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22 results on '"Low Background"'

1. Background identification in cryogenic calorimeters through $$\alpha -\alpha $$ delayed coincidences

Author

Paolo Carniti, M. Biassoni, Massimiliano Nastasi, Stefano Nisi, P. Gorla, F. Ferroni, C. Tomei, A. Giuliani, Massimiliano Clemenza, M. Beretta, L. Pattavina, G. Keppel, C. Brofferio, Simone Capelli, S. Di Domizio, Laura Cardani, C. Rusconi, Davide Chiesa, L. Pagnanini, Stefano Pozzi, M. Pavan, Jeffrey W. Beeman, C. Nones, A. Puiu, M. Vignati, K. Schäffner, A. D'Addabbo, A. S. Zolotarova, I. Dafinei, V. Pettinacci, S. Pirro, D. Orlandi, O. Azzolini, Marco Pallavicini, G. Pessina, F. Bellini, Angelo Cruciani, Ezio Previtali, C. Bucci, Miriam Lucio Martinez, L. Gironi, S.S. Nagorny, Claudio Gotti, Oliviero Cremonesi, N. Casali, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Azzolini, O, Beeman, J, Bellini, F, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Capelli, S, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Cremonesi, O, Cruciani, A, Dafinei, I, D'Addabbo, A, Di Domizio, S, Ferroni, F, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Keppel, G, Martinez, M, Nagorny, S, Nastasi, M, Nisi, S, Nones, C, Orlandi, D, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Rusconi, C, Schaffner, K, Tomei, C, Vignati, M, and Zolotarova, A

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, background identification, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, QC770-798, Delayed coincidence, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, neutrinoless double beta decay, QB460-466, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, radioactivity, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Double beta decay, low background, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Decay chain, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-DATA-AN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability [physics.data-an]
Abstract

Localization and modeling of radioactive contaminations is a challenge that ultra-low background experiments are constantly facing. These are fundamental steps both to extract scientific results and to further reduce the background of the detectors. Here we present an innovative technique based on the analysis of $$\alpha -\alpha $$ α - α delayed coincidences in $${}^{232}$$ 232 Th and $${}^{238}$$ 238 U decay chains, developed to investigate the contaminations of the ZnSe crystals in the CUPID-0 experiment. This method allows to disentangle surface and bulk contaminations of the detectors relying on the different probability to tag delayed coincidences as function of the $$\alpha $$ α decay position.

Published
2021

2. Search for dark matter in the form of hidden photons and axion-like particles in the XMASS detector

Author

Katsuki Hiraide, Y. D. Kim, Kentaro Miuchi, Shigeki Tasaka, K. Kobayashi, Hiroshi Ogawa, K. Nishijima, Shigetaka Moriyama, Y. Takeuchi, Takatoshi Suzuki, Masayuki Nakahata, K.B. Lee, Yong Hamb Kim, Nam Young Kim, B. S. Yang, M. Kobayashi, Yasuhiro Kishimoto, Masaki Yamashita, B. D. Xu, Kimiaki Masuda, Lee Min-Kie, Yoshitaka Itow, Atsushi Takeda, Hiroyuki Sekiya, Y. Fukuda, O. Takachio, K. Martens, G. Kanzaki, Ken-Ichi Fushimi, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Ko Abe, Koichi Ichimura, K. Kanzawa, M. Miyasaka, Katsuhiko Sato, N. Oka, and Shogo Nakamura

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cold dark matter, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, media_common.quotation_subject, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, 0103 physical sciences, Axion-like particle, 010306 general physics, Axion, Low background, media_common, Boson, Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), lcsh:QC1-999, Universe, chemistry, Hidden photon, Liquid xenon, lcsh:Physics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Hidden photons and axion-like particles are candidates for cold dark matter if they were produced non-thermally in the early universe. We conducted a search for both of these bosons using 800 live-days of data from the XMASS detector with 327 kg of liquid xenon in the fiducial volume. No significant signal was observed, and thus we set constraints on the $\alpha' / \alpha$ parameter related to kinetic mixing of hidden photons and the coupling constant $g_{Ae}$ of axion-like particles in the mass range from 40 to 120 keV/$c^2$, resulting in $\alpha' / \alpha < 6 \times 10^{-26}$ and $g_{Ae} < 4 \times 10^{-13}$. These limits are the most stringent derived from both direct and indirect searches to date., Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures

Published
2018

3. Conjoint expression and purification strategy for acquiring proteins with ultra-low DNA N6-methyladenine backgrounds in Escherichia coli

Author

Yan Liu, Zheng Chen, and Hailin Wang

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Methyltransferase, Biophysics, Protein Engineering, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biochemical Techniques & Resources, DNA N6-methyladenine, Protein purification, Escherichia coli, medicine, Epigenetics, Molecular Biology, Gene, Research Articles, chemistry.chemical_classification, Adenine, Escherichia coli Proteins, 010401 analytical chemistry, Cell Biology, DNA Methylation, λRed system, 0104 chemical sciences, genomic DNA, 030104 developmental biology, Enzyme, chemistry, UHPLC-MS/MS, Mutation, E. coli Rosetta (DE3), low background, DNA, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract

DNA N6-methyladenine (6mA), a kind of DNA epigenetic modification, is widespread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. An enzyme activity study coupled with 6mA detection using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadruple mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) is commonly applied to investigate 6mA potentially related enzymes in vitro. However, the protein expressed in a common Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain shows an extremely high 6mA background due to minute co-purified bacterial DNA, though it has been purified to remove DNA using multiple strategies. Furthermore, as occupied by DNA with abundant 6mA, the activity of 6mA-related proteins will be influenced seriously. Here, to address this issue, we for the first time construct a derivative of E. coli Rosetta (DE3) via the λRed knockout system specifically for the expression of 6mA-related enzymes. The gene dam encoding the 6mA methyltransferase (MTase) is knocked out in the newly constructed strain named LAMBS (low adenine methylation background strain). Contrasting with E. coli Rosetta (DE3), LAMBS shows an ultra-low 6mA background on the genomic DNA when analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS. We also demonstrate an integral strategy of protein purification, coupled with the application of LAMBS. As a result, the purified protein expressed in LAMBS exhibits an ultra-low 6mA background comparing with the one expressed in E. coli Rosetta (DE3). Our integral strategy of protein expression and purification will benefit the in vitro investigation and application of 6mA-related proteins from eukaryotes, although these proteins are elusive until now.

