Author: "Zhou Li" / Topic: 01 natural sciences - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Photosynthetic maintenance and heat shock protein accumulation relating to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-regulated heat tolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)

Author: Muhammad Jawad Hassan, Yan Peng, Dingfan Kang, Zeng Weihang, and Zhou Li
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Stomatal conductance, Plant Science, Photosynthesis, APX, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Hsp70, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Horticulture, chemistry, Chlorophyll, Heat shock protein, Osmoregulation, 010606 plant biology & botany, Transpiration
Abstract: γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid involved in regulating various environmental adaption in plants. Twenty-six-day-old creeping bentgrass plants were treated with or without GABA (0.5 mM) and then exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C, day/night) for 25 days. Results showed that exogenous GABA application significantly increased endogenous GABA accumulation and alleviated heat-caused growth inhibition and water loss during heat stress. GABA-treated creeping bentgrass maintained significantly lower carbonyl content, malondialdehyde content, and electrolyte leakage, but exhibited higher total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, and DR) than untreated plants under heat stress. Heat stress significantly decreased chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthesis, and water use efficiency. However, GABA application effectively alleviated these heat-induced negative effects in creeping bentgrass. In addition, exogenous GABA further increased the expression of heat-induced HSPs (HSP12, HSP17.8, HSP26.7, HSP70, HSP82, HSP90.1-A1, HSP90.1-B1, and HSP90-5) and HSFs (HSFA-2c, HSFA-2d, HSFA-6a, HSFB-2b, and HSFC-2b) and also further increased the abundance of HSP70, HSP90-1, and HSP101 in leaves of creeping bentgrass under heat stress. These results indicated that GABA alleviated heat-induced oxidative damage and chlorophyll loss through enhancing antioxidant capacity. GABA-treated creeping bentgrass maintained higher photosynthesis in leaves contributing to higher accumulation of water soluble carbohydrates for osmotic balance and energy supply under heat stress. GABA-regulated thermotolerance could be involved in upregulating HSF pathways in creeping bentgrass.
Published: 2021

2. Effect of triethanolamine on the crystallization behavior and kinetics of nano t-ZrO2 synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method

Author: Zhou Li, Tiejun Wang, Liujie Xu, Zhao Yunchao, Jiahao Ye, Shizhong Wei, Guo Mingyi, and Zhaoning Xu
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Process Chemistry and Technology, Nucleation, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Avrami equation, Crystallinity, Chemical engineering, law, Triethanolamine, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, medicine, Crystallite, Crystallization, 0210 nano-technology, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, medicine.drug
Abstract: The effect of mineralizer triethanolamine (TEOA) on crystallization behavior of nano-ZrO2 crystallites preparated by microwave-assisted hydrothermal was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM). The isothermal crystallization kinetics of nano-ZrO2 was studied, and the action mechanism of mineralizer TEOA was discussed. XRD and TEM results indicated that the product is a single tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2), and the particle size is 25–30 nm. The addition of mineralizer triethanolamine can significantly improve the nucleation rate and crystallization rate of nano-ZrO2. In order to obtain nano-ZrO2 crystallites with uniform size and good crystallinity, the concentration of TEOA should not be less than 0.3 mol/L (M). There is a good linear relationship between ln[-ln(1-Xc)] and lnt when the concentration of TEOA is 0.3 M, 0.4 M, 0.5 M, indicating that Avrami equation can well describe the crystallization process of nano-ZrO2 crystallites. The crystallization kinetics equations are described by ln[-ln(1-Xc)] = ln0.0005 + 2.25lnt, ln[-ln(1-Xc)] = ln0.025 + 1.28lnt, ln[-ln(1-Xc)] = ln0.4 + 0.57lnt, respectively. With the increase of the concentration of TEOA, the alkali separation of TEOA is carried out continuously, which aggravates the dissolution of colloid and makes the process of crystallization and nucleation easier. Meanwhile, alkoxide ammonium ion formed by alkali ionization can form an electric double layer structure on the surface of zirconia crystallites, thus promoting the dispersion of nano-zirconia powders.
Published: 2021

3. Overexpression of the white clover TrSAMDC1 gene enhanced salt and drought resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author: Jiqiong Zhou, Youzhi Zhang, Lin Liu, Wei Liu, Guangyan Feng, Feng Huahao, Cheng Bizhen, Gang Nie, Xiao Ma, Hou Jieru, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Zhou Li, Yan Peng, and Jia Tong
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Arabidopsis, Plant Science, Genetically modified crops, Biology, Photosynthetic efficiency, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Stress, Physiological, Medicago, Genetics, Arabidopsis thaliana, Abscisic acid, Plant Proteins, fungi, food and beverages, Hydrogen Peroxide, Plants, Genetically Modified, APX, biology.organism_classification, Droughts, Salinity, Spermidine, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Putrescine, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) mediates the biosynthesis of polyamines (PAs) and plays a positive role in plants’ response to adversity stress tolerance. In this study, we isolated a SAMDC gene from white clover, which is located in mitochondria. It was strongly induced when white clover exposed to drought (15% PEG6000), salinity (200 mM NaCl), 20 μM spermidine, 100 μM abscisic acid, and 10 mM H2O2, especially in leaves. The INVSc1 yeast introduced with TrSAMDC1 had tolerance to drought, salt, and oxidative stress. Overexpression of TrSAMDC1 in Arabidopsis showed higher fresh weight and dry weight under drought and salt treatment and without growth inhibition under normal conditions. Leaf senescence induced by drought and saline was further delayed in transgenic plants, regardless of cultivation in 1/2 MS medium and soil. During drought and salt stress, transgenic plants exhibited a significant increase in relative water content, maximum photosynthesis efficiency (Fv/Fm), performance index on the absorption basis (PIABS), activities of antioxidant protective enzymes such as SOD, POD, CAT, and APX, and a significant decrease in accumulation of MDA and H2O2 as compared to the WT. The concentrations of total PAs, putrescine, spermidine, and spermidine in transgenic lines were higher in transgenic plants than in WT under normal and drought conditions. These results suggested that TrSAMDC1 could effectively mitigate abiotic stresses without the expense of production and be a potential candidate gene for improving the drought and salt resistance of crops.
Published: 2021

4. Effects of strain rates on dynamic deformation behavior of Cu-20Ag alloy

Author: Kexing Song, Xujun Mi, Yijie Ban, Zhang Xuebin, Yanjun Zhou, Yongfeng Geng, Zhou Li, Jun Cao, and Yi Zhang
Subjects: Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Mechanical Engineering, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, 02 engineering and technology, Split-Hopkinson pressure bar, Flow stress, engineering.material, Strain rate, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Adiabatic shear band, Stress (mechanics), Mechanics of Materials, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, Composite material, Deformation (engineering), 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Copper alloy is widely used in high-speed railway, aerospace and other fields due to its excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. High speed deformation and dynamic loading under impact load is a complex service condition, which widely exists in the field of national defense, military and industrial application. Therefore, the dynamic deformation behavior of the Cu-20Ag alloy was investigated by Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) with the strain rates of 1000–25000 s−1, high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine with the strain rates of 1–500 s−1. The effect of strain rate on flow stress and adiabatic shear sensitivity was analyzed. The results show that the increase of strain rate will increase the flow stress and critical strain, that is to say, the increase of strain rate will reduce the adiabatic shear sensitivity of the Cu-20Ag alloy. The Cu-Ag interface has obvious orientation relationship with 111 C u / / ( 111 ) A g ; 1 ¯ 11 C u / / ( 1 ¯ 11 ) A g ; 2 ¯ 00 C u / / ( 2 ¯ 00 ) A g and [ 0 1 ¯ 1 ] C u / / [ 0 1 ¯ 1 ] A g with the increase of strain rate. The increase of strain rate promotes the precipitation of Ag and increases the number of interfaces in the microstructure, which hinders the movement of dislocations and improves the stress and yield strength of the Cu-20Ag alloy. The concentration and distribution density of dislocations and the precipitation of Ag were the main reasons improve the flow stress and yield strength of the Cu-20Ag alloy.
Published: 2021

5. Combining triboelectric nanogenerator with piezoelectric effect for optimizing Schottky barrier height modulation

Author: Luming Zhao, Hongqin Feng, Zhou Li, Yan Zhang, Jianping Meng, Yuxiang Wu, and Hu Li
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Materials science, business.industry, Schottky barrier, Nanogenerator, Response time, Schottky diode, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Piezoelectricity, Semiconductor, Optoelectronics, business, Triboelectric effect, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Voltage
Abstract: Schottky-contacted sensors have been demonstrated to show high sensitivity and fast response time in various sensing systems. In order to improve their sensing performance, the Schottky barriers height (SBH) at the interface of semiconductor and metal electrode should be adjusted to appropriate range to avoid low output or low sensitivity, which was induced by excessively high or low SBH, respectively. In this work, a simple and effective SBH tuning method by triboelectric generator (TENG) is proposed, the SBH can be effectively lowered by voltage pulses generated by TENG and gradually recover over time after withdrawing the TENG. Through combining the TENG treatment with piezotronic effect, a synergistic effect on lowering SBH was achieved. The change of SBH is increased by 3.8 to 12.8 times, compared with dependent TENG treatment and piezotronic effect, respectively. Furthermore, the recovery time of the TENG-lowered SBH can be greatly shortened from 1.5 h to 40 s by piezotronic effect. This work demonstrated a flexible and feasible SBH tuning method, which can be used to effectively improve the sensitivity of Schottky-contact sensor and sensing system. Our study also shows great potential in broadening the application scenarios of Schottky-contacted electronic devices.
Published: 2021

6. Interface between FGH96 Superalloy and Refractory Slurry with Different Soaking Time

Author: Wen Yong Xu, Liang Zheng, Zhou Li, Guo Qing Zhang, and Yi Bo Zhang
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Interface (computing), Metallurgy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Superalloy, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, Slurry, General Materials Science, Non-metallic inclusions, 0210 nano-technology, Refractory (planetary science)
Abstract: In this paper, the contact interface between FGH96 superalloy melts and refractory slurry with corundum powder and silica sol at 1600°C with different soaking time in 10-240 min range was investigated. The morphology and composition of the contact interface were studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that the reaction layer formed on the contact interface between the melting superalloy and the refractory slurry, and is mainly consist of Alumina and contains a small amount of other metal elements such as Ti and Cr. The reaction layer was not smooth on the micro level, and there was a peninsula-like structure protruding into the internal part of the melting superalloy on the reaction zone, and even started to fall off at some places to form islands. With the increase of soaking time, the reaction between melt of superalloy and refractory slurry increased gradually and the reaction layer began to combine with the refractory slurry substrate and form obvious interaction layered structure, resulting in the corrosion of refractory slurry substrate. With the soaking time over 120 min, the stable contact interface was destroyed. Thermodynamic calculation shows that the substitution reaction between Al in superalloy and SiO2 in refractory slurry meets the thermodynamic conditions, and the reaction can proceed forward.
Published: 2021

7. Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Cu/Graphene Composite by In Site Reduction and Matrix Alloying with Titanium

Author: Yu Zhao, Xu Ran, and Ya Zhou Li
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Interfacial bonding, Graphene, Mechanical Engineering, Composite number, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Reduction (complexity), Matrix (mathematics), chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, law, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Titanium
Abstract: To reduce the agglomeration of graphene and enhance the interface bonding between reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and copper substrate, copper plating on the graphene surface was prepared by the in-situ reduction method. To improve the strength of the copper matrix, the microalloying strategy of adding titanium to the matrix was adopted. By changing the mass fraction of titanium in the matrix, the optimum ratio of RGO was obtained( Ti mass fraction was 5:1), and the tensile strength was maximized. The results show that RGO did not agglomerate obviously in the matrix. At the same time, the composite powder could be densified rapidly by spark plasma sintering (SPS), which could effectively protect the original distribution of the additive phase in the matrix. In this paper, Cu@RGO/Cu-Ti was prepared and the strengthening mechanism of the composites discussed, providing a new insights into the interface design and carbide formation mechanism of advanced graphene/copper composites with high mechanical properties.
Published: 2021

8. Stretchable, Self-Healing, and Skin-Mounted Active Sensor for Multipoint Muscle Function Assessment

Author: Yang Zou, Yusheng Li, Bojing Shi, Xuecheng Qu, Chaochao Zhao, Han Ouyang, Qiang Zheng, Puchuan Tan, Shengyu Chao, Zhuo Liu, Zhou Li, Ying Liu, and Chan Wang
Subjects: Computer science, Muscles, General Engineering, Reproducibility of Results, General Physics and Astronomy, Response time, Hydrogels, Rigidity (psychology), 02 engineering and technology, Electrostatic induction, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Biceps, 0104 chemical sciences, Humans, General Materials Science, Sensitivity (control systems), 0210 nano-technology, Reliability (statistics), Aged, Skin, Biomedical engineering, Voltage
Abstract: Assessment of muscle function is an essential indicator for estimating elderly health, evaluating motor function, and instructing rehabilitation training, which also sets urgent requirements for mechanical sensors with superior quantification, accuracy, and reliability. To overcome the rigidity and vulnerability of traditional metallic electrodes, we synthesize an ionic hydrogel with large deformation tolerance and fast self-healing ability. And we propose a stretchable, self-healing, and skin-mounted (Triple S) active sensor (TSAS) based on the principles of electrostatic induction and electrostatic coupling. The skin modulus-matched TSAS provides outstanding sensing properties: maximum output voltage of 78.44 V, minimal detection limit of 0.2 mN, fast response time of 1.03 ms, high signal-to-noise ratio and excellent long-term service stability. In training of arm muscle, the functional signals of biceps and triceps brachii muscles as well as the joint dexterity of bending angle can be acquired simultaneously through TSAS. The signal can also be sent wirelessly to a terminal for analysis. With the characteristics of high sensitivity, reliability, convenience, and low-cost, TSAS shows its potential to be the next-generation procedure for real-time assessment of muscle function and rehabilitation training.
Published: 2021

9. Octagold selenido nanoclusters: Significance of surface ligands on tuning geometric and electronic structure of Au8Se2 kernel

Author: Chen-Ho Tung, Shan-Shan Zhang, Di Sun, Zhi-Yong Gao, Ying-Zhou Li, Lei Feng, and Qing-Wang Xue
Subjects: Phase transition, Materials science, Superatom, Jellium, 02 engineering and technology, Electronic structure, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Nanoclusters, Metal, Crystallography, visual_art, Molecular symmetry, visual_art.visual_art_medium, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence
Abstract: Two diphosphine-protected superatom gold selenido nanoclusters, [Au8Se2(dppm)4]2+(SD/Au8a, dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2) and [Au8Se2(dppe)4]2+(SD/Au8b, dppe = Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2), were obtained by the reduction of [Au(SMe2)Cl] in the presence of Ph3PSe as the selenium ion releasing agents. Both can be regarded as “superatoms” with 1S2 configuration based on the spherical Jellium model. Despite the same metal-ligand binding motifs on the surface and the intrinsic C2 molecular symmetry, the configurations of Au8Se2 kernels in them are different in terms of Au-Au bonded metallic frameworks. SD/Au8a displays a heart-shaped [core + exo] type structure (Au4 tetrahedron core + two exo Au2Se units), whereas the two exo Au2Se counterparts in SD/Au8b are additionally locked by an obvious Au-Au bond, forming a distorted hexagonal Au6 ring with two capping AuSe units appended above and below it. Consequently, they showed different photophysical properties as reflected by their electronic absorption and emission spectra. Especially, both SD/Au8a and SD/Au8b exhibit blue-shifted thermochromic luminescence upon cooling from 293 to 83 K but the latter exhibits anomalous emission intensity evolution trends due to the occurrence of temperature-induced phase transition as revealed by varied-temperature crystallographic analyses. This work not only clearly illustrates the significance of ligands on tuning the kernel structure but also provides two rarely comparable examples for better understanding of the structure-property relationship of gold nanoclusters.
Published: 2021

10. Incorporating Photochromic Triphenylamine into a Zirconium–Organic Framework for Highly Effective Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidation of Sulfides

Author: Lei Li, Qiang Li, Pei-Zhou Li, Deshan Zhang, Xin-Nan Zou, Tian-Xiang Luan, Yanli Zhao, and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Zirconium, Materials science, Sulfide, Thioanisole, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Triphenylamine, 01 natural sciences, Tricarboxylate, Aerobic Oxidation, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Chemistry [Science], Photocatalysis, General Materials Science, Metal-organic framework, 0210 nano-technology, Selectivity, Metal-Organic Frameworks
Abstract: A zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) was successfully constructed via solvothermal assembly of a triphenylamine-based tricarboxylate ligand and Zr(IV) salt, the structure simulation of which revealed that it possesses a two-dimensional layered framework with a relatively rare dodecnuclear Zr12 cluster as the inorganic building unit. The inherent photo-responsive property derived from the incorporated photochromic triphenylamine groups combined with its high stability makes the constructed MOF an efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides, which is a fundamentally important reaction type in both environmental and pharmaceutical industries. The photocatalytic activity of the constructed MOF was first investigated under various conditions with thioanisole as a representative sulfide substrate. The MOF exhibited both high efficiency and selectivity on aerobic oxidation of thioanisole in methanol utilizing molecular oxygen in air as the oxidant under blue light irradiation for 10 h. Its high photocatalytic performance was also observed when extending the sulfide substrate to diverse thioanisole derivatives and even a sulfur-containing nerve agent simulant (2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide). The high photocatalytic efficiency and selectivity to a broad set of sulfide substrates make the triphenylamine-incorporating zirconium-based MOF a highly promising heterogeneous photocatalyst. Ministry of Education (MOE) This work was supported by the "Qilu Young Talent Scholar" program of Shandong University and the Singapore Academic Research Fund (RT12/19).
Published: 2021

11. Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance in High Entropy Alloys Sn0.25Pb0.25Mn0.25Ge0.25Te

Author: Xiaofang Li, Honghao Yao, Xi Lin, Kangning Hu, Zongwei Zhang, Xingjun Liu, Zhou Li, Yirui Yan, Li Yin, Feng Cao, Bo Yu, Qian Zhang, Chen Chen, and Xinyu Wang
Subjects: Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Phonon scattering, High entropy alloys, Configuration entropy, Doping, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermoelectric materials, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Seebeck coefficient, Thermoelectric effect, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, Solid solution
Abstract: Entropy is a physical quantity gauging the degree of chaos in the system. High entropy alloying is thus an effective strategy to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity of the thermoelectric materials. In this paper, PbTe, GeTe, and MnTe are coalloyed with SnTe to form a single-phase solid solution. Because of the inclusion of various elements at the cationic (Sn2+) site, the configurational entropy increases, and the phonon scattering is strongly enhanced, leading to a reduced lattice thermal conductivity. In addition, the Seebeck coefficient is improved because of the band modification via this coalloying. Ga is then further doped to optimize the carrier concentration to ∼5.7 × 1020 cm-3 and reduce the room-temperature lattice thermal conductivity to ∼0.6 W m-1 K-1. Finally, a high peak ZT value of ∼1.52 at 823 K and an average ZT value ∼1.0 from 323 to 823 K were obtained in Ga0.025(Sn0.25Pb0.25Mn0.25Ge0.25)0.975Te.
Published: 2021

12. Corrosion behavior of Cu−Al−Mn−Zn−Zr shape memory alloy in NaCl solution

Author: Mo-yang Yin, Zhou Li, Zi-yan Shen, Ya-ping Li, Zhu Xiao, and Yong Pang
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Reaction mechanism, Materials science, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Copper, Corrosion, Dielectric spectroscopy, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Chemical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Polarization (electrochemistry)
Abstract: The corrosion behavior of a copper-based shape memory alloy (Cu−Al−Mn−Zn−Zr) in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was investigated by means of potentiodynamic polarization measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). At the beginning of corrosion, oxidation products formed on the surface of the shape memory alloy and constantly covered the reaction surface, resulting in the decrease of corrosion rate. After 4 d of immersion in NaCl solution, the corrosion product layer became thick and porous, leading to the increase of corrosion rate, and the corrosion reaction mechanism changed from polarization control to diffusion control. The diffusion impedance increased with increasing thickness of the oxide layer for the samples immersed in NaCl solution for 6−15 d. During the whole corrosion process, the reaction mechanism of the alloy changed and the corrosion resistance was improved continuously. The corrosion products mainly contained CuO, ZnO, Al2O3, MnO/Mn2O3, MnO2 and Al(OH)3. Transition of the corrosion products from Cu2O to CuO and Al2O3 to Al(OH)3 occurred during corrosion.
Published: 2021

13. Multi-mode Gaussian Modulated Continuous-Variable Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution

Author: Hang Zhang, Chao Ding, Zijie Wu, Yijun Wang, Zhou Li, and Wei Zhang
Subjects: Independent and identically distributed random variables, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer science, General Mathematics, Gaussian, Detector, Quantum key distribution, Topology, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), Noise (electronics), symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Key (cryptography), symbols, Coherent states, 010306 general physics, Computer Science::Cryptography and Security
Abstract: We propose a novel multi-mode Gaussian modulated continuous variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-CVQKD) protocol where Alice and Bob prepare independent and identically distributed Gaussian modulated coherent states in multiple independent modes respectively along with Charlie using a traditional noise homodyne detector to measure. Since it is completely handed over to an untrusted third party (Charlie) to measure, this protocol can effectively eliminate the defects of the actual detector. As well as, we also proved that the multi-mode MDI-CVQKD protocol can reduce electronic noise. The simulation results show that the multi-mode Gaussian modulated MDI-CVQKD protocol can indeed significantly improve the key rate of the original Gaussian modulated MDI-CVQKD protocol, and extend the maximum secure transmission distance of the secret key.
Published: 2021

14. Simultaneous In Situ Characterizations of Ultrashort Laser Pulses and the Nonlinear Susceptibility of the Irradiated Medium via Time-Resolved Hybrid Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy

Author: Zhou Li, Ziyue Guo, Ruxin Li, Kailin Hu, Shaozhen Liu, Jikun Yan, Alexei V. Sokolov, Jiahui Peng, and Tao Cao
Subjects: In situ, Materials science, 010401 analytical chemistry, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Raman scattering spectroscopy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Nonlinear system, Ultrashort laser, General Materials Science, Physics::Atomic Physics, Irradiation, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: We propose and test a method of simultaneously characterizing ultrashort laser pulses and the nonlinear susceptibility of the irradiated medium at the site where nonlinear interactions occur. In th...
Published: 2021

15. A multiple laser-induced hybrid electrode for flexible triboelectric nanogenerators

Author: Peiyu Huang, Ruping Liu, Wei Yang, Jun Wang, Zhou Li, Yaqian Yang, Huamin Chen, Chenyu Li, Yun Xu, Yuliang Li, Biao Zheng, and Cheng Zhang
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Graphene, business.industry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Signal, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, Fuel Technology, law, Electrode, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Triboelectric effect, Voltage
Abstract: Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) stand out from wearable energy-harvesting technologies due to their high output power and flexibility. Moreover, triboelectric materials particularly the electrodes are considered to be the most significant part, which directly affect the output, flexibility and the fabrication process. In this study, we propose the fabrication of a laser-induced graphene (LIG)-Au hybrid electrode-based flexible TENG by a simple laser-induced method. Utilizing multiple laser irradiation, the PI and metal precursor can be induced to form a porous Au-LIG hybrid electrode. The Au nanoparticles on porous LIG are uniform and dense. Furthermore, this simple method can control the concentration and pattern of the Au-LIG flexible electrode. Based on the Au-LIG flexible electrode, we fabricated a flexible TENG and investigated the effects of the Au concentration on the output performance. The maximum instantaneous power of the Au-LIG-based TENG increased about 4 times compared to that of the LIG-based TENG. Finally, we developed a TENG-based sensor for writing recognition. According to the voltage signal and signal order, we can refer the writing track. This cost-effective method can fabricate the flexible electrode with enhanced performance, which paves the development of flexible and wearable electronics.
Published: 2021

16. Promotion of feather waste recycling by enhancing the reducing power and keratinase activity of Streptomyces sp. SCUT-3

