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131 results on '"Università degli Studi di Trento"'

1. Feedback modulates the temporal scale-free dynamics of brain electrical activity in a hypothesis testing task

Author

Pierre-Marie Baudonnière, David Papo, C. van Vreeswijk, Marco Buiatti, Centre de neurophysique, physiologie, pathologie (UMR 8119), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuroimagerie cognitive (LCogn), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Functional NeuroImaging Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Sourasky Medical Center, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University (TAU), Neurosciences cognitives et imagerie cérébrale (NCIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Mind/Brain Sciences-Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università di Trento - Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
Male, Eye Movements, Brain activity and meditation, MESH : Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, 01 natural sciences, Task (project management), Mental Processes, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Eye Movements, MESH : Feedback, hypothesis testing, MESH : Female, EEG, MESH : Algorithms, MESH: Mental Processes, detrended fluctuation analysis, MESH: Electrophysiology, medicine.diagnostic_test, MESH: Feedback, General Neuroscience, scaling, Brain, MESH : Adult, Electrophysiology, MESH: Photic Stimulation, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, Algorithms, Adult, MESH : Mental Processes, MESH : Male, MESH: Algorithms, MESH: Psychomotor Performance, NO, Feedback, MESH: Brain, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH : Electrophysiology, Negative feedback, MESH: Electroencephalography, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH : Electroencephalography, 010306 general physics, Positive feedback, Statistical hypothesis testing, MESH : Eye Movements, Communication, Neural correlates of consciousness, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Humans, MESH: Adult, MESH : Psychomotor Performance, MESH: Male, MESH : Brain, Detrended fluctuation analysis, ongoing brain activity, business, MESH: Female, Neuroscience, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

We used the electroencephalogram (EEG) to investigate whether positive and negative performance feedbacks exert different long-lasting modulations of electrical activity in a reasoning task. Nine college students serially tested hypotheses concerning a hidden rule by judging its presence or absence in triplets of digits, and revised them on the basis of an exogenous performance feedback. The scaling properties of the transition period between feedback and triplet presentation were investigated with detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). DFA showed temporal scale-free dynamics of EEG activity in both feedback conditions for time scales larger than 150 ms. Furthermore, DFA revealed that negative feedback elicits significantly higher scaling exponents than positive feedback. This effect covers a wide network comprising parieto-occipital and left frontal regions. We thus showed that specific task demands can modify the temporal scale-free dynamics of the ongoing brain activity. Putative neural correlates of these long-lasting feedback-specific modulations are proposed.

Published
2007
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2. Integrated optical amplifiers and microspherical lasers based on erbium-doped oxide glasses

Author

Adolfo Speghini, Alessandro Chiasera, Massimo Brenci, Marco Bettinelli, Maurizio Montagna, Maurizio Ferrari, Stefano Pelli, L. Zampedri, Patrice Féron, Cristina Siligardi, Giancarlo C. Righini, Simone Berneschi, Carole Arnaud, G. Nunzi Conti, Herve Portales, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica (DEIS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico (DST), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Dipartimento di Ingegneria dei Materiali e dell'Ambiente (DIMA), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, University of Verona (UNIVR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), and Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE)

Subjects
Nonlinear optics, Materials science, Fabrication, Photoluminescence, Optical fiber, Coupled modes theory, Erbium doped glasses, Er3+-doped glass, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, Erbium, silica glass, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, optical amplifier, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Micro-resonator, 010302 applied physics, Optical amplifier, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], optical amplifiers, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, PACS: 42.70.Ce, 42.82.Et, 78.66.Jg, 82.65.F, Integrated optics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Er doped glass, chemistry, microsphere, Bistability, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

published in " Optical Materials ", special issue " Selected Papers of the Second International Workshop on Photonic and Electronic Materials ", topic " Photonic materials "; International audience; Er3+ -doped glasses have been a subject of great interest in the recent years for their application in the areas of guided wave optical amplifiers and lasers. Oxide-glass matrices, in particular, offer the advantage of relatively simple fabrication processes--both for bulk glasses and optical fibers--and have demonstrated quite good properties in the 1.5 µm wavelength band. Here we present some results we have obtained in the development of different silica-based glasses and in their application to the production of integrated optical amplifiers and microspherical lasers. As to the former application, two classes of silica glasses have been produced and investigated, namely a melted soda-lime-alumino-silicate glass and a sol-gel silica-hafnia glass. Both of them exhibit a wide emission bandwidth and seem quite promising for broadband optical amplifiers. We also demonstrated low-threshold microlasers, based on whispering gallery mode spherical resonators, fabricated in different oxide glasses.

Published
2005
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3. Photonic properties and applications of glass micro- and nanospheres

Author

Franco Cosi, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Maurizio Ferrari, Silvia Soria, Alessandro Chiasera, Enrico Moser, Yoann Jestin, Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Feron, Cristina Armellini, Stefano Pelli, Andrea Chiappini, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Photoluminescence, Core-shell-like structures, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Phosphate glass, 010309 optics, Erbium, PACS: 42.55.Sa, 42.70.Hj, 78.55.Qr, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 82.70.Dd, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Sol-gel, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Doping, Surfaces and Interfaces, Whispering gallery mode, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Emission quantum efficiency, Quantum efficiency, Micro- and Nano-spheres, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, Lasing threshold
Abstract

