots simultaneously to the flaring activity and planetary transits. We measured a flare occurrence rate of 6.35 flares per day for flares with amplitudes in the range of $0.06\% < f_{\rm max} < 1.5\%$ of the star flux. We employed a Bayesian MCMC analysis to model the five transits of AU Mic b, improving the constraints on the planetary parameters. The planet radius of $4.07\pm0.17$~R$_{\oplus}$ and a mean density of $1.4\pm0.4$~g~cm$^{-3}$ confirms that it is a Neptune-size moderately inflated planet. While a single feature possibly due to a second planet was previously reported in the former TESS data, we report the detection of two additional transit-like events in the new TESS observations of July 2020. This represents substantial evidence for a second planet (AU Mic c) in the system. We analyzed its three transits and obtained an orbital period of $18.859019\pm0.000016$~d and a planetary radius of $3.24\pm0.16$~R$_{\oplus}$, which defines it as a warm Neptune-size planet with an expected mass in the range of 2.2~M$_{\oplus}$~$< M_{\rm c} < $25.0~M$_{\oplus}$. The two planets in the system are in near 9:4 mean-motion resonance. We show that this configuration is dynamically stable and should produce transit-timing variations (TTV). Our non-detection of significant TTV in AU Mic b suggests an upper limit for the mass of AU Mic c of $, Accepted for publication in Section 10. Planets and planetary systems of A&A
Published: 2020
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12. Investigating the young AU~Mic system with SPIRou: large-scale stellar magnetic field and close-in planet mass

Author: Claire Moutou, Eder Martioli, Baptiste Klein, Jean-François Donati, Eric Gaidos, Xavier Delfosse, Julien Rameau, Étienne Artigau, René Doyon, Ryan Cloutier, Guillaume Hébrard, Pascal Fouqué, Xavier Bonfils, Julien Morin, Peter Plavchan, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018)
Subjects: Brightness, polarimetric -techniques, imaging -stars, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, magnetic fields, 01 natural sciences, formation -stars, Planet, radial velocities -planets and satellites, 0103 physical sciences, Differential rotation, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Surface brightness, individual, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), AU Microscopii -stars, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Debris disk, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Stellar magnetic field, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radial velocity, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, techniques, Planetary mass, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a velocimetric and spectropolarimetric analysis of 27 observations of the 22-Myr M1 star AU Microscopii (Au Mic) collected with the high-resolution $YJHK$ (0.98-2.35 $\mu$m) spectropolarimeter SPIRou from 2019 September 18 to November 14. Our radial velocity (RV) time-series exhibits activity-induced fluctuations of 45 m/s RMS, about three times smaller than those measured in the optical domain, that we filter using Gaussian Process Regression. We report a 3.9$\sigma$-detection of the recently-discovered 8.46-d transiting planet AU Mic b, with an estimated mass of $17.1^{+4.7}_{-4.5}$ M$_{\odot}$ and a bulk density of $1.3 \pm 0.4$ g/cm$^{-3}$, inducing a RV signature of semi-amplitude $K=8.5^{+2.3}_{-2.2}$ m/s in the spectrum of its host star. A consistent detection is independently obtained when we simultaneously image stellar surface inhomogeneities and estimate the planet parameters with Zeeman-Doppler Imaging (ZDI). Using ZDI, we invert the time series of unpolarized and circularly-polarized spectra into surface brightness and large-scale magnetic maps. We find a mainly poloidal and axisymmetric field of 475 G, featuring, in particular, a dipole of 450 G tilted at 19{\deg} to the rotation axis. Moreover, we detect a strong differential rotation of d$\Omega = 0.167 \pm 0.009$ rad/d shearing the large-scale field, about twice stronger than that shearing the brightness distribution, suggesting that both observables probe different layers of the convective zone. Even though we caution that more RV measurements are needed to accurately pin down the planet mass, AU Mic b already appears as a prime target for constraining planet formation models, studying the interactions with the surrounding debris disk, and characterizing its atmosphere with upcoming space- and ground-based missions., Comment: 19 pages, 20 figures, MNRAS, in press
Published: 2020
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13. The Peculiar Chemical Pattern of the WASP-160 Binary System: Signatures of Planetary Formation and Evolution?