Published
2021

4. Copper electroplating for background suppression in the NEWS-G experiment

Author

J.-M. Coquillat, P. Knights, M. L. di Vacri, Eric W. Hoppe, I. Katsioulas, M. Zampaolo, S. Alcantar Anguiano, P. Lautridou, Kimbrelle S. Thommasson, Ken-ichiro Kobayashi, Y. Deng, R. P. Ward, A. Brossard, R. D. Martin, F. Kelly, K. Dering, G. Savvidis, D. Durnford, D. Santos, M. Gros, F. Vazquez de Sola Fernandez, S. Crawford, Ioannis Giomataris, M. Chapellier, P. Gros, I. J. Arnquist, M. Vidal, Jean-François Muraz, Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Khadouja Harouaka, R. Bunker, J.-F. Caron, P. Gorel, O. Guillaudin, E. C. Corcoran, C. Beaufort, R. E. Owen, I. Savvidis, S. Langrock, Levente Balogh, X. F. Navick, L. Kwon, J.-P. Mols, M.-C. Piro, P. O'Brien, G. Gerbier, Thomas James Neep, G. Giroux, A. Dastgheibi Fard, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), NEWS-G, and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Direct detection, Analytical chemistry, Proportional counter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, fabrication, dark matter: direct detection, 01 natural sciences, thorium: nuclide, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), uranium: nuclide, Electroforming, 0103 physical sciences, Copper plating, Dark matter, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], lead: nuclide, 010306 general physics, Electroplating, Instrumentation, Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, background: radioactivity, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), background: suppression, Low background, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Rare event, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Copper, 3. Good health, chemistry, copper, Background suppression, proportional chamber, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

New Experiments with Spheres-Gas (NEWS-G) is a dark matter direct detection experiment that will operate at SNOLAB (Canada). Similar to other rare-event searches, the materials used in the detector construction are subject to stringent radiopurity requirements. The detector features a 140-cm diameter proportional counter comprising two hemispheres made from commercially sourced 99.99% pure copper. Such copper is widely used in rare-event searches because it is readily available, there are no long-lived Cu radioisotopes, and levels of non-Cu radiocontaminants are generally low. However, measurements performed with a dedicated 210Po alpha counting method using an XIA detector confirmed a problematic concentration of 210Pb in bulk of the copper. To shield the proportional counter's active volume, a low-background electroforming method was adapted to the hemispherical shape to grow a 500-$��$m thick layer of ultra-radiopure copper to the detector's inner surface. In this paper the process is described, which was prototyped at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), USA, and then conducted at full scale in the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane in France. The radiopurity of the electroplated copper was assessed through Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Measurements of samples from the first (second) hemisphere give 68% confidence upper limits of, 11 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables

Published
2021
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5. Excess electronic recoil events in XENON1T

Author

A. Manfredini, L. Scotto Lavina, A. D. Ferella, Hongwei Wang, L. Levinson, Ch. Weinheimer, D. Masson, J. Pienaar, Qing Lin, Auke-Pieter Colijn, Laura Baudis, E. Angelino, João Cardoso, T. Zhu, J. R. Angevaare, F. Gao, Jelle Aalbers, P. Gaemers, F. Toschi, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, W. Fulgione, Gabriella Sartorelli, M. Clark, Kentaro Miuchi, C. Therreau, Yuehuan Wei, F. D. Amaro, H. Landsman, A. Depoian, Guillaume Plante, J. Ye, M. Selvi, Joern Mahlstedt, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Ethan Brown, D. Wenz, J. Qin, M. Alfonsi, R. Peres, D. Schulte, J. Long, J. P. Zopounidis, S. Moriyama, Boris Bauermeister, G. Eurin, R. Gaior, C. Hasterok, Ran Budnik, J.M.F. dos Santos, A. Kopec, Xavier Mougeot, Yoshitaka Itow, Michelle Galloway, C. Macolino, F. Agostini, N. Kato, J. Palacio, E. Shockley, A. Mancuso, M. Weiss, S. Reichard, Yanxi Zhang, L. Grandi, J. Schreiner, Sebastian Lindemann, M. P. Decowski, Shingo Kazama, Laura Manenti, G. Koltman, Marc Schumann, Manfred Lindner, R. F. Lang, E. López Fune, N. Rupp, P. Di Gangi, Guido Zavattini, F. Lombardi, Jan Conrad, S. Mastroianni, Uwe Oberlack, C. Hils, Masanori Kobayashi, F. Marignetti, S. Bruenner, Kaixuan Ni, K. Mizukoshi, F. Semeria, D. Ramírez García, V. Pizzella, N. Šarčević, Giacomo Bruno, T. Berger, Sara Diglio, A. Takeda, Masaki Yamashita, Y. Mosbacher, J. Howlett, Gian Carlo Trinchero, H. Qiu, A. Elykov, Lorenzo Bellagamba, F. Arneodo, Katsuki Hiraide, J. Naganoma, A. Rocchetti, D. Barge, B. Cimmino, G. Volta, M. Murra, V. C. Antochi, C. Capelli, P. Shagin, L. Hoetzsch, K. Morå, Julien Masbou, H. Simgen, Dominique Thers, C. Wittweg, K. Odgers, D. Coderre, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, A. Molinario, M. Scheibelhut, April S. Brown, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, Z. Xu, D. Cichon, Bart Pelssers, K. Martens, M. Messina, Elena Aprile, F. Joerg, C. Tunnell, M. Vargas, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. A. M. Lopes, M. Iacovacci, L. Althueser, Columbia University [New York], Oskar Klein Centre [Stockholm], Stockholm University, University of Bologna, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), New York University [Abu Dhabi], NYU System (NYU), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Antochi, V. C., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Arneodo, F., Barge, D., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Bellagamba, L., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., Depoian, A., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Ferella, A. D., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Grandi, L., Hasterok, C., Hils, C., Hiraide, K., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Joerg, F., Kato, N., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., López Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Moriyama, S., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Palacio, J., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qin, J., Qiu, H., Ramírez García, D., Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Šarčević, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Vargas, M., Volta, G., Wang, H., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Ye, J., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Mougeot, X., Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, XENON, University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (INFN, Sezione di Bologna), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (INFN, Sezione di Torino), National Institute for Subatomic Physics [Amsterdam] (NIKHEF), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli (INFN, Sezione di Napoli), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), University of L'Aquila [Italy] (UNIVAQ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics [Chicago] (KICP), University of Chicago, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Nagoya University, Konan University [Kobe, Japan], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Rice University [Houston], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), XENON collaboration, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of California, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), IoP (FNWI), and XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
xenon: target, axions, solar axion, magnetic moment, dimension: 3, neutrino: solar, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Solar neutrino, dark matter: direct detection, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Dark matter, direct detection, axion, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino, XENON, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), background: low, Recoil, electron: recoil, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], beta-rays, Particle Physics Experiments, coupling: (axion 2electron), multi-purpose particle detector, nuclear instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, instrumentation, Physics, xenon: liquid, boson: dark matter, axion 2nucleon, tritium, new physics: search for, semileptonic decay, boson: vector, tension, neutrino: magnetic moment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, axion 2photon, low background, boson, Neutrino, ionizing radiation, Nucleon, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), dark matter detector, electronic recoil, Electron capture, XENON1T detector, Dark matter, low-energy electronic recoil data, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], dark matter, NO, Nuclear physics, PE2_2, PE2_1, tritium: semileptonic decay, 0103 physical sciences, solar axion model, surface, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], axion: coupling, PE2_4, 010306 general physics, pseudoscalar, Axion, dark matter: vector, dark matter, XENON1T detector, electronic recoil, solar neutrino, detector, Dark Matter, Axions, Beta Decay, Liquid Xenon, TPC, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, axion 2electron, coupling: (axion 2nucleon), dark matter: detector, model: axion, Gran Sasso, metrology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], axion, stellar constraints, coupling: (axion 2photon), High Energy Physics::Experiment, particle dark matter, direct detection, beta decay, axion: solar, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], experimental results
Abstract

We report results from searches for new physics with low-energy electronic recoil data recorded with the XENON1T detector. With an exposure of 0.65 t-y and an unprecedentedly low background rate of $76\pm2$ events/(t y keV) between 1 and 30 keV, the data enables sensitive searches for solar axions, an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, and bosonic dark matter. An excess over known backgrounds is observed at low energies and most prominent between 2 and 3 keV. The solar axion model has a 3.4$\sigma$ significance, and a 3D 90% confidence surface is reported for axion couplings to electrons, photons, and nucleons. This surface is inscribed in the cuboid defined by $g_{ae}, Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures. v2 added Ar37 background discussion and best-fit mass of bosonic dark matter, v3 updated Ar37 discussion, tritium estimation, and solar axion energy spectrum. Data in Fig. 2, 4, and 15, including unbinned energy points in Fig. 4, are available in 10.5281/zenodo.4088778

Published
2020

6. Search for exotic neutrino-electron interactions using solar neutrinos in XMASS-I

Author

N. Kato, K. Nishijima, R. Ishii, Y. Takeuchi, K.B. Lee, K. Kanzawa, Katsuhiko Sato, Atsushi Takeda, Ken-Ichi Fushimi, Shogo Nakamura, Yeongduk Kim, Yasuhiro Kishimoto, Masaki Yamashita, Katsuki Hiraide, K. Martens, Yu-heng Chen, Kentaro Miuchi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, T. Suzuki, Y. Fukuda, Hiroshi Ogawa, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Yoshitaka Itow, Byeong su Yang, Ken-ichiro Kobayashi, Masayuki Nakahata, M. Kobayashi, Yong Hamb Kim, Koichi Ichimura, S. Imaizumi, Nam Young Kim, Shigeki Tasaka, Shigetaka Moriyama, B. D. Xu, A. Mason, Lee Min-Kie, and Ko Abe

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Dark photon, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Magnetic moment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, Neutrino, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Low background, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Coupling constant, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, lcsh:QC1-999, chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Millicharge, Liquid xenon, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

We have searched for exotic neutrino-electron interactions that could be produced by a neutrino millicharge, by a neutrino magnetic moment, or by dark photons using solar neutrinos in the XMASS-I liquid xenon detector. We observed no significant signals in 711 days of data. We obtain an upper limit for neutrino millicharge of 5.4×10−12e at 90% confidence level assuming all three species of neutrino have common millicharge. We also set flavor-dependent limits assuming the respective neutrino flavor is the only one carrying a millicharge, 7.3×10−12e for νe, 1.1×10−11e for νμ, and 1.1×10−11e for ντ. These limits are the most stringent yet obtained from direct measurements. We also obtain an upper limit for the neutrino magnetic moment of 1.8×10−10 Bohr magnetons. In addition, we obtain upper limits for the coupling constant of dark photons in the U(1)B−L model of 1.3×10−6 if the dark photon mass is 1×10−3 MeV/c2, and 8.8×10−5 if it is 10 MeV/c2.

Published
2020

7. Measurement of the Gamma Ray Background in the Davis Cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

Author

A. Biekert, V. A. Kudryavtsev, M. G. D. van der Grinten, C. M. Ignarra, Henrique Araujo, D. Seymour, E. Leason, B. Boxer, A. Naylor, J. McLaughlin, J. Y.K. Hor, A. Murphy, J. E. Cutter, J. Reichenbacher, C. R. Hall, G. Pereira, M. Horn, C. D. Kocher, K. Pushkin, X. Bai, J. Johnson, D. Q. Huang, H. Kraus, C. Carels, X. Liu, J. M. Lyle, T. K. Edberg, A. Lindote, T. Fruth, M. C. Carmona-Benitez, Q. Riffard, L. Kreczko, D. Woodward, M. F. Marzioni, T.M. Stiegler, Juhyeong Lee, T. P. Biesiadzinski, A. Cottle, A. Tomás, S. Balashov, W.T. Kim, F. Neves, K. E. Boast, A. B.M.R. Sazzad, L. Korley, K. Kamdin, Murdock Gilchriese, David Leonard, Robert A. Taylor, Catarina Silva, C. E. Dahl, M. E. Monzani, A. Angelides, D. Temples, P. Brás, M. Solmaz, A. Manalaysay, D. Khaitan, P. Majewski, E. Morrison, T. J. Whitis, Matthew Szydagis, J. Genovesi, J.P. Rodrigues, J. Busenitz, Benjamin Krikler, A. Fan, C. Rhyne, R. J. Gaitskell, J. E. Armstrong, A. Stevens, Ethan Bernard, Bjoern Penning, Michael Schubnell, J. H. Buckley, Ross G. White, I. Stancu, L. Tvrznikova, P.R. Scovell, Daniel McKinsey, W. Ji, K. J. Palladino, I. Olcina, J. A. Morad, H. N. Nelson, N. Marangou, J. A. Nikoleyczik, R. L. Mannino, Michele Cascella, Sergey Burdin, A. Baxter, C. Nedlik, C. Ghag, P. Rossiter, C. Chan, M.I. Lopes, E. K. Pease, V. Bugaev, S. Kravitz, V. N. Solovov, S. Gokhale, S. Alsum, Julie Harrison, K. C. Oliver-Mallory, J. R. Watson, C. Levy, E. H. Miller, F.-T. Liao, S. Luitz, J. Lin, J. Yin, A. Piepke, S. Hans, J. Liao, S. J. Haselschwardt, F. L. H. Wolfs, A. Nilima, S. Uvarov, G. Rutherford, D. R. Tiedt, J. Kras, R. Linehan, Laura Manenti, K. T. Lesko, D. Naim, B. J. Mount, D. S. Akerib, T. A. Shutt, J. J. Wang, J. E. Y. Dobson, L.D. Viveiros, C. Loniewski, S. Shaw, Wolfgang Lorenzon, Elena Korolkova, H. Flaecher, M. Timalsina, O. Jahangir, P. Sorensen, Yue Meng, W.H. Lippincott, A. Cole, K. Stifter, S. Fiorucci, P. A. Terman, R. Liu, Richard Rosero, R. C. Webb, Antonin Vacheret, M. Arthurs, A. Khazov, J.J. Silk, W. C. Taylor, J. Balajthy, A. C. Kaboth, B.L. Paredes, R. W. Schnee, S. Pal, G.R.C. Rischbieter, C. Nehrkorn, S. A. Hertel, E. Druszkiewicz, U. Utku, Mani Tripathi, J. Li, Carl W. Akerlof, Duncan Carlsmith, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics, Particles & Fields, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Lead shielding, Xenon, Gamma spectroscopy, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 010306 general physics, Underground, physics.ins-det, Low background, Physics, Science & Technology, Radiation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, Gamma rays, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, chemistry, Physical Sciences, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Decay chain
Abstract

Deep underground environments are ideal for low background searches due to the attenuation of cosmic rays by passage through the earth. However, they are affected by backgrounds from $\gamma$-rays emitted by $^{40}$K and the $^{238}$U and $^{232}$Th decay chains in the surrounding rock. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a liquid xenon TPC located within the Davis campus at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota, at the 4,850-foot level. In order to characterise the cavern background, in-situ $\gamma$-ray measurements were taken with a sodium iodide detector in various locations and with lead shielding. The integral count rates (0--3300~keV) varied from 596~Hz to 1355~Hz for unshielded measurements, corresponding to a total flux in the cavern of $1.9\pm0.4$~$\gamma~$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. The resulting activity in the walls of the cavern can be characterised as $220\pm60$~Bq/kg of $^{40}$K, $29\pm15$~Bq/kg of $^{238}$U, and $13\pm3$~Bq/kg of $^{232}$Th., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures

Published
2020

8. The CUPID-Mo experiment for neutrinoless double-beta decay: performance and prospects

Author

E. Armengaud, C. Augier, A. S. Barabash, F. Bellini, G. Benato, A. Benoît, M. Beretta, L. Bergé, J. Billard, Yu. A. Borovlev, Ch. Bourgeois, M. Briere, V. B. Brudanin, P. Camus, L. Cardani, N. Casali, A. Cazes, M. Chapellier, F. Charlieux, M. de Combarieu, I. Dafinei, F. A. Danevich, M. De Jesus, L. Dumoulin, K. Eitel, E. Elkhoury, F. Ferri, B. K. Fujikawa, J. Gascon, L. Gironi, A. Giuliani, V. D. Grigorieva, M. Gros, E. Guerard, D. L. Helis, H. Z. Huang, R. Huang, J. Johnston, A. Juillard, H. Khalife, M. Kleifges, V. V. Kobychev, Yu. G. Kolomensky, S. I. Konovalov, A. Leder, P. Loaiza, L. Ma, E. P. Makarov, P. de Marcillac, L. Marini, S. Marnieros, D. Misiak, X. -F. Navick, C. Nones, V. Novati, E. Olivieri, J. L. Ouellet, L. Pagnanini, P. Pari, L. Pattavina, B. Paul, M. Pavan, H. Peng, G. Pessina, S. Pirro, D. V. Poda, O. G. Polischuk, E. Previtali, Th. Redon, S. Rozov, C. Rusconi, V. Sanglard, K. Schäffner, B. Schmidt, Y. Shen, V. N. Shlegel, B. Siebenborn, V. Singh, S. Sorbino, C. Tomei, V. I. Tretyak, V. I. Umatov, L. Vagneron, M. Velázquez, M. Weber, B. Welliver, L. Winslow, M. Xue, E. Yakushev, A. S. Zolotarova, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et modélisation des milieux condensés (LPM2C), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Armengaud, E, Augier, C, Barabash, A, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Benoît, A, Beretta, M, Bergé, L, Billard, J, Borovlev, Y, Bourgeois, C, Briere, M, Brudanin, V, Camus, P, Cardani, L, Casali, N, Cazes, A, Chapellier, M, Charlieux, F, de Combarieu, M, Dafinei, I, Danevich, F, De Jesus, M, Dumoulin, L, Eitel, K, Elkhoury, E, Ferri, F, Fujikawa, B, Gascon, J, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Grigorieva, V, Gros, M, Guerard, E, Helis, D, Huang, H, Huang, R, Johnston, J, Juillard, A, Khalife, H, Kleifges, M, Kobychev, V, Kolomensky, Y, Konovalov, S, Leder, A, Loaiza, P, Ma, L, Makarov, E, de Marcillac, P, Marini, L, Marnieros, S, Misiak, D, Navick, X, Nones, C, Novati, V, Olivieri, E, Ouellet, J, Pagnanini, L, Pari, P, Pattavina, L, Paul, B, Pavan, M, Peng, H, Pessina, G, Pirro, S, Poda, D, Polischuk, O, Previtali, E, Redon, T, Rozov, S, Rusconi, C, Sanglard, V, Schäffner, K, Schmidt, B, Shen, Y, Shlegel, V, Siebenborn, B, Singh, V, Sorbino, S, Tomei, C, Tretyak, V, Umatov, V, Vagneron, L, Velázquez, M, Weber, M, Welliver, B, Winslow, L, Xue, M, Yakushev, E, and Zolotarova, A

Subjects
double-beta decay: neutrinoless, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), energy resolution, Radiopurity, nucl-ex, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), CUORE, Particle and Plasma Physics, High performance, neutrinoless double beta decay, Majorana neutrino, cryogenic calorimeters, law, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Scintillating bolometer, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), physics.ins-det, Nuclear Experiment, Low background, Physics, Quantum Physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, molybdenum: oxygen, Full width at half maximum, cryogenics, lithium, 100 Mo, ddc:620, photon: yield, performance, Double-beta decay, FOS: Physical sciences, Cryogenic detector, lcsh:Astrophysics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], crystal, Nuclear physics, bolometer, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), Double beta decay, lcsh:QB460-466, 0103 physical sciences, germanium: detector, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Nuclear, Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Engineering & allied operations, scintillation counter, detector: design, Lithium molybdate, Scintillation, molybdenum: nuclide, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, Bolometer, Molecular, bibliography, Enriched materials, sensitivity, calibration, Scintillator, Automatic Keywords, lcsh:QC770-798, Energy (signal processing), acceptance
Abstract

CUPID-Mo is a bolometric experiment to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) of $^{100}$Mo. In this article, we detail the CUPID-Mo detector concept, assembly, installation in the underground laboratory in Modane in 2018, and provide results from the first datasets. The demonstrator consists of an array of 20 scintillating bolometers comprised of $^{100}$Mo-enriched 0.2 kg Li$_2$MoO$_4$ crystals. The detectors are complemented by 20 thin cryogenic Ge bolometers acting as light detectors to distinguish $\alpha$ from $\gamma$/$\beta$ events by the detection of both heat and scintillation light signals. We observe good detector uniformity, facilitating the operation of a large detector array as well as excellent energy resolution of 5.3 keV (6.5 keV) FWHM at 2615 keV, in calibration (physics) data. Based on the observed energy resolutions and light yields a separation of $\alpha$ particles at much better than 99.9\% with equally high acceptance for $\gamma$/$\beta$ events is expected for events in the region of interest for $^{100}$Mo $0\nu\beta\beta$. We present limits on the crystals' radiopurity ($\leq$3 $\mu$Bq/kg of $^{226}$Ra and $\leq$2 $\mu$Bq/kg of $^{232}$Th). Based on these initial results we also discuss a sensitivity study for the science reach of the CUPID-Mo experiment, in particular, the ability to set the most stringent half-life limit on the $^{100}$Mo $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay after half a year of livetime. The achieved results show that CUPID-Mo is a successful demonstrator of the technology - developed in the framework of the LUMINEU project - selected for the CUPID experiment, a proposed follow-up of CUORE, the currently running first tonne-scale cryogenic $0\nu\beta\beta$ experiment., Comment: 15 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables; to be submitted to EPJC

Published
2020

9. First results from DAMA/LIBRA–phase2

Author

A. Di Marco, F. Cappella, A. Mattei, A. Bussolotti, R. Bernabei, A. d’Angelo, Xiuhua Ma, Sheng Xiuli, V. Caracciolo, F. Montecchia, C. J. Dai, V. Merlo, Z. P. Ye, A. Incicchitti, H. L. He, P. Belli, and R. Cerulli

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, DAMA/LIBRA, Photomultiplier, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/04, Dark matter, highly radiopure NaI(Tl) detectors, 01 natural sciences, annual modulation, Nuclear physics, low background, 0103 physical sciences, Dark Matter, 010306 general physics, National laboratory
Abstract

The first results obtained by the DAMA/LIBRA–phase2 experiment with the data collected deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory over 6 independent annual cycles (corresponding to a total exposure of 1.13 ton × yr) are presented. The DAMA/LIBRA–phase2 apparatus, about 250 kg highly radio-pure NaI(Tl), profits of a second generation high quantum efficiency photomultipliers and of new electronics; in the new configuration the software energy threshold is at 1 keV. The DAMA/LIBRA–phase2 data confirm the evidence of a signal that meets all the requirements of the model independent Dark Matter annual modulation signature, at 9.5 σ C.L. in the energy region (1-6) keV. In the energy region between 2 and 6 keV, where data are also available from DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA–phase1 the achieved C.L. for the full exposure (2.46 ton × yr) is 12.9 σ.

Published
2018

10. A direct dark matter search in XMASS-I

Author

H. Takiya, Yoshitaka Itow, K. Hosokawa, Shigeki Tasaka, Nam Young Kim, Atsushi Takeda, M. Miyasaka, Katsuhiko Sato, Yasuhiro Kishimoto, N. Oka, Kentaro Miuchi, Hiroshi Ogawa, Masaki Yamashita, Lee Min-Kie, Masayuki Nakahata, G. Kanzaki, R. Fujita, Kimiaki Masuda, Shogo Nakamura, Ken-Ichi Fushimi, K. Martens, Y. D. Kim, K. Kobayashi, K. Kanzawa, Ko Abe, B. S. Yang, Yong Hamb Kim, Katsuki Hiraide, Koichi Ichimura, Yoshihiro Suzuki, T. Norita, K. Nishijima, Shigetaka Moriyama, B. D. Xu, M. Kobayashi, O. Takachio, R. Kegasa, Y. Takeuchi, K.B. Lee, Hiroyuki Sekiya, and Y. Fukuda

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Xenon, WIMP, Observatory, Kamioka Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Low background, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), lcsh:QC1-999, chemistry, Volume (thermodynamics), Weakly interacting massive particles, Liquid xenon, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, lcsh:Physics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

A search for dark matter using an underground single-phase liquid xenon detector was conducted at the Kamioka Observatory in Japan, particularly for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). We have used 705.9 live days of data in a fiducial volume containing 97 kg of liquid xenon at the center of the detector. The event rate in the fiducial volume after the data reduction was ${\rm (4.2 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{-3} \, day^{-1}kg^{-1} keV_{ee}^{-1}}$ at ${\rm 5 \, keV_{ee}}$, with a signal efficiency of ${\rm 20\%}$. All the remaining events are consistent with our background evaluation, mostly of the "mis-reconstructed events" originated from $^{210}$Pb in the copper plates lining the detector's inner surface. The obtained upper limit on a spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section was ${\rm 2.2 \times 10^{-44} \, cm^{2}}$ for a WIMP mass of ${\rm 60 \, GeV/c^{2}}$ at the $90\%$ confidence level, which was the most stringent limit among results from single-phase liquid xenon detectors., 16 pages, 8 figures

Published
2018

11. Low background techniques in bolometers for double-beta decay search

Author

A. Giuliani, D.V. Poda, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière ( CSNSM ), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
radiopurity, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, bolometers, cryogenic detectors, Double-beta decay, enriched materials, low background, particle identification, scintillators, single crystals, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 29.40.Vj, 01 natural sciences, 14.60.Pq, Particle identification, 23.40.-s, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), background: low, 29.40.-n, law, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment, Physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 14.60.St, radioactivity, 23.40.Bw, performance, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, Particle detector, bolometer, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, High energy resolution, activity report, Astroparticle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bolometer, 29.40.Mc, Computational physics, efficiency, and Optics
Abstract

Bolometers are low temperature particle detectors with high energy resolution and detection efficiency. Some types of bolometric detectors are also able to perform an efficient particle identification. A wide variety of radiopure dielectric and diamagnetic materials makes the bolometric technique favorable for applications in astroparticle physics. In particular, thanks to their superior performance, bolometers play an important role in the world-wide efforts on searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Such experiments strongly require an extremely low level of the backgrounds that can easily mimic the process searched for. Here we overview recent progress in the development of low background techniques for bolometric double-beta decay searches., Review, a part of IJMPA Special Issue on Low Background Techniques

Published
2017

12. CUTE: A Low Background Facility for Testing Cryogenic Dark Matter Detectors

Author

K. Dering, A. Cazes, X. Zhang, A. Dastgheibi-Fard, W. Rau, S. Scorza, G. Gerbier, Ph. Camus, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (LSM - UMR 6417), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])

Subjects
Cryostat, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear engineering, Dark matter, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Material selection, Range (aeronautics), 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, General Materials Science, Dilution refrigerator, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, background: radioactivity, activity report, Low background, CDMS, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, oscillation: suppression, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, deep underground detector, experimental equipment, cryogenics, Electromagnetic shielding, mechanical engineering, Environmental science, Dry dilution refrigerators
Abstract

International audience; The Cryogenic Underground Test (CUTE) facility will be located 2 km underground in the SNOLAB laboratory, near Sudbury (Ontario, Canada). It is primarily designed to test the performances of cryogenic detectors of the Super-Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (SuperCDMS) experiment which will be installed next to CUTE. As a facility, it will also be accessible to scientists developing innovative cryogenic detectors for rare events search like dark matter or double-beta decay. The low temperature required to operate the cryogenic detectors is reached via an advanced dry dilution refrigerator from CryoConcept (France). The ‘Ultra Quiet Technique’ (UQT$^{®}$) reduces the vibration transmission by using a proprietary gas-coupled thermal link between the two-stage pulse tube and the cryostat. In order to install the cryostat into a shielding water tank, we have developed a suspension system which decouples the cryostat from the environment with a low stiffness support, making a mechanical low-pass filter with a roll-off below 2 Hz for the vertical attenuation. We report the design choices made for the mechanical architecture to limit the vibration transmission and the material selection to achieve a low radioactive background rate in the detector. The expected background rate is less than 5 counts/day per kg of Ge detector in the 0–1 keV energy range.

Published
2017

13. Borexino: geo-neutrino measurement at Gran Sasso, Italy

Author

Cristian Galbiati, Serguei Sukhotin, Michele Montuschi, Fausto Ortica, Ilya Drachnev, Alessandra Re, A. Caminata, G. Bellini, M. S. Meyer, Aldo Ianni, Aldo Romani, Karol Jedrzejczak, Matteo Agostini, Alexander Etenko, D. Franco, D. A. Semenov, A. Sotnikov, Lino Miramonti, Szymon Manecki, E. Hungerford, Paolo Lombardi, I. N. Machulin, N. Rossi, Z. Yokley, Marco Pallavicini, Andrey Formozov, Andrea Ianni, D. Bick, Sandra Zavatarelli, D. D'Angelo, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, A. Vishneva, E. V. Unzhakov, M. Obolensky, E. Litvinovich, S. Appel, Lea Di noto, Robert Bruce Vogelaar, L. Papp, Marco Giammarchi, Lothar Oberauer, Marianne Goeger-Neff, Gioacchino Ranucci, Matthias Laubenstein, D. Bravo, Jay Burton Benziger, O. Zaimidoroga, Denis Korablev, B. Caccianiga, B. Neumair, S. Davini, G. Korga, E. Meroni, W. Maneschg, V. V. Kobychev, K. Fomenko, P. J. Mosteiro, Franz von Feilitzsch, G. Lukyanchenko, G. Zuzel, G. Bonfini, D. Kryn, A. Pocar, Frank Calaprice, K. Altenmueller, Livia Ludhova, Laura Perasso, Y. Suvorov, A. S. Chepurnov, Hardy Simgen, J. Thurn, R. Roncin, Hongwei Wang, V. N. Muratova, Marcin Wójcik, Juergen Winter, G. Testera, C. Ghiano, Caren Hagner, Roberto Tartaglia, P. Cavalcante, M. Misiaszek, M. Gromov, A. Razeto, F. Gabriele, S. Marcocci, M. Toropova, A. V. Derbin, Kai Zuber, Bjoern Lehnert, F. Lombardi, Oleg Smirnov, D. Jeschke, S. Schoenert, A. M. Goretti, S. Weinz, Agostini, Matteo, Altenmueller, Konrad, Appel, Simon, Bellini, Gianpaolo, Benziger, Jay, Bick, Daniel, Bonfini, Giuseppe, Bravo, David, Caccianiga, Barbara, Calaprice, Frank, Caminata, Alessio, Cavalcante, Paolo, Chepurnov, Alexander, D'Angelo, Davide, Davini, Stefano, Derbin, Alexander, Di Noto, Lea, Drachnev, Ilya, Etenko, Alexander, Fomenko, Kirill, Formozov, Andrey, Franco, Davide, Gabriele, Federico, Galbiati, Cristian, Ghiano, Chiara, Giammarchi, Marco, Goeger-Neff, Marianne, Goretti, Augusto, Gromov, Maxim, Hagner, Caren, Hungerford, Ed, Ianni, Aldo, Ianni, Andrea, Jedrzejczak, Karol, Jeschke, Dominik, Kobychev, Vladislav, Korablev, Deni, Korga, Gyorgy, Kryn, Didier, Laubenstein, Matthia, Lehnert, Bjoern, Litvinovich, Evgeny, Lombardi, Francesco, Lombardi, Paolo, Ludhova, Livia, Lukyanchenko, Georgy, Machulin, Igor, Manecki, Szymon, Maneschg, Werner, Marcocci, Simone, Meroni, Emanuela, Meyer, Mikko, Miramonti, Lino, Misiaszek, Marcin, Montuschi, Michele, Mosteiro, Pablo, Muratova, Valentina, Neumair, Birgit, Oberauer, Lothar, Obolensky, Michel, Ortica, Fausto, Pallavicini, Marco, Papp, Laszlo, Perasso, Laura, Pocar, Andrea, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Razeto, Alessandro, Re, Alessandra, Romani, Aldo, Roncin, Romain, Rossi, Nicola, Schoenert, Stefan, Semenov, Dmitrii, Simgen, Hardy, Skorokhvatov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sotnikov, Albert, Sukhotin, Serguei, Suvorov, Yury, Tartaglia, Roberto, Testera, Gemma, Thurn, Jan, Toropova, Maria, Unzhakov, Evgenii, Vishneva, Alina, Vogelaar, Robert Bruce, von Feilitzsch, Franz, Wang, Hanguo, Weinz, Stefan, Winter, Juergen, Wojcik, Marcin, Wurm, Michael, Yokley, Zachary, Zaimidoroga, Oleg, Zavatarelli, Sandra, Zuber, Kai, and Zuzel, Grzegorz

Subjects
FLUX, Particle physics, Neutrino oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrinos, liquid scintillators, Geoneutrino, earth, Solar neutrino, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Geoneutrinos, 0103 physical sciences, EARTH, 010306 general physics, Borexino, Low background, Physics, Liquid, neutrino oscillations, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Neutrino oscillations, Liquid scintillators, scintillator, flux, Geophysics, solar neutrinos, low background, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, geoneutrinos
Abstract

Geo-neutrinos, electron anti-neutrinos produced in beta-decays of naturally occurring radioactive isotopes in the Earth, are a unique direct probe of our planet's interior. After a brief introduction of the geo-neutrinos' properties and of the main aims of their study, we discuss the features of a detector which has recently provided breakthrough achievements in the field, Borexino, a massive, calorimetric liquid scintillator detector installed at the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory. With its unprecedented radiopurity levels achieved in the core of the detection medium, it is the only experiment in operation able to study in real time solar neutrino interactions in the challenging sub-MeV energy region. Its superior technical properties allowed Borexino also to provide a clean detection of terrestrial neutrinos. Therefore, the description of the characteristics of the detected geo-neutrino signal and of the corresponding geological implications are the main core of the discussion contained in this work.

Published
2017

14. The detector calibration system for the CUORE cryogenic bolometer array

Author

Daniel Lenz, Kyungeun E. Lim, Samuele Sangiorgio, A. Nucciotti, T. Wise, K. M. Heeger, Larissa M. Ejzak, Reina H. Maruyama, A. Dally, C. J. Davis, Jeremy S. Cushman, Cushman, J, Dally, A, Davis, C, Ejzak, L, Lenz, D, Lim, K, Heeger, K, Maruyama, R, Nucciotti, A, Sangiorgio, S, and Wise, T

Subjects
Cryostat, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear engineering, Bolometer, Cryogenic, FOS: Physical sciences, Cryogenics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Nuclear physics, CUORE, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Dilution refrigerator, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Low background, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Neutrino physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is a ton-scale cryogenic experiment designed to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{130}$Te and other rare events. The CUORE detector consists of 988 TeO$_2$ bolometers operated underground at 10 mK in a dilution refrigerator at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Candidate events are identified through a precise measurement of their energy. The absolute energy response of the detectors is established by the regular calibration of each individual bolometer using gamma sources. The close-packed configuration of the CUORE bolometer array combined with the extensive shielding surrounding the detectors requires the placement of calibration sources within the array itself. The CUORE Detector Calibration System is designed to insert radioactive sources into and remove them from the cryostat while respecting the stringent heat load, radiopurity, and operational requirements of the experiment. This paper describes the design, commissioning, and performance of this novel source calibration deployment system for ultra-low-temperature environments., 16 pages, 19 figures

Published
2017

15. The Majorana Demonstrator radioassay program

Author

T. Gilliss, M. L. Miller, C. D. Christofferson, J. Goett, R. D. Martin, N. Abgrall, Ralph Massarczyk, A. Galindo-Uribarri, J. Gruszko, A. S. Caldwell, R. G. H. Robertson, Stanley M. Howard, M. P. Green, Nicole R. Overman, W. Xu, Kai Vetter, H. Ejiri, S. Meijer, C.-H. Yu, B. R. Jasinski, Anne-Marie Suriano, J. A. Detwiler, J. E. Trimble, V. E. Guiseppe, V. M. Gehman, F. T. Avignone, B. Shanks, R. L. Varner, K. Vorren, I. S. Guinn, Reyco Henning, D. C. Radford, O.I. Kochetov, K. J. Snavely, Eric W. Hoppe, R. A. Johnson, M. F. Kidd, Keith Rielage, Yuen-Dat Chan, A. W. Bradley, S. Vasilyev, D. Byram, M. Buuck, S. I. Konovalov, Henning O. Back, G. K. Giovanetti, K. Pushkin, I. Zhitnikov, Matthew Busch, M. A. Howe, J. F. Wilkerson, J. C. Loach, Pinghan Chu, D. J. Tedeschi, Richard T. Kouzes, A. S. Barabash, Jonathan D. Leon, S. MacMullin, P. Finnerty, B. R. White, C. Wiseman, K. J. Keeter, V.B. Brudanin, J. Rager, J. MacMullin, Alexis G. Schubert, V. Yumatov, C. O'Shaughnessy, S. R. Elliott, J. A. Dunmore, E. Yakushev, Susanne Mertens, M. C. Ronquest, E. Romero-Romero, Yu. Efremenko, C. Cuesta, Brian D. LaFerriere, M. Shirchenko, John L. Orrell, F. E. Bertrand, M. Boswell, D. Steele, I. J. Arnquist, N. Snyder, and A. W. P. Poon

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Radiopurity, nucl-ex, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Mass spectroscopy, Particle and Plasma Physics, Germanium counting, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutron activation analysis, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Low background, Physics, MAJORANA, Mass spectrometry, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, Detector, Molecular, Trace analysis, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Semiconductor detector, Other Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Neutron activation
Abstract

The MAJORANA collaboration is constructing the MAJORANA DEMONSTATOR at the Sanford Underground Research Facility at the Homestake gold mine, in Lead, SD. The apparatus will use Ge detectors, enriched in isotope \nuc{76}{Ge}, to demonstrate the feasibility of a large-scale Ge detector experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. The long half-life of this postulated process requires that the apparatus be extremely low in radioactive isotopes whose decays may produce backgrounds to the search. The radioassay program conducted by the collaboration to ensure that the materials comprising the apparatus are sufficiently pure is described. The resulting measurements of the radioactive-isotope contamination for a number of materials studied for use in the detector are reported., to be submitted to NIM

Published
2016

16. An Improved ZnMoO4 Scintillating Bolometer for the Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of 100Mo

Author

Jeffrey W. Beeman, E. Olivieri, G. Pessina, C. Rusconi, V. I. Tretyak, C. Nones, F.A. Danevich, Ya.V. Vasiliev, A. Giuliani, S. Marnieros, M. Mancuso, V. N. Shlegel, I.M. Ivanov, E. N. Galashov, V. Y. Degoda, CSNSM PS1, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSNSM INSTR, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
ZnMoO4 crystals, Phonon, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Crystal, Neutrino mass, law, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Bolometric technique, 010306 general physics, Low background, Physics, Scintillation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bolometer, Thermistor, Atmospheric temperature range, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Full width at half maximum
Abstract

We present a prototype scintillating bolometer for the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of Mo-100, consisting of a single a parts per thousand 5 g ZnMoO4 crystal operated aboveground in the 20-30 mK temperature range. The scintillation light is read out by two thin Ge bolometers. The phonon signals are collected by NTD Ge thermistors. The ZnMoO4 crystal was grown with an advanced method (low-thermal-gradient Czochralski technique) and after purification of molybdenum. The results are very encouraging: the intrinsic energy resolution of the heat channel is a parts per thousand 800 eV FWHM, the alpha/beta rejection factor (crucial for background suppression) is better than 99.9% in the region of interest for double beta decay (a parts per thousand 3 MeV), and the radiopurity of ZnMoO4 looks substantially improved with respect to previous devices.

Published
2012

17. New micromegas for axion searches in CAST

Author

Hector Gomez, S. Aune, I. G. Irastorza, G. Luzón, T. Geralis, T. Vafeiadis, J. Ruz, I. Giomataris, Georgios Fanourakis, A. Gardikiotis, A. Tomás, J. Morales, A Rodríguez, Javier Galan, S. C. Yildiz, T. Papaevangelou, T. Dafni, F.J. Iguaz, E. Ferrer-Ribas, Doğuş Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, and Yıldız, Süleyman Cenk

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Axions, Detector, X-ray detector, MicroMegas detector, Gas Micropattern Detectors, Low Background, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cast, X-ray Detectors, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Axion, Micromegas
Abstract

Yıldız, Süleyman Cenk (Dogus Author) Micromegas detectors have been taking data in the CAST experiment since 2002, occupying one opening (out of the two looking for sunrise axions) of the magnet and showing good performance and stability. Currently, three of the four X-ray detectors used in the experiment are micromegas. The new detectors are of the Microbulk technology, which have attracted a lot of attention because of the advantages they present, among them the low-material construction, high radiopurity and good energy resolution. Here, their performance during the last year will be commented. In particular, the low background levels reached in some detectors have triggered a set of studies in order to understand the effect.

Published
2011

18. The First Tests of a Large-Area Light Detector Equipped with Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters for Scintillating Bolometers for the LUMINEU Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Search

Author

D. Hengstler, Sebastian Kempf, Loredana Gastaldo, Achim Fleischmann, Christian Enss, Matias Rodrigues, Martin Loidl, X-F. Navick, D. Gray, C. Hassel, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), The ANR under Contract Number ANR-12-BS05-004-02, ANR-05-PADD-0012,PRODDIG,Promotion du Développement Durable par les Indications Géographiques(2005), European Project: 228464,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2008-1,MICROKELVIN(2009), Heidelberg University, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, X-ray: irradiation, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, MMCs, Crystal, neutrino, molybdenum, background: low, law, General Materials Science, Fast light detector, Neutrinoless double beta decay, nuclear instrumentation, instrumentation, Physics, irradiation, zinc, double-beta decay, Condensed Matter Physics, molybdenum: oxygen, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, radioactivity, Rise time, low background, ionizing radiation, Fabrication, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], crystal, Nuclear physics, bolometer, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), Double beta decay, X-rays, 0103 physical sciences, calorimeter, Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, scintillation counter, Scintillation, magnetic calorimeter, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bolometer, Scintillator time constant, calorimeter: magnetic, pile-up, scintillation counter: crystal, oxygen, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

Future rare-event searches using scintillating crystals need very low background levels for high sensitivity; however, unresolved pile-up can limit this. We present the design and fabrication of large-area photon detectors based on metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs), optimized for fast rise times to resolve close pile-up. The first prototypes have been characterized using Fe-55 X-rays and ZnMoO $$_{4}$$ crystal scintillation light. A fast intrinsic rise time of 25–30 $$\upmu $$ s has been measured and has been compared to the 250 $$\upmu $$ s scintillation light pulse rise time constant. The difference indicates that the scintillation process limits the light pulse rise time. The fast rise time allows for a reduction of background due to close pile-up events as well as the study of the inherent crystal scintillation process. MMC-based photon detectors are shown to be a promising tool for scintillating crystal based rare event searches.

Published
2015

19. A next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiment based on ZnMoO4 scintillating bolometers

Author

V.Ya. Degoda, Jeffrey W. Beeman, E. Olivieri, A. Giuliani, F.A. Danevich, Ya.V. Vasiliev, V.N. Shlegel, S. Marnieros, G. Pessina, V.I. Tretyak, C. Rusconi, C. Nones, M. Mancuso, E.N. Galashov, V. V. Kobychev, CSNSM PS1, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSNSM INSTR, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Scintillation, Scale (ratio), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bolometer, Detector, 01 natural sciences, Lepton number, Double beta decay, Bolometrique technique, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Neutrino mass, law, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Low background
Abstract

Article history: The search for neutrinoless double β decay probes lepton number conservation with high sensitivity and investigates the neutrino nature and mass scale. Experiments presently in preparation will cover the quasi-degeneracy region of the neutrino mass pattern. Probing the inverted hierarchy region requires improved sensitivities and next-generation experiments, based either on large expansions of the present searches or on new ideas. We examine here a novel technology relying on ZnMoO4 scintillating bolometers, which can provide an experiment with background close to zero in the ton × year exposure scale. The promising performance of a pilot detector is presented, both in terms of energy resolution and background control. A preliminary study of the sensitivities of future experiments shows that the inverted hierarchy region is within the reach of the technique here proposed. A realistic phased approach program towards a next-generation search is presented and briefly discussed.

Published
2012

20. Composite macro-bolometers for the rejection of surface radioactive background in rare-event experiments

Author

Samuele Sangiorgio, C. Salvioni, Claudia Nones, Luca Foggetta, A. Giuliani, Marisa Pedretti, Dipartimento di Fisica e Matematica, Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, CNRS-Orsay, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, and Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Dark matter, Shields, FOS: Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Low Background, Nuclear physics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Recoil, Optics, CUORE, Rare Event Physics, Double beta decay, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Dark Matter, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Double Beta Decay, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Surface energy, business, Neutrino Mass
Abstract

International audience; Experiments searching for rare events, such as neutrinoless double beta decay and interactions of dark matter candidates, require extremely low levels of background. When these experiments are performed using macro-bolometers, radioactive contamination near the surfaces is of particular concern. For a bolometric neutrinoless double beta decay experiment, it can cause counts in the spectral region where the signal is expected, while for a dark matter experiment which exploits ionization signals for particle identification, it originates an incomplete charge collection simulating a nuclear recoil. In order to control the effects of surface contamination, we developed a novel technique that uses composite macro-bolometers to identify energy depositions that occur close to the surfaces of materials immediately surrounding the detector. The composite macro-bolometer proposed and studied here consists of a main energy absorber that is thermally coupled to and entirely surrounded by thin absorbers that act as active shields. Surface energy depositions can be rejected by the analysis of simultaneous signals in the main absorber and the shields. In this paper, we describe a full thermal model and experimental results for three prototype detectors. The detectors consist of Ge, Si, or TeO thin absorbers as active shields, all with TeO crystals as main absorbers. In all cases, the surface event rejection capability is clearly demonstrated. In addition, simulations and preliminary results show that it is possible to detect energy depositions that occurred on the shields without separate readout channels for them. The energy depositions in the shields are distinguished from those in the main absorber through pulse shape discrimination. This simplification makes this technique a viable method for the rejection of surface energy depositions in next-generation bolometric double beta decay searches, such as possible extensions or upgrades of the CUORE experiment.

Published
2011

21. The T-REX project: Micromegas for Rare Event Searches

Author

I. G. Irastorza, F.J. Iguaz, S. Aune, Georgios Fanourakis, J. F. Castel, A. Ortiz, Hector Gomez, T. Geralis, S. C. Yildiz, T. Dafni, G. Luzón, E. Ferrer-Ribas, A. Tomás, A. Gardikiotis, Javier Galan, L. Segui, D.C. Herrera, J. G. Garza, A Rodríguez, T. Papaevangelou, J. A. Garcia, Theodoros Vafeiadis, I. Giomataris, D. Fortuño, S. Cebrián, J.P. Mols, J. Ruz, Doğuş Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, and Yıldız, Şükrü C.

Subjects
Micromegas Detector, Physics, History, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Event (computing), Time Resolution, Real-time computing, MicroMegas detector, Time resolution, Rare Event, Low Background, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science Applications, Education, Time Projection Chambers, Clouds, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Rare events, High Energy Physics, Double Beta Decay, 010306 general physics, Projection (set theory), Micromegas
Abstract

Yıldız, Şükrü C. (Dogus Author) -- This paper was firstyly submitted to 2nd International Conference on Particle Physics in Memoriam Engin Arik and Her Colleagues. The T-REX project aims at developing novel readout techniques for Time Projection Chambers for experiments searching for Rare Events. The Micromegas detectors are a good option, because of their good performance regarding low background levels, energy and time resolution, gain and stability of operation. In the present we will shortly refer to two particular cases, on one hand their performance in the CAST experiment and on the other the studies carried out within NEXT, a neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment.

Published
2012

22. Chambres d'ionisation différentielles pour la mesure de variation de période radioactive

Author

A. Meykens and M. Bogé

Subjects
Physics, differential ionization chambers, Forestry, ionisation chambers, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, lifetime variation, [PHYS.HIST]Physics [physics]/Physics archives, 0103 physical sciences, low background, radioactive isotope, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Nous avons mis au point deux chambres d'ionisation differentielles a tres faible bruit de fond (~ ± 10-16 A) pour nous permettre de mesurer des variations du taux de desintegration d'un isotope radioactif en fonction de son environnement physico-chimique. Des effets de l'ordre de 10-4 doivent pouvoir etre mesures.

Published
1976

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