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons (ISSN 1862-6300); International audience; Fabrication, morphological and spectroscopic assessment of micro- and nano-spheres are reported. Spheres with size ranging from few hundreds of nm to few hundreds of μm have been prepared by different methods, i.e. sol–gel, melting and core-shell techniques. Pure and rare-earth-doped spheres find their major applications as micro-sensors and micro-lasers, respectively. We refer here to Erbium-activated systems only: (i) coated micro spheres where the silica core, obtained by telecom fibre melting, is coated with an Er3+–70SiO2–30HfO2 film; (ii) Er3+-activated micro-spheres obtained from silicate modified glasses and phosphate glasses using a plasma-torch; (iii) sol–gel Er3+-doped silica micro- and nano-spheres. The whispering gallery mode spectra were analysed as a function of sphere diameter, thickness of coating (if any) and Erbium content. Photoluminescence spectra of different systems gave interesting indications on the potential of some activated micro-spheres for lasing applications. For instance, sol–gel Er3+-activated core-shell-like structures exhibited a lifetime of 12.8 ms, leading to a quantum efficiency (QE) of 71%. Even higher QE (~76%) was estimated in sol–gel Er3+- silica spheres.

Published
2009
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4. Er3+ - activated photonic structures fabricated by sol-gel and rf-sputtering techniques

Author

Ferrari, M.a, Alombert-Goget, G.a, Armellini, C.a, Berneschi, S.b, Bhaktha, S.N.B.ac, Boulard, B.d, Brenci, M.b, Chiappini, A.a, Chiasera, Duverger-Arfuso, C.d, Féron, P.e, Gonçalves, R.R.f, Jestin, Y.a, Minati, L.g, Moser, E.c, Nunzi Conti, Pelli, Rao, D.N.h, Retoux, R.i, Righini, G.C.b, Speranza, G.g, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Departamento de Quimica, Universitade de São Paulo, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Ali Serpenguzel, Gonçal Badenes, Giancarlo C. Righini, Collaboration : umr6082, CNR-IFN Trento, CNR-IFAC, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Optical fiber, Fabrication, Er3+-activated silica-based glasses, 02 engineering and technology, sol-gel route, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, Optics, law, SiO2-GeO2, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Photonic crystal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Photonic integrated circuit, Metamaterial, Sputter deposition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, SiO2-HfO2, rf sputtering, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

conference 7366 « Photonic Materials, Devices, and Applications », Session: 3B « Nanophotonics II » [7366-13], http://spie.org/microtechnologies-new-millennium.xml; International audience; The realization of photonic structures operating at visible and near infrared frequencies is a highly attractive scientific and technological challenge. Since optical fiber innovation, a huge of activity has been performed leading to interesting results, such as optical waveguides and planar lightwave circuits, microphotonic devices, optical microcavities, nanowires, plasmonic structures, and photonic crystals. These systems have opened new possibilities in the field of both basic and applied physics, in a large area covering Information Communication Technologies, Health and Biology, Structural Engineering, and Environment Monitoring Systems. Several materials and techniques are employed to successfully fabricate photonic structures. Concerning materials, Er3+-activated silica-based glasses still play an important role, although recently interesting results have been published about fluoride glass-ceramic waveguides. As far as regards the fabrication methods sol-gel route and rf sputtering have proved to be versatile and reliable techniques. In this article we will present a review of some Er3+-activated photonic structures fabricated by sol gel route and rf sputtering deposition. In the discussion on the sol-gel approach we focus our attention on the silica-hafnia binary system presenting an overview concerning fabrication protocols and structural, optical and spectroscopic assessment of SiO2-HfO2 waveguides activated by Er3+ ions. In order to put in evidence the reliability and versatility of the sol-gel route for photonics applications four different confined structures are briefly presented: amorphous waveguides, coated microspheres, monolithic waveguide laser, and core-shell nanospheres. As examples of rf sputtering technique, we will discuss Er3+-activated silica-hafnia and silica-germania waveguides, the latter system allowing fabrication of integrated optics structures by UV photo-imprinting. Finally, two examples of photonic crystal structures, one prepared by sol-gel process and the other one fabricated by rf sputtering deposition, will be illustrated.

Published
2009
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5. SiO2-SnO2 glass-ceramic planar waveguides activated by rare earth ions

Author

Giancarlo C. Righini, Bruno Capoen, Yoann Jestin, Christophe Kinowski, S. N. B. Bhaktha, A. Chiappini, Cristina Armellini, Alessandro Chiasera, M. Bouazaoui, D. N. Rao, F. Beclin, Enrico Moser, Maurizio Ferrari, Sylvia Turrell, CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire de structures et propriétés de l'état solide - UMR 8008 (LSPES), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory [Tirupati] (NARL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory [Tirupathi] (NARL), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Physics Department, Povo-trento, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications (CERLA), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Department of Materials and Devices, and CNR, Roma

Subjects
optical properties, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Ion, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ceramic, europium, Sol-gel, 010302 applied physics, Glass-ceramic, Doping, Silicate, glass-ceramic, Tin-oxide, waveguides, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nanocrystal, chemistry, FTIR, 13. Climate action, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, TEM, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], photoluminescence, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], excitation spectra, 0210 nano-technology, Europium
Abstract

Eu3+ doped (100-x) SiO2 - x SnO2 (x = 8, 16 and 25 mol %) glass-ceramic waveguides were fabricated by sol-gel technique with dip-coating processing at 800 °C. Higher thermal treatments led to the formation and growth of SnO2 nanocrystals in the matrix, enhancing the 5D0 → 7F2 emission of Eu3+. Spectroscopic investigations reveal the evolution of a centro-symmetric local environment around the Eu3+ ion. This property of glass-ceramic waveguides can be exploited for obtaining a higher rare-earth concentration in a smaller volume. The glass-ceramic waveguides exhibited low-losses (0.8 ± 0.2 dB/cm at 632.8 nm) and thus are promising for the development of high-gain integrated optical amplifiers