Author: Emiliano Jofré, Romina Petrucci, Yilen Gómez Maqueo Chew, Ivan Ramírez, Carlos Saffe, Eder Martioli, Andrea P. Buccino, Martin Mašek, Luciano García, Eliab F. Canul, and Mercedes Gómez
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Wide binary stars with similar components hosting planets provide a favorable opportunity for exploring the star-planet chemical connection. We perform a detailed characterization of the solar-type stars in the WASP-160 binary system. No planet has been reported yet around WASP-160A while WASP-160B is known to host a transiting Saturn-mass planet, WASP-160B b. For this planet, we also derive updated properties from both literature and new observations. Furthermore, using TESS photometry, we constrain the presence of transiting planets around WASP-160A and additional ones around WASP-160B. The stellar characterization includes, for the first time, the computation of high-precision differential atmospheric and chemical abundances of 25 elements based on high-quality Gemini-GRACES spectra. Our analysis reveals evidence of a correlation between the differential abundances and the condensation temperatures of the elements. In particular, we find both a small but significant deficit of volatiles and an enhancement of refractory elements in WASP-160B relative to WASP-160A. After WASP-94, this is the second stellar pair among the shortlist of planet-hosting binaries showing this kind of peculiar chemical pattern. Although we discuss several plausible planet formation and evolution scenarios for WASP-160A and B that could explain the observed chemical pattern, none of them can be conclusively accepted or rejected. Future high-precision photometric and spectroscopic follow-up, as well as high-contrast imaging observations, of WASP-160A and B, might provide further constraints on the real origin of the detected chemical differences., Comment: Accepted for publication in AJ, 28 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables
Published: 2021

14. TOI–1278 B: SPIRou Unveils a Rare Brown Dwarf Companion in Close-in Orbit around an M Dwarf

Author: David Lafrenière, J. H. C. Martins, François Bouchy, Michael B. Lund, Thierry Forveille, Isabelle Boisse, Étienne Artigau, Pedro Figueira, Giuseppe Marino, Jean-François Donati, Neil Cook, Lison Malo, Julien Morin, Antonio Frasca, Xavier Bonfils, Claire Moutou, Thomas Vandal, George R. Ricker, Nuno C. Santos, Farbod Jahandar, Jason F. Rowe, Luc Arnold, P. Cortés-Zuleta, Stefan Pelletier, Eder Martioli, Guillermo Torres, Charles Cadieux, Guillaume Hébrard, Jonathan Gagné, Andres Carmona, Riccardo Papini, Pascal Fouqué, Eric B. Ting, Jon M. Jenkins, David W. Latham, Joshua N. Winn, Sara Seager, David R. Ciardi, René Doyon, Xavier Delfosse, Michael Fausnaugh, João Gomes da Silva, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-18-CE31-0019,SPlaSH,Recherche de planètes habitables avec SPIRou(2018), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Star (game theory), Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Transit (astronomy), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radial velocity, Photometry (astronomy), Orbit, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Eccentricity (mathematics), 0503 education, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the discovery of an $18.5\pm0.5$M$_{\rm Jup}$ brown dwarf (BD) companion to the M0V star TOI-1278. The system was first identified through a percent-deep transit in TESS photometry; further analysis showed it to be a grazing transit of a Jupiter-sized object. Radial velocity (RV) follow-up with the SPIRou near-infrared high-resolution velocimeter and spectropolarimeter in the framework of the 300-night SPIRou Legacy Survey (SLS) carried out at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) led to the detection of a Keplerian RV signal with a semi-amplitude of $2306\pm10$ m/s in phase with the 14.5-day transit period, having a slight but non-zero eccentricity. The intermediate-mass ratio ($M_\star/M_{\rm{comp}} \sim31$) is unique for having such a short separation ($0.095\pm0.001$ AU) among known M-dwarf systems. Interestingly, M dwarf-brown dwarf systems with similar mass ratios exist with separations of tens to thousands of AUs., Comment: accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Published: 2021