Author: Jia-Zhou Li, Xiao-Chun Luo, Liang Shuang, Ming-Shu Zhang, Mao Hehua, Jun-Jin Deng, Zi-Yang Luo, Wen-Jun Lu, De-Lin Lu, and Zhi-Wei Li
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, animal structures, Bioconversion, medicine.medical_treatment, 01 natural sciences, Streptomyces, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Sulfite, medicine, Environmental Chemistry, Food science, Protease, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, 0104 chemical sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Keratinase, Feather, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, biology.protein, Fermentation, Bacteria
Abstract: As a potential renewable and nitrogen-rich resource, millions of tons of feather waste are generated from poultry farming and this has been steadily increasing. Bioconversion is the most promising low-cost and environmentally benign recycling method, while the efficiency of the isolated natural feather degrading bacteria (FDB) cannot satisfy the requirements of industrial utilization. The process of bacterial degradation of feathers not only requires proteases but also involves complex reduction mechanisms that have not yet been revealed. Previous heterologous expression of keratinase genes in non-FDB hosts achieved only very limited success. In this study, the mechanism of sulfite production via cysteine dioxygenase (CDO1) oxidation was first identified in Streptomyces sp. SCUT-3, which is important for feather disulfide bond reduction. The knockdown of cdo1 significantly decreased the sulfite production (from 38.5 to 22.5 mg L−1) and feather degradation rate (from 45.7% to 39.5%) of SCUT-3 in 5% chicken feather medium (CFM) culture. The overexpression of cdo1 increased bacterial single-cell sulfite production and feather protein conversion efficiency by 3.8 and 2.5 fold, respectively, on day 2 in 5% CFM. On this basis, a new strategy is proposed for increasing feather degradation efficiency by enhancing the reducing power and keratinase activity of FDB according to their own feather degradation mechanism. Thus, the co-overexpression of CDO1 and protease Sep39 successfully increased SCUT-3's feather protein conversion efficiency (42.5% higher than the wild-type) on day 2 in 5% CFM culture. With the co-overexpression strain SCUT-Ocdo1-sep39, 57.5% of proteins in feathers were converted to soluble peptides and free amino acids (0.20 g and 0.29 g g−1 feather, respectively) by solid-state fermentation in 6 d, which was 28.6% higher than that obtained for wild-type SCUT-3. The method developed herein exhibits a much higher economic benefit and a lower ecological footprint than previously reported feather-processing methods and is powerful for industrial recycling of feather waste. This study also elucidates FDB's disulfide bond mechanism and provides a reference for further genetic modification of FDB.
Published: 2021

17. CALPHAD as a powerful technique for design and fabrication of thermoelectric materials

Author: Xiaofang Li, Xingjun Liu, Shuo Chen, Chen Chen, Cuiping Wang, Qian Zhang, Zhou Li, and Zhifeng Ren
Subjects: Work (thermodynamics), Fabrication, Materials science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Mechanical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermoelectric materials, 01 natural sciences, Casting, 0104 chemical sciences, Phase (matter), Thermoelectric effect, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, CALPHAD, Phase diagram
Abstract: Phase diagrams have always been used as a roadmap for materials research in terms of melting, casting, crystal growth, joining, solid-state reaction, heat treatment, phase transformation, and so on. CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) offers a theoretical instruction through a plausible simulation based on Gibbs energies, which could bypass some difficult experiments, extrapolate to a multicomponent-system or metastable region to get complete thermodynamic and kinetic properties, and improve the consistency and accuracy of the measured phase diagram. The present work takes thermoelectric materials as a paradigm, illustrating how to interpret and utilize phase diagrams as well as other thermodynamic information to design target materials, with the aid of multi-component CALPHAD-base databases and software. Two main aspects including phase design and microstructure modulation are delivered by the fundamentals of CALPHAD modeling and concrete examples of thermoelectric alloys. Opinions about the challenges and potentials of its applications in thermoelectric systems are also pointed out.
Published: 2021

18. Vacancy cluster-induced local disordered structure for the enhancement of thermoelectric property in Cu2ZnSnSe4

Author: Zhou Li, Chong Xiao, Bingchuan Gu, Weihui Zhang, Yi Xie, Bangjiao Ye, and Chenxi Zhao
Subjects: Materials science, Phonon scattering, Condensed matter physics, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermoelectric materials, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Amorphous solid, Thermal conductivity, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Vacancy defect, Thermoelectric effect, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy
Abstract: Low thermal conductivity is commonly seen in amorphous or disordered systems, in which electrical conductivity is also very low, bringing considerable obstacles to the development of high-performance thermoelectric materials. Present study highlights the vacancy cluster-induced local disordered structure in Cu2ZnSnSe4 for the simultaneous achievement of low thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity, thereby significantly enhancing its thermoelectric property. Comprehensive evidences from positron annihilation and HRTEM characterizations indicated that the vacancies in cation-deficient (VCu, VZn, and VSn) samples existed as vacancy clusters containing both cation vacancies and intrinsic Se vacancies, which induced the formation of localized disorderly oriented domains. These cation deficiencies contributed to the improved electrical conductivity and power factor of the corresponding Cu2(1−x)Zn1−ySn1−zSe4 samples via an increase in the hole carrier concentration. Moreover, the induced local disordering contributed to further reduced thermal conductivity via stronger phonon scattering. As a result, enhanced ZT performance was achieved in all cation deficient samples. Among them, Sn-deficient Cu2ZnSnSe4 obtained the highest ZT value of 0.44 at 750 K, which was two times larger than that of pristine sample (ZT = 0.14 at 750 K). The cation–anion vacancy cluster and local disordered structure elucidated in the present work open up a new avenue to tackle the entanglement of thermoelectric parameters by proper vacancy modulation.
Published: 2021

19. Metalloradical complex Co–C˙Ph3 catalyzes the CO2 reduction in gas phase: a theoretical study

Author: Zhong-Jun Zhou, Yirong Mo, Fang Ma, Chuan-Kai Tang, and Ya-Zhou Li
Subjects: 010405 organic chemistry, Hydride, Radical, General Physics and Astronomy, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Small molecule, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, Triphenylmethyl radical, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Computational chemistry, Molecule, Organic synthesis, Density functional theory, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Abstract: Metal-stabilized radicals have been increasingly exploited in modern organic synthesis. Here, we theoretically designed a metalloradical complex Co-C˙Ph3 with the triplet characters through the transition metal cobalt (Co0) coordinating a triphenylmethyl radical. The potential catalytic role of this novel metalloradical in the CO2 reduction with H2/CH4 in the gas phase was explored via density functional theory (DFT) calculations. For the CO2 reduction reaction with H2, there are two possible pathways: one (path A) is the activation of CO2 by Co-C˙Ph3, followed by the hydrogenation of CO2. The other (path B) starts from the splitting of the H-H bond by Co-C˙Ph3, leading to the transition-metal hydride complex CoH-H, which can reduce CO2. DFT computations show that path B is more favorable than path A as their rate-determining free energy barriers are 18.3 and 27.2 kcal mol-1, respectively. However, for the reduction of CO2 by CH4 two different products, CH3COOH and HCOOCH3, can be generated following different reaction routes. Both routes begin with one CH4 molecule approaching the metalloradical Co-C˙Ph3 to form the intermediate CoH-CH3. This intermediate can evolve following two different pathways, depending on whether the H bonded to Co is transferred to the O (pathway PO) or the C (pathway PC) of CO2. Comparing their rate-determining steps, we identified that the PO route is more favorable for the reduction of CO2 by CH4 to CH3COOH with the reaction barrier 24.5 kcal mol-1. Thus, the present Co0-based metalloradical system represents a viable catalytic protocol that can contribute to the effective utilization of small molecules (H2 and CH4) to reduce CO2, and provides an alternative strategy for the exploration of CO2 conversion.
Published: 2021

20. Defect Compensation Weakening Induced Mobility Enhancement in Thermoelectric BiTeI by Iodine Deficiency

Author: Chong Xiao, Zhou Li, and Chenxi Zhao
Subjects: Electron mobility, Work (thermodynamics), 010405 organic chemistry, business.industry, Chemistry, Carrier scattering, Organic Chemistry, General Chemistry, Power factor, 010402 general chemistry, Thermoelectric materials, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Compensation (engineering), Thermoelectric effect, Optoelectronics, Energy transformation, business
Abstract: Carrier mobility (weighted mobility more specifically) of thermoelectrics fundamentally determines its power factor, representing a new cut-in point to optimize the thermoelectric performance. However, researches on enhancing the carrier mobility to improve power factor has been overlooked. In present work, we highlight a significant mobility enhancement in BiTeI by introducing I deficiency, which improves the power factor and final ZT value. A defect compensation weakening mechanism is adopted that the induced I vacancies reduce the concentration of intrinsic I Te • and Te I ' antisite defects, which weakens the donor-acceptor defect compensation and suppresses the defects-induced carrier scattering. As a result, the carrier mobility is obviously enhanced in I-deficient samples, which ensures an effectively improved power factor and final ZT. A maximum ZT of 0.57 is achieved at 570 K perpendicular to the pressing direction, which is superior to pristine BiTeI and among the highest values reported for bulk BiTeI-based thermoelectric materials. Present work opens up a new avenue for thermoelectric optimization mainly by mobility enhancement.
Published: 2020

21. Discrimination between normal and malignant colorectal tissues based on discrepancies in their dielectric properties using machine learning methods

Author: Zhou Li, Song Duan, Lumao Huang, Sa Zhang, Ying Sun, Xuefei Yu, and Sherman Xuegang Xin
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Receiver operating characteristic, Contextual image classification, business.industry, Computer science, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Feature extraction, Normal tissue, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Support vector machine, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Artificial intelligence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, computer
Abstract: Numerous researchers approved discrepancies in dielectric properties between malignant and normal tissues. Such discrepancies serve as a foundation for the development of computer-aided diagnostic technologies. In this study, machine learning methods were proposed for discrimination between normal and malignant colorectal tissues based on discrepancies in their dielectric properties. To do so, first, two independent-sample t-tests and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were utilised to examine discrimination power with respect to three types of features, namely, permittivity, conductivity and Cole–Cole fitting parameters. K-nearest neighbour and support vector machine classifiers were used to assess the possibility of combining these features for better classification accuracy. Obtained k-fold cross-validation accuracy reached 88.2%. The obtained accuracy indicated the potential capability of discrimination between normal and malignant colorectal tissues based on discrepancies in their dielectric properties.
Published: 2020

22. Study on the Synthesis of SiC Powder Material by Using Induction Heating System

Author: Fang Jiao, Dian Peng Cui, Bo Yu Dong, Zhou Li Wu, and Mu Long Yang
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Induction heating, Mechanical Engineering, Metallurgy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Grain size, Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: By using a NAURA Advanced Physical Vapor Transport (PVT) System, the character ofthe synthesized SiC powder were studied. Mainly from the aspects of purity and particle size, and relevant experiments were designed to understand the influence of the powder source on the synthesized SiC powder. The results showed that the selection of Si powder source with appropriate particle size was conducive to increase the proportion of large particle size of SiC powder. In addition, the purification of material source in the early stage of the process was beneficial to improve the purity of SiC powder. The results showed successful preparation of optimized SiC powder and thus high-quality SiC wafers were made.
Published: 2020

23. Determination of Fipronil and Four Metabolites in Foodstuffs of Animal Origin Using a Modified QuEChERS Method and GC–NCI–MS/MS

Author: Zhou Li, Changchun Fu, Yan Shen, Nan Wang, Chao Han, Caiqin Liu, and Beizhen Hu
Subjects: Chromatography, medicine.drug_class, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Carboxamide, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Mass spectrometry, Quechers, 040401 food science, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Animal origin, Gc nci ms, 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Chicken Liver, medicine, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Spectral data, Safety Research, Fipronil, Food Science
Abstract: A sensitive, effective, and reliable method for the accurate determination of fipronil and four metabolites (fipronil carboxamide, fipronil sulfone, fipronil sulfide, and fipronil desulfinyl) in foodstuffs of animal origin (egg, milk, beef kidney, beef liver, chicken, and chicken liver) was developed by isotope dilution–gas chromatography–negative chemical ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–NCI–MS/MS). Samples were purified by a modified QuEChERS method. Four isotopically labeled internal standards were added in the sample extraction process to compensate for the matrix effect. The average recoveries were 78.2–107.1% with RSD ≤ 8.5%. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.2 μg kg−1 for fipronil carboxamide and fipronil sulfone and 0.1 μg kg−1 for fipronil, fipronil sulfide, and fipronil desulfinyl. At the same time, the fragmentation mechanism of the five target compounds was analyzed via mass spectral data to help identify the compounds.
Published: 2020

24. Microstructure evolution and hot deformation behavior of Cu−3Ti−0.1Zr alloy with ultra-high strength

Author: Zhu Xiao, Wang Xu, Wenting Qiu, and Zhou Li
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Deformation (mechanics), Constitutive equation, Metals and Alloys, 02 engineering and technology, Work hardening, Flow stress, Strain rate, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Compression (physics), 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Dynamic recrystallization, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The hot compression deformation behavior of Cu–3Ti–0.1Zr alloy with the ultra-high strength and good electrical conductivity was investigated on a Gleeble–3500 thermal-mechanical simulator at temperatures from 700 to 850 °C with the strain rates between 0.001 and 1 s−1. The results show that work hardening, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization occur in the alloy during hot deformation. The hot compression constitutive equation at a true strain of 0.8 is constructed and the apparent activation energy of hot compression deformation Q is about 319.56 kJ/mol. The theoretic flow stress calculated by the constructed constitutive equation is consistent with the experimental result, and the hot processing maps are established based on the dynamic material model. The optimal hot deformation temperature range is between 775 and 850 °C and the strain rate range is between 0.001 and 0.01 s−1.
Published: 2020