Published
2009
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6. Er3+-doped silica-hafnia films for optical waveguides and spherical resonators

Author

Giorgio Speranza, G. Nunzi Conti, Cristina Armellini, Andrea Chiappini, Alessandro Chiasera, R. Retoux, Stefano Pelli, Enrico Moser, Giancarlo C. Righini, Simone Berneschi, Rogéria Rocha Gonçalves, Yoann Jestin, Patrice Féron, Mariano Ferrari, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Dipartimento Materiali e Dispositivi (DMD CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica - CSMFO group, Departamento de Quimica, Universitade de São Paulo, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CNRS UMR 6082 / CNR-IFN Trento et CNR-IFAC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Universitade de São Paul, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)

Subjects
Infrared properties, Planar waveguides, Materials science, Fabrication, Sol-gel processing, Luminescence, Films and coatings, Glass ceramics, Optical spectroscopy, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, Sol–gel, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, PACS: 42.70.−a, 42.60.Da, 42.79.Gn, 64.70.ph, 76.30.Kg, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 81.05.Pj, Optics, Rare-earth ions, 0103 physical sciences, Rare-earths in glasses, Materials Chemistry, Fiber, Ceramic, PACS: 42.70.-a, 42.60.Da, 42.79.Gn, 64.70.ph, 76.30.Kg, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 81.05.Pj, Thin film, Sol-gel, 010302 applied physics, Nanocrystals and nanoparticles, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], biology, business.industry, Silicates, Silica, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Hafnia, biology.organism_classification, aerogel and solution chemistry, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Core (optical fiber), Optical waveguides, visual_art, Optical materials, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

The silica-hafnia glass system has proved to be highly suitable for photonic applications. The refractive index can be tailored in a wide range by appropriate composition, due to the high refractive index of HfO2. Moreover, its transparency is optimal in both visible and NIR range. Here we report on fabrication, morphological and spectroscopic assessment of Er3+-activated planar waveguides and glass ceramic waveguides. Results concerning silica microspheres coated by silica-hafnia film are presented as well. In the case of planar waveguides comparison with other binary systems, in particular SiO2-TiO2, is considered, and concentration quenching and energy transfer processes are discussed. Two examples of silicahafnia-derived waveguiding glass ceramics, prepared by top-down and bottom-up techniques are reported, and the main optical properties are discussed. Finally, some properties of activated microspherical resonators, having a silica core, obtained by melting the end of a telecom fiber, coated with an Er3+-doped 70SiO2-30HfO2 film, are presented.

Published
2008
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7. Fabrication and spectroscopic properties of glass-based erbium activated micro-nano photonic structures

Author

Maurizio Ferrari, Claire Duverger Arfuso, Brigitte Boulard, Patrice Féron, S.N.B. Bhaktha, E. Moser, Giorgio Speranza, A. Chiappini, Stefano Pelli, Giancarlo C. Righini, Yoann Jestin, Cristina Armellini, Alessandro Chiasera, Luca Minati, G. Nunzi Conti, Pham Thanh Huy, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), IEEE, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), and Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica

Subjects
Fabrication, Materials science, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Science::Computational Geometry, Waveguiding glass ceramics, 01 natural sciences, Erbium, chemistry.chemical_compound, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, 1-D photonic crystal, Ceramic, Core-shell silica spheres, Rf-sputtering, Sol-gel, Photonic crystal, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Characterization (materials science), chemistry, visual_art, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

session Th.A3 « Novel Glasses II » [Th.A3.2], http://www.ait.gr/ICTON/; International audience; This paper presents optical and spectroscopic assessment, as well as morphological and structural characterization of nanoscaled photonic structures: (i) rare earth-activated oxide and fluoride glass ceramics planar waveguides; (ii) Er3+-activated micro-nano silica spheres and core-shell-like structures; (iii) rf sputteringfabricated planar microcavities

Published
2008
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8. Erbium-activated silica-hafnia: a reliable photonic system

Author

S.N.B. Bhaktha, Giorgio Speranza, Guillaume Alombert-Goget, T.N. Khiem, Roberto Osellame, Alessandro Chiasera, Luca Minati, Maurizio Ferrari, Stefano Pelli, K. C. Vishnubhatla, Cristina Armellini, A. Chiappini, C. Duverger-Arfuso, Brigitte Boulard, Roberta Ramponi, André Monteil, G. Nunzi Conti, Enrico Moser, D. N. Rao, Alexander Quandt, Pham Thanh Huy, Rogéria Rocha Gonçalves, Yoann Jestin, Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Féron, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), IEEE, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Chemistry [University of São Paulo] | Instituto de Química [Universidade de São Paulo], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), and University of São Paulo (USP)

Subjects
Fabrication, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, law.invention, Erbium, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 010306 general physics, Glass-ceramics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Sol-gel, Glass-ceramic, biology, business.industry, Doping, Hafnia, biology.organism_classification, Amorphous solid, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, chemistry, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Photonics, business, Waveguide, Waveguides
Abstract

Workshop on Advanced Materials and Photonics Application; International audience; Sol gel-derived silica-hafnia is a reliable and flexible binary system that has proved to be suitable for rare earth doping and fabrication of amorphous and glass ceramic planar waveguides as well as for improving thermal stability of spherical microresonators. Here we present an overview concerning fabrication protocols and structural, optical and spectroscopic assessment of SiO2-HfO2 waveguides activated with Er3+ ions. In order to put in evidence the reliability and versatility of the silica-hafnia system for photonics applications three different confined structures are briefly presented: i) amorphous waveguides; ii) glass-ceramic waveguides; iii) coated microspheres