15. Gemini-GRACES high-quality spectra of Kepler evolved stars with transiting planets I. Detailed characterization of multi-planet systems Kepler-278 and Kepler-391

Author: Eder Martioli, C. Saffe, Edgardo Jofré, Ivan Ramirez, Andrea P. Buccino, Y. Gómez Maqueo Chew, Marcos J. Gomez, E. F. Canul, E. Moreno Hilario, Rodrigo F. Díaz, L. García, Jose-Manuel Almenara, and R. Petrucci
Subjects: ABUNDANCES [STARS], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS [STARS], purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], INDIVIDUAL: KEPLER-278 [STARS], Planet, 0103 physical sciences, PLANETARY SYSTEMS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, SPECTROSCOPIC [TECHNIQUES], Astronomy and Astrophysics, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Planetary system, Light curve, Photoevaporation, Red-giant branch, INDIVIDUAL: KEPLER-391 [STARS], Stars, Thin disk, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: (abridged) Kepler-278 and Kepler-391 are two of the three evolved stars known to date on the RGB to host multiple short-period transiting planets. Moreover, these planets are among the smallest discovered around RGB stars. Here we present a detailed stellar and planetary characterization of these remarkable systems. Based on high-quality spectra from Gemini-GRACES for Kepler-278 and Kepler-391, we obtained refined stellar parameters and precise chemical abundances for 25 elements. Also, combining our new stellar parameters with a photodynamical analysis of the Kepler light curves, we determined accurate planetary properties of both systems. The precise spectroscopic parameters of Kepler-278 and Kepler-391, along with their high $^{12}\mathrm{C}/^{13}\mathrm{C}$ ratios, show that both stars are just starting their ascent on the RGB. The planets Kepler-278b, Kepler-278c, and Kepler-391c are warm sub-Neptunes, whilst Kepler-391b is a hot sub-Neptune that falls in the hot super-Earth desert and, therefore, it might be undergoing photoevaporation of its outer envelope. The high-precision obtained in the transit times allowed us not only to confirm Kepler-278c's TTV signal, but also to find evidence of a previously undetected TTV signal for the inner planet Kepler-278b. From the presence of gravitational interaction between these bodies we constrain, for the first time, the mass of Kepler-278b ($M_{\mathrm{p}}$ = 56 $\substack{+37\\-13}$ $M_{\mathrm{\oplus}}$) and Kepler-278c ($M_{\mathrm{p}}$ = 35 $\substack{+9.9\\ -21} $ $M_{\mathrm{\oplus}}$). Finally, our photodynamical analysis also shows that the orbits of both planets around Kepler-278 are highly eccentric ($e \sim$ 0.7) and, surprisingly, coplanar. Further observations of this system are needed to confirm the eccentricity values presented here., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 33 pages, 22 figures, 4 tables -v2: Some language editing included and typos corrected
Published: 2019
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16. Determining the true mass of radial-velocity exoplanets with Gaia

Author: Eder Martioli, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, Guillaume Hébrard, Alfred Vidal-Madjar, Flavien Kiefer, and S. Dalal
Subjects: Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Metallicity, Brown dwarf, Minimum mass, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Exoplanet, Radial velocity, Stars, True mass, Space and Planetary Science, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Mass is one of the most important parameters for determining the true nature of an astronomical object. Yet, many published exoplanets lack a measurement of their true mass, in particular those detected as a result of radial-velocity (RV) variations of their host star. For those examples, only the minimum mass, or m sin i, is known, owing to the insensitivity of RVs to the inclination of the detected orbit compared to the plane of the sky. The mass that is given in databases is generally that of an assumed edge-on system (~90°), but many other inclinations are possible, even extreme values closer to 0° (face-on). In such a case, the mass of the published object could be strongly underestimated by up to two orders of magnitude. In the present study, we use GASTON, a recently developed tool taking advantage of the voluminous Gaia astrometric database to constrain the inclination and true mass of several hundreds of published exoplanet candidates. We find nine exoplanet candidates in the stellar or brown dwarf (BD) domain, among which six were never characterized. We show that 30 Ari B b, HD 141937 b, HD 148427 b, HD 6718 b, HIP 65891 b, and HD 16760 b have masses larger than 13.5 MJ at 3σ. We also confirm the planetary nature of 27 exoplanets, including HD 10180 c, d and g. Studying the orbital periods, eccentricities, and host-star metallicities in the BD domain, we found distributions with respect to true masses consistent with other publications. The distribution of orbital periods shows of a void of BD detections below ~100 d, while eccentricity and metallicity distributions agree with a transition between BDs similar to planets and BDs similar to stars in the range 40–50 MJ.
Published: 2020