25. The Design and Sensitivity of JUNO's scintillator radiopurity pre-detector OSIRIS

Author: JUNO Collaboration, Abusleme, Angel, Adam, Thomas, Ahmad, Shakeel, Ahmed, Rizwan, Aiello, Sebastiano, Akram, Muhammad, An, Fengpeng, An, Guangpeng, An, Qi, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anfimov, Nikolay, Antonelli, Vito, Antoshkina, Tatiana, Asavapibhop, Burin, de André, João Pedro Athayde Marcondes, Auguste, Didier, Babic, Andrej, Baldini, Wander, Barresi, Andrea, Basilico, Davide, Baussan, Eric, Bellato, Marco, Bergnoli, Antonio, Birkenfeld, Thilo, Blin, Sylvie, Blum, David, Blyth, Simon, Bolshakova, Anastasia, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bordereau, Clément, Breton, Dominique, Brigatti, Augusto, Brugnera, Riccardo, Bruno, Riccardo, Budano, Antonio, Buscemi, Mario, Busto, Jose, Butorov, Ilya, Cabrera, Anatael, Cai, Hao, Cai, Xiao, Cai, Yanke, Cai, Zhiyan, Cammi, Antonio, Campeny, Agustin, Cao, Chuanya, Cao, Guofu, Cao, Jun, Caruso, Rossella, Cerna, Cédric, Chang, Jinfan, Chang, Yun, Chen, Pingping, Chen, Po-An, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Xurong, Chen, Yi-Wen, Chen, Yixue, Chen, Yu, Chen, Zhang, Cheng, Jie, Cheng, Yaping, Chetverikov, Alexey, Chiesa, Davide, Chimenti, Pietro, Chukanov, Artem, Claverie, Gérard, Clementi, Catia, Clerbaux, Barbara, Di Lorenzo, Selma Conforti, Corti, Daniele, Costa, Salvatore, Corso, Flavio Dal, Dalager, Olivia, De La Taille, Christophe, Deng, Jiawei, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Depnering, Wilfried, Diaz, Marco, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yayun, Dirgantara, Bayu, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Dohnal, Tadeas, Dolzhikov, Dmitry, Donchenko, Georgy, Dong, Jianmeng, Doroshkevich, Evgeny, Dracos, Marcos, Druillole, Frédéric, Du, Shuxian, Dusini, Stefano, Dvorak, Martin, Enqvist, Timo, Enzmann, Heike, Fabbri, Andrea, Fajt, Lukas, Fan, Donghua, Fan, Lei, Fang, Can, Fang, Jian, Fang, Wenxing, Fargetta, Marco, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Fekete, Vladko, Feng, Li-Cheng, Feng, Qichun, Ford, Richard, Formozov, Andrey, Fournier, Amélie, Gan, Haonan, Gao, Feng, Garfagnini, Alberto, Genster, Christoph, Giammarchi, Marco, Giaz, Agnese, Giudice, Nunzio, Gonchar, Maxim, Gong, Guanghua, Gong, Hui, Gornushkin, Yuri, Göttel, Alexandre, Grassi, Marco, Grewing, Christian, Gromov, Vasily, Gu, Minghao, Gu, Xiaofei, Gu, Yu, Guan, Mengyun, Guardone, Nunzio, Gul, Maria, Guo, Cong, Guo, Jingyuan, Guo, Wanlei, Guo, Xinheng, Guo, Yuhang, Hackspacher, Paul, Hagner, Caren, Han, Ran, Han, Yang, Hassan, Muhammad Sohaib, He, Miao, He, Wei, Heinz, Tobias, Hellmuth, Patrick, Heng, Yuekun, Herrera, Rafael, Hong, Daojin, Hor, YuenKeung, Hou, Shaojing, Hsiung, Yee, Hu, Bei-Zhen, Hu, Hang, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Jun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Tao, Hu, Zhuojun, Huang, Chunhao, Huang, Guihong, Huang, Hanxiong, Huang, Wenhao, Huang, Xin, Huang, Xingtao, Huang, Yongbo, Hui, Jiaqi, Huo, Lei, Huo, Wenju, Huss, Cédric, Hussain, Safeer, Ioannisian, Ara, Isocrate, Roberto, Jelmini, Beatrice, Jen, Kuo-Lun, Jeria, Ignacio, Ji, Xiaolu, Ji, Xingzhao, Jia, Huihui, Jia, Junji, Jian, Siyu, Jiang, Di, Jiang, Xiaoshan, Jin, Ruyi, Jing, Xiaoping, Jollet, Cécile, Joutsenvaara, Jari, Jungthawan, Sirichok, Kalousis, Leonidas, Kampmann, Philipp, Kang, Li, Karagounis, Michael, Kazarian, Narine, Khan, Waseem, Khosonthongkee, Khanchai, Korablev, Denis, Kouzakov, Konstantin, Krasnoperov, Alexey, Kruth, Andre, Kutovskiy, Nikolay, Kuusiniemi, Pasi, Lachenmaier, Tobias, Landini, Cecilia, Leblanc, Sébastien, Lebrin, Victor, Lefevre, Frederic, Lei, Ruiting, Leitner, Rupert, Leung, Jason, Li, Demin, Li, Fei, Li, Fule, Li, Haitao, Li, Huiling, Li, Jiaqi, Li, Mengzhao, Li, Min, Li, Nan, Li, Qingjiang, Li, Ruhui, Li, Shanfeng, Li, Tao, Li, Weidong, Li, Weiguo, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xiaonan, Li, Xinglong, Li, Yi, Li, Yufeng, Li, Zhaohan, Li, Zhibing, Li, Ziyuan, Liang, Hao, Liang, Jingjing, Liao, Jiajun, Liebau, Daniel, Limphirat, Ayut, Limpijumnong, Sukit, Lin, Guey-Lin, Lin, Shengxin, Lin, Tao, Ling, Jiajie, Lippi, Ivano, Liu, Fang, Liu, Haidong, Liu, Hongbang, Liu, Hongjuan, Liu, Hongtao, Liu, Hui, Liu, Jianglai, Liu, Jinchang, Liu, Min, Liu, Qian, Liu, Qin, Liu, Runxuan, Liu, Shuangyu, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Shulin, Liu, Xiaowei, Liu, Xiwen, Liu, Yan, Liu, Yunzhe, Lokhov, Alexey, Lombardi, Paolo, Lombardo, Claudio, Loo, Kai, Lu, Chuan, Lu, Haoqi, Lu, Jingbin, Lu, Junguang, Lu, Shuxiang, Lu, Xiaoxu, Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto, Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim, Ludhova, Livia, Luo, Fengjiao, Luo, Guang, Luo, Pengwei, Luo, Shu, Luo, Wuming, Lyashuk, Vladimir, Ma, Bangzheng, Ma, Qiumei, Ma, Si, Ma, Xiaoyan, Ma, Xubo, Maalmi, Jihane, Malyshkin, Yury, Mantovani, Fabio, Manzali, Francesco, Mao, Xin, Mao, Yajun, Mari, Stefano M., Marini, Filippo, Marium, Sadia, Martellini, Cristina, Martin-Chassard, Gisele, Martini, Agnese, Mayilyan, Davit, Mednieks, Ints, Meng, Yue, Meregaglia, Anselmo, Meroni, Emanuela, Meyhöfer, David, Mezzetto, Mauro, Miller, Jonathan, Miramonti, Lino, Montini, Paolo, Montuschi, Michele, Müller, Axel, Muralidharan, Pavithra, Nastasi, Massimiliano, Naumov, Dmitry V., Naumova, Elena, Navas-Nicolas, Diana, Nemchenok, Igor, NguyenThi, MinhThuan, Ning, Feipeng, Ning, Zhe, Nunokawa, Hiroshi, Oberauer, Lothar, Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Orestano, Domizia, Ortica, Fausto, Othegraven, Rainer, Pan, Hsiao-Ru, Paoloni, Alessandro, Parkalian, Nina, Parmeggiano, Sergio, Pei, Yatian, Pelliccia, Nicomede, Peng, Anguo, Peng, Haiping, Perrot, Frédéric, Petitjean, Pierre-Alexandre, Petrucci, Fabrizio, Pilarczyk, Oliver, Rico, Luis Felipe Piñeres, Popov, Artyom, Poussot, Pascal, Pratumwan, Wathan, Previtali, Ezio, Qi, Fazhi, Qi, Ming, Qian, Sen, Qian, Xiaohui, Qian, Zhen, Qiao, Hao, Qin, Zhonghua, Qiu, Shoukang, Rajput, Muhammad Usman, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Raper, Neill, Re, Alessandra, Rebber, Henning, Rebii, Abdel, Ren, Bin, Ren, Jie, Ricci, Barbara, Robens, Markus, Roche, Mathieu, Rodphai, Narongkiat, Romani, Aldo, Roskovec, Bedřich, Roth, Christian, Ruan, Xiangdong, Ruan, Xichao, Rujirawat, Saroj, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Sadovsky, Andrey, Saggese, Paolo, Sanfilippo, Simone, Sangka, Anut, Sanguansak, Nuanwan, Sawangwit, Utane, Sawatzki, Julia, Sawy, Fatma, Schever, Michaela, Schwab, Cédric, Schweizer, Konstantin, Selyunin, Alexandr, Serafini, Andrea, Settanta, Giulio, Settimo, Mariangela, Shao, Zhuang, Sharov, Vladislav, Shaydurova, Arina, Shi, Jingyan, Shi, Yanan, Shutov, Vitaly, Sidorenkov, Andrey, Šimkovic, Fedor, Sirignano, Chiara, Siripak, Jaruchit, Sisti, Monica, Slupecki, Maciej, Smirnov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago, Sokolov, Sergey, Songwadhana, Julanan, Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar, Sotnikov, Albert, Šrámek, Ondřej, Sreethawong, Warintorn, Stahl, Achim, Stanco, Luca, Stankevich, Konstantin, Štefánik, Dušan, Steiger, Hans, Steinmann, Jochen, Sterr, Tobias, Stock, Matthias Raphael, Strati, Virginia, Studenikin, Alexander, Sun, Gongxing, Sun, Shifeng, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Yongjie, Sun, Yongzhao, Suwonjandee, Narumon, Szelezniak, Michal, Tang, Jian, Tang, Qiang, Tang, Quan, Tang, Xiao, Tietzsch, Alexander, Tkachev, Igor, Tmej, Tomas, Treskov, Konstantin, Triossi, Andrea, Troni, Giancarlo, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tuve, Cristina, Ushakov, Nikita, Boom, Johannes van den, van Waasen, Stefan, Vanroyen, Guillaume, Vassilopoulos, Nikolaos, Vedin, Vadim, Verde, Giuseppe, Vialkov, Maxim, Viaud, Benoit, Vollbrecht, Cornelius, Volpe, Cristina, Vorobel, Vit, Voronin, Dmitriy, Votano, Lucia, Walker, Pablo, Wang, Caishen, Wang, Chung-Hsiang, Wang, En, Wang, Guoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Jun, Wang, Kunyu, Wang, Lu, Wang, Meifen, Wang, Meng, Wang, Ruiguang, Wang, Siguang, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wenshuai, Wang, Xi, Wang, Xiangyue, Wang, Yangfu, Wang, Yaoguang, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yuman, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zheng, Wang, Zhimin, Wang, Zongyi, Waqas, Muhammad, Watcharangkool, Apimook, Wei, Lianghong, Wei, Wei, Wei, Wenlu, Wei, Yadong, Wen, Liangjian, Wiebusch, Christopher, Wong, Steven Chan-Fai, Wonsak, Bjoern, Wu, Diru, Wu, Fangliang, Wu, Qun, Wu, Zhi, Wurm, Michael, Wurtz, Jacques, Wysotzki, Christian, Xi, Yufei, Xia, Dongmei, Xie, Yuguang, Xie, Zhangquan, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Benda, Xu, Cheng, Xu, Donglian, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Hangkun, Xu, Jilei, Xu, Jing, Xu, Meihang, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yu, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Taylor, Yan, Wenqi, Yan, Xiongbo, Yan, Yupeng, Yang, Anbo, Yang, Changgen, Yang, Huan, Yang, Jie, Yang, Lei, Yang, Xiaoyu, Yang, Yifan, Yao, Haifeng, Yasin, Zafar, Ye, Jiaxuan, Ye, Mei, Ye, Ziping, Yegin, Ugur, Yermia, Frédéric, Yi, Peihuai, Yin, Na, Yin, Xiangwei, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chiye, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Hongzhao, Yu, Miao, Yu, Xianghui, Yu, Zeyuan, Yu, Zezhong, Yuan, Chengzhuo, Yuan, Ying, Yuan, Zhenxiong, Yuan, Ziyi, Yue, Baobiao, Zafar, Noman, Zambanini, Andre, Zavadskyi, Vitalii, Zeng, Shan, Zeng, Tingxuan, Zeng, Yuda, Zhan, Liang, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Feiyang, Zhang, Guoqing, Zhang, Haiqiong, Zhang, Honghao, Zhang, Jiawen, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jingbo, Zhang, Jinnan, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Qingmin, Zhang, Shiqi, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Tao, Zhang, Xiaomei, Zhang, Xuantong, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yinhong, Zhang, Yiyu, Zhang, Yongpeng, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhijian, Zhao, Fengyi, Zhao, Jie, Zhao, Rong, Zhao, Shujun, Zhao, Tianchi, Zheng, Dongqin, Zheng, Hua, Zheng, Minshan, Zheng, Yangheng, Zhong, Weirong, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Nan, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Tong, Zhou, Xiang, Zhu, Jiang, Zhu, Kangpu, Zhu, Kejun, Zhu, Zhihang, Zhuang, Bo, Zhuang, Honglin, Zong, Liang, Zou, Jiaheng, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), JUNO, Abusleme, A, Adam, T, Ahmad, S, Ahmed, R, Aiello, S, Akram, M, An, F, An, G, An, Q, Andronico, G, Anfimov, N, Antonelli, V, Antoshkina, T, Asavapibhop, B, de Andre, J, Auguste, D, Babic, A, Baldini, W, Barresi, A, Basilico, D, Baussan, E, Bellato, M, Bergnoli, A, Birkenfeld, T, Blin, S, Blum, D, Blyth, S, Bolshakova, A, Bongrand, M, Bordereau, C, Breton, D, Brigatti, A, Brugnera, R, Bruno, R, Budano, A, Buscemi, M, Busto, J, Butorov, I, Cabrera, A, Cai, H, Cai, X, Cai, Y, Cai, Z, Cammi, A, Campeny, A, Cao, C, Cao, G, Cao, J, Caruso, R, Cerna, C, Chang, J, Chang, Y, Chen, P, Chen, S, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Chen, Z, Cheng, J, Cheng, Y, Chetverikov, A, Chiesa, D, Chimenti, P, Chukanov, A, Claverie, G, Clementi, C, Clerbaux, B, Lorenzo, S, Corti, D, Costa, S, Corso, F, Dalager, O, De La Taille, C, Deng, J, Deng, Z, Depnering, W, Diaz, M, Ding, X, Ding, Y, Dirgantara, B, Dmitrievsky, S, Dohnal, T, Dolzhikov, D, Donchenko, G, Dong, J, Doroshkevich, E, Dracos, M, Druillole, F, Du, S, Dusini, S, Dvorak, M, Enqvist, T, Enzmann, H, Fabbri, A, Fajt, L, Fan, D, Fan, L, Fang, C, Fang, J, Fang, W, Fargetta, M, Fedoseev, D, Fekete, V, Feng, L, Feng, Q, Ford, R, Formozov, A, Fournier, A, Gan, H, Gao, F, Garfagnini, A, Genster, C, Giammarchi, M, Giaz, A, Giudice, N, Gonchar, M, Gong, G, Gong, H, Gornushkin, Y, Gottel, A, Grassi, M, Grewing, C, Gromov, V, Gu, M, Gu, X, Gu, Y, Guan, M, Guardone, N, Gul, M, Guo, C, Guo, J, Guo, W, Guo, X, Guo, Y, Hackspacher, P, Hagner, C, Han, R, Han, Y, Hassan, M, He, M, He, W, Heinz, T, Hellmuth, P, Heng, Y, Herrera, R, Hong, D, Hor, Y, Hou, S, Hsiung, Y, Hu, B, Hu, H, Hu, J, Hu, S, Hu, T, Hu, Z, Huang, C, Huang, G, Huang, H, Huang, W, Huang, X, Huang, Y, Hui, J, Huo, L, Huo, W, Huss, C, Hussain, S, Ioannisian, A, Isocrate, R, Jelmini, B, Jen, K, Jeria, I, Ji, X, Jia, H, Jia, J, Jian, S, Jiang, D, Jiang, X, Jin, R, Jing, X, Jollet, C, Joutsenvaara, J, Jungthawan, S, Kalousis, L, Kampmann, P, Kang, L, Karagounis, M, Kazarian, N, Khan, W, Khosonthongkee, K, Korablev, D, Kouzakov, K, Krasnoperov, A, Kruth, A, Kutovskiy, N, Kuusiniemi, P, Lachenmaier, T, Landini, C, Leblanc, S, Lebrin, V, Lefevre, F, Lei, R, Leitner, R, Leung, J, Li, D, Li, F, Li, H, Li, J, Li, M, Li, N, Li, Q, Li, R, Li, S, Li, T, Li, W, Li, X, Li, Y, Li, Z, Liang, H, Liang, J, Liao, J, Liebau, D, Limphirat, A, Limpijumnong, S, Lin, G, Lin, S, Lin, T, Ling, J, Lippi, I, Liu, F, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, M, Liu, Q, Liu, R, Liu, S, Liu, X, Liu, Y, Lokhov, A, Lombardi, P, Lombardo, C, Loo, K, Lu, C, Lu, H, Lu, J, Lu, S, Lu, X, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lubsandorzhiev, S, Ludhova, L, Luo, F, Luo, G, Luo, P, Luo, S, Luo, W, Lyashuk, V, Ma, B, Ma, Q, Ma, S, Ma, X, Maalmi, J, Malyshkin, Y, Mantovani, F, Manzali, F, Mao, X, Mao, Y, Mari, S, Marini, F, Marium, S, Martellini, C, Martin-Chassard, G, Martini, A, Mayilyan, D, Mednieks, I, Meng, Y, Meregaglia, A, Meroni, E, Meyhofer, D, Mezzetto, M, Miller, J, Miramonti, L, Montini, P, Montuschi, M, Muller, A, Muralidharan, P, Nastasi, M, Naumov, D, Naumova, E, Navas-Nicolas, D, Nemchenok, I, Nguyenthi, M, Ning, F, Ning, Z, Nunokawa, H, Oberauer, L, Ochoa-Ricoux, J, Olshevskiy, A, Orestano, D, Ortica, F, Othegraven, R, Pan, H, Paoloni, A, Parkalian, N, Parmeggiano, S, Pei, Y, Pelliccia, N, Peng, A, Peng, H, Perrot, F, Petitjean, P, Petrucci, F, Pilarczyk, O, Rico, L, Popov, A, Poussot, P, Pratumwan, W, Previtali, E, Qi, F, Qi, M, Qian, S, Qian, X, Qian, Z, Qiao, H, Qin, Z, Qiu, S, Rajput, M, Ranucci, G, Raper, N, Re, A, Rebber, H, Rebii, A, Ren, B, Ren, J, Ricci, B, Robens, M, Roche, M, Rodphai, N, Romani, A, Roskovec, B, Roth, C, Ruan, X, Rujirawat, S, Rybnikov, A, Sadovsky, A, Saggese, P, Sanfilippo, S, Sangka, A, Sanguansak, N, Sawangwit, U, Sawatzki, J, Sawy, F, Schever, M, Schwab, C, Schweizer, K, Selyunin, A, Serafini, A, Settanta, G, Settimo, M, Shao, Z, Sharov, V, Shaydurova, A, Shi, J, Shi, Y, Shutov, V, Sidorenkov, A, Simkovic, F, Sirignano, C, Siripak, J, Sisti, M, Slupecki, M, Smirnov, M, Smirnov, O, Sogo-Bezerra, T, Sokolov, S, Songwadhana, J, Soonthornthum, B, Sotnikov, A, Sramek, O, Sreethawong, W, Stahl, A, Stanco, L, Stankevich, K, Stefanik, D, Steiger, H, Steinmann, J, Sterr, T, Stock, M, Strati, V, Studenikin, A, Sun, G, Sun, S, Sun, X, Sun, Y, Suwonjandee, N, Szelezniak, M, Tang, J, Tang, Q, Tang, X, Tietzsch, A, Tkachev, I, Tmej, T, Treskov, K, Triossi, A, Troni, G, Trzaska, W, Tuve, C, Ushakov, N, van den Boom, J, van Waasen, S, Vanroyen, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Vedin, V, Verde, G, Vialkov, M, Viaud, B, Vollbrecht, C, Volpe, C, Vorobel, V, Voronin, D, Votano, L, Walker, P, Wang, C, Wang, E, Wang, G, Wang, J, Wang, K, Wang, L, Wang, M, Wang, R, Wang, S, Wang, W, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Waqas, M, Watcharangkool, A, Wei, L, Wei, W, Wei, Y, Wen, L, Wiebusch, C, Wong, S, Wonsak, B, Wu, D, Wu, F, Wu, Q, Wu, Z, Wurm, M, Wurtz, J, Wysotzki, C, Xi, Y, Xia, D, Xie, Y, Xie, Z, Xing, Z, Xu, B, Xu, C, Xu, D, Xu, F, Xu, H, Xu, J, Xu, M, Xu, Y, Yan, B, Yan, T, Yan, W, Yan, X, Yan, Y, Yang, A, Yang, C, Yang, H, Yang, J, Yang, L, Yang, X, Yang, Y, Yao, H, Yasin, Z, Ye, J, Ye, M, Ye, Z, Yegin, U, Yermia, F, Yi, P, Yin, N, Yin, X, You, Z, Yu, B, Yu, C, Yu, H, Yu, M, Yu, X, Yu, Z, Yuan, C, Yuan, Y, Yuan, Z, Yue, B, Zafar, N, Zambanini, A, Zavadskyi, V, Zeng, S, Zeng, T, Zeng, Y, Zhan, L, Zhang, A, Zhang, F, Zhang, G, Zhang, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, P, Zhang, Q, Zhang, S, Zhang, T, Zhang, X, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zhao, J, Zhao, R, Zhao, S, Zhao, T, Zheng, D, Zheng, H, Zheng, M, Zheng, Y, Zhong, W, Zhou, J, Zhou, L, Zhou, N, Zhou, S, Zhou, T, Zhou, X, Zhu, J, Zhu, K, Zhu, Z, Zhuang, B, Zhuang, H, Zong, L, Zou, J, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abusleme, Angel, Adam, Thoma, Ahmad, Shakeel, Ahmed, Rizwan, Aiello, Sebastiano, Akram, Muhammad, An, Fengpeng, An, Guangpeng, An, Qi, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anfimov, Nikolay, Antonelli, Vito, Antoshkina, Tatiana, Asavapibhop, Burin, de André, João Pedro Athayde Marconde, Auguste, Didier, Babic, Andrej, Baldini, Wander, Barresi, Andrea, Basilico, Davide, Baussan, Eric, Bellato, Marco, Bergnoli, Antonio, Birkenfeld, Thilo, Blin, Sylvie, Blum, David, Blyth, Simon, Bolshakova, Anastasia, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bordereau, Clément, Breton, Dominique, Brigatti, Augusto, Brugnera, Riccardo, Bruno, Riccardo, Budano, Antonio, Buscemi, Mario, Busto, Jose, Butorov, Ilya, Cabrera, Anatael, Cai, Hao, Cai, Xiao, Cai, Yanke, Cai, Zhiyan, Cammi, Antonio, Campeny, Agustin, Cao, Chuanya, Cao, Guofu, Cao, Jun, Caruso, Rossella, Cerna, Cédric, Chang, Jinfan, Chang, Yun, Chen, Pingping, Chen, Po-An, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Xurong, Chen, Yi-Wen, Chen, Yixue, Chen, Yu, Chen, Zhang, Cheng, Jie, Cheng, Yaping, Chetverikov, Alexey, Chiesa, Davide, Chimenti, Pietro, Chukanov, Artem, Claverie, Gérard, Clementi, Catia, Clerbaux, Barbara, Lorenzo, Selma Conforti Di, Corti, Daniele, Costa, Salvatore, Corso, Flavio Dal, Dalager, Olivia, De La Taille, Christophe, Deng, Jiawei, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Depnering, Wilfried, Diaz, Marco, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yayun, Dirgantara, Bayu, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Dohnal, Tadea, Dolzhikov, Dmitry, Donchenko, Georgy, Dong, Jianmeng, Doroshkevich, Evgeny, Dracos, Marco, Druillole, Frédéric, Du, Shuxian, Dusini, Stefano, Dvorak, Martin, Enqvist, Timo, Enzmann, Heike, Fabbri, Andrea, Fajt, Luka, Fan, Donghua, Fan, Lei, Fang, Can, Fang, Jian, Fang, Wenxing, Fargetta, Marco, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Fekete, Vladko, Feng, Li-Cheng, Feng, Qichun, Ford, Richard, Formozov, Andrey, Fournier, Amélie, Gan, Haonan, Gao, Feng, Garfagnini, Alberto, Genster, Christoph, Giammarchi, Marco, Giaz, Agnese, Giudice, Nunzio, Gonchar, Maxim, Gong, Guanghua, Gong, Hui, Gornushkin, Yuri, Göttel, Alexandre, Grassi, Marco, Grewing, Christian, Gromov, Vasily, Gu, Minghao, Gu, Xiaofei, Gu, Yu, Guan, Mengyun, Guardone, Nunzio, Gul, Maria, Guo, Cong, Guo, Jingyuan, Guo, Wanlei, Guo, Xinheng, Guo, Yuhang, Hackspacher, Paul, Hagner, Caren, Han, Ran, Han, Yang, Hassan, Muhammad Sohaib, He, Miao, He, Wei, Heinz, Tobia, Hellmuth, Patrick, Heng, Yuekun, Herrera, Rafael, Hong, Daojin, Hor, Yuenkeung, Hou, Shaojing, Hsiung, Yee, Hu, Bei-Zhen, Hu, Hang, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Jun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Tao, Hu, Zhuojun, Huang, Chunhao, Huang, Guihong, Huang, Hanxiong, Huang, Wenhao, Huang, Xin, Huang, Xingtao, Huang, Yongbo, Hui, Jiaqi, Huo, Lei, Huo, Wenju, Huss, Cédric, Hussain, Safeer, Ioannisian, Ara, Isocrate, Roberto, Jelmini, Beatrice, Jen, Kuo-Lun, Jeria, Ignacio, Ji, Xiaolu, Ji, Xingzhao, Jia, Huihui, Jia, Junji, Jian, Siyu, Jiang, Di, Jiang, Xiaoshan, Jin, Ruyi, Jing, Xiaoping, Jollet, Cécile, Joutsenvaara, Jari, Jungthawan, Sirichok, Kalousis, Leonida, Kampmann, Philipp, Kang, Li, Karagounis, Michael, Kazarian, Narine, Khan, Waseem, Khosonthongkee, Khanchai, Korablev, Deni, Kouzakov, Konstantin, Krasnoperov, Alexey, Kruth, Andre, Kutovskiy, Nikolay, Kuusiniemi, Pasi, Lachenmaier, Tobia, Landini, Cecilia, Leblanc, Sébastien, Lebrin, Victor, Lefevre, Frederic, Lei, Ruiting, Leitner, Rupert, Leung, Jason, Li, Demin, Li, Fei, Li, Fule, Li, Haitao, Li, Huiling, Li, Jiaqi, Li, Mengzhao, Li, Min, Li, Nan, Li, Qingjiang, Li, Ruhui, Li, Shanfeng, Li, Tao, Li, Weidong, Li, Weiguo, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xiaonan, Li, Xinglong, Li, Yi, Li, Yufeng, Li, Zhaohan, Li, Zhibing, Li, Ziyuan, Liang, Hao, Liang, Jingjing, Liao, Jiajun, Liebau, Daniel, Limphirat, Ayut, Limpijumnong, Sukit, Lin, Guey-Lin, Lin, Shengxin, Lin, Tao, Ling, Jiajie, Lippi, Ivano, Liu, Fang, Liu, Haidong, Liu, Hongbang, Liu, Hongjuan, Liu, Hongtao, Liu, Hui, Liu, Jianglai, Liu, Jinchang, Liu, Min, Liu, Qian, Liu, Qin, Liu, Runxuan, Liu, Shuangyu, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Shulin, Liu, Xiaowei, Liu, Xiwen, Liu, Yan, Liu, Yunzhe, Lokhov, Alexey, Lombardi, Paolo, Lombardo, Claudio, Loo, Kai, Lu, Chuan, Lu, Haoqi, Lu, Jingbin, Lu, Junguang, Lu, Shuxiang, Lu, Xiaoxu, Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto, Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim, Ludhova, Livia, Luo, Fengjiao, Luo, Guang, Luo, Pengwei, Luo, Shu, Luo, Wuming, Lyashuk, Vladimir, Ma, Bangzheng, Ma, Qiumei, Ma, Si, Ma, Xiaoyan, Ma, Xubo, Maalmi, Jihane, Malyshkin, Yury, Mantovani, Fabio, Manzali, Francesco, Mao, Xin, Mao, Yajun, Mari, Stefano M., Marini, Filippo, Marium, Sadia, Martellini, Cristina, Martin-Chassard, Gisele, Martini, Agnese, Mayilyan, Davit, Mednieks, Int, Meng, Yue, Meregaglia, Anselmo, Meroni, Emanuela, Meyhöfer, David, Mezzetto, Mauro, Miller, Jonathan, Miramonti, Lino, Montini, Paolo, Montuschi, Michele, Müller, Axel, Muralidharan, Pavithra, Nastasi, Massimiliano, Naumov, Dmitry V., Naumova, Elena, Navas-Nicolas, Diana, Nemchenok, Igor, Nguyenthi, Minhthuan, Ning, Feipeng, Ning, Zhe, Nunokawa, Hiroshi, Oberauer, Lothar, Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Orestano, Domizia, Ortica, Fausto, Othegraven, Rainer, Pan, Hsiao-Ru, Paoloni, Alessandro, Parkalian, Nina, Parmeggiano, Sergio, Pei, Yatian, Pelliccia, Nicomede, Peng, Anguo, Peng, Haiping, Perrot, Frédéric, Petitjean, Pierre-Alexandre, Petrucci, Fabrizio, Pilarczyk, Oliver, Rico, Luis Felipe Piñere, Popov, Artyom, Poussot, Pascal, Pratumwan, Wathan, Previtali, Ezio, Qi, Fazhi, Qi, Ming, Qian, Sen, Qian, Xiaohui, Qian, Zhen, Qiao, Hao, Qin, Zhonghua, Qiu, Shoukang, Rajput, Muhammad Usman, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Raper, Neill, Re, Alessandra, Rebber, Henning, Rebii, Abdel, Ren, Bin, Ren, Jie, Ricci, Barbara, Robens, Marku, Roche, Mathieu, Rodphai, Narongkiat, Romani, Aldo, Roskovec, Bedřich, Roth, Christian, Ruan, Xiangdong, Ruan, Xichao, Rujirawat, Saroj, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Sadovsky, Andrey, Saggese, Paolo, Sanfilippo, Simone, Sangka, Anut, Sanguansak, Nuanwan, Sawangwit, Utane, Sawatzki, Julia, Sawy, Fatma, Schever, Michaela, Schwab, Cédric, Schweizer, Konstantin, Selyunin, Alexandr, Serafini, Andrea, Settanta, Giulio, Settimo, Mariangela, Shao, Zhuang, Sharov, Vladislav, Shaydurova, Arina, Shi, Jingyan, Shi, Yanan, Shutov, Vitaly, Sidorenkov, Andrey, Šimkovic, Fedor, Sirignano, Chiara, Siripak, Jaruchit, Sisti, Monica, Slupecki, Maciej, Smirnov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago, Sokolov, Sergey, Songwadhana, Julanan, Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar, Sotnikov, Albert, Šrámek, Ondřej, Sreethawong, Warintorn, Stahl, Achim, Stanco, Luca, Stankevich, Konstantin, Štefánik, Dušan, Steiger, Han, Steinmann, Jochen, Sterr, Tobia, Stock, Matthias Raphael, Strati, Virginia, Studenikin, Alexander, Sun, Gongxing, Sun, Shifeng, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Yongjie, Sun, Yongzhao, Suwonjandee, Narumon, Szelezniak, Michal, Tang, Jian, Tang, Qiang, Tang, Quan, Tang, Xiao, Tietzsch, Alexander, Tkachev, Igor, Tmej, Toma, Treskov, Konstantin, Triossi, Andrea, Troni, Giancarlo, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tuve, Cristina, Ushakov, Nikita, van den Boom, Johanne, van Waasen, Stefan, Vanroyen, Guillaume, Vassilopoulos, Nikolao, Vedin, Vadim, Verde, Giuseppe, Vialkov, Maxim, Viaud, Benoit, Vollbrecht, Corneliu, Volpe, Cristina, Vorobel, Vit, Voronin, Dmitriy, Votano, Lucia, Walker, Pablo, Wang, Caishen, Wang, Chung-Hsiang, Wang, En, Wang, Guoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Jun, Wang, Kunyu, Wang, Lu, Wang, Meifen, Wang, Meng, Wang, Ruiguang, Wang, Siguang, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wenshuai, Wang, Xi, Wang, Xiangyue, Wang, Yangfu, Wang, Yaoguang, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yuman, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zheng, Wang, Zhimin, Wang, Zongyi, Waqas, Muhammad, Watcharangkool, Apimook, Wei, Lianghong, Wei, Wei, Wei, Wenlu, Wei, Yadong, Wen, Liangjian, Wiebusch, Christopher, Wong, Steven Chan-Fai, Wonsak, Bjoern, Wu, Diru, Wu, Fangliang, Wu, Qun, Wu, Zhi, Wurm, Michael, Wurtz, Jacque, Wysotzki, Christian, Xi, Yufei, Xia, Dongmei, Xie, Yuguang, Xie, Zhangquan, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Benda, Xu, Cheng, Xu, Donglian, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Hangkun, Xu, Jilei, Xu, Jing, Xu, Meihang, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yu, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Taylor, Yan, Wenqi, Yan, Xiongbo, Yan, Yupeng, Yang, Anbo, Yang, Changgen, Yang, Huan, Yang, Jie, Yang, Lei, Yang, Xiaoyu, Yang, Yifan, Yao, Haifeng, Yasin, Zafar, Ye, Jiaxuan, Ye, Mei, Ye, Ziping, Yegin, Ugur, Yermia, Frédéric, Yi, Peihuai, Yin, Na, Yin, Xiangwei, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chiye, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Hongzhao, Yu, Miao, Yu, Xianghui, Yu, Zeyuan, Yu, Zezhong, Yuan, Chengzhuo, Yuan, Ying, Yuan, Zhenxiong, Yuan, Ziyi, Yue, Baobiao, Zafar, Noman, Zambanini, Andre, Zavadskyi, Vitalii, Zeng, Shan, Zeng, Tingxuan, Zeng, Yuda, Zhan, Liang, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Feiyang, Zhang, Guoqing, Zhang, Haiqiong, Zhang, Honghao, Zhang, Jiawen, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jingbo, Zhang, Jinnan, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Qingmin, Zhang, Shiqi, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Tao, Zhang, Xiaomei, Zhang, Xuantong, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yinhong, Zhang, Yiyu, Zhang, Yongpeng, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhijian, Zhao, Fengyi, Zhao, Jie, Zhao, Rong, Zhao, Shujun, Zhao, Tianchi, Zheng, Dongqin, Zheng, Hua, Zheng, Minshan, Zheng, Yangheng, Zhong, Weirong, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Nan, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Tong, Zhou, Xiang, Zhu, Jiang, Zhu, Kangpu, Zhu, Kejun, Zhu, Zhihang, Zhuang, Bo, Zhuang, Honglin, Zong, Liang, Zou, Jiaheng, Abusleme A., Adam T., Ahmad S., Ahmed R., Aiello S., Akram M., An F., An G., An Q., Andronico G., Anfimov N., Antonelli V., Antoshkina T., Asavapibhop B., de Andre J.P.A.M., Auguste D., Babic A., Baldini W., Barresi A., Basilico D., Baussan E., Bellato M., Bergnoli A., Birkenfeld T., Blin S., Blum D., Blyth S., Bolshakova A., Bongrand M., Bordereau C., Breton D., Brigatti A., Brugnera R., Bruno R., Budano A., Buscemi M., Busto J., Butorov I., Cabrera A., Cai H., Cai X., Cai Y., Cai Z., Cammi A., Campeny A., Cao C., Cao G., Cao J., Caruso R., Cerna C., Chang J., Chang Y., Chen P., Chen P.-A., Chen S., Chen X., Chen Y.-W., Chen Y., Chen Z., Cheng J., Cheng Y., Chetverikov A., Chiesa D., Chimenti P., Chukanov A., Claverie G., Clementi C., Clerbaux B., Lorenzo S.C.D., Corti D., Costa S., Corso F.D., Dalager O., De La Taille C., Deng J., Deng Z., Depnering W., Diaz M., Ding X., Ding Y., Dirgantara B., Dmitrievsky S., Dohnal T., Dolzhikov D., Donchenko G., Dong J., Doroshkevich E., Dracos M., Druillole F., Du S., Dusini S., Dvorak M., Enqvist T., Enzmann H., Fabbri A., Fajt L., Fan D., Fan L., Fang C., Fang J., Fang W., Fargetta M., Fedoseev D., Fekete V., Feng L.-C., Feng Q., Ford R., Formozov A., Fournier A., Gan H., Gao F., Garfagnini A., Genster C., Giammarchi M., Giaz A., Giudice N., Gonchar M., Gong G., Gong H., Gornushkin Y., Gottel A., Grassi M., Grewing C., Gromov V., Gu M., Gu X., Gu Y., Guan M., Guardone N., Gul M., Guo C., Guo J., Guo W., Guo X., Guo Y., Hackspacher P., Hagner C., Han R., Han Y., Hassan M.S., He M., He W., Heinz T., Hellmuth P., Heng Y., Herrera R., Hong D., Hor Y.K., Hou S., Hsiung Y., Hu B.-Z., Hu H., Hu J., Hu S., Hu T., Hu Z., Huang C., Huang G., Huang H., Huang W., Huang X., Huang Y., Hui J., Huo L., Huo W., Huss C., Hussain S., Ioannisian A., Isocrate R., Jelmini B., Jen K.-L., Jeria I., Ji X., Jia H., Jia J., Jian S., Jiang D., Jiang X., Jin R., Jing X., Jollet C., Joutsenvaara J., Jungthawan S., Kalousis L., Kampmann P., Kang L., Karagounis M., Kazarian N., Khan W., Khosonthongkee K., Korablev D., Kouzakov K., Krasnoperov A., Kruth A., Kutovskiy N., Kuusiniemi P., Lachenmaier T., Landini C., Leblanc S., Lebrin V., Lefevre F., Lei R., Leitner R., Leung J., Li D., Li F., Li H., Li J., Li M., Li N., Li Q., Li R., Li S., Li T., Li W., Li X., Li Y., Li Z., Liang H., Liang J., Liao J., Liebau D., Limphirat A., Limpijumnong S., Lin G.-L., Lin S., Lin T., Ling J., Lippi I., Liu F., Liu H., Liu J., Liu M., Liu Q., Liu R., Liu S., Liu X., Liu Y., Lokhov A., Lombardi P., Lombardo C., Loo K., Lu C., Lu H., Lu J., Lu S., Lu X., Lubsandorzhiev B., Lubsandorzhiev S., Ludhova L., Luo F., Luo G., Luo P., Luo S., Luo W., Lyashuk V., Ma B., Ma Q., Ma S., Ma X., Maalmi J., Malyshkin Y., Mantovani F., Manzali F., Mao X., Mao Y., Mari S.M., Marini F., Marium S., Martellini C., Martin-Chassard G., Martini A., Mayilyan D., Mednieks I., Meng Y., Meregaglia A., Meroni E., Meyhofer D., Mezzetto M., Miller J., Miramonti L., Montini P., Montuschi M., Muller A., Muralidharan P., Nastasi M., Naumov D.V., Naumova E., Navas-Nicolas D., Nemchenok I., NguyenThi M.T., Ning F., Ning Z., Nunokawa H., Oberauer L., Ochoa-Ricoux J.P., Olshevskiy A., Orestano D., Ortica F., Othegraven R., Pan H.-R., Paoloni A., Parkalian N., Parmeggiano S., Pei Y., Pelliccia N., Peng A., Peng H., Perrot F., Petitjean P.-A., Petrucci F., Pilarczyk O., Rico L.F.P., Popov A., Poussot P., Pratumwan W., Previtali E., Qi F., Qi M., Qian S., Qian X., Qian Z., Qiao H., Qin Z., Qiu S., Rajput M.U., Ranucci G., Raper N., Re A., Rebber H., Rebii A., Ren B., Ren J., Ricci B., Robens M., Roche M., Rodphai N., Romani A., Roskovec B., Roth C., Ruan X., Rujirawat S., Rybnikov A., Sadovsky A., Saggese P., Sanfilippo S., Sangka A., Sanguansak N., Sawangwit U., Sawatzki J., Sawy F., Schever M., Schwab C., Schweizer K., Selyunin A., Serafini A., Settanta G., Settimo M., Shao Z., Sharov V., Shaydurova A., Shi J., Shi Y., Shutov V., Sidorenkov A., Simkovic F., Sirignano C., Siripak J., Sisti M., Slupecki M., Smirnov M., Smirnov O., Sogo-Bezerra T., Sokolov S., Songwadhana J., Soonthornthum B., Sotnikov A., Sramek O., Sreethawong W., Stahl A., Stanco L., Stankevich K., Stefanik D., Steiger H., Steinmann J., Sterr T., Stock M.R., Strati V., Studenikin A., Sun G., Sun S., Sun X., Sun Y., Suwonjandee N., Szelezniak M., Tang J., Tang Q., Tang X., Tietzsch A., Tkachev I., Tmej T., Treskov K., Triossi A., Troni G., Trzaska W., Tuve C., Ushakov N., van den Boom J., van Waasen S., Vanroyen G., Vassilopoulos N., Vedin V., Verde G., Vialkov M., Viaud B., Vollbrecht C., Volpe C., Vorobel V., Voronin D., Votano L., Walker P., Wang C., Wang C.-H., Wang E., Wang G., Wang J., Wang K., Wang L., Wang M., Wang R., Wang S., Wang W., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z., Waqas M., Watcharangkool A., Wei L., Wei W., Wei Y., Wen L., Wiebusch C., Wong S.C.-F., Wonsak B., Wu D., Wu F., Wu Q., Wu Z., Wurm M., Wurtz J., Wysotzki C., Xi Y., Xia D., Xie Y., Xie Z., Xing Z., Xu B., Xu C., Xu D., Xu F., Xu H., Xu J., Xu M., Xu Y., Yan B., Yan T., Yan W., Yan X., Yan Y., Yang A., Yang C., Yang H., Yang J., Yang L., Yang X., Yang Y., Yao H., Yasin Z., Ye J., Ye M., Ye Z., Yegin U., Yermia F., Yi P., Yin N., Yin X., You Z., Yu B., Yu C., Yu H., Yu M., Yu X., Yu Z., Yuan C., Yuan Y., Yuan Z., Yue B., Zafar N., Zambanini A., Zavadskyi V., Zeng S., Zeng T., Zeng Y., Zhan L., Zhang A., Zhang F., Zhang G., Zhang H., Zhang J., Zhang P., Zhang Q., Zhang S., Zhang T., Zhang X., Zhang Y., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zhao J., Zhao R., Zhao S., Zhao T., Zheng D., Zheng H., Zheng M., Zheng Y., Zhong W., Zhou J., Zhou L., Zhou N., Zhou S., Zhou T., Zhou X., Zhu J., Zhu K., Zhu Z., Zhuang B., Zhuang H., Zong L., and Zou J.
Subjects: Liquid scintillator, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, scintillation counter: liquid, measurement methods, QC770-798, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, thorium: nuclide, design [detector], neutrino, Radioactive purity, Physics, Low energy neutrino, JUNO, liquid [scintillation counter], biology, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 3. Good health, QB460-466, Physics::Space Physics, nuclide [uranium], FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, nuclide [thorium], NO, Nuclear physics, PE2_2, uranium: nuclide, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, JUNO, neutrino physics, liquid scintillator, Engineering (miscellaneous), background: radioactivity, detector: design, Measurement method, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, radioactivity [background], biology.organism_classification, sensitivity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Reactor neutrino, Osiris
Abstract: The European physical journal / C 81(11), 973 (2021). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09544-4, The OSIRIS detector is a subsystem of the liquid scintillator filling chain of the JUNO reactor neutrino experiment. Its purpose is to validate the radiopurity of the scintillator to assure that all components of the JUNO scintillator system work to specifications and only neutrino-grade scintillator is filled into the JUNO Central Detector. The aspired sensitivity level of $10^{��16}$ g/g of $^{238}$U and $^{232}$Th requires a large (��20 m$^3$) detection volume and ultralow background levels. The present paper reports on the design and major components of the OSIRIS detector, the detector simulation as well as the measuring strategies foreseen and the sensitivity levels to U/Th that can be reached in this setup., Published by Springer, Heidelberg
Published: 2021

26. JUNO Physics and Detector

Author: JUNO Collaboration, Abusleme, Angel, Adam, Thomas, Ahmad, Shakeel, Ahmed, Rizwan, Aiello, Sebastiano, Akram, Muhammad, An, Fengpeng, An, Guangpeng, An, Qi, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anfimov, Nikolay, Antonelli, Vito, Antoshkina, Tatiana, Asavapibhop, Burin, de André, João Pedro Athayde Marcondes, Auguste, Didier, Babic, Andrej, Baldini, Wander, Barresi, Andrea, Baussan, Eric, Bellato, Marco, Bergnoli, Antonio, Bernieri, Enrico, Birkenfeld, Thilo, Blin, Sylvie, Blum, David, Blyth, Simon, Bolshakova, Anastasia, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bordereau, Clément, Breton, Dominique, Brigatti, Augusto, Brugnera, Riccardo, Bruno, Riccardo, Budano, Antonio, Buscemi, Mario, Busto, Jose, Butorov, Ilya, Cabrera, Anatael, Cai, Hao, Cai, Xiao, Cai, Yanke, Cai, Zhiyan, Cammi, Antonio, Campeny, Agustin, Cao, Chuanya, Cao, Guofu, Cao, Jun, Caruso, Rossella, Cerna, Cédric, Chang, Jinfan, Chang, Yun, Chen, Pingping, Chen, Po-An, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Xurong, Chen, Yi-Wen, Chen, Yixue, Chen, Yu, Chen, Zhang, Cheng, Jie, Cheng, Yaping, Chetverikov, Alexey, Chiesa, Davide, Chimenti, Pietro, Chukanov, Artem, Claverie, Gérard, Clementi, Catia, Clerbaux, Barbara, Di Lorenzo, Selma Conforti, Corti, Daniele, Costa, Salvatore, Corso, Flavio Dal, Dalager, Olivia, De La Taille, Christophe, Deng, Jiawei, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Depnering, Wilfried, Diaz, Marco, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yayun, Dirgantara, Bayu, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Dohnal, Tadeas, Dolzhikov, Dmitry, Donchenko, Georgy, Dong, Jianmeng, Doroshkevich, Evgeny, Dracos, Marcos, Druillole, Frédéric, Du, Shuxian, Dusini, Stefano, Dvorak, Martin, Enqvist, Timo, Enzmann, Heike, Fabbri, Andrea, Fajt, Lukas, Fan, Donghua, Fan, Lei, Fang, Can, Fang, Jian, Fang, Wenxing, Fargetta, Marco, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Fekete, Vladko, Feng, Li-Cheng, Feng, Qichun, Ford, Richard, Formozov, Andrey, Fournier, Amélie, Gan, Haonan, Gao, Feng, Garfagnini, Alberto, Genster, Christoph, Giammarchi, Marco, Giaz, Agnese, Giudice, Nunzio, Gonchar, Maxim, Gong, Guanghua, Gong, Hui, Gorchakov, Oleg, Gornushkin, Yuri, Göttel, Alexandre, Grassi, Marco, Grewing, Christian, Gromov, Vasily, Gu, Minghao, Gu, Xiaofei, Gu, Yu, Guan, Mengyun, Guardone, Nunzio, Gul, Maria, Guo, Cong, Guo, Jingyuan, Guo, Wanlei, Guo, Xinheng, Guo, Yuhang, Hackspacher, Paul, Hagner, Caren, Han, Ran, Han, Yang, Hassan, Muhammad Sohaib, He, Miao, He, Wei, Heinz, Tobias, Hellmuth, Patrick, Heng, Yuekun, Herrera, Rafael, Hong, Daojin, Hor, YuenKeung, Hou, Shaojing, Hsiung, Yee, Hu, Bei-Zhen, Hu, Hang, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Jun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Tao, Hu, Zhuojun, Huang, Chunhao, Huang, Guihong, Huang, Hanxiong, Huang, Qinhua, Huang, Wenhao, Huang, Xin, Huang, Xingtao, Huang, Yongbo, Hui, Jiaqi, Huo, Lei, Huo, Wenju, Huss, Cédric, Hussain, Safeer, Insolia, Antonio, Ioannisian, Ara, Isocrate, Roberto, Jelmini, Beatrice, Jen, Kuo-Lun, Jeria, Ignacio, Ji, Xiaolu, Ji, Xingzhao, Jia, Huihui, Jia, Junji, Jian, Siyu, Jiang, Di, Jiang, Xiaoshan, Jin, Ruyi, Jing, Xiaoping, Jollet, Cécile, Joutsenvaara, Jari, Jungthawan, Sirichok, Kalousis, Leonidas, Kampmann, Philipp, Kang, Li, Karagounis, Michael, Kazarian, Narine, Khan, Waseem, Khosonthongkee, Khanchai, Korablev, Denis, Kouzakov, Konstantin, Krasnoperov, Alexey, Krumshteyn, Zinovy, Kruth, Andre, Kutovskiy, Nikolay, Kuusiniemi, Pasi, Lachenmaier, Tobias, Landini, Cecilia, Leblanc, Sébastien, Lebrin, Victor, Lefevre, Frederic, Lei, Ruiting, Leitner, Rupert, Leung, Jason, Li, Demin, Li, Fei, Li, Fule, Li, Haitao, Li, Huiling, Li, Jiaqi, Li, Mengzhao, Li, Min, Li, Nan, Li, Qingjiang, Li, Ruhui, Li, Shanfeng, Li, Tao, Li, Weidong, Li, Weiguo, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xiaonan, Li, Xinglong, Li, Yi, Li, Yufeng, Li, Zhaohan, Li, Zhibing, Li, Ziyuan, Liang, Hao, Liang, Jingjing, Liebau, Daniel, Limphirat, Ayut, Limpijumnong, Sukit, Lin, Guey-Lin, Lin, Shengxin, Lin, Tao, Ling, Jiajie, Lippi, Ivano, Liu, Fang, Liu, Haidong, Liu, Hongbang, Liu, Hongjuan, Liu, Hongtao, Liu, Hui, Liu, Jianglai, Liu, Jinchang, Liu, Min, Liu, Qian, Liu, Qin, Liu, Runxuan, Liu, Shuangyu, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Shulin, Liu, Xiaowei, Liu, Xiwen, Liu, Yan, Liu, Yunzhe, Lokhov, Alexey, Lombardi, Paolo, Lombardo, Claudio, Loo, Kai, Lu, Chuan, Lu, Haoqi, Lu, Jingbin, Lu, Junguang, Lu, Shuxiang, Lu, Xiaoxu, Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto, Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim, Ludhova, Livia, Luo, Fengjiao, Luo, Guang, Luo, Pengwei, Luo, Shu, Luo, Wuming, Lyashuk, Vladimir, Ma, Bangzheng, Ma, Qiumei, Ma, Si, Ma, Xiaoyan, Ma, Xubo, Maalmi, Jihane, Malyshkin, Yury, Mantovani, Fabio, Manzali, Francesco, Mao, Xin, Mao, Yajun, Mari, Stefano M., Marini, Filippo, Marium, Sadia, Martellini, Cristina, Martin-Chassard, Gisele, Martini, Agnese, Mayilyan, Davit, Mednieks, Ints, Meng, Yue, Meregaglia, Anselmo, Meroni, Emanuela, Meyhöfer, David, Mezzetto, Mauro, Miller, Jonathan, Miramonti, Lino, Monforte, Salvatore, Montini, Paolo, Montuschi, Michele, Müller, Axel, Muralidharan, Pavithra, Nastasi, Massimiliano, Naumov, Dmitry V., Naumova, Elena, Navas-Nicolas, Diana, Nemchenok, Igor, Thi, Minh Thuan Nguyen, Ning, Feipeng, Ning, Zhe, Nunokawa, Hiroshi, Oberauer, Lothar, Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Orestano, Domizia, Ortica, Fausto, Othegraven, Rainer, Pan, Hsiao-Ru, Paoloni, Alessandro, Parkalian, Nina, Parmeggiano, Sergio, Pei, Yatian, Pelliccia, Nicomede, Peng, Anguo, Peng, Haiping, Perrot, Frédéric, Petitjean, Pierre-Alexandre, Petrucci, Fabrizio, Pilarczyk, Oliver, Rico, Luis Felipe Piñeres, Popov, Artyom, Poussot, Pascal, Pratumwan, Wathan, Previtali, Ezio, Qi, Fazhi, Qi, Ming, Qian, Sen, Qian, Xiaohui, Qian, Zhen, Qiao, Hao, Qin, Zhonghua, Qiu, Shoukang, Rajput, Muhammad Usman, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Raper, Neill, Re, Alessandra, Rebber, Henning, Rebii, Abdel, Ren, Bin, Ren, Jie, Rezinko, Taras, Ricci, Barbara, Robens, Markus, Roche, Mathieu, Rodphai, Narongkiat, Romani, Aldo, Roskovec, Bedřich, Roth, Christian, Ruan, Xiangdong, Ruan, Xichao, Rujirawat, Saroj, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Sadovsky, Andrey, Saggese, Paolo, Salamanna, Giuseppe, Sanfilippo, Simone, Sangka, Anut, Sanguansak, Nuanwan, Sawangwit, Utane, Sawatzki, Julia, Sawy, Fatma, Schever, Michaela, Schuler, Jacky, Schwab, Cédric, Schweizer, Konstantin, Selyunin, Alexandr, Serafini, Andrea, Settanta, Giulio, Settimo, Mariangela, Shao, Zhuang, Sharov, Vladislav, Shaydurova, Arina, Shi, Jingyan, Shi, Yanan, Shutov, Vitaly, Sidorenkov, Andrey, Šimkovic, Fedor, Sirignano, Chiara, Siripak, Jaruchit, Sisti, Monica, Slupecki, Maciej, Smirnov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago, Sokolov, Sergey, Songwadhana, Julanan, Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar, Sotnikov, Albert, Šrámek, Ondřej, Sreethawong, Warintorn, Stahl, Achim, Stanco, Luca, Stankevich, Konstantin, Štefánik, Dušan, Steiger, Hans, Steinmann, Jochen, Sterr, Tobias, Stock, Matthias Raphael, Strati, Virginia, Studenikin, Alexander, Sun, Gongxing, Sun, Shifeng, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Yongjie, Sun, Yongzhao, Suwonjandee, Narumon, Szelezniak, Michal, Tang, Jian, Tang, Qiang, Tang, Quan, Tang, Xiao, Tietzsch, Alexander, Tkachev, Igor, Tmej, Tomas, Torri, Marco Danilo Claudio, Treskov, Konstantin, Triossi, Andrea, Troni, Giancarlo, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tuve, Cristina, Ushakov, Nikita, Boom, Johannes van den, van Waasen, Stefan, Vanroyen, Guillaume, Vassilopoulos, Nikolaos, Vedin, Vadim, Verde, Giuseppe, Vialkov, Maxim, Viaud, Benoit, Vollbrecht, Moritz, Volpe, Cristina, Vorobel, Vit, Voronin, Dmitriy, Votano, Lucia, Walker, Pablo, Wang, Caishen, Wang, Chung-Hsiang, Wang, En, Wang, Guoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Jun, Wang, Kunyu, Wang, Lu, Wang, Meifen, Wang, Meng, Wang, Ruiguang, Wang, Siguang, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wenshuai, Wang, Xi, Wang, Xiangyue, Wang, Yangfu, Wang, Yaoguang, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yuman, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zheng, Wang, Zhimin, Wang, Zongyi, Waqas, Muhammad, Watcharangkool, Apimook, Wei, Lianghong, Wei, Wei, Wei, Wenlu, Wei, Yadong, Wen, Liangjian, Wiebusch, Christopher, Wong, Steven Chan-Fai, Wonsak, Bjoern, Wu, Diru, Wu, Fangliang, Wu, Qun, Wu, Wenjie, Wu, Zhi, Wurm, Michael, Wurtz, Jacques, Wysotzki, Christian, Xi, Yufei, Xia, Dongmei, Xie, Yuguang, Xie, Zhangquan, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Benda, Xu, Cheng, Xu, Donglian, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Hangkun, Xu, Jilei, Xu, Jing, Xu, Meihang, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yu, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Taylor, Yan, Wenqi, Yan, Xiongbo, Yan, Yupeng, Yang, Anbo, Yang, Changgen, Yang, Huan, Yang, Jie, Yang, Lei, Yang, Xiaoyu, Yang, Yifan, Yao, Haifeng, Yasin, Zafar, Ye, Jiaxuan, Ye, Mei, Ye, Ziping, Yegin, Ugur, Yermia, Frédéric, Yi, Peihuai, Yin, Na, Yin, Xiangwei, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chiye, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Hongzhao, Yu, Miao, Yu, Xianghui, Yu, Zeyuan, Yu, zezhong, Yuan, Chengzhuo, Yuan, Ying, Yuan, Zhenxiong, Yuan, Ziyi, Yue, Baobiao, Zafar, Noman, Zambanini, Andre, Zavadskyi, Vitalii, Zeng, Shan, Zeng, Tingxuan, Zeng, Yuda, Zhan, Liang, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Feiyang, Zhang, Guoqing, Zhang, Haiqiong, Zhang, Honghao, Zhang, Jiawen, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jingbo, Zhang, Jinnan, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Qingmin, Zhang, Shiqi, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Tao, Zhang, Xiaomei, Zhang, Xuantong, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yinhong, Zhang, Yiyu, Zhang, Yongpeng, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhijian, Zhao, Fengyi, Zhao, Jie, Zhao, Rong, Zhao, Shujun, Zhao, Tianchi, Zheng, Dongqin, Zheng, Hua, Zheng, Minshan, Zheng, Yangheng, Zhong, Weirong, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Nan, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, tong, Zhou, Xiang, Zhu, Jiang, Zhu, Kangpu, Zhu, Kejun, Zhu, ZhiHang, Zhuang, Bo, Zhuang, Honglin, Zong, Liang, Zou, Jiaheng, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), JUNO, Abusleme, Angel, Adam, Thoma, Ahmad, Shakeel, Ahmed, Rizwan, Aiello, Sebastiano, Akram, Muhammad, An, Fengpeng, An, Guangpeng, An, Qi, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anfimov, Nikolay, Antonelli, Vito, Antoshkina, Tatiana, Asavapibhop, Burin, Pedro Athayde Marcondes de André, João, Auguste, Didier, Babic, Andrej, Baldini, Wander, Barresi, Andrea, Baussan, Eric, Bellato, Marco, Bergnoli, Antonio, Bernieri, Enrico, Birkenfeld, Thilo, Blin, Sylvie, Blum, David, Blyth, Simon, Bolshakova, Anastasia, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bordereau, Clément, Breton, Dominique, Brigatti, Augusto, Brugnera, Riccardo, Bruno, Riccardo, Budano, Antonio, Buscemi, Mario, Busto, Jose, Butorov, Ilya, Cabrera, Anatael, Cai, Hao, Cai, Xiao, Cai, Yanke, Cai, Zhiyan, Cammi, Antonio, Campeny, Agustin, Cao, Chuanya, Cao, Guofu, Cao, Jun, Caruso, Rossella, Cerna, Cédric, Chang, Jinfan, Chang, Yun, Chen, Pingping, Chen, Po-An, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Xurong, Chen, Yi-Wen, Chen, Yixue, Chen, Yu, Chen, Zhang, Cheng, Jie, Cheng, Yaping, Chetverikov, Alexey, Chiesa, Davide, Chimenti, Pietro, Chukanov, Artem, Claverie, Gérard, Clementi, Catia, Clerbaux, Barbara, Conforti Di Lorenzo, Selma, Corti, Daniele, Costa, Salvatore, Dal Corso, Flavio, Dalager, Olivia, De La Taille, Christophe, Deng, Jiawei, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Depnering, Wilfried, Diaz, Marco, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yayun, Dirgantara, Bayu, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Dohnal, Tadea, Dolzhikov, Dmitry, Donchenko, Georgy, Dong, Jianmeng, Doroshkevich, Evgeny, Dracos, Marco, Druillole, Frédéric, Du, Shuxian, Dusini, Stefano, Dvorak, Martin, Enqvist, Timo, Enzmann, Heike, Fabbri, Andrea, Fajt, Luka, Fan, Donghua, Fan, Lei, Fang, Can, Fang, Jian, Fang, Wenxing, Fargetta, Marco, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Fekete, Vladko, Feng, Li-Cheng, Feng, Qichun, Ford, Richard, Formozov, Andrey, Fournier, Amélie, Gan, Haonan, Gao, Feng, Garfagnini, Alberto, Genster, Christoph, Giammarchi, Marco, Giaz, Agnese, Giudice, Nunzio, Gonchar, Maxim, Gong, Guanghua, Gong, Hui, Gorchakov, Oleg, Gornushkin, Yuri, Göttel, Alexandre, Grassi, Marco, Grewing, Christian, Gromov, Vasily, Gu, Minghao, Gu, Xiaofei, Gu, Yu, Guan, Mengyun, Guardone, Nunzio, Gul, Maria, Guo, Cong, Guo, Jingyuan, Guo, Wanlei, Guo, Xinheng, Guo, Yuhang, Hackspacher, Paul, Hagner, Caren, Han, Ran, Han, Yang, Sohaib Hassan, Muhammad, He, Miao, He, Wei, Heinz, Tobia, Hellmuth, Patrick, Heng, Yuekun, Herrera, Rafael, Hong, Daojin, Hor, Yuenkeung, Hou, Shaojing, Hsiung, Yee, Hu, Bei-Zhen, Hu, Hang, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Jun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Tao, Hu, Zhuojun, Huang, Chunhao, Huang, Guihong, Huang, Hanxiong, Huang, Qinhua, Huang, Wenhao, Huang, Xin, Huang, Xingtao, Huang, Yongbo, Hui, Jiaqi, Huo, Lei, Huo, Wenju, Huss, Cédric, Hussain, Safeer, Insolia, Antonio, Ioannisian, Ara, Isocrate, Roberto, Jelmini, Beatrice, Jen, Kuo-Lun, Jeria, Ignacio, Ji, Xiaolu, Ji, Xingzhao, Jia, Huihui, Jia, Junji, Jian, Siyu, Jiang, Di, Jiang, Xiaoshan, Jin, Ruyi, Jing, Xiaoping, Jollet, Cécile, Joutsenvaara, Jari, Jungthawan, Sirichok, Kalousis, Leonida, Kampmann, Philipp, Kang, Li, Karagounis, Michael, Kazarian, Narine, Khan, Waseem, Khosonthongkee, Khanchai, Korablev, Deni, Kouzakov, Konstantin, Krasnoperov, Alexey, Krumshteyn, Zinovy, Kruth, Andre, Kutovskiy, Nikolay, Kuusiniemi, Pasi, Lachenmaier, Tobia, Landini, Cecilia, Leblanc, Sébastien, Lebrin, Victor, Lefevre, Frederic, Lei, Ruiting, Leitner, Rupert, Leung, Jason, Li, Demin, Li, Fei, Li, Fule, Li, Haitao, Li, Huiling, Li, Jiaqi, Li, Mengzhao, Li, Min, Li, Nan, Li, Qingjiang, Li, Ruhui, Li, Shanfeng, Li, Tao, Li, Weidong, Li, Weiguo, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xiaonan, Li, Xinglong, Li, Yi, Li, Yufeng, Li, Zhaohan, Li, Zhibing, Li, Ziyuan, Liang, Hao, Liang, Jingjing, Liebau, Daniel, Limphirat, Ayut, Limpijumnong, Sukit, Lin, Guey-Lin, Lin, Shengxin, Lin, Tao, Ling, Jiajie, Lippi, Ivano, Liu, Fang, Liu, Haidong, Liu, Hongbang, Liu, Hongjuan, Liu, Hongtao, Liu, Hui, Liu, Jianglai, Liu, Jinchang, Liu, Min, Liu, Qian, Liu, Qin, Liu, Runxuan, Liu, Shuangyu, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Shulin, Liu, Xiaowei, Liu, Xiwen, Liu, Yan, Liu, Yunzhe, Lokhov, Alexey, Lombardi, Paolo, Lombardo, Claudio, Loo, Kai, Lu, Chuan, Lu, Haoqi, Lu, Jingbin, Lu, Junguang, Lu, Shuxiang, Lu, Xiaoxu, Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto, Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim, Ludhova, Livia, Luo, Fengjiao, Luo, Guang, Luo, Pengwei, Luo, Shu, Luo, Wuming, Lyashuk, Vladimir, Ma, Bangzheng, Ma, Qiumei, Ma, Si, Ma, Xiaoyan, Ma, Xubo, Maalmi, Jihane, Malyshkin, Yury, Mantovani, Fabio, Manzali, Francesco, Mao, Xin, Mao, Yajun, Mari, Stefano M., Marini, Filippo, Marium, Sadia, Martellini, Cristina, Martin-Chassard, Gisele, Martini, Agnese, Mayilyan, Davit, Mednieks, Int, Meng, Yue, Meregaglia, Anselmo, Meroni, Emanuela, Meyhöfer, David, Mezzetto, Mauro, Miller, Jonathan, Miramonti, Lino, Monforte, Salvatore, Montini, Paolo, Montuschi, Michele, Müller, Axel, Muralidharan, Pavithra, Nastasi, Massimiliano, Naumov, Dmitry V., Naumova, Elena, Navas-Nicolas, Diana, Nemchenok, Igor, Thuan Nguyen Thi, Minh, Ning, Feipeng, Ning, Zhe, Nunokawa, Hiroshi, Oberauer, Lothar, Pedro Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Orestano, Domizia, Ortica, Fausto, Othegraven, Rainer, Pan, Hsiao-Ru, Paoloni, Alessandro, Parkalian, Nina, Parmeggiano, Sergio, Pei, Yatian, Pelliccia, Nicomede, Peng, Anguo, Peng, Haiping, Perrot, Frédéric, Petitjean, Pierre-Alexandre, Petrucci, Fabrizio, Pilarczyk, Oliver, Felipe Piñeres Rico, Lui, Popov, Artyom, Poussot, Pascal, Pratumwan, Wathan, Previtali, Ezio, Qi, Fazhi, Qi, Ming, Qian, Sen, Qian, Xiaohui, Qian, Zhen, Qiao, Hao, Qin, Zhonghua, Qiu, Shoukang, Usman Rajput, Muhammad, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Raper, Neill, Re, Alessandra, Rebber, Henning, Rebii, Abdel, Ren, Bin, Ren, Jie, Rezinko, Tara, Ricci, Barbara, Robens, Marku, Roche, Mathieu, Rodphai, Narongkiat, Romani, Aldo, Roskovec, Bedřich, Roth, Christian, Ruan, Xiangdong, Ruan, Xichao, Rujirawat, Saroj, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Sadovsky, Andrey, Saggese, Paolo, Salamanna, Giuseppe, Sanfilippo, Simone, Sangka, Anut, Sanguansak, Nuanwan, Sawangwit, Utane, Sawatzki, Julia, Sawy, Fatma, Schever, Michaela, Schuler, Jacky, Schwab, Cédric, Schweizer, Konstantin, Selyunin, Alexandr, Serafini, Andrea, Settanta, Giulio, Settimo, Mariangela, Shao, Zhuang, Sharov, Vladislav, Shaydurova, Arina, Shi, Jingyan, Shi, Yanan, Shutov, Vitaly, Sidorenkov, Andrey, Šimkovic, Fedor, Sirignano, Chiara, Siripak, Jaruchit, Sisti, Monica, Slupecki, Maciej, Smirnov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago, Sokolov, Sergey, Songwadhana, Julanan, Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar, Sotnikov, Albert, Šrámek, Ondřej, Sreethawong, Warintorn, Stahl, Achim, Stanco, Luca, Stankevich, Konstantin, Štefánik, Dušan, Steiger, Han, Steinmann, Jochen, Sterr, Tobia, Raphael Stock, Matthia, Strati, Virginia, Studenikin, Alexander, Sun, Gongxing, Sun, Shifeng, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Yongjie, Sun, Yongzhao, Suwonjandee, Narumon, Szelezniak, Michal, Tang, Jian, Tang, Qiang, Tang, Quan, Tang, Xiao, Tietzsch, Alexander, Tkachev, Igor, Tmej, Toma, Danilo Claudio Torri, Marco, Treskov, Konstantin, Triossi, Andrea, Troni, Giancarlo, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tuve, Cristina, Ushakov, Nikita, van den Boom, Johanne, van Waasen, Stefan, Vanroyen, Guillaume, Vassilopoulos, Nikolao, Vedin, Vadim, Verde, Giuseppe, Vialkov, Maxim, Viaud, Benoit, Vollbrecht, Moritz, Volpe, Cristina, Vorobel, Vit, Voronin, Dmitriy, Votano, Lucia, Walker, Pablo, Wang, Caishen, Wang, Chung-Hsiang, Wang, En, Wang, Guoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Jun, Wang, Kunyu, Wang, Lu, Wang, Meifen, Wang, Meng, Wang, Ruiguang, Wang, Siguang, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wenshuai, Wang, Xi, Wang, Xiangyue, Wang, Yangfu, Wang, Yaoguang, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yuman, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zheng, Wang, Zhimin, Wang, Zongyi, Waqas, Muhammad, Watcharangkool, Apimook, Wei, Lianghong, Wei, Wei, Wei, Wenlu, Wei, Yadong, Wen, Liangjian, Wiebusch, Christopher, Chan-Fai Wong, Steven, Wonsak, Bjoern, Wu, Diru, Wu, Fangliang, Wu, Qun, Wu, Wenjie, Wu, Zhi, Wurm, Michael, Wurtz, Jacque, Wysotzki, Christian, Xi, Yufei, Xia, Dongmei, Xie, Yuguang, Xie, Zhangquan, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Benda, Xu, Cheng, Xu, Donglian, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Hangkun, Xu, Jilei, Xu, Jing, Xu, Meihang, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yu, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Taylor, Yan, Wenqi, Yan, Xiongbo, Yan, Yupeng, Yang, Anbo, Yang, Changgen, Yang, Huan, Yang, Jie, Yang, Lei, Yang, Xiaoyu, Yang, Yifan, Yao, Haifeng, Yasin, Zafar, Ye, Jiaxuan, Ye, Mei, Ye, Ziping, Yegin, Ugur, Yermia, Frédéric, Yi, Peihuai, Yin, Na, Yin, Xiangwei, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chiye, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Hongzhao, Yu, Miao, Yu, Xianghui, Yu, Zeyuan, Yu, Zezhong, Yuan, Chengzhuo, Yuan, Ying, Yuan, Zhenxiong, Yuan, Ziyi, Yue, Baobiao, Zafar, Noman, Zambanini, Andre, Zavadskyi, Vitalii, Zeng, Shan, Zeng, Tingxuan, Zeng, Yuda, Zhan, Liang, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Feiyang, Zhang, Guoqing, Zhang, Haiqiong, Zhang, Honghao, Zhang, Jiawen, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jingbo, Zhang, Jinnan, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Qingmin, Zhang, Shiqi, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Tao, Zhang, Xiaomei, Zhang, Xuantong, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yinhong, Zhang, Yiyu, Zhang, Yongpeng, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhijian, Zhao, Fengyi, Zhao, Jie, Zhao, Rong, Zhao, Shujun, Zhao, Tianchi, Zheng, Dongqin, Zheng, Hua, Zheng, Minshan, Zheng, Yangheng, Zhong, Weirong, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Nan, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Tong, Zhou, Xiang, Zhu, Jiang, Zhu, Kangpu, Zhu, Kejun, Zhu, Zhihang, Zhuang, Bo, Zhuang, Honglin, Zong, Liang, Zou, Jiaheng, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: neutrino p: elastic scattering, neutrino: solar, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, particle identification: efficiency, scintillation counter: liquid, energy resolution, 01 natural sciences, photon: particle identification, JUNO, neutrino detector, neutrino physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], neutrino: supernova, neutrino: mass, p: lifetime: lower limit, membrane, photomultiplier, electronics, radon, neutrino electron: elastic scattering, observatory, neutrino: detector, neutrino: geophysics, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, performance, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, water, neutrino: mass difference, review, FOS: Physical sciences, fabrication, NO, PE2_2, near detector, 0103 physical sciences, calorimeter, antineutrino: nuclear reactor, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, activity report, detector: design, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, +antineutrino+K%2B%22">p --> antineutrino K+, neutrino: mixing angle, deep underground detector, attenuation: length, efficiency, High Energy Physics::Experiment, neutrino: oscillation, experimental results
Abstract: The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kton LS detector at 700-m underground. An excellent energy resolution and a large fiducial volume offer exciting opportunities for addressing many important topics in neutrino and astro-particle physics. With 6 years of data, the neutrino mass ordering can be determined at 3-4 sigma and three oscillation parameters can be measured to a precision of 0.6% or better by detecting reactor antineutrinos. With 10 years of data, DSNB could be observed at 3-sigma; a lower limit of the proton lifetime of 8.34e33 years (90% C.L.) can be set by searching for p->nu_bar K^+; detection of solar neutrinos would shed new light on the solar metallicity problem and examine the vacuum-matter transition region. A core-collapse supernova at 10 kpc would lead to ~5000 IBD and ~2000 (300) all-flavor neutrino-proton (electron) scattering events. Geo-neutrinos can be detected with a rate of ~400 events/year. We also summarize the final design of the JUNO detector and the key R&D achievements. All 20-inch PMTs have been tested. The average photon detection efficiency is 28.9% for the 15,000 MCP PMTs and 28.1% for the 5,000 dynode PMTs, higher than the JUNO requirement of 27%. Together with the >20 m attenuation length of LS, we expect a yield of 1345 p.e. per MeV and an effective energy resolution of 3.02%/\sqrt{E (MeV)}$ in simulations. The underwater electronics is designed to have a loss rate, A review paper with 78 pages and 32 figures. v2: minor revision. Final version to appear in Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
Published: 2021

27. Interfacial Microstructure and Bonding Properties of Plasma-Sprayed Multilayer Ceramic Coating (Al2O3/BaTiO3/Al2O3-40 wt.% TiO2)

Author: Tang Ling, Hai-dou Wang, He Pengfei, Guo Weiling, Qing-bo Mi, Xian-yong Zhu, He-fa Zhu, Zhou Li, Zhi-guo Xing, and Yanfei Huang
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Diffusion, 02 engineering and technology, Adhesion, engineering.material, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Ceramic coating, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, Coating, Transmission electron microscopy, visual_art, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, Ceramic, Composite material
Abstract: In multilayer coatings, the bonding mechanisms between the different layers determine the cohesive strength of the coatings, which in turn to a large extent controls the mechanical properties of coatings under different loading conditions. In this study, the interfacial bonding state and adhesive strength of a plasma-sprayed single-layer coating (Al2O3), a double-layer coating (Al2O3/BaTiO3), and a three-layer coating (Al2O3/BaTiO3/Al2O3-40 wt.% TiO2) were investigated, as well as their phase composition and microstructure. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that the microstructure of the three ceramic coatings was relatively dense with a good interface bonding state. However, micro-cracks were observed in the smooth region of the double-layer coating interface, while pores were observed at the BaTiO3/Al2O3-40 wt.% TiO2 interface in the three-layer coating. Transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that element diffusion occurred at the interface. The diffusion depth at the Al2O3/BaTiO3 and BaTiO3/Al2O3-40 wt.% TiO2 interfaces reached 12 nm and 10 nm, respectively. Therefore, both mechanical interlocking (the dominant mechanism) and limited chemical diffusion contributed to interface adhesion in the multilayer coatings. The adhesion strengths of the double-layer, single-layer, and three-layer coatings were 40.1, 21.8, and 15.3 MPa, respectively. The latter exhibited the lowest adhesion strength mainly because of the relatively weak Al2O3/BaTiO3 interface.
Published: 2020

28. High-Throughput and Self-Powered Electroporation System for Drug Delivery Assisted by Microfoam Electrode

Author: Linlin Li, Zhirong Liu, Mengqi Wu, Zhong Lin Wang, Zhou Li, Tao Jiang, Deli Xiang, Zhuo Wang, Yuanyuan Cheng, Huanhuan Liu, and Xi Liang
Subjects: Materials science, Polymers, General Physics and Astronomy, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Gene delivery, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, medicine, Pyrroles, General Materials Science, Electrodes, Cell damage, Triboelectric effect, Electroporation, General Engineering, Nanogenerator, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, medicine.disease, 0104 chemical sciences, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Drug delivery, Electrode, 0210 nano-technology, Voltage
Abstract: Electroporation is an effective approach for drug and gene delivery, but it is still limited by its low-throughput and severe cell damage. Herein, with a self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator as the power source, we demonstrated a high-throughput electroporation system based on the design of biocompatible and flexible polypyrrole microfoam as the electrode within the flow channel. In particular, to lower the imposed voltage, one-dimensional (1D) Ag nanowires were modified on the microfoam electrode to build up a locally enhanced electric field and reduce cell damage. The self-powered electroporation system realized a successful delivery of small and large biomolecules into different cell lines with efficiency up to 86% and cell viability over 88%. The handle throughput achieved as high as 105 cells min-1 on continuously flowed cells. The high-throughput and self-powered electroporation system is expected to have potential applications in the fields of high-throughput drug and gene delivery for in vitro isolated cells.
Published: 2020

29. Metabolic regulation of polyamines and γ‐aminobutyric acid in relation to spermidine‐induced heat tolerance in white clover

Author: L. Luo, Cheng Bizhen, Xinquan Zhang, Zeng Weihang, Gang Nie, Zhou Li, Yan Peng, and Mingyan Tang
Subjects: Thermotolerance, 0106 biological sciences, Antioxidant, Spermidine, medicine.medical_treatment, Spermine, Plant Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Heat shock protein, mental disorders, Medicago, Polyamines, medicine, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, food and beverages, General Medicine, Metabolism, Hsp70, Oxidative Stress, chemistry, Biochemistry, Putrescine, Polyamine, Heat-Shock Response, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Heat stress decreases crop growth and yield worldwide. Spermidine (Spd) is a small aliphatic amine and acts as a ubiquitous regulator for plant growth, development and stress tolerance. Objectives of this study were to determine effects of exogenous Spd on changes in endogenous polyamine (PA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism, oxidative damage, senescence and heat shock protein (HSP) expression in white clover subjected to heat stress. Physiological and molecular methods, including colorimetric assay, high performance liquid chromatography and qRT-PCR, were applied. Results showed that exogenous Spd significantly alleviated heat-induced stress damage. Application of Spd not only increased endogenous putrescine, Spd, spermine and total PA accumulation, but also accelerated PA oxidation and improved glutamic acid decarboxylase activity, leading to GABA accumulation in leaves under heat stress. The Spd-pretreated white clover maintained a significantly higher chlorophyll (Chl) content than untreated plants under heat stress, which could be related to the roles of Spd in up-regulating genes encoding Chl synthesis (PBGD and Mg-CHT) and maintaining reduced Chl degradation (PaO and CHLASE) during heat stress. In addition, Spd up-regulated HSP70, HSP70B and HSP70-5 expression, which might function in stabilizing denatured proteins and helping proteins to folding correctly in white clover under high temperature stress. In summary, exogenous Spd treatment improves the heat tolerance of white clover by altering endogenous PA and GABA content and metabolism, enhancing the antioxidant system and HSP expression and slowing leaf senescence related to an increase in Chl biosynthesis and a decrease in Chl degradation during heat stress.
Published: 2020

30. Superior NO2 Sensing of MOF-Derived Indium-Doped ZnO Porous Hollow Cages

Author: Yong Jiang, Jianxin Yi, Hong Zhang, Zhou Li, and Yong Zhang
Subjects: Detection limit, Materials science, business.industry, Doping, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Trace gas, Highly sensitive, Adsorption, Semiconductor, chemistry, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, business, Porosity, Indium
Abstract: Introduction Highly sensitive semiconductor gas sensors hold great potential for applications in trace gas detection. Reliable detection of ppb-level NO2 is crucial for environmental monitoring, which however still remains a challenge. In this work, we adopted a one-pot encapsulation strategy for synthesizing indium-doped ZnO porous hollow cages. In(acac)3 was selected as the indium source due to its molecular diameter between the cavity size (11.6 Å) and the aperture size (3.4 Å) of ZIF-8. During the crystallization progress of ZIF-8, it was in situ trapped in the cavities and In(acac)3@ZIF-8 composites were formed (Scheme a, b). During calcination, metal ion species, composed of In(acac)3@ZIF-8, were oxidized, leading to the formation of In-doped ZnO porous hollow cages (Scheme c, d). In this case, ZIF-8 served as the host backbone for the uniform distribution of the indium source as well as the production of porous hollow structure. In doping led to significantly enhanced NO2-sensing performance, achieving a response of 3.7 to 10 ppb of NO2, a high sensitivity of 187.9 ppm-1, and a limit of detection as low as 0.2 ppb. The mechanism of enhanced NO2-sensing properties was discussed in the terms of the intrinsic excellent gas accessibility of porous hollow structure and electronic sensitization by In doping. Our findings could be extended to design other porous doped ZnO oxides for high performance gas sensors and other applications. Method In(acac)3@ZIF-8 composites were synthesized by a one-pot encapsulation method. route. Briefly, 810 mg of Zinc nitrate hexahydrate and corresponding amounts of Indium(III) acetylacetonate were dissolved into 40 mL methanol to form precursor solutions. 40 mL of methanol solutions containing 721.6 mg of 2-methylimidazole were added into above solutions under stirring. The resulting solutions were stirred for 20 min and aged for 24 h at room temperature. After precipitation, obtained ZIF-8 derivatives were washed with methanol via centrifugation. The precipitates were further dried at 60 °C for 24 h and calcined at 500 °C for 2 h to obtain pristine and In-doped ZnO powders. The obtained samples are hereafter denoted as In/ZnO-X, where X represents the nominal In/Zn atomic ratio (multiplied by 100) used during the synthesis, e.g., In/ZnO-0 for un-doped ZnO, In/ZnO-2 for In/Zn of 2.0 at.%, In/ZnO-10 for In/Zn of 10.0 at.%. Results and Conclusions Figure 1a depicts dynamic electrical resistance changes of pristine and In-doped ZnO sensors in the presence of NO2 from 0.2 to 10 ppm at 300 °C. The sensors showed typical n-type semiconductor response behavior, the increase of electrical resistance in the presence of NO2. In addition, the electrical resistance increased with the increase of NO2 concentration for all the sensors, and at each concentration the increment of electrical resistance for In/ ZnO-10 was always much higher than that for other sensors. Further investigations on the performance of In/ZnO-10 in the NO2 concentration below 0.2 ppm were conducted. Figure 1b shows the dynamic response and recovery curves for the In/ZnO-10 sensor, which were measured by alternately exposing the sensor to ambient air and air/NO2 mixture at 300°C. The In/ZnO-10 sensor was effective for the detection of NO2 at 10, 25, 50, and 100 ppb, and a high response of 3.7 to 10 ppb of NO2 gas was obtained. And the calculated limit of detection was as low as 0.2 ppb, 2 orders of magnitude lower than that (23.4 ppb) of pristine ZnO. Therefore, the In/ZnO-10 sensor could be suitable for the detection of ppb-level NO2 put forward by the WHO for monitoring environmental pollution. Figure 1c exhibits the response of pristine and In-doped ZnO sensors as a function of NO2 concentration in the range below 1 ppm at 300 °C. The response value increased linearly with the increasing NO2 concentration, and the slope (i.e., sensitivity) also became larger with increasing In content. A large sensitivity of 187.9 ppm-1 was obtained for the In/ ZnO-10 sensor, 117.4, 9.5, and 9.1 times larger than that for pristine ZnO (1.6 ppm-1), In/ZnO-2 (19.8 ppm-1) and In/ZnO-6 (20.7 ppm-1), respectively. The wide linear dependence and high sensitivity of the In/ZnO-10 sensor are favorable for calibration and determination of the NO2 concentration in practical applications. Further tests at higher concentrations above 1 ppm showed the slope decreased with the increasing NO2 concentration, indicating the sensors were near saturation (Figure 1d). Nevertheless, the In/ZnO-10 sensor still possessed the highest response value and sensitivity among the sensors in the high-concentration range. References [1] Rajesh Kumar, O. Al-Dossary, Girish Kumar, Ahmad Umar, Zinc Oxide Nanostructures for NO2 Gas-Sensor Applications: A Review, Nano-Micro Lett. 7 (2015) 97-120. DOI: 10.1007/s40820-014-0023-3. [2] Lee, Jong-Heun, Gas Sensors using Hierarchical and Hollow Oxide Nanostructures: Overview. Sens. Actuators, B 140 (2009) 319-336. DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2009.04.026. Figure 1
Published: 2020

31. MmNet: Identifying Mikania micrantha Kunth in the wild via a deep Convolutional Neural Network

Author: Guang-yuan Su, Wanqiang Qian, Fang-hao Wan, Yan-zhou Li, Shuo Zhang, Hong-kun Tian, Long Yang, Zhong-yu Sun, and Xi Qiao
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mikania micrantha Kunth, Computer science, Agriculture (General), Normalization (image processing), Plant Science, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Time cost, Convolutional neural network, S1-972, Food Animals, Mikania micrantha, Ecology, biology, Warning system, business.industry, deep learning, Micrantha, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, image processing, Identification (information), invasive alien plant, Satellite remote sensing, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Animal Science and Zoology, Artificial intelligence, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, computer, 010606 plant biology & botany, Food Science
Abstract: Mikania micrantha Kunth is an invasive alien weed and known as a plant killer around the world. Accurately and rapidly identifying M. micrantha in the wild is important for monitoring its growth status, as this helps management officials to take the necessary steps to devise a comprehensive strategy to control the invasive weed in the identified area. However, this approach still mainly depends on satellite remote sensing and manual inspection. The cost is high and the accuracy rate and efficiency are low. We acquired color images of the monitoring area in the wild environment using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and proposed a novel network —MmNet— based on a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to identify M. micrantha in the images. The network consists of AlexNet Local Response Normalization (LRN), along with the GoogLeNet and continuous convolution of VGG inception models. After training and testing, the identification of 400 testing samples by MmNet is very good, with accuracy of 94.50% and time cost of 10.369 s. Moreover, in quantitative comparative analysis, the proposed MmNet not only has high accuracy and efficiency but also simple construction and outstanding repeatability. Compared with recently popular CNNs, MmNet is more suitable for the identification of M. micrantha in the wild. However, to meet the challenge of wild environments, more M. micrantha images need to be acquired for MmNet training. In addition, the classification labels need to be sorted in more detail. Altogether, this research provides some theoretical and scientific basis for the development of intelligent monitoring and early warning systems for M. micrantha and other invasive species.
Published: 2020

32. Steaming Changes the Composition of Saponins of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen That Function in Treatment of Hyperlipidemia and Obesity

Author: Hui-Min Zhou, Wenyong Xiong, Hai-Zhou Li, Qian Wang, Rong-Fang Mu, Li-Bin Wang, Xing Liu, Wan-Ying Qin, Chong-Ren Yang, and Yuhui Xu
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Adenosine monophosphate, biology, 010401 analytical chemistry, AMPK, General Chemistry, White adipose tissue, Pharmacology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fatty acid synthase, chemistry, Adipogenesis, Hyperlipidemia, biology.protein, medicine, Panax notoginseng, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Protein kinase A, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Saponins of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen have been classified as a type of composition in functional foods for numerous diseases. However, its mild effects and other characteristics limited clinical applications in diseases. Inspired by "nine steaming and nine processing" of P. notoginseng in traditional Chinese medicine, we developed a "steaming"-mimic protocol, which significantly changed the composition of saponins of P. notoginseng from the original, R1, Rg1, Re, Rb1, and Rd (raw-PNS), to the products after steaming, 20S/R-Rh1, Rk3, Rh4, 20S/R-Rg3, Rk1, and Rg5 (N-PNS). Surprisingly, N-PNS demonstrated promising activities in improving hyperlipidemia and reducing body weight and weight of white adipose tissue and the inhibition of adipogenesis in obese mice. In accordance with the results in vivo, N-PNS remarkably blunted adipogenesis at the early stage of differentiation dose-dependently in vitro. Moreover, we demonstrated that the activity may involve the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway by promoting phosphorylation of AMPKT172 and downregulating its downstream factors: sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, and fatty acid synthase. Taken together, the steaming-induced eight compositions of saponins showed a very promising function in improving hyperlipidemia and obesity both in vivo and in vitro, providing fundamental evidence for future study and application in treatment of hyperlipidemia, obesity, and other lipid-related metabolic syndromes.
Published: 2020

33. Organic heterostructures composed of one- and two-dimensional polymorphs for photonic applications

Author: Yi-Chen Tao, Zhi-Zhou Li, Ming-Peng Zhuo, Liang-Sheng Liao, Xue-Dong Wang, Sheng-Nan Zou, Yue Yu, and Chang-Cun Yan
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, business.industry, Heterojunction, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Organic compound, 0104 chemical sciences, Lattice mismatch, chemistry, Nanocrystal, Polymorphism (materials science), Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Crystal plane
Abstract: Organic heterostructures (OHSs) consist of organic micro/nanocrystals are of essential importance for the construction of integrated optoelectronics in the future. However, the scarcity of materials and the problem of phase separation still hinder the fine synthesis of OHSs. Herein, based on the α phase one-dimensional (1D) microrods and the β phase 2D microplates of one organic compound 3,3′-((1 E ,1′ E )-anthracene-9,10-diylbis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dibenzonitril ( m -B2BCB), we facilely synthesized the OHSs composed of these two polymorph phases, whose growth mechanism is attributed to the low lattice mismatch rate of 5.8% between (001) plane of α phase (trunk) and (010) crystal plane of β phase (branch). Significantly, the multiport in/output channels can be achieved in the OHSs, which demonstrates the structure-dependent optical signals with the different output channels in the OHSs. Therefore, our experiment exhibits the great prospect of polymorphism in OHSs, which could provide further applications on multifunctional organic integrated photonics circuits.
Published: 2020

34. Mechanical property and corrosion behavior of aged Cu-20Ni-20Mn alloy with ultra-high strength

Author: Zhou Li, Tang Shuaikang, Shen Gong, and Zhu Xiao
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Mechanical property, Materials science, Product layer, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, General Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Corrosion, 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, engineering, Elongation, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Polarization (electrochemistry), Corrosion behavior
Abstract: The ultra-high strength Cu-20Ni-20Mn alloy was prepared by vacuum melting and its mechanical property and corrosion behavior were investigated. After thermomechanical treatment, the alloy exhibited an ultra-high tensile strength of 1204 MPa and the applicable elongation of up to 6.2%. With the increasing exposure time in 3.5% NaCl solution, the corrosion current of the alloy decreased, while the polarization resistance and the charge-transfer resistance of the corrosion surface increased. The corrosion products formed on the surface of the alloy exposed for 1 d, and further corrosion made the corrosion product layer much dense, increasing the corrosion resistance and protecting the alloy from further corrosion.
Published: 2020

35. Numerical investigation of the blockage effect caused by rim seal flow

Author: Zhou Li, Wang Zhan-xue, and Yang Fan
Subjects: 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Flow (psychology), Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 01 natural sciences, Seal (mechanical), Turbine, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Inclination angle, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Geology
Abstract: Blockage effect caused by the rim seal flow is one of the most important sources of loss in the interaction between the turbine rim seal flow and mainstream and has not been investigated in detail. To research the blockage effect, numerical simulations were presented for different rim seal flow rates. The pressure distribution was investigated and losses resulting from the blockage effect were analyzed. In addition, the influences of swirl ratio, inclination angle, and width were revealed. Results show that the blockage effect originates from the pushing and compression of egress flow to the mainstream and results in local pressure increase. The egress flow mainly blocks the mainstream downstream of the stator suction side and above the egress flow. Furthermore, the blockage effect strengthens with the increase of rim seal flow rate and weakens with the increase of swirl ratio. The effect of inclination angle and width on the blockage effect could be neglected. With the increase of rim seal flow rate, the blockage on the stator suction side causes the secondary losses to be reduced and the increasing expansion in the rotor passage leads to more losses at the tip and surface. A loss isolation method that defines the space region of loss in the rotor domain is established and proven to be effective. On an average, relative to the design condition, the overall loss introduced by the blockage effect increases by about 89.44% per 1% increase in the rim seal flow rate.
Published: 2020

36. Microstructure and mechanical properties of a CuNiTi alloy with a large product of strength and elongation

Author: Xiaofei Sheng, Shengyao Li, Runkun Shi, Ping Zhang, Yunping Li, Jialun Zhu, Junlin She, Zhou Li, Qian Lei, Jian Zhang, and Hui Tan
Subjects: lcsh:TN1-997, Materials science, Alloy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Biomaterials, 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, Composite material, lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy, 010302 applied physics, Precipitation (chemistry), Metals and Alloys, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, Casting, Copper, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, Elongation, 0210 nano-technology, Solid solution
Abstract: A Cu-10 Ni-2Ti wt.% alloy has been fabricated by induction melting and casting. The microstructure evolutions of the studied alloy treated with thermal-mechanical treatment were characterized. After homogenized at 950 °C for four hours, hot rolling by 80% at 900 °C solid solution treated at 970 °C for four hours, cold-rolled by 50%, aged at 450 °C for one hour, the hardness, electrical conductivity, tensile strength, yield strength, and the elongation of the studied alloy approached 181 HV, 22.1% IACS, 576 MPa, 486 MPa, and 14.6%, respectively. The studied alloy shows large products of strength and elongation (15.4 GPa·%, 9.3 GPa·%, 8.41 GPa·%, and 10.1 GPa·% for the samples treated with a solid solution, under aged, peak aged, and over-aged states), which are much higher than those of other high strength conductive copper alloys. These findings are helpful in designing new high damage tolerance conductive materials. Keywords: Cu alloy, Damage tolerance, Precipitation, Strength, Microstructure
Published: 2020

37. Microstructure, and Physical and Mechanical Properties of Copper–Graphite Composites Obtained by In Situ Reaction Method

Author: Zhu Xiao, Rushi Chen, Yunhe Zhang, Zhou Li, Xuefeng Zhu, Guofu Xu, and Yanlin Jia
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Composite number, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Copper, chemistry.chemical_compound, Brinell scale, Compressive strength, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Powder metallurgy, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Graphite, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The copper–graphite metal matrix composites were prepared by powder metallurgy method using cuprous oxide and graphite as the raw materials. Their microstructure, relative density, hardness, electrical resistivity and the compressive strength of the cuprous oxide–graphite (Cu2O-Gr) composites were studied. This composite when compared with copper–graphite (Cu-Gr) composites using copper powder and graphite demonstrated that the new composite had finer microstructures with increased to the higher compression strength value. The Brinell hardness is about 1.5-1.6 times higher than the original material and the compressive strength increased by 50-100 MPa. The good parameters can be attributed to the redox reaction that occurs at the interface between cuprous oxide and graphite particles, resulting in uniform distribution of the reinforcements in matrix and strong interfacial bonding between the copper matrix and the graphite particles.
Published: 2020

38. Coordination assembly of 2D ordered organic metal chalcogenides with widely tunable electronic band gaps

Author: Gang Xu, Guan-E Wang, Wan-Jian Yin, Chen Wang, Xiao-Ming Jiang, Zhihua Fu, Wei-Hua Deng, Banglin Chen, Qing-Qing Huang, Zhenzhu Li, and Yan-Zhou Li
Subjects: Materials science, Electronic properties and materials, Orders of magnitude (temperature), Chalcogenide, Band gap, Metal chalcogenides, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Two-dimensional materials, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Electronegativity, Metal, chemistry.chemical_compound, Organic-inorganic nanostructures, lcsh:Science, Nanoscopic scale, Multidisciplinary, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Exfoliation joint, 0104 chemical sciences, Coordination chemistry, Chemical engineering, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Engineering the band gap chemically by organic molecules is a powerful tool with which to optimize the properties of inorganic 2D materials. The obtained materials are however still limited by inhomogeneous compositions and properties at nanoscale and small adjustable band gap ranges. To overcome these problems in the traditional exfoliation and then organic modification strategy, an organic modification and then exfoliation strategy was explored in this work for preparing 2D organic metal chalcogenides (OMCs). Unlike the reported organically modified 2D materials, the inorganic layers of OMCs are fully covered by long-range ordered organic functional groups. By changing the electron-donating ability of the organic functional groups and the electronegativity of the metals, the band gaps of OMCs were varied by 0.83 eV and their conductivities were modulated by 9 orders of magnitude, which are 2 and 107 times higher than the highest values observed in the reported chemical methods, respectively., Here, the authors report a new class of 2D materials with inorganic metal chalcogenide layers covered by long-range ordered organic groups. The range of modulation on their band gaps and electrical conductivities are two times and 7 orders of magnitude better than the highest values reported so far.
Published: 2020

39. One-step processing of shrimp shell waste with a chitinase fused to a carbohydrate-binding module

Author: Jun-Jin Deng, Ming-Jun Zhu, Zhi-Wei Li, Jia-Zhou Li, Xiao-Chun Luo, Ming-Shu Zhang, He-Hua Mao, and De-Lin Lu
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Bioconversion, fungi, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Hydrolysate, 0104 chemical sciences, Shrimp, 03 medical and health sciences, Hydrolysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chitin, Enzymatic hydrolysis, Chitinase, biology.protein, Environmental Chemistry, Carbohydrate-binding module, Food science, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: As a potential renewable and nitrogen-rich feedstock, tons of shrimp shell waste is generated from the increasing consumption of seafood. However, its traditional processing is costly and creates pollution. The bioconversion of shell waste into valuable nitrogen-containing chemicals via enzymatic hydrolysis is a promising technology. However, intact shells are poorly hydrolyzed by chitinases unless pre-demineralization and deproteinization with chemicals or proteases are performed. In this study, three carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) were fused to the C-terminal of a chitinase Chit46 to enhance its hydrolysis of shrimp shell waste. The addition of CBMs significantly improved the chitinase activity and substrate-binding activity of Chit46. Chimeric chitinases could directly hydrolyze shrimp shells without pretreatment and their hydrolysis efficiency was much higher than that of previously reported chitinases. With the modified chitinase (‘Chit46-CBM3’), we developed a one-step shrimp shell processing method. The method could convert 46.5% of chitin in shrimp shells to chitin oligomers by hydrolysis in 12 h. Partial protein release accompanied chitin hydrolysis. Consisting of 8.8 g l−1 chitin oligomers and 11.3 g l−1 protein, the hydrolysate could support robust microbial growth and the residue was more digestible by mammals than conventional shrimp shell powder. This process is superior to previously reported methods in cost, conversion efficiency and labour. The one-step process also exhibited a much lower ecological footprint than conventional processing and can be applied to other types of chitinous waste in addition to shrimp shells.
Published: 2020

40. JUNO sensitivity to low energy atmospheric neutrino spectra

Author: JUNO Collaboration, Abusleme, Angel, Andronico, Giuseppe, Fan, Lei, Fang, Can, Fang, Jian, Fang, Wenxing, Fargetta, Marco, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Fekete, Vladko, Feng, Li-Cheng, Feng, Qichun, Ford, Richard, Anfimov, Nikolay, Formozov, Andrey, Fournier, Amélie, Gan, Haonan, Gao, Feng, Garfagnini, Alberto, Genster, Christoph, Giammarchi, Marco, Giaz, Agnese, Giudice, Nunzio, Gonchar, Maxim, Antonelli, Vito, Gong, Guanghua, Gong, Hui, Gorchakov, Oleg, Gornushkin, Yuri, Göttel, Alexandre, Grassi, Marco, Grewing, Christian, Gromov, Vasily, Gu, Minghao, Gu, Xiaofei, Antoshkina, Tatiana, Gu, Yu, Guan, Mengyun, Guardone, Nunzio, Gul, Maria, Guo, Cong, Guo, Jingyuan, Guo, Wanlei, Guo, Xinheng, Guo, Yuhang, Hackspacher, Paul, Asavapibhop, Burin, Hagner, Caren, Han, Ran, Han, Yang, Hassan, Muhammad Sohaib, He, Miao, He, Wei, Heinz, Tobias, Hellmuth, Patrick, Heng, Yuekun, Herrera, Rafael, Athayde Marcondes de André, João Pedro, Hong, Daojin, Hor, YuenKeung, Hou, Shaojing, Hsiung, Yee, Hu, Bei-Zhen, Hu, Hang, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Jun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Tao, Auguste, Didier, Hu, Zhuojun, Huang, Chunhao, Huang, Guihong, Huang, Hanxiong, Huang, Qinhua, Huang, Wenhao, Huang, Xin, Huang, Xingtao, Huang, Yongbo, Hui, Jiaqi, Babic, Andrej, Huo, Lei, Huo, Wenju, Huss, Cédric, Hussain, Safeer, Insolia, Antonio, Ioannisian, Ara, Isocrate, Roberto, Jelmini, Beatrice, Jen, Kuo-Lun, Jeria, Ignacio, Baldini, Wander, Ji, Xiaolu, Ji, Xingzhao, Jia, Huihui, Jia, Junji, Jian, Siyu, Jiang, Di, Jiang, Xiaoshan, Jin, Ruyi, Jing, Xiaoping, Jollet, Cécile, Barresi, Andrea, Joutsenvaara, Jari, Jungthawan, Sirichok, Kalousis, Leonidas, Kampmann, Philipp, Kang, Li, Karagounis, Michael, Kazarian, Narine, Khan, Waseem, Khosonthongkee, Khanchai, Korablev, Denis, Adam, Thomas, Baussan, Eric, Kouzakov, Konstantin, Krasnoperov, Alexey, Krumshteyn, Zinovy, Kruth, Andre, Kutovskiy, Nikolay, Kuusiniemi, Pasi, Lachenmaier, Tobias, Landini, Cecilia, Leblanc, Sébastien, Lebrin, Victor, Bellato, Marco, Lefevre, Frederic, Lei, Ruiting, Leitner, Rupert, Leung, Jason, Li, Demin, Li, Fei, Li, Fule, Li, Haitao, Li, Huiling, Li, Jiaqi, Bergnoli, Antonio, Li, Mengzhao, Li, Min, Li, Nan, Li, Qingjiang, Li, Ruhui, Li, Shanfeng, Li, Tao, Li, Weidong, Li, Weiguo, Bernieri, Enrico, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xiaonan, Li, Xinglong, Li, Yi, Li, Yufeng, Li, Zhaohan, Li, Zhibing, Li, Ziyuan, Liang, Hao, Birkenfeld, Thilo, Liang, Jingjing, Liebau, Daniel, Limphirat, Ayut, Limpijumnong, Sukit, Lin, Guey-Lin, Lin, Shengxin, Lin, Tao, Ling, Jiajie, Lippi, Ivano, Liu, Fang, Blin, Sylvie, Liu, Haidong, Liu, Hongbang, Liu, Hongjuan, Liu, Hongtao, Liu, Hui, Liu, Jianglai, Liu, Jinchang, Liu, Min, Liu, Qian, Liu, Qin, Blum, David, Liu, Runxuan, Liu, Shuangyu, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Shulin, Liu, Xiaowei, Liu, Xiwen, Liu, Yan, Liu, Yunzhe, Lokhov, Alexey, Lombardi, Paolo, Blyth, Simon, Lombardo, Claudio, Loo, Kai, Lu, Chuan, Lu, Haoqi, Lu, Jingbin, Lu, Junguang, Lu, Shuxiang, Lu, Xiaoxu, Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto, Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim, Bolshakova, Anastasia, Ludhová, Livia, Luo, Fengjiao, Luo, Guang, Luo, Pengwei, Luo, Shu, Luo, Wuming, Lyashuk, Vladimir, Ma, Bangzheng, Ma, Qiumei, Ma, Si, Bongrand, Mathieu, Ma, Xiaoyan, Ma, Xubo, Maalmi, Jihane, Malyshkin, Yury, Mantovani, Fabio, Manzali, Francesco, Mao, Xin, Mao, Yajun, Mari, Stefano M., Marini, Filippo, Ahmad, Shakeel, Bordereau, Clément, Marium, Sadia, Martellini, Cristina, Martin-Chassard, Gisele, Martini, Agnese, Mayilyan, Davit, Mednieks, Ints, Meng, Yue, Meregaglia, Anselmo, Meroni, Emanuela, Meyhöfer, David, Breton, Dominique, Mezzetto, Mauro, Miller, Jonathan, Miramonti, Lino, Monforte, Salvatore, Montini, Paolo, Montuschi, Michele, Müller, Axel, Muralidharan, Pavithra, Nastasi, Massimiliano, Naumov, Dmitry V., Brigatti, Augusto, Naumova, Elena, Navas-Nicolas, Diana, Nemchenok, Igor, Thi, Minh Thuan Nguyen, Ning, Feipeng, Ning, Zhe, Nunokawa, Hiroshi, Oberauer, Lothar, Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Brugnera, Riccardo, Orestano, Domizia, Ortica, Fausto, Othegraven, Rainer, Pan, Hsiao-Ru, Paoloni, Alessandro, Parkalian, Nina, Parmeggiano, Sergio, Pei, Yatian, Pelliccia, Nicomede, Peng, Anguo, Bruno, Riccardo, Peng, Haiping, Perrot, Frédéric, Petitjean, Pierre-Alexandre, Petrucci, Fabrizio, Pilarczyk, Oliver, Rico, Luis Felipe Piñeres, Popov, Artyom, Poussot, Pascal, Pratumwan, Wathan, Previtali, Ezio, Budano, Antonio, Qi, Fazhi, Qi, Ming, Qian, Sen, Qian, Xiaohui, Qian, Zhen, Qiao, Hao, Qin, Zhonghua, Qiu, Shoukang, Rajput, Muhammad Usman, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Buscemi, Mario, Raper, Neill, Re, Alessandra, Rebber, Henning, Rebii, Abdel, Ren, Bin, Ren, Jie, Rezinko, Taras, Ricci, Barbara, Robens, Markus, Roche, Mathieu, Busto, Jose, Rodphai, Narongkiat, Romani, Aldo, Roskovec, Bedřich, Roth, Christian, Ruan, Xiangdong, Ruan, Xichao, Rujirawat, Saroj, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Sadovsky, Andrey, Saggese, Paolo, Butorov, Ilya, Salamanna, Giuseppe, Sanfilippo, Simone, Sangka, Anut, Sanguansak, Nuanwan, Sawangwit, Utane, Sawatzki, Julia, Sawy, Fatma, Schever, Michaela, Schuler, Jacky, Schwab, Cédric, Cabrera, Anatael, Schweizer, Konstantin, Selyunin, Alexandr, Serafini, Andrea, Settanta, Giulio, Settimo, Mariangela, Shao, Zhuang, Sharov, Vladislav, Shaydurova, Arina, Shi, Jingyan, Shi, Yanan, Ahmed, Rizwan, Cai, Hao, Shutov, Vitaly, Sidorenkov, Andrey, Šimkovic, Fedor, Sirignano, Chiara, Siripak, Jaruchit, Sisti, Monica, Slupecki, Maciej, Smirnov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago, Cai, Xiao, Sokolov, Sergey, Songwadhana, Julanan, Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar, Sotnikov, Albert, Šrámek, Ondřej, Sreethawong, Warintorn, Stahl, Achim, Stanco, Luca, Stankevich, Konstantin, Štefánik, Dušan, Cai, Yanke, Steiger, Hans, Steinmann, Jochen, Sterr, Tobias, Stock, Matthias Raphael, Strati, Virginia, Studenikin, Alexander, Sun, Gongxing, Sun, Shifeng, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Yongjie, Cai, Zhiyan, Sun, Yongzhao, Suwonjandee, Narumon, Szelezniak, Michal, Tang, Jian, Tang, Qiang, Tang, Quan, Tang, Xiao, Tietzsch, Alexander, Tkachev, Igor, Tmej, Tomas, Cammi, Antonio, Treskov, Konstantin, Triossi, Andrea, Troni, Giancarlo, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tuve, Cristina, Ushakov, Nikita, van den Boom, Johannes, van Waasen, Stefan, Vanroyen, Guillaume, Vassilopoulos, Nikolaos, Campeny, Agustin, Vedin, Vadim, Verde, Giuseppe, Vialkov, Maxim, Viaud, Benoit, Vollbrecht, Cornelius, Volpe, Cristina, Vorobel, Vit, Voronin, Dmitriy, Votano, Lucia, Walker, Pablo, Cao, Chuanya, Wang, Caishen, Wang, Chung-Hsiang, Wang, En, Wang, Guoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Jun, Wang, Kunyu, Wang, Lu, Wang, Meifen, Wang, Meng, Cao, Guofu, Wang, Ruiguang, Wang, Siguang, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wenshuai, Wang, Xi, Wang, Xiangyue, Wang, Yangfu, Wang, Yaoguang, Cao, Jun, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yuman, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zheng, Wang, Zhimin, Wang, Zongyi, Waqas, Muhammad, Caruso, Rossella, Watcharangkool, Apimook, Wei, Lianghong, Wei, Wei, Wei, Wenlu, Wei, Yadong, Wen, Liangjian, Wiebusch, Christopher, Wong, Steven Chan-Fai, Wonsak, Bjoern, Wu, Diru, Aiello, Sebastiano, Cerna, Cédric, Wu, Fangliang, Wu, Qun, Wu, Wenjie, Wu, Zhi, Wurm, Michael, Wurtz, Jacques, Wysotzki, Christian, Xi, Yufei, Xia, Dongmei, Xie, Yuguang, Chang, Jinfan, Xie, Zhangquan, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Benda, Xu, Cheng, Xu, Donglian, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Hangkun, Xu, Jilei, Xu, Jing, Xu, Meihang, Chang, Yun, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yu, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Taylor, Yan, Wenqi, Yan, Xiongbo, Yan, Yupeng, Yang, Anbo, Yang, Changgen, Yang, Huan, Chen, Pingping, Yang, Jie, Yang, Lei, Yang, Xiaoyu, Yang, Yifan, Yao, Haifeng, Yasin, Zafar, Ye, Jiaxuan, Ye, Mei, Ye, Ziping, Chen, Po-An, Yegin, Ugur, Yermia, Frédéric, Yi, Peihuai, Yin, Na, Yin, Xiangwei, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chiye, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Hongzhao, Chen, Shaomin, Yu, Miao, Yu, Xianghui, Yu, Zeyuan, Yu, Zezhong, Yuan, Chengzhuo, Yuan, Ying, Yuan, Zhenxiong, Yuan, Ziyi, Yue, Baobiao, Zafar, Noman, Chen, Xurong, Zambanini, Andre, Zavadskyi, Vitalii, Zeng, Shan, Zeng, Tingxuan, Zeng, Yuda, Zhan, Liang, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Feiyang, Zhang, Guoqing, Zhang, Haiqiong, Chen, Yi-Wen, Zhang, Honghao, Zhang, Jiawen, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jingbo, Zhang, Jinnan, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Qingmin, Zhang, Shiqi, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Tao, Chen, Yixue, Zhang, Xiaomei, Zhang, Xuantong, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yinhong, Zhang, Yiyu, Zhang, Yongpeng, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Zhenyu, Chen, Yu, Zhang, Zhijian, Zhao, Fengyi, Zhao, Jie, Zhao, Rong, Zhao, Shujun, Zhao, Tianchi, Zheng, Dongqin, Zheng, Hua, Zheng, Minshan, Zheng, Yangheng, Akram, Muhammad, Chen, Zhang, Zhong, Weirong, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Nan, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Tong, Zhou, Xiang, Zhu, Jiang, Zhu, Kejun, Zhu, Zhihang, Cheng, Jie, Zhuang, Bo, Zhuang, Honglin, Zong, Liang, Zou, Jiaheng, Cheng, Yaping, Chetverikov, Alexey, Chiesa, Davide, Chimenti, Pietro, Chukanov, Artem, Claverie, Gérard, Clementi, Catia, Clerbaux, Barbara, An, Fengpeng, Conforti Di Lorenzo, Selma, Corti, Daniele, Costa, Salvatore, Dal Corso, Flavio, Dalager, Olivia, De La Taille, Christophe, Deng, Jiawei, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Depnering, Wilfried, An, Guangpeng, Diaz, Marco, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yayun, Dirgantara, Bayu, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Dohnal, Tadeas, Dolzhikov, Dmitry, Donchenko, Georgy, Dong, Jianmeng, Doroshkevich, Evgeny, An, Qi, Dracos, Marcos, Druillole, Frédéric, Du, Shuxian, Dusini, Stefano, Dvorak, Martin, Enqvist, Timo, Enzmann, Heike, Fabbri, Andrea, Fajt, Lukas, Fan, Donghua, Abusleme, Angel, Adam, Thoma, Ahmad, Shakeel, Ahmed, Rizwan, Aiello, Sebastiano, Akram, Muhammad, An, Fengpeng, An, Guangpeng, An, Qi, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anfimov, Nikolay, Antonelli, Vito, Antoshkina, Tatiana, Asavapibhop, Burin, de André, João Pedro Athayde Marconde, Auguste, Didier, Babic, Andrej, Baldini, Wander, Barresi, Andrea, Baussan, Eric, Bellato, Marco, Bergnoli, Antonio, Bernieri, Enrico, Birkenfeld, Thilo, Blin, Sylvie, Blum, David, Blyth, Simon, Bolshakova, Anastasia, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bordereau, Clément, Breton, Dominique, Brigatti, Augusto, Brugnera, Riccardo, Bruno, Riccardo, Budano, Antonio, Buscemi, Mario, Busto, Jose, Butorov, Ilya, Cabrera, Anatael, Cai, Hao, Cai, Xiao, Cai, Yanke, Cai, Zhiyan, Cammi, Antonio, Campeny, Agustin, Cao, Chuanya, Cao, Guofu, Cao, Jun, Caruso, Rossella, Cerna, Cédric, Chang, Jinfan, Chang, Yun, Chen, Pingping, Chen, Po-An, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Xurong, Chen, Yi-Wen, Chen, Yixue, Chen, Yu, Chen, Zhang, Cheng, Jie, Cheng, Yaping, Chetverikov, Alexey, Chiesa, Davide, Chimenti, Pietro, Chukanov, Artem, Claverie, Gérard, Clementi, Catia, Clerbaux, Barbara, Lorenzo, Selma Conforti Di, Corti, Daniele, Costa, Salvatore, Corso, Flavio Dal, Dalager, Olivia, De La Taille, Christophe, Deng, Jiawei, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Depnering, Wilfried, Diaz, Marco, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yayun, Dirgantara, Bayu, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Dohnal, Tadea, Dolzhikov, Dmitry, Donchenko, Georgy, Dong, Jianmeng, Doroshkevich, Evgeny, Dracos, Marco, Druillole, Frédéric, Du, Shuxian, Dusini, Stefano, Dvorak, Martin, Enqvist, Timo, Enzmann, Heike, Fabbri, Andrea, Fajt, Luka, Fan, Donghua, Fan, Lei, Fang, Can, Fang, Jian, Fang, Wenxing, Fargetta, Marco, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Fekete, Vladko, Feng, Li-Cheng, Feng, Qichun, Ford, Richard, Formozov, Andrey, Fournier, Amélie, Gan, Haonan, Gao, Feng, Garfagnini, Alberto, Genster, Christoph, Giammarchi, Marco, Giaz, Agnese, Giudice, Nunzio, Gonchar, Maxim, Gong, Guanghua, Gong, Hui, Gorchakov, Oleg, Gornushkin, Yuri, Göttel, Alexandre, Grassi, Marco, Grewing, Christian, Gromov, Vasily, Gu, Minghao, Gu, Xiaofei, Gu, Yu, Guan, Mengyun, Guardone, Nunzio, Gul, Maria, Guo, Cong, Guo, Jingyuan, Guo, Wanlei, Guo, Xinheng, Guo, Yuhang, Hackspacher, Paul, Hagner, Caren, Han, Ran, Han, Yang, Hassan, Muhammad Sohaib, He, Miao, He, Wei, Heinz, Tobia, Hellmuth, Patrick, Heng, Yuekun, Herrera, Rafael, Hong, Daojin, Hor, Yuenkeung, Hou, Shaojing, Hsiung, Yee, Hu, Bei-Zhen, Hu, Hang, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Jun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Tao, Hu, Zhuojun, Huang, 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Shoukang, Rajput, Muhammad Usman, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Raper, Neill, Re, Alessandra, Rebber, Henning, Rebii, Abdel, Ren, Bin, Ren, Jie, Rezinko, Tara, Ricci, Barbara, Robens, Marku, Roche, Mathieu, Rodphai, Narongkiat, Romani, Aldo, Roskovec, Bedřich, Roth, Christian, Ruan, Xiangdong, Ruan, Xichao, Rujirawat, Saroj, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Sadovsky, Andrey, Saggese, Paolo, Salamanna, Giuseppe, Sanfilippo, Simone, Sangka, Anut, Sanguansak, Nuanwan, Sawangwit, Utane, Sawatzki, Julia, Sawy, Fatma, Schever, Michaela, Schuler, Jacky, Schwab, Cédric, Schweizer, Konstantin, Selyunin, Alexandr, Serafini, Andrea, Settanta, Giulio, Settimo, Mariangela, Shao, Zhuang, Sharov, Vladislav, Shaydurova, Arina, Shi, Jingyan, Shi, Yanan, Shutov, Vitaly, Sidorenkov, Andrey, Šimkovic, Fedor, Sirignano, Chiara, Siripak, Jaruchit, Sisti, Monica, Slupecki, Maciej, Smirnov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago, Sokolov, Sergey, Songwadhana, Julanan, Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar, Sotnikov, Albert, Šrámek, 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Xiangyue, Wang, Yangfu, Wang, Yaoguang, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yuman, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zheng, Wang, Zhimin, Wang, Zongyi, Waqas, Muhammad, Watcharangkool, Apimook, Wei, Lianghong, Wei, Wei, Wei, Wenlu, Wei, Yadong, Wen, Liangjian, Wiebusch, Christopher, Wong, Steven Chan-Fai, Wonsak, Bjoern, Wu, Diru, Wu, Fangliang, Wu, Qun, Wu, Wenjie, Wu, Zhi, Wurm, Michael, Wurtz, Jacque, Wysotzki, Christian, Xi, Yufei, Xia, Dongmei, Xie, Yuguang, Xie, Zhangquan, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Benda, Xu, Cheng, Xu, Donglian, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Hangkun, Xu, Jilei, Xu, Jing, Xu, Meihang, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yu, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Taylor, Yan, Wenqi, Yan, Xiongbo, Yan, Yupeng, Yang, Anbo, Yang, Changgen, Yang, Huan, Yang, Jie, Yang, Lei, Yang, Xiaoyu, Yang, Yifan, Yao, Haifeng, Yasin, Zafar, Ye, Jiaxuan, Ye, Mei, Ye, Ziping, Yegin, Ugur, Yermia, Frédéric, Yi, Peihuai, Yin, Na, Yin, Xiangwei, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chiye, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Hongzhao, Yu, Miao, Yu, Xianghui, Yu, Zeyuan, Yu, 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(IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), JUNO, Abusleme A., Adam T., Ahmad S., Ahmed R., Aiello S., Akram M., An F., An G., An Q., Andronico G., Anfimov N., Antonelli V., Antoshkina T., Asavapibhop B., de Andre J.P.A.M., Auguste D., Babic A., Baldini W., Barresi A., Baussan E., Bellato M., Bergnoli A., Bernieri E., Birkenfeld T., Blin S., Blum D., Blyth S., Bolshakova A., Bongrand M., Bordereau C., Breton D., Brigatti A., Brugnera R., Bruno R., Budano A., Buscemi M., Busto J., Butorov I., Cabrera A., Cai H., Cai X., Cai Y., Cai Z., Cammi A., Campeny A., Cao C., Cao G., Cao J., Caruso R., Cerna C., Chang J., Chang Y., Chen P., Chen P.-A., Chen S., Chen X., Chen Y.-W., Chen Y., Chen Z., Cheng J., Cheng Y., Chetverikov A., Chiesa D., Chimenti P., Chukanov A., Claverie G., Clementi C., Clerbaux B., Lorenzo S.C.D., Corti D., Costa S., Corso F.D., Dalager O., De La Taille C., Deng J., Deng Z., Depnering W., Diaz M., Ding X., Ding Y., Dirgantara B., Dmitrievsky S., Dohnal T., Dolzhikov D., Donchenko G., Dong J., Doroshkevich E., Dracos M., Druillole F., Du S., Dusini S., Dvorak M., Enqvist T., Enzmann H., Fabbri A., Fajt L., Fan D., Fan L., Fang C., Fang J., Fang W., Fargetta M., Fedoseev D., Fekete V., Feng L.-C., Feng Q., Ford R., Formozov A., Fournier A., Gan H., Gao F., Garfagnini A., Genster C., Giammarchi M., Giaz A., Giudice N., Gonchar M., Gong G., Gong H., Gorchakov O., Gornushkin Y., Gottel A., Grassi M., Grewing C., Gromov V., Gu M., Gu X., Gu Y., Guan M., Guardone N., Gul M., Guo C., Guo J., Guo W., Guo X., Guo Y., Hackspacher P., Hagner C., Han R., Han Y., Hassan M.S., He M., He W., Heinz T., Hellmuth P., Heng Y., Herrera R., Hong D., Hor Y.K., Hou S., Hsiung Y., Hu B.-Z., Hu H., Hu J., Hu S., Hu T., Hu Z., Huang C., Huang G., Huang H., Huang Q., Huang W., Huang X., Huang Y., Hui J., Huo L., Huo W., Huss C., Hussain S., Insolia A., Ioannisian A., Isocrate R., Jelmini B., Jen K.-L., Jeria I., Ji X., Jia H., Jia J., Jian S., Jiang D., Jiang X., Jin R., Jing X., Jollet C., Jungthawan S., Kalousis L., Kampmann P., Kang L., Karagounis M., Kazarian N., Khan W., Khosonthongkee K., Korablev D., Kouzakov K., Krasnoperov A., Krumshteyn Z., Kruth A., Kutovskiy N., Kuusiniemi P., Lachenmaier T., Landini C., Leblanc S., Lebrin V., Lefevre F., Lei R., Leitner R., Leung J., Li D., Li F., Li H., Li J., Li M., Li N., Li Q., Li R., Li S., Li T., Li W., Li X., Li Y., Li Z., Liang H., Liang J., Liebau D., Limphirat A., Limpijumnong S., Lin G.-L., Lin S., Lin T., Ling J., Lippi I., Liu F., Liu H., Liu J., Liu M., Liu Q., Liu R., Liu S., Liu X., Liu Y., Lokhov A., Lombardi P., Lombardo C., Loo K., Lu C., Lu H., Lu J., Lu S., Lu X., Lubsandorzhiev B., Lubsandorzhiev S., Ludhova L., Luo F., Luo G., Luo P., Luo S., Luo W., Lyashuk V., Ma B., Ma Q., Ma S., Ma X., Maalmi J., Malyshkin Y., Mantovani F., Manzali F., Mao X., Mao Y., Mari S.M., Marini F., Marium S., Martellini C., Martin-Chassard G., Martini A., Mayilyan D., Mednieks I., Meng Y., Meregaglia A., Meroni E., Meyhofer D., Mezzetto M., Miller J., Miramonti L., Monforte S., Montini P., Montuschi M., Muller A., Muralidharan P., Nastasi M., Naumov D.V., Naumova E., Navas-Nicolas D., Nemchenok I., Thi M.T.N., Ning F., Ning Z., Nunokawa H., Oberauer L., Ochoa-Ricoux J.P., Olshevskiy A., Orestano D., Ortica F., Othegraven R., Pan H.-R., Paoloni A., Parkalian N., Parmeggiano S., Pei Y., Pelliccia N., Peng A., Peng H., Perrot F., Petitjean P.-A., Petrucci F., Pilarczyk O., Rico L.F.P., Popov A., Poussot P., Pratumwan W., Previtali E., Qi F., Qi M., Qian S., Qian X., Qian Z., Qiao H., Qin Z., Qiu S., Rajput M.U., Ranucci G., Raper N., Re A., Rebber H., Rebii A., Ren B., Ren J., Rezinko T., Ricci B., Robens M., Roche M., Rodphai N., Romani A., Roskovec B., Roth C., Ruan X., Rujirawat S., Rybnikov A., Sadovsky A., Saggese P., Salamanna G., Sanfilippo S., Sangka A., Sanguansak N., Sawangwit U., Sawatzki J., Sawy F., Schever M., Schuler J., Schwab C., Schweizer K., Selyunin A., Serafini A., Settanta G., Settimo M., Shao Z., Sharov V., Shaydurova A., Shi J., Shi Y., Shutov V., Sidorenkov A., Simkovic F., Sirignano C., Siripak J., Sisti M., Slupecki M., Smirnov M., Smirnov O., Sogo-Bezerra T., Sokolov S., Songwadhana J., Soonthornthum B., Sotnikov A., Sramek O., Sreethawong W., Stahl A., Stanco L., Stankevich K., Stefanik D., Steiger H., Steinmann J., Sterr T., Stock M.R., Strati V., Studenikin A., Sun G., Sun S., Sun X., Sun Y., Suwonjandee N., Szelezniak M., Tang J., Tang Q., Tang X., Tietzsch A., Tkachev I., Tmej T., Treskov K., Triossi A., Troni G., Trzaska W., Tuve C., Ushakov N., Boom J., Waasen S., Vanroyen G., Vassilopoulos N., Vedin V., Verde G., Vialkov M., Viaud B., Vollbrecht M.C., Volpe C., Vorobel V., Voronin D., Votano L., Walker P., Wang C., Wang C.-H., Wang E., Wang G., Wang J., Wang K., Wang L., Wang M., Wang R., Wang S., Wang W., Wang X., Wang Y., Wang Z., Waqas M., Watcharangkool A., Wei L., Wei W., Wei Y., Wen L., Wiebusch C., Wong S.C.-F., Wonsak B., Wu D., Wu F., Wu Q., Wu W., Wu Z., Wurm M., Wurtz J., Wysotzki C., Xi Y., Xia D., Xie Y., Xie Z., Xing Z., Xu B., Xu C., Xu D., Xu F., Xu H., Xu J., Xu M., Xu Y., Yan B., Yan T., Yan W., Yan X., Yan Y., Yang A., Yang C., Yang H., Yang J., Yang L., Yang X., Yang Y., Yao H., Yasin Z., Ye J., Ye M., Ye Z., Yegin U., Yermia F., Yi P., Yin N., Yin X., You Z., Yu B., Yu C., Yu H., Yu M., Yu X., Yu Z., Yuan C., Yuan Y., Yuan Z., Yue B., Zafar N., Zambanini A., Zavadskyi V., Zeng S., Zeng T., Zeng Y., Zhan L., Zhang A., Zhang F., Zhang G., Zhang H., Zhang J., Zhang P., Zhang Q., Zhang S., Zhang T., Zhang X., Zhang Y., Zhang Z., Zhao F., Zhao J., Zhao R., Zhao S., Zhao T., Zheng D., Zheng H., Zheng M., Zheng Y., Zhong W., Zhou J., Zhou L., Zhou N., Zhou S., Zhou T., Zhou X., Zhu J., Zhu K., Zhu Z., Zhuang B., Zhuang H., Zong L., Zou J., Abusleme, A, Adam, T, Ahmad, S, Ahmed, R, Aiello, S, Akram, M, An, F, An, G, An, Q, Andronico, G, Anfimov, N, Antonelli, V, Antoshkina, T, Asavapibhop, B, de Andre, J, Auguste, D, Babic, A, Baldini, W, Barresi, A, Baussan, E, Bellato, M, Bergnoli, A, Bernieri, E, Birkenfeld, T, Blin, S, Blum, D, Blyth, S, Bolshakova, A, Bongrand, M, Bordereau, C, Breton, D, Brigatti, A, Brugnera, R, Bruno, R, Budano, A, Buscemi, M, Busto, J, Butorov, I, Cabrera, A, Cai, H, Cai, X, Cai, Y, Cai, Z, Cammi, A, Campeny, A, Cao, C, Cao, G, Cao, J, Caruso, R, Cerna, C, Chang, J, Chang, Y, Chen, P, Chen, S, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Chen, Z, Cheng, J, Cheng, Y, Chetverikov, A, Chiesa, D, Chimenti, P, Chukanov, A, Claverie, G, Clementi, C, Clerbaux, B, Lorenzo, S, Corti, D, Costa, S, Corso, F, Dalager, O, De La Taille, C, Deng, J, Deng, Z, Depnering, W, Diaz, M, Ding, X, Ding, Y, Dirgantara, B, Dmitrievsky, S, Dohnal, T, Dolzhikov, D, Donchenko, G, Dong, J, Doroshkevich, E, Dracos, M, Druillole, F, Du, S, Dusini, S, Dvorak, M, Enqvist, T, Enzmann, H, Fabbri, A, Fajt, L, Fan, D, Fan, L, Fang, C, Fang, J, Fang, W, Fargetta, M, Fedoseev, D, Fekete, V, Feng, L, Feng, Q, Ford, R, Formozov, A, Fournier, A, Gan, H, Gao, F, Garfagnini, A, Genster, C, Giammarchi, M, Giaz, A, Giudice, N, Gonchar, M, Gong, G, Gong, H, Gorchakov, O, Gornushkin, Y, Gottel, A, Grassi, M, Grewing, C, Gromov, V, Gu, M, Gu, X, Gu, Y, Guan, M, Guardone, N, Gul, M, Guo, C, Guo, J, Guo, W, Guo, X, Guo, Y, Hackspacher, P, Hagner, C, Han, R, Han, Y, Hassan, M, He, M, He, W, Heinz, T, Hellmuth, P, Heng, Y, Herrera, R, Hong, D, Hor, Y, Hou, S, Hsiung, Y, Hu, B, Hu, H, Hu, J, Hu, S, Hu, T, Hu, Z, Huang, C, Huang, G, Huang, H, Huang, Q, Huang, W, Huang, X, Huang, Y, Hui, J, Huo, L, Huo, W, Huss, C, Hussain, S, Insolia, A, Ioannisian, A, Isocrate, R, Jelmini, B, Jen, K, Jeria, I, Ji, X, Jia, H, Jia, J, Jian, S, Jiang, D, Jiang, X, Jin, R, Jing, X, Jollet, C, Jungthawan, S, Kalousis, L, Kampmann, P, Kang, L, Karagounis, M, Kazarian, N, Khan, W, Khosonthongkee, K, Korablev, D, Kouzakov, K, Krasnoperov, A, Krumshteyn, Z, Kruth, A, Kutovskiy, N, Kuusiniemi, P, Lachenmaier, T, Landini, C, Leblanc, S, Lebrin, V, Lefevre, F, Lei, R, Leitner, R, Leung, J, Li, D, Li, F, Li, H, Li, J, Li, M, Li, N, Li, Q, Li, R, Li, S, Li, T, Li, W, Li, X, Li, Y, Li, Z, Liang, H, Liang, J, Liebau, D, Limphirat, A, Limpijumnong, S, Lin, G, Lin, S, Lin, T, Ling, J, Lippi, I, Liu, F, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, M, Liu, Q, Liu, R, Liu, S, Liu, X, Liu, Y, Lokhov, A, Lombardi, P, Lombardo, C, Loo, K, Lu, C, Lu, H, Lu, J, Lu, S, Lu, X, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lubsandorzhiev, S, Ludhova, L, Luo, F, Luo, G, Luo, P, Luo, S, Luo, W, Lyashuk, V, Ma, B, Ma, Q, Ma, S, Ma, X, Maalmi, J, Malyshkin, Y, Mantovani, F, Manzali, F, Mao, X, Mao, Y, Mari, S, Marini, F, Marium, S, Martellini, C, Martin-Chassard, G, Martini, A, Mayilyan, D, Mednieks, I, Meng, Y, Meregaglia, A, Meroni, E, Meyhofer, D, Mezzetto, M, Miller, J, Miramonti, L, Monforte, S, Montini, P, Montuschi, M, Muller, A, Muralidharan, P, Nastasi, M, Naumov, D, Naumova, E, Navas-Nicolas, D, Nemchenok, I, Thi, M, Ning, F, Ning, Z, Nunokawa, H, Oberauer, L, Ochoa-Ricoux, J, Olshevskiy, A, Orestano, D, Ortica, F, Othegraven, R, Pan, H, Paoloni, A, Parkalian, N, Parmeggiano, S, Pei, Y, Pelliccia, N, Peng, A, Peng, H, Perrot, F, Petitjean, P, Petrucci, F, Pilarczyk, O, Rico, L, Popov, A, Poussot, P, Pratumwan, W, Previtali, E, Qi, F, Qi, M, Qian, S, Qian, X, Qian, Z, Qiao, H, Qin, Z, Qiu, S, Rajput, M, Ranucci, G, Raper, N, Re, A, Rebber, H, Rebii, A, Ren, B, Ren, J, Rezinko, T, Ricci, B, Robens, M, Roche, M, Rodphai, N, Romani, A, Roskovec, B, Roth, C, Ruan, X, Rujirawat, S, Rybnikov, A, Sadovsky, A, Saggese, P, Salamanna, G, Sanfilippo, S, Sangka, A, Sanguansak, N, Sawangwit, U, Sawatzki, J, Sawy, F, Schever, M, Schuler, J, Schwab, C, Schweizer, K, Selyunin, A, Serafini, A, Settanta, G, Settimo, M, Shao, Z, Sharov, V, Shaydurova, A, Shi, J, Shi, Y, Shutov, V, Sidorenkov, A, Simkovic, F, Sirignano, C, Siripak, J, Sisti, M, Slupecki, M, Smirnov, M, Smirnov, O, Sogo-Bezerra, T, Sokolov, S, Songwadhana, J, Soonthornthum, B, Sotnikov, A, Sramek, O, Sreethawong, W, Stahl, A, Stanco, L, Stankevich, K, Stefanik, D, Steiger, H, Steinmann, J, Sterr, T, Stock, M, Strati, V, Studenikin, A, Sun, G, Sun, S, Sun, X, Sun, Y, Suwonjandee, N, Szelezniak, M, Tang, J, Tang, Q, Tang, X, Tietzsch, A, Tkachev, I, Tmej, T, Treskov, K, Triossi, A, Troni, G, Trzaska, W, Tuve, C, Ushakov, N, Boom, J, Waasen, S, Vanroyen, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Vedin, V, Verde, G, Vialkov, M, Viaud, B, Vollbrecht, M, Volpe, C, Vorobel, V, Voronin, D, Votano, L, Walker, P, Wang, C, Wang, E, Wang, G, Wang, J, Wang, K, Wang, L, Wang, M, Wang, R, Wang, S, Wang, W, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Waqas, M, Watcharangkool, A, Wei, L, Wei, W, Wei, Y, Wen, L, Wiebusch, C, Wong, S, Wonsak, B, Wu, D, Wu, F, Wu, Q, Wu, W, Wu, Z, Wurm, M, Wurtz, J, Wysotzki, C, Xi, Y, Xia, D, Xie, Y, Xie, Z, Xing, Z, Xu, B, Xu, C, Xu, D, Xu, F, Xu, H, Xu, J, Xu, M, Xu, Y, Yan, B, Yan, T, Yan, W, Yan, X, Yan, Y, Yang, A, Yang, C, Yang, H, Yang, J, Yang, L, Yang, X, Yang, Y, Yao, H, Yasin, Z, Ye, J, Ye, M, Ye, Z, Yegin, U, Yermia, F, Yi, P, Yin, N, Yin, X, You, Z, Yu, B, Yu, C, Yu, H, Yu, M, Yu, X, Yu, Z, Yuan, C, Yuan, Y, Yuan, Z, Yue, B, Zafar, N, Zambanini, A, Zavadskyi, V, Zeng, S, Zeng, T, Zeng, Y, Zhan, L, Zhang, A, Zhang, F, Zhang, G, Zhang, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, P, Zhang, Q, Zhang, S, Zhang, T, Zhang, X, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhao, F, Zhao, J, Zhao, R, Zhao, S, Zhao, T, Zheng, D, Zheng, H, Zheng, M, Zheng, Y, Zhong, W, Zhou, J, Zhou, L, Zhou, N, Zhou, S, Zhou, T, Zhou, X, Zhu, J, Zhu, K, Zhu, Z, Zhuang, B, Zhuang, H, Zong, L, Zou, J, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, scintillation counter: liquid, energy resolution, Atmospheric neutrino, QC770-798, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, neutrino: flux, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), particle source [neutrino], neutrino, neutrino: atmosphere, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Cherenkov, neutrino/e: particle identification, energy: low [neutrino], Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory, Physics, JUNO, photomultiplier, liquid [scintillation counter], primary [neutrino], neutrino: energy spectrum, Detector, oscillation [neutrino], neutrinos, Monte Carlo [numerical calculations], atmosphere [neutrino], QB460-466, observatory, cosmic radiation, Computer Science::Mathematical Software, proposed experiment, Neutrino, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, Computer Science::Machine Learning, Particle physics, data analysis method, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, NO, Statistics::Machine Learning, PE2_2, neutrino: primary, neutrino: spectrum, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, structure, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Engineering (miscellaneous), Cherenkov radiation, particle identification [neutrino/mu], Scintillation, neutrino/mu: particle identification, flavor, detector, particle identification [neutrino/e], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, neutrino: energy: low, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, spectrum [neutrino], resolution, energy spectrum [neutrino], flux [neutrino], neutrino: particle source, 13. Climate action, High Energy Physics::Experiment, neutrino: oscillation, neutrino, detector
Abstract: Atmospheric neutrinos are one of the most relevant natural neutrino sources that can be exploited to infer properties about cosmic rays and neutrino oscillations. The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment, a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector with excellent energy resolution is currently under construction in China. JUNO will be able to detect several atmospheric neutrinos per day given the large volume. A study on the JUNO detection and reconstruction capabilities of atmospheric $\nu_e$ and $\nu_\mu$ fluxes is presented in this paper. In this study, a sample of atmospheric neutrino Monte Carlo events has been generated, starting from theoretical models, and then processed by the detector simulation. The excellent timing resolution of the 3'' PMT light detection system of JUNO detector and the much higher light yield for scintillation over Cherenkov allow to measure the time structure of the scintillation light with very high precision. Since $\nu_e$ and $\nu_\mu$ interactions produce a slightly different light pattern, the different time evolution of light allows to discriminate the flavor of primary neutrinos. A probabilistic unfolding method has been used, in order to infer the primary neutrino energy spectrum from the detector experimental observables. The simulated spectrum has been reconstructed between 100 MeV and 10 GeV, showing a great potential of the detector in the atmospheric low energy region., Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2021

41. Ultra-Dense CEO-Stabilized Broadband Optical Frequency Comb Generation Through Simple, Programmable, and Lossless 1000-Fold Frequency-Spacing Division

Author: Luis Romero Cortes, José Azaña, Xiao-Zhou Li, Mohamed Seghilani, and Reza Maram
Subjects: lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics, Materials science, Terahertz radiation, Noise characterization, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Talbot and self-imaging effects, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optical frequency comb, law, 0103 physical sciences, Phase noise, Broadband, lcsh:QC350-467, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Spectroscopy, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), lcsh:TA1501-1820, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Phase modulation, lcsh:Optics. Light
Abstract: Ultra-dense broadband optical frequency combs with sub-MHz frequency spacing and stabilized carrier-envelope offset (CEO) are needed for many important applications, including high-accuracy real-time sub-Doppler spectroscopy, precise characterization of photonic devices, and greenhouse gas sounding. However, the generation of such combs remains very challenging because they require mode-locked lasers with impractically long cavities (>few hundred meters). Here we demonstrate a CEO-stabilized optical frequency comb with a programmable sub-MHz frequency spacing, obtained through simple, suitable temporal phase modulation of a 250-MHz input comb. The method preserves the energy, the bandwidth, and the CEO-stabilization of the input comb, achieving a combined (CEO and repetition-rate) integrated phase noise below π/10, and a frequency spacing down to 250 kHz over a 5-dB bandwidth of 10 THz, i.e., corresponding to a record high 1000-fold frequency spacing reduction and more than 40 000 000 comb lines. The demonstrated method bridges the gap between presently available high-quality optical frequency combs and a host of demanding and important applications that require CEO-stabilized broadband frequency combs with sub-MHz spacings.
Published: 2019

42. Chlorine weaken the immobilization of Cd in soil-rice systems by biochar

Author: Yanhui Chen, Tuanhui Xie, Zhou Li, Muhammad Athar Khaliq, Honghong Li, and Guo Wang
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 0208 environmental biotechnology, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Oryza, 01 natural sciences, Soil, Pore water pressure, Biochar, Chlorine, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Chemistry, Tissue Distribution, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Cadmium, Oryza sativa, biology, Chemistry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, 020801 environmental engineering, Horticulture, Charcoal, Soil water, Shoot, Environmental Pollution
Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) was cultivated in a Cd-contaminated soils with rice straw biochar (BC) and water-washed rice straw biochar (W-BC) were applied to investigate the underlying mechanisms and possible reasons for biochar's weakening effects on the immobilization of Cd in soil-rice system. The results indicated that W-BC reduced the Cd concentration in pore water as well as in the roots and shoots of rice by 26.24%, 53.23% and 62.47% respectively. On the contrary, there was an increase in Cd contents by 50.27% in pore water, 2.32% in the roots, and 12.80% in the shoots of rice under BC treatment. Furthermore, Cd content in rice shoot was significantly and positively correlated with Cl− addition to the soil (P
Published: 2019

43. Effect of continuous cropping on the rhizosphere soil and growth of common buckwheat

Author: Kaifeng Huang, Xiaoyan Huang, Zhen-Zhou Li, Zhao Quan, Yan Wang, and Yu Zhang
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Rhizosphere, rhizosphere soil, fungi, food and beverages, Continuous cropping, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Root system, lcsh:Plant culture, Biology, yield, common buckwheat, 01 natural sciences, Crop, Agronomy, plant traits, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, lcsh:SB1-1110, root system, Plant traits, Agronomy and Crop Science, continuous cropping years, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Common buckwheat is a health-care crop, and continuous cropping is one of the main factors restricting its high-yielding. In order to clarify the mechanism of continuous cropping of buckwheat, 4, 5and 6 years continuous cropping treatments were set up. We obtained the following results. The available nutrients content in rhizosphere soil, soil enzyme activity, leaf area, chlorophyll and soluble protein content, the peroxidase(POD) activity of leaves, agronomic traits, root index (except average diameter) of Fengtian1(FT1) decreased significantly with the increase of continuous cropping years. While, soil pH and the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil increased significantly, the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil and the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in leaves first increased and then decreased. The yields of continuous cropping for 6 years were 12 times lower than the control crop. In conclusion, continuous cropping has certain effects on growth and yields of buckwheat.
Published: 2019

44. Effect of Magnesium on Microstructure Refinements and Properties Enhancements in High-Strength CuNiSi Alloys

Author: Jialun Zhu, Tao Xiao, Qian Lei, Ze-Ru Liu, Zhou Li, Shengyao Li, and Xiaofei Sheng
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Precipitation (chemistry), Magnesium, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, Nucleation, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, Stress relaxation, engineering, Ingot, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Microalloying is an effective method to improve the comprehensive properties of copper alloys. The effects of magnesium on the microstructure, mechanical properties and anti-stress relaxation properties of CuNiSi alloys have been investigated. Results demonstrated that magnesium plays significant roles in refining the dendritic microstructure of the as-cast ingot, accelerating the precipitation decomposition, improving the mechanical properties and increasing the anti-stress relaxation properties. The incremental strength increase is due to the Orowan strengthening from the nanoscale Ni2Si and Ni3Al precipitates. As compared with the Cu–6.0Ni–1.0Si–0.5Al (wt%) alloy, the ultimate tensile strength of the designed Cu–6.0Ni–1.0Si–0.5Al–0.15Mg (wt%) alloy increases from 983.9 to 1095.7 MPa, and the electrical conductivity decreases from 27.1 to 26.6% IACS, respectively. The stress relaxation rates of the designed Cu–6.0Ni–1.0Si–0.5Al–0.15Mg alloy are 4.05% at 25 °C, 6.62% at 100 °C and 9.74% at 200 °C after having been loaded for 100 h, respectively. Magnesium significantly promotes nucleation during precipitation and maintains small precipitate size.
Published: 2019

45. Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress

Author: Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Imran Khan, Zeng Weihang, Muhammad Ali Raza, Geng Wan, Zhou Li, Yongqun Zhu, Yan Peng, and Muhammad Jawad Hassan
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, hormonal regulation, Drought tolerance, Priming (agriculture), Plant Science, drought, oxidative damage, Biology, 01 natural sciences, SB1-1110, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, dehydrin accumulation, Proline, Abscisic acid, 030304 developmental biology, Original Research, 0303 health sciences, fungi, Plant culture, food and beverages, osmotic adjustment, Horticulture, antioxidants, chemistry, Germination, Shoot, Cytokinin, Gibberellin, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Drought is a serious outcome of climate change reducing the productivity of forage species under arid and semi-arid conditions worldwide. Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), a novel plant growth regulator, has proven to be involved in the amelioration of critical physiological functions in many agricultural crops under various abiotic stresses, but the role of the DA-6 in improving seed germination has never been investigated under drought stress. The present study was carried out to elucidate the impact of the DA-6 priming on seeds germination of white clover under drought stress. Results showed that seed priming with the DA-6 significantly mitigated the drought-induced reduction in germination percentage, germination vigor, germination index, seed vigor index, root length, shoot length, and fresh weight after 7 days of seed germination. The DA-6 significantly increased the endogenous indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellin, and cytokinin content with marked reduction in abscisic acid content in seedlings under drought stress. In addition, the DA-6 significantly accelerated starch catabolism by enhancing the activities of hydrolases contributing toward enhanced soluble sugars, proline content and ameliorated the antioxidant defense system to enhance the ability of reactive oxygen species scavenging under drought stress. Furthermore, exogenous DA-6 application significantly increased dehydrins accumulation and upregulated transcript levels of genes encoding dehydrins (SK2, Y2SK, or DHNb) during seeds germination under water deficient condition. These findings suggested that the DA-6 mediated seeds germination and drought tolerance associated with changes in endogenous phytohormones resulting in increased starch degradation, osmotic adjustment, antioxidants activity, and dehydrins accumulation during seed germination under water deficient condition.
Published: 2021

46. Alterations of Endogenous Hormones, Antioxidant Metabolism, and Aquaporin Gene Expression in Relation to γ-Aminobutyric Acid-Regulated Thermotolerance in White Clover

Author: Xinquan Zhang, Hongyin Qi, Zeng Weihang, Yan Zhang, Muhammad Jawad Hassan, Dingfan Kang, Guangyan Feng, Zhou Li, and Yan Peng
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Antioxidant, Physiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Clinical Biochemistry, hormone, Endogeny, RM1-950, oxidative damage, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Article, transpiration, Superoxide dismutase, heat stress, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Molecular Biology, Abscisic acid, chemistry.chemical_classification, stoma, Reactive oxygen species, Water transport, biology, Chemistry, adaptability, food and beverages, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Catalase, biology.protein, Trifolium repens, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, water homeostasis, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Persistent high temperature decreases the yield and quality of crops, including many important herbs. White clover (Trifolium repens) is a perennial herb with high feeding and medicinal value, but is sensitive to temperatures above 30 °C. The present study was conducted to elucidate the impact of changes in endogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level by exogenous GABA pretreatment on heat tolerance of white clover, associated with alterations in endogenous hormones, antioxidant metabolism, and aquaporin-related gene expression in root and leaf of white clover plants under high-temperature stress. Our results reveal that improvement in endogenous GABA level in leaf and root by GABA pretreatment could significantly alleviate the damage to white clover during high-temperature stress, as demonstrated by enhancements in cell membrane stability, photosynthetic capacity, and osmotic adjustment ability, as well as lower oxidative damage and chlorophyll loss. The GABA significantly enhanced gene expression and enzyme activities involved in antioxidant defense, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and key enzymes of the ascorbic acid–glutathione cycle, thus reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the oxidative injury to membrane lipids and proteins. The GABA also increased endogenous indole-3-acetic acid content in roots and leaves and cytokinin content in leaves, associated with growth maintenance and reduced leaf senescence under heat stress. The GABA significantly upregulated the expression of PIP1-1 and PIP2-7 in leaves and the TIP2-1 expression in leaves and roots under high temperature, and also alleviated the heat-induced inhibition of PIP1-1, PIP2-2, TIP2-2, and NIP1-2 expression in roots, which could help to improve the water transportation and homeostasis from roots to leaves. In addition, the GABA-induced aquaporins expression and decline in endogenous abscisic acid level could improve the heat dissipation capacity through maintaining higher stomatal opening and transpiration in white clovers under high-temperature stress.
Published: 2021

47. What to expect from dynamical modelling of cluster haloes I. The information content of different dynamical tracers

Author: Jiaxin Han, Zhao-Zhou Li, Qingyang Li, Wenting Wang, Weiguang Cui, and Xiaohu Yang
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Virial mass, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, law.invention, Gravitational potential, Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Satellite galaxy, Halo, Hydrostatic equilibrium, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Using hydrodynamical simulations, we study how well the underlying gravitational potential of a galaxy cluster can be modelled dynamically with different types of tracers. In order to segregate different systematics and the effects of varying estimator performances, we first focus on applying a generic minimal assumption method (oPDF) to model the simulated haloes using the full 6-D phasespace information. We show that the halo mass and concentration can be recovered in an ensemble unbiased way, with a stochastic bias that varies from halo to halo, mostly reflecting deviations from steady state in the tracer distribution. The typical systematic uncertainty is $\sim 0.17$ dex in the virial mass and $\sim 0.17$ dex in the concentration as well when dark matter particles are used as tracers. The dynamical state of satellite galaxies are close to that of dark matter particles, while intracluster stars are less in a steady state, resulting in a $\sim$ 0.26 dex systematic uncertainty in mass. Compared with galactic haloes hosting Milky-Way-like galaxies, cluster haloes show a larger stochastic bias in the recovered mass profiles. We also test the accuracy of using intracluster gas as a dynamical tracer modelled through a generalised hydrostatic equilibrium equation, and find a comparable systematic uncertainty in the estimated mass to that using dark matter. Lastly, we demonstrate that our conclusions are largely applicable to other steady-state dynamical models including the spherical Jeans equation, by quantitatively segregating their statistical efficiencies and robustness to systematics. We also estimate the limiting number of tracers that leads to the systematics-dominated regime in each case., 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2021

48. Helicity basis for three-dimensional conformal field theory

Author: Simon Caron-Huot and Yue-Zhou Li
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Conformal Field Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Conformal field theory, Cauchy stress tensor, FOS: Physical sciences, Conformal map, QC770-798, AdS-CFT Correspondence, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, AdS/CFT correspondence, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Conformal symmetry, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 0103 physical sciences, Tensor, Helicity basis, Scattering Amplitudes, 010306 general physics, Mathematical physics
Abstract: Three-point correlators of spinning operators admit multiple tensor structures compatible with conformal symmetry. For conserved currents in three dimensions, we point out that helicity commutes with conformal transformations and we use this to construct three-point structures which diagonalize helicity. In this helicity basis, OPE data is found to be diagonal for mean-field correlators of conserved currents and stress tensor. Furthermore, we use Lorentzian inversion formula to obtain anomalous dimensions for conserved currents at bulk tree-level order in holographic theories, which we compare with corresponding flat-space gluon scattering amplitudes., 37+23 pages, 5 figures. Typos fixed, published version
Published: 2021

49. An Ultra-Simple Charge Supplementary Strategy for High Performance Rotary Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Author: Yizhu Shan, Lei Qiao, Zhe Li, Hongqing Feng, Shengyu Chao, Zhuo Liu, Xuecheng Qu, Xi Han, Engui Wang, Yu Cao, Ruizeng Luo, Zhou Li, and Yuan Bai
Subjects: Atmospheric cold plasma, Materials science, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Charge (physics), High voltage, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Plasma, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Durability, 0104 chemical sciences, Biomaterials, Simple (abstract algebra), Nanotechnology, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, business, Triboelectric effect, Biotechnology, Voltage
Abstract: Free-standing rotary triboelectric nanogenerators (rTENG) can accomplish special tasks which require both high voltage and high frequency. However, the reported high performance rTENG all have complex structures for output enhancement. In this work, an ultra-simple strategy to build high performance rTENG is developed. With only one small paper strip added to the conventional structure, the output of the TENG is promoted hugely. The voltage is triplicated to 2.3 kV, and the current and charge are quintupled to 133 µA and 197 nC, respectively. The small paper strip, with the merits of ultra-simplicity, wide availability, easy accessibility and low cost, functions as a super-effective charge supplement. This simple and delicate structure enables ultra-high durability with the 2.3 kV voltage output 100% maintained after 1 000 000 cycles. This charge supplementary strategy is universally effective for many other materials, and decouples the output enhancement from any friction or contact on the metal electrodes, emphasizing a critical working principle for the rTENG. Atmospheric cold plasma is generated using the paper strip rTENG (ps-rTENG), which demonstrates strong ability to do bacteria sterilization. This simple and persistent charge supplementary strategy can be easily adopted by other designs to promote the output even further.
Published: 2021

50. The scale effect in China's power grid sector from the perspective of malmquist total factor productivity analysis

Author: Hong-Zhou Li, Kang-Kang Ni, Bai-Chen Xie, Eoghan O'Neill, and Econometrics
Subjects: Returns to scale, Sociology and Political Science, Scale (ratio), Restructuring, business.industry, 020209 energy, Distribution (economics), 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Development, Grid, 01 natural sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Econometrics, Economics, Business and International Management, China, business, Total factor productivity, Malmquist index, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: China's power grid sector, which combines transmission and distribution, has grown rapidly after the restructuring reform in 2002. We evaluate the scale effect in the sector by employing a parametric Malmquist index based on a heteroscedastic true fixed-effects stochastic frontier model to estimate technical efficiency and total factor productivity for China's 30 grid companies from 2002 to 2017. The results show that there exists a scale effect. Most companies exhibit increasing returns to scale, total factor productivity experiences a significant growth driven by scale expansion. Companies with different scales should take differentiated actions to meet the challenges of market-oriented reform.
Published: 2021

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