Published
2008
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9. Position- and momentum-space two-body correlations in a weakly interacting trapped condensate

Author

Salvatore Butera, David Clément, Iacopo Carusotto, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Gaz Quantiques, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), BEC-INFM, and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Quantum Physics, Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, FOS: Physical sciences, Inverse, Position and momentum space, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Momentum, Laser linewidth, Amplitude, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Position (vector), Quantum electrodynamics, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, 010306 general physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], QC
Abstract

We investigate the position- and momentum-space two--body correlations in a weakly interacting, harmonically trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensed gas at low temperatures. The two-body correlations are computed within the Bogoliubov approximation and the peculiarities of the trapped gas are highlighted in contrast to the spatially homogeneous case. In the position space, we recover the anti-bunching induced by the repulsive inter-atomic interaction in the condensed fraction localized around the trap center and the bunching in the outer thermal cloud. In the momentum space, bunching signatures appear for either equal or opposite values of the momentum and display peculiar features as a function of the momentum and the temperature. In analogy to the optical Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, the amplitude of the bunching signal at close-by momenta is fixed by the chaotic nature of the matter field state and its linewidth is shown to be set by the (inverse of the) finite spatial size of the associated in-trap momentum components. In contrast, the linewidth of the bunching signal at opposite-momenta is only determined by the condensate size., 13 pages, 6 figures

Published
2021
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10. van der Waals driven anharmonic melting of the 3D charge density wave in $VSe_{2}$

Author

Sanjoy K. Mahatha, Kai Rossnagel, Santiago Blanco-Canosa, Josu Diego, Francesco Mauri, Lorenzo Monacelli, Raffaello Bianco, Ayman Said, Matteo Calandra, Ion Errea, Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CFM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC (SPAIN), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)-University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Department of Energy (US), European Commission, and Argonne National Laboratory (US)

Subjects
Electronic properties and materials, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, CDW, 02 engineering and technology, Soft modes, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, symbols.namesake, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Wave vector, 010306 general physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Superconductivity, Multidisciplinary, Condensed matter physics, Scattering, Anharmonicity, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Brillouin zone, Phase transitions and critical phenomena, symbols, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, ddc:500, van der Waals force, 0210 nano-technology, Charge density wave
Abstract

Nature Communications 12(1), 598 (1-7) (2021). doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20829-2, Understanding of charge-density wave (CDW) phases is a main challenge in condensed matter due to their presence in high-Tc superconductors or transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Among TMDs, the origin of the CDW in VSe$_2$ remains highly debated. Here, by means of inelastic x-ray scattering and first-principles calculations, we show that the CDW transition is driven by the collapse at 110 K of an acoustic mode at q$_{CDW}$ = (2.25 0 0.7) r.l.u. The softening starts below 225 K and expands over a wide region of the Brillouin zone, identifying the electron-phonon interaction as the driving force of the CDW. This is supported by our calculations that determine a large momentum-dependence of the electron-phonon matrix-elements that peak at the CDW wave vector. Our first-principles anharmonic calculations reproduce the temperature dependence of the soft mode and the T$_{CDW}$ onset only when considering the out-of-plane van der Waals interactions, which reveal crucial for the melting of the CDW phase., Published by Nature Publishing Group UK, [London]

Published
2021
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11. Experimental and Computational Studies on the Reactivity of Methanimine Radical Cation (H2CNH+•) and its Isomer Aminomethylene (HCNH2+•) With C2H2

Author

Vincent Richardson, Daniela Ascenzi, David Sundelin, Christian Alcaraz, Claire Romanzin, Roland Thissen, Jean-Claude Guillemin, Miroslav Polášek, Paolo Tosi, Jan Žabka, Wolf D. Geppert, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Stockholm University, Institut de Chimie Physique (ICP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (HIPC / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Reaction mechanism, vinyl cyanide, Nitrile, Astronomy, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, QB1-991, Protonation, Photoionization, Methylene imine, 010402 general chemistry, rate constant, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, chemistry.chemical_compound, ion-molecule reactions, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, Computational chemistry, Physics - Chemical Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Reactivity (chemistry), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), ISM, Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph), Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), QC801-809, Methylene imine, acrylonitrile, vinyl cyanide, rate constant, cross sections, Titan, ISM, ion-molecule reactions, cross sections, Astronomy and Astrophysics, acrylonitrile, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Acetylene, chemistry, Radical ion, 13. Climate action, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), methylene imine, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Titan, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Experimental and theoretical studies are presented on the reactivity of the radical cation isomers methanimine and aminomethylene with ethyne. Selective isomer generation is performed via dissociative photoionization of suitable neutral precursors and via direct photoionization of methanimine. Reactive cross sections and product branching ratios are measured as a function of photon and collision energies. Results are discussed in light of ab initio calculations of reaction mechanisms. The major channels, for both isomers, are due to H atom elimination from covalently bound adducts to give [C3NH4]+. Theoretical calculations show that while for the reaction of aminomethylene with acetylene any of the three lowest energy [C3NH4]+ isomers can form via barrierless and exothermic pathways, for the methanimine reagent the only barrierless pathway is the one leading to the production of protonated vinyl cyanide (CH2CHCNH+), a prototypical branched nitrile species that has been proposed as a likely intermediate in star forming regions and in the atmosphere of Titan. The astrochemical implications of the results are briefly addressed., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, 2 Tables. Supplementary material available at Publisher's site