17. Characterization of the SPARC4 CCDs

Author: C. V. Rodrigues, Eder Martioli, and D. V. Bernardes
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), Quantum efficiency, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Dark current, Monochromator
Abstract: We present the photometric characterization of the four iXon Ultra 888 CCD cameras of the SPARC4 instrument, which will be installed on the 1.6 m telescope of the Pico dos Dias Observatory in Brazil. We applied experimental methodologies for a systematic characterization of the read noise, electronic gain, dark current, and quantum efficiency of the CCDs. We have analyzed the statistical distribution of the read noise, and also its spatial gradient and temporal variability, where we obtained an average value of the read noise of 6.33 electrons. We applied the Janesick method to determine the electronic gain, where we obtained an average value of 3.35 e-/ADU. We have also obtained an average dark current of 0.00014 e-/pix/s for CCD internal temperature of -70 oC. We have inspected the dependency of the dark current with temperature and the spatial distribution of the dark current, where we found a variable profile in the CCD 9917. We developed an experiment using a bench mounted monochromator to obtain the spectral dependency of the quantum efficiency in the spectral range between 350 nm and 1100 nm, where we measured the quantum efficiency for each camera. The camera 9915 presents the highest quantum efficiency of 95.8 %. Our results are compared with those from the manufacturer. These experiments allow us to diagnose the performance of these CCD cameras, an important sub-system of the SPARC4 instrument. It also provides a systematic way for monitoring the aging of the CCDs.
Published: 2018

18. A survey of eight hot Jupiters in secondary eclipse using WIRCam at CFHT

Author: B. Scott Gaudi, Thomas G. Beatty, Daniel Bayliss, George Zhou, David J. James, Joshua Pepper, Knicole D. Colón, Daniel Angerhausen, Daniel J. Stevens, Ramarao Tata, Keivan G. Stassun, Joseph E. Rodriguez, Eder Martioli, Jason D. Eastman, Paul Wilson, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Brightness, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Article, law.invention, Telescope, Photometry (optics), law, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Hot Jupiter, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Black-body radiation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), 520 Astronomy, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Internal heating, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Data reduction, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present near infrared high-precision photometry for eight transiting hot Jupiters observed during their predicted secondary eclipses. Our observations were carried out using the staring mode of the WIRCam instrument on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). We present the observing strategies and data reduction methods which delivered time series photometry with statistical photometric precisionas low as 0.11%. We performed a Bayesian analysis to model the eclipse parameters and systematics simultaneously. The measured planet-to-star flux ratios allowed us to constrain the thermal emission from the day side of these hot Jupiters, as we derived the planet brightness temperatures. Our results combined with previously observed eclipses reveal an excess in the brightness temperatures relative to the blackbody prediction for the equilibrium temperatures of the planets for a wide range of heat redistribution factors. We find a trend that this excess appears to be larger for planets with lower equilibrium temperatures. This may imply some additional sources of radiation, such as reflected light from the host star and/or thermal emission from residual internal heat from the formation of the planet., 17 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Published: 2018

19. SPIRou input catalogue: activity, rotation and magnetic field of cool dwarfs

Author: Eder Martioli, Andoni Torres‐rivas, Élodie M. Hébrard, René Doyon, Étienne Artigau, Julien Morin, Lison Malo, C. Moutou, Pascal Fouqué, X. Delfosse, Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), York University [Toronto], Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur les Exoplanètes (iREX), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), SPIRou Legacy Survey, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke], Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, symbols.namesake, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Chromosphere, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Line (formation), Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Zeeman effect, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, individual: GJ 1289, planet search-stars, Magnetic field, Radial velocity, low-mass stars, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, radial velocity, symbols, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, GJ 251, GJ 793, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Based on optical high-resolution spectra obtained with CFHT/ESPaDOnS, we present new measurements of activity and magnetic field proxies of 442 low-mass K5-M7 dwarfs. The objects were analysed as potential targets to search for planetary-mass companions with the new spectropolarimeter and high-precision velocimeter, SPIRou. We have analysed their high-resolution spectra in an homogeneous way: circular polarisation, chromospheric features, and Zeeman broadening of the FeH infrared line. The complex relationship between these activity indicators is analysed: while no strong connection is found between the large-scale and small-scale magnetic fields, the latter relates with the non-thermal flux originating in the chromosphere. We then examine the relationship between various activity diagnostics and the optical radial-velocity jitter available in the literature, especially for planet host stars. We use this to derive for all stars an activity merit function (higher for quieter stars) with the goal of identifying the most favorable stars where the radial-velocity jitter is low enough for planet searches. We find that the main contributors to the RV jitter are the large-scale magnetic field and the chromospheric non-thermal emission. In addition, three stars (GJ 1289, GJ 793, and GJ 251) have been followed along their rotation using the spectropolarimetric mode, and we derive their magnetic topology. These very slow rotators are good representatives of future SPIRou targets. They are compared to other stars where the magnetic topology is also known. The poloidal component of the magnetic field is predominent in all three stars., to be published in MNRAS
Published: 2017

20. SPIRou Input Catalogue: Global properties of 440 M dwarfs observed with ESPaDOnS at CFHT

Author: A. S. Rajpurohit, Raphaël Delage, Étienne Artigau, René Doyon, X. Delfosse, T. Forveille, Julien Morin, Vasco Neves, C. Moutou, Pascal Fouqué, Lison Malo, Olivia Lim, Élodie M. Hébrard, Jean-François Donati, Eder Martioli, Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica, Physical Research Laboratory [Ahmedabad] (PRL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Toronto], York University [Toronto], Instituto Federal do Paraná, SPIRou Legacy Survey, Université de Montréal, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Agronômico do Parana (IAPAR), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)
Subjects: Metallicity, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Rotation, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Planet, law, stars: low-mass, stars: rotation, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation), instrumentation: spectrographs, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Effective temperature, Radial velocity, Stars, binaries: general, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, stars: fundamental parameters, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, binaries: spectroscopic
Abstract: Present and future high-precision radial-velocity spectrometers dedicated to the discovery of low-mass planets orbiting low-mass dwarfs need to focus on the best selected stars to make an efficient use of telescope time. In the framework of the preparation of the SPIRou Input Catalog, the CoolSnap program aims at screening M dwarfs in the solar neighborhood against binarity, rapid rotation, activity, ... To optimize the selection, the present paper describes the methods used to compute effective temperature, metallicity, projected rotation velocity of a large sample of 440 M dwarfs observed in the visible with the high-resolution spectro-polarimeter ESPaDOnS at CFHT. It also summarizes known and newly-discovered spectroscopic binaries, and stars known to belong to visual multiple systems. A calibration of the projected rotation velocity versus measured line widths for M dwarfs observed by the ESPaDOnS spectro-polarimeter is derived, and the resulting values are compared to equatorial rotation velocities deduced from rotation periods and radii. A comparison of the derived effective temperatures and metallicities with literature values is also conducted. Finally, the radial velocity uncertainty of each star in the sample is estimated, to narrow down the selection of stars to be included into the SPIRou Input Catalogue (SPIC)., 34 pages, 12 figures, 13 tables, MNRAS in press December 11, 2017
Published: 2017

21. SPIRou: A nIR Spectropolarimeter/High-precision Velocimeter for the CFHT

Author: Sébastien Baratchart, L. Parès, Étienne Artigau, Pedro Figueira, Eder Martioli, Y Micheau, Leslie Saddlemyer, F. Dolon, Greg Barrick, Silvia H. P. Alencar, Francesco Pepe, René Doyon, Claire Moutou, P. Rabou, D. Kouach, Zalpha Challita, O. Hernandez, X. Delfosse, S. Tibault, Andres Carmona, Nicolas Striebig, Jerome Bouvier, Marielle Lacombe, Vladimir Reshetov, François Bouchy, Jean-François Donati, Guillaume Hébrard, S. Y. Wang, Isabelle Boisse, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gemini Observatory [Southern Operations Center], Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Fisica - ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica, Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto (CAUP), Universidade do Porto [Porto], Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade do Porto, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Telescope, Planet, law, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Cassegrain reflector, Astronomy, First light, Exoplanet, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Radial velocity, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: SPIRou is a near-infrared (nIR) spectropolarimeter / velocimeter for the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), that will focus on two forefront science topics, (i) the quest for habitable Earth-like planets around nearby M stars, and (ii) the study of low-mass star/planet formation in the presence of magnetic fields. SPIRou will also efficiently tackle many key programmes beyond these two main goals, from weather patterns on brown dwarfs to Solar-System planet and exoplanet atmospheres. SPIRou will cover a wide spectral domain in a single exposure (0.98-2.44um at a resolving power of 70K, yielding unpolarized and polarized spectra of low-mass stars with a 15% average throughput at a radial velocity (RV) precision of 1 m/s. It consists of a Cassegrain unit mounted at the Cassegrain focus of CFHT and featuring an achromatic polarimeter, coupled to a cryogenic spectrograph cooled down at 80K through a fluoride fiber link. SPIRou is currently integrated at IRAP/OMP and will be mounted at CFHT in 2017 Q4 for a first light scheduled in late 2017. Science operation is predicted to begin in 2018 S2, allowing many fruitful synergies with major ground and space instruments such as the JWST, TESS, ALMA and later-on PLATO and the ELT., Comment: Handbook of Exoplanets, in press (26 pages, 12 figures, 1 table)
Published: 2017

22. Signatures of rocky planet engulfment in HAT-P-4: Implications for chemical tagging studies

Author: M. Flores, E. Jofré, C. Saffe, Romina Petrucci, M. Jaque Arancibia, and Eder Martioli
Subjects: ABUNDANCES [STARS], INDIVIDUAL: HAT-P-4 [STARS], Ciencias Físicas, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Planet, 0103 physical sciences, PLANETARY SYSTEMS, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, GENERAL [BINARIES], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Astronomía, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Humanities, INDIVIDUAL: TYC 2569-744-1 [STARS], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract: Aims. To explore the possible chemical signature of planet formation in the binary system HAT-P-4, by studying abundance vs condensation temperature Tc trends. The star HAT-P-4 hosts a planet detected by transits while its stellar companion does not have any detected planet. We also study the Lithium content, which could shed light on the problem of Li depletion in exoplanet host stars. Conclusions. The exoplanet host star HAT-P-4 is found to be ~0.1 dex more metal rich than its companion, which is one of the highest differences in metallicity observed in similar systems. This could have important implications for chemical tagging studies, disentangling groups of stars with a common origin. We rule out a possible peculiar composition for each star as lambda Boo, delta Scuti or a Blue Straggler. The star HAT-P-4 is enhanced in refractory elements relative to volatile when compared to its stellar companion. Notably, the Lithium abundance in HAT-P-4 is greater than in its companion by ~0.3 dex, which is contrary to the model that explains the Lithium depletion by the presence of planets. We propose a scenario where, at the time of planet formation, the star HAT-P-4 locked the inner refractory material in planetesimals and rocky planets, and formed the outer gas giant planet at a greater distance. The refractories were then accreted onto the star, possibly due to the migration of the giant planet. This explains the higher metallicity, the higher Lithium content, and the negative Tc trend detected. A similar scenario was recently proposed for the solar twin star HIP 68468, which is in some aspects similar to HAT-P-4. We estimate a mass of at least Mrock ~ 10 Mearth locked in refractory material in order to reproduce the observed Tc trends and metallicity., 5 pages, 6 figures, A&A Letters accepted
Published: 2017

23. The Mass of the Candidate Exoplanet Companion to HD136118 from Hubble Space Telescope Astrometry and High-Precision Radial Velocities

Author: Barbara McArthur, G. Fritz Benedict, Amber Armstrong, Thomas E. Harrison, Jacob L. Bean, and Eder Martioli
Subjects: Physics, Orbital elements, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrometry, Planetary system, 01 natural sciences, Exoplanet, law.invention, Orbital inclination, Radial velocity, Telescope, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We use Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor astrometry and high-cadence radial velocities for HD136118 from the HET with archival data from Lick to determine the complete set of orbital parameters for HD136118b. We find an orbital inclination for the candidate exoplanet of i_{b} = 163.1 +- 3.0 deg. This establishes the actual mass of the object, M_{b} = 42^{+11}_{-18} MJup, in contrast to the minimum mass determined from the radial velocity data only, M_{b}sin{i} ~ 12 MJup. Therefore, the low-mass companion to HD 136118 is now identified as a likely brown dwarf residing in the "brown dwarf desert"., Comment: 35 pages, 12 figures, 10 tables. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2009
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23 results on '"Eder Martioli"'

1. SPIRou: NIR velocimetry and spectropolarimetry at the CFHT

2. Characterizing Exoplanetary Atmospheres at High Resolution with SPIRou: Detection of Water on HD 189733 b

3. A compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars

4. Where Is the Water? Jupiter-like C/H Ratio but Strong H 2 O Depletion Found on τ Boötis b Using SPIRou

5. The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. XVII. A wealth of new objects: Six cool Jupiters, three brown dwarfs, and 16 low-mass binary stars

6. TOI-1296b and TOI-1298b observed with TESS and SOPHIE: Two hot Saturn-mass exoplanets with different densities around metal-rich stars

7. Optimization of EMCCD operating parameters for the acquisitionsystem of SPARC4

8. Early science with SPIRou: near-infrared radial velocity and spectropolarimetry of the planet-hosting star HD 189733

9. Spin-orbit alignment and magnetic activity in the young planetary system AU Mic

10. DRAGraces: A pipeline for the GRACES high-resolution spectrograph at Gemini

11. New constraints on the planetary system around the young active star AU Mic. Two transiting warm Neptunes near mean-motion resonance

12. Investigating the young AU~Mic system with SPIRou: large-scale stellar magnetic field and close-in planet mass

13. The Peculiar Chemical Pattern of the WASP-160 Binary System: Signatures of Planetary Formation and Evolution?

14. TOI–1278 B: SPIRou Unveils a Rare Brown Dwarf Companion in Close-in Orbit around an M Dwarf

15. Gemini-GRACES high-quality spectra of Kepler evolved stars with transiting planets I. Detailed characterization of multi-planet systems Kepler-278 and Kepler-391

16. Determining the true mass of radial-velocity exoplanets with Gaia

17. Characterization of the SPARC4 CCDs

18. A survey of eight hot Jupiters in secondary eclipse using WIRCam at CFHT

19. SPIRou input catalogue: activity, rotation and magnetic field of cool dwarfs

20. SPIRou Input Catalogue: Global properties of 440 M dwarfs observed with ESPaDOnS at CFHT

21. SPIRou: A nIR Spectropolarimeter/High-precision Velocimeter for the CFHT

22. Signatures of rocky planet engulfment in HAT-P-4: Implications for chemical tagging studies

23. The Mass of the Candidate Exoplanet Companion to HD136118 from Hubble Space Telescope Astrometry and High-Precision Radial Velocities

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