Published
2021
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12. Experimental full wavefield reconstruction and band diagram analysis in a single-phase phononic plate with internal resonators

Author

Diego Misseroni, Wieslaw Ostachowicz, Marco Miniaci, Federico Bosia, Antonio Gliozzi, Maciej Radzieński, Nicola M. Pugno, Pawel Kudela, Matteo Mazzotti, Nesrine Kherraz, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery [Gdańsk] (IMP), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), University of Colorado [Boulder], Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Acoustique - IEMN (ACOUSTIQUE - IEMN), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)

Subjects
Materials science, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Band gap, Wave propagation, Acoustics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Experimental Full Wavefield Reconstruction, Crystal, Resonator, Matrix (mathematics), 0203 mechanical engineering, Wavenumber-Frequency Analysis, Elastic wave propagation, 0103 physical sciences, Band diagram, Experimental full wavefield reconstruction, 010301 acoustics, Parametric statistics, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], 36 Experimental Full Waveeld Reconstruction, Elastic Wave Propagation, Mechanical Engineering, Phononic crystals, Elastic metamaterials, Elastic wave propagation, Experimental full wavefield reconstruction, Wavenumber-frequency analysis, Metamaterial, Condensed Matter Physics, Wavenumber-frequency analysis, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Phononic Crystals, Elastic Metamaterials, Mechanics of Materials, Phononic crystals, Elastic metamaterials
Abstract

International audience; Research on phononic crystal architectures has produced many interesting designs in the past years, with useful wave manipulation properties. However, not all of the proposed designs can lead to convenient realizations for practical applications, and only a limited number of them have actually been tested experimentally to verify numerical estimations and demonstrate their feasibility. In this work, we propose a combined numerical-experimental procedure to characterize the dynamic behavior of metamaterials, starting from a simplified 2D design to a real 3D manufactured structure. To do this, we consider a new design of a resonator-type geometry for a phononic crystal, and verify its wave filtering properties in wave propagation experiments. The proposed geometry exploits a circular distribution of cavities in a homogeneous material, leading to a central resonator surrounded by thin ligaments and an external matrix. Parametric simulations are performed to determine the optimal thickness of this design, leading to a large full band gap in the kHz range. Full-field experimental characterization of the resulting phononic crystal using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer is then performed, showing excellent agreement with numerically predicted band gap properties and with their resulting effects on propagating waves. The outlined procedure can serve as a useful step towards a standardization of metamaterial development and validation procedures.

Published
2021
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13. Hanbury Brown and Twiss bunching of phonons and of the quantum depletion in an interacting Bose gas

Author

Hugo Cayla, Salvatore Butera, Gaétan Hercé, David Clément, Iacopo Carusotto, Antoine Tenart, Marco Mancini, Alain Aspect, Cécile Carcy, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Gaz Quantiques, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK, BEC-INFM, and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)

Subjects
Hanbury-brown twiss, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Optical lattice, Bose gas, Phonon, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, cold atoms, 01 natural sciences, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Quantum state, 0103 physical sciences, Quasiparticle, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, 010306 general physics, Quantum statistical mechanics, Nuclear Experiment, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], Quantum, Boson
Abstract

We report the realisation of a Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT)-like experiment with a gas of strongly interacting bosons at low temperatures. The regime of large interactions and low temperatures is reached in a three-dimensional optical lattice and atom-atom correlations are extracted from the detection of individual metastable Helium atoms after a long free-fall. We observe a HBT bunching in the non-condensed fraction of the gas whose properties strongly deviate from the HBT signals expected for non-interacting bosons. In addition, we show that the measured correlations reflect the peculiar quantum statistics of atoms belonging to the quantum depletion and of the Bogoliubov phonons, i.e., of collective excitations of the many-body quantum state. Our results demonstrate that atom-atom correlations provide information about the quantum state of strongly-interacting particles, extending the interest of HBT-like experiments beyond the case of non-interacting particles., 10 pages, 7 figures

Published
2020
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14. The Internet of Audio Things: state-of-the-art, vision, and challenges

Author

György Fazekas, Mathieu Lagrange, Luca Turchet, Carlo Fischione, Hossein S. Ghadikolaei, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ANR-16-CE22-0012,CENSE,Caractérisation des environnements sonores urbains : vers une approche globale associant données libres, mesures et modélisations(2016), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
Computer science, Interoperability, 02 engineering and technology, Representation (arts), Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering, sensors, internet of audio things (ioaut), computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Ecoacoustics, Field (computer science), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], semantic web, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Elektroteknik och elektronik, 010301 acoustics, accuracy, Multimedia, [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], Computer Science Applications, machine learning, classification, Internet of Audio Things, Hardware and Architecture, targets, The Internet, ecosystems, Internet of Things, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Information Systems, source localization, auditory scene analysis, Computer Networks and Communications, Auditory Scenes Analysis, Internet of Sounds, system, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Smart city, 0103 physical sciences, Wireless, music, time synchronization, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, internet of things, Information and Communications Technology, network, Signal Processing, Smart City, production, State (computer science), business, computer
Abstract

International audience; The Internet of Audio Things (IoAuT) is an emerging research field positioned at the intersection of the Internet of Things, sound and music computing, artificial intelligence, and human-computer interaction. The IoAuT refers to the networks of computing devices embedded in physical objects (Audio Things) dedicated to the production, reception, analysis and understanding of audio in distributed environments. Audio Things, such as nodes of wireless acoustic sensor networks, are connected by an infrastructure that enables multidirectional communication, both locally and remotely. In this paper, we first review the state of the art of this field, then we present a vision for the IoAuT and its motivations. In the proposed vision, the IoAuT enables the connection of digital and physical domains by means of appropriate information and communication technologies, fostering novel applications and services based on auditory information. The ecosystems associated with the IoAuT include interoperable devices and services that connect humans and machines to support human-human and human-machines interactions. We discuss challenges and implications of this field, which lead to future research directions on the topics of privacy, security, design of Audio Things, and methods for the analysis and representation of audio-related information.

Published
2020
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15. Excitons bound by photon exchange

Author

Simone De Liberato, Ngoc-Linh Tran, Raffaele Colombelli, Giorgio Biasiol, Erika Cortese, Adel Bousseksou, Jean-Michel Manceau, Iacopo Carusotto, School of Physics and Astronomy [Southampton], University of Southampton, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BEC-INFM, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratorio Nazionale TASC, and CNR-INFM

Subjects
Photon, Exciton, quantum material engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Bound state, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, Quantum, Quantum well, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter::Other, Light-matter coupling, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Charged particle, doped quantum wells, Atomic physics, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract

In contrast to interband excitons in undoped quantum wells, doped quantum wells do not display sharp resonances due to excitonic bound states. In these systems the effective Coulomb interaction between electrons and holes typically only leads to a depolarization shift of the single-electron intersubband transitions. Non-perturbative light-matter interaction in solid-state devices has been investigated as a pathway to tune optoelectronic properties of materials. A recent theoretical work [Cortese et al., Optica 6, 354 (2019)] predicted that, when the doped quantum wells are embedded in a photonic cavity, emission-reabsorption processes of cavity photons can generate an effective attractive interaction which binds electrons and holes together, leading to the creation of an intraband bound exciton. Spectroscopically, this bound state manifests itself as a novel discrete resonance which appears below the ionisation threshold only when the coupling between light and matter is increased above a critical value. Here we report the first experimental observation of such a bound state using doped GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells embedded in metal-metal resonators whose confinement is high enough to permit operation in strong coupling. Our result provides the first evidence of bound states of charged particles kept together not by Coulomb interaction, but by the exchange of transverse photons. Light-matter coupling can thus be used as a novel tool in quantum material engineering, tuning electronic properties of semiconductor heterostructures beyond those permitted by mere crystal structures, with direct applications to mid-infrared optoelectronics.

Published
2020
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16. Galilean boosts and superfluidity of resonantly driven polariton fluids in the presence of an incoherent reservoir

Author

Anna Minguzzi, Ivan Amelio, Maxime Richard, Iacopo Carusotto, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de physique et modélisation des milieux condensés (LPM2C ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Galilean invariance, Field (physics), Condensed Matter::Other, Physics::Optics, FOS: Physical sciences, Critical ionization velocity, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Galilean, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Superfluidity, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Quantum electrodynamics, Speed of sound, 0103 physical sciences, Polariton, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We theoretically investigate how the presence of a reservoir of incoherent excitations affects the superfluidity properties of resonantly driven polariton fluids. While in the absence of reservoir the two cases of a defect moving in a fluid at rest and of a fluid flowing against a static defect are linked by a formal Galilean transformation, here the reservoir defines a privileged reference frame attached to the semiconductor structure and causes markedly different features between the two settings. The consequences on the critical velocity for superfluidity are highlighted and compared to experiments in resonantly driven excitons polaritons., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures

Published
2020
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17. The VANDELS survey: the role of ISM and galaxy physical properties in the escape of Lyα emission in z ∼ 3.5 star-forming galaxies⋆

Author

A. Saxena, F. Marchi, Stéphane Charlot, Daniel Schaerer, Adriano Fontana, Steve Finkelstein, Nimish P. Hathi, Lucia Pozzetti, Margherita Talia, D. Maccagni, Fergus Cullen, Fabio Fontanot, Ross J. McLure, B. Garilli, Ricardo Amorín, Jacopo Chevallard, Pascale Hibon, Laura Pentericci, Lucia Guaita, Marco Castellano, M. Bolzonella, Anton M. Koekemoer, A. C. Carnall, Casey Papovich, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Universidad Diego Portales [Santiago] (UDP), University of Bologna, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Services communs OMP (UMS 831), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Marchi, F., Pentericci, L., Guaita, L., Talia, M., Castellano, M., Hathi, N., Schaerer, D., Amorin, R., Bolzonella, M., Carnall, A. C., Charlot, S., Chevallard, J., Cullen, F., Finkelstein, S. L., Fontana, A., Fontanot, F., Garilli, B., Hibon, P., Koekemoer, A. M., Maccagni, D., McLure, R. J., Papovich, C., Pozzetti, L., Saxena, A., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Charlot, Stephane

Subjects
Stellar mass, astro-ph.GA, Extinction (astronomy), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS] Physics [physics], [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], galaxies: high-redshift, 0103 physical sciences, galaxies: formation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Interstellar medium, [PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: star formation, Spectral energy distribution, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], galaxies: evolution, Equivalent width, galaxies: ISM
Abstract

We investigate the physical properties of a sample of 52 Ly{\alpha} emitting galaxies in the VANDELS survey, with particular focus on the role of kinematics and neutral hydrogen column density in the escape and spatial distribution of Ly{\alpha} photons. For these galaxies, we derive different physical properties and characterize the Ly{\alpha} emission in terms of kinematics, EW, FWHM and spatial extension and then estimate the velocity of the neutral outflowing gas. We reproduce some of the well known correlations between Ly{\alpha} EW and stellar mass, dust extinction and UV \b{eta} slope, in the sense that the emission line appears brighter in lower mass, less dusty and bluer galaxies. We do not find any correlation with the SED-derived star formation rate, while we find that galaxies with brighter Ly{\alpha} tend to be more compact both in UV and in Ly{\alpha}. Our data reveal a new interesting correlation between the Ly{\alpha} velocity and the offset of the inter-stellar absorption lines with respect to the systemic redshift, in the sense that galaxies with larger inter-stellar medium (ISM) out-flow velocities show smaller Ly{\alpha} velocity shifts. We interpret this relation in the context of the shell-model scenario, where the velocity of the ISM and the HI column density contribute together in determining the Ly{\alpha} kinematics. In support to our interpretation, we observe that galaxies with high HI column densities have much more extended Ly{\alpha} spatial profiles, a sign of increased scattering. However, we do not find any evidence that the HI column density is related to any other physical properties of the galaxies, although this might be due in part to the limited range of parameters that our sample spans., Comment: submitted to A&A

Published
2019
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18. SiO2-SnO2 Photonic Glass-Ceramic

Author

Maurizio Ferrari, Barbara Rossi, Paola Dentella, Joaquín Fernández, Damiano Massella, Alessandro Chiasera, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Daniele Zonta, Giancarlo C. Righini, Anna Lukowiak, Lam Thi Ngoc Tran, James C. Gates, Gloria Ischia, Lidia Zur, Wilfried Blanc, Shane M. Eaton, Pawel Gluchowski, Simone Berneschi, Rolindes Balda, Andrea Chiappini, Brigitte Boulard, Francesco Prudenzano, Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros de Bilbao, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Politecnico di Bari, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Department of civil, environmental and mechanical engineering [Trento], University of Trento [Trento], Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), and Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi

Subjects
Fabrication, Materials science, photorefractivity, SnO2 nanocrystals, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Erbium, chemistry.chemical_compound, transparent glass-ceramics, 0103 physical sciences, Ceramic, planar waveguides, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Doping, sol-gel technology, erbium sensitizer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Engineering physics, Silicate, chemistry, Nanocrystal, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract

Trabajo presentado en la 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), celebrada en Angers (Francia), del 9 al 13 de julio de 2019, Since the pioneering work of Tick, Borrelli, Cornelius, and Newhouse on transparent glass ceramics performed in 1995, the research regarding photonic glass-ceramics is growing fast. From the considerable number of published studies, covering a broad spectrum of applications, it appears that reliable fabrication techniques and realization of effective photonic devices are the two crucial pivots for an important advance in this glass photonics area. The important results already obtained in rare earth-activated oxyfluoride, fluoride, and silicate transparent glass ceramics are well known. Regarding silicate-based photonic glass-ceramics the binary system SiO 2 -SnO 2 is really appealing when we look at the two above mentioned objectives.In this communication, a brief review of the state of art, consolidated results and recent advances in erbium doped SnO 2 -SiO 2 transparent glass-ceramics, obtained by sol-gel technology will be presented, and short-term perspectives will be outlined.

Published
2019
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19. Two-dimensional mixture of dipolar fermions: Equation of state and magnetic phases

Author

Jordi Boronat, Tommaso Comparin, Raúl Bombín, Stefano Giorgini, Markus Holzmann, Ferran Mazzanti, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de physique et modélisation des milieux condensés (LPM2C), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Laboratoire de Physique Statistique de l'ENS (LPS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. SIMCON - First-principles approaches to condensed matter physics: quantum effects and complexity

Subjects
Equation of state, Hubbard model, Montecarlo, Mètode de, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ultracold atom, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Fermions, 010306 general physics, Wave function, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Plane (geometry), Fermion, 3. Good health, Monte Carlo method, Dipole, Hubbard, Model de, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Diffusion Monte Carlo, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Ground state
Abstract

We study a two-component mixture of fermionic dipoles in two dimensions at zero temperature, interacting via a purely repulsive $1/r^3$ potential. This model can be realized with ultracold atoms or molecules, when their dipole moments are aligned in the confinement direction orthogonal to the plane. We characterize the unpolarized mixture by means of the Diffusion Monte Carlo technique. Computing the equation of state, we identify the regime of validity for a mean-field theory based on a low-density expansion and compare our results with the hard-disk model of repulsive fermions. At high density, we address the possibility of itinerant ferromagnetism, namely whether the ground state can be fully polarized in the fluid phase. Within the fixed-node approximation, we show that the accuracy of Jastrow-Slater trial wave functions, even with the typical two-body backflow correction, is not sufficient to resolve the relevant energy differences. By making use of the iterative-backflow improved trial wave functions, we observe no signature of a fully-polarized ground state up to the freezing density., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures

Published
2019
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20. Low-Threshold Coherent Emission at 1.5 µm from Fully Er3+ Doped Monolithic 1D Dielectric Microcavity Fabricated Using Radio Frequency Sputtering

Author

Anna Lukowiak, Maurizio Ferrari, Giancarlo C. Righini, Davor Ristić, Giorgio Speranza, Stefano Taccheo, Cesare Meroni, Yann G. Boucher, Stefano Varas, Francesco Scotognella, Mile Ivanda, Alessandro Chiasera, Roberta Ramponi, Lidia Zur, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], College of Engineering [Swansea], Swansea University, Department of Materials and Devices, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), and Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica

Subjects
Photoluminescence, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 010309 optics, Erbium, law, 0103 physical sciences, titania, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, business.industry, General Medicine, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Active layer, erbium, Full width at half maximum, Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences, chemistry, RF-sputtering, 1D photonic crystals, silica, Optoelectronics, coherent emission, 0210 nano-technology, business, Excitation
Abstract

Low threshold coherent emission at 1.5 &micro, m is achieved using Er3+-doped dielectric 1D microcavities fabricated with a Radio Frequency-sputtering technique. The microcavities are composed of a half-wavelength Er3+-doped SiO2 active layer inserted between two Bragg reflectors consisting of ten, five, and seven pairs of SiO2/TiO2 layers, also doped with Er3+ ions. The morphology of the structure is inspected using scanning electron microscopy. Transmission measurements show the third and first order cavity resonance at 530 nm and 1.5 &micro, m, respectively. The photoluminescence measurements are obtained using the optical excitation at the third order cavity resonance using a 514.5 nm Ar+ laser or Xe excitation lamp at 514.5 nm, with an excitation angle of 30&deg, The full width at half maximum of the emission peak at 1535 nm decreased with the pump power until the spectral resolution of the detection system was 2.7 nm. Moreover, the emission intensity presents a non-linear behavior with the pump power and a threshold at about 4 &micro, W.

Published
2019
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21. A nonlinear Kernel-based adaptive learning-by-examples method for robust NDT/NDE of conductive tubes

Author

Christophe Reboud, Giacomo Oliveri, Shamim Ahmed, Nicola Anselmi, Andrea Massa, Paolo Rocca, Pierre Calmon, Roberto Miorelli, Marco Salucci, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire de Simulation et de Modélisation Électromagnetique (LSME), Département Imagerie et Simulation pour le Contrôle (DISC), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ELEDIA Research Center@DISI, University of Trento, via Sommarive 5, 38123 Trento, Italy (ELEDIA), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Adaptive sampling, business.industry, Computer science, Feature vector, Feature extraction, General Physics and Astronomy, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Inverse problem, 01 natural sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Support vector machine, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, law, Nondestructive testing, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Eddy current, Adaptive learning, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; In this work, the real-time non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE) of faulty conductive tubes from eddy current (EC) measurements is addressed and solved in a computationally efficient way by means of an innovative learning-by-examples (LBE) methodology. More specifically, the estimation of the descriptors of a defect embedded within the cylindrical structure under test (SUT) is yielded by combining a non-linear feature extraction technique with an adaptive sampling strategy able to uniformly explore the arising feature space. Predictions are then performed during the on-line testing phase by means of a support vector regression (SVR). Representative results from a numerical/experimental validation are reported to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach also in comparison with competitive state-of-the-art approaches.

Published
2019
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22. The Discrete Relations Between Fields and Potentials with High Order Whitney Forms

Author

Francesca Rapetti, Ana Alonso Rodríguez, Department of mathematics/Dipartimento di Matematica [Univ. Trento], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Control, Analysis and Simulations for TOkamak Research (CASTOR), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Curl (mathematics), Pure mathematics, Lower order, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Differential operator, 01 natural sciences, Simplicial complex, 0103 physical sciences, Tetrahedron, Degree of a polynomial, 0101 mathematics, High order, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Mathematics
Abstract

International audience; When using the lower order Whitney elements on a simplicial complex, the matrices describing the external derivative, namely, the differential operators gradient, curl and divergence, are the incidence matrices between edges and vertices, faces and edges, tetrahedra and faces. For higher order Whitney elements, if one adopts degrees of freedom based on moments, the entries of these matrices are still equal to 0, 1 or − 1 but they are no more incidence matrices. If one uses instead the “weights of the field on small simplices” as alternative degrees of freedom, the matrices representative of the external derivative are incidence matrices for any polynomial degree.

Published
2019
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23. Resonant intersubband polariton-LO phonon scattering in an optically pumped polaritonic device

Author

Giorgio Biasiol, Grégoire Beaudoin, Isabelle Sagnes, S. De Liberato, Iacopo Carusotto, Jean-Michel Manceau, Ngoc-Linh Tran, Raffaele Colombelli, T. Laurent, Centre de Nanosciences et Nanotechnologies (C2N (UMR_9001)), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratorio TASC (IOM CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), School of Physics and Astronomy [Southampton], University of Southampton, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Phonon, FOS: Physical sciences, coupling | models | ultrastrong coupling, Physics::Optics, Intersubband polariton, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Polariton, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, Plasmon, Quantum well, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, Phonon scattering, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Scattering, Condensed Matter::Other, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 3. Good health, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

We report experimental evidence of longitudinal optical (LO) phonon-intersubband polariton scattering processes under resonant injection of light. The scattering process is resonant with both the initial (upper polariton) and final (lower polariton) states and is induced by the interaction of confined electrons with longitudinal optical phonons. The system is optically pumped with a mid-IR laser tuned between 1094 cm-1 and 1134 cm-1 (lambda=9.14 um and lambda=8.82 um). The demonstration is provided for both GaAs/AlGaAs and InGaAs/AlInAs doped quantum well systems whose intersubband plasmon lies at lambda=10 um wavelength. In addition to elucidating the microscopic mechanism of the polariton-phonon scattering, that is found to differ substantially from the standard single particle electron-LO phonon scattering mechanism, this work constitutes the first step towards the hopefully forthcoming demonstration of an intersubband polariton laser., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures

Published
2018
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24. Fabrication by rf-sputtering and assessment of dielectric Er3+ doped monolithic 1-D microcavity for coherent emission at 1.5 um

Author

Stefano Varas, Maurizio Ferrari, Roberta Ramponi, Davor Ristić, Stefano Taccheo, Mile Ivanda, Francesco Scotognella, Anna Lukowiak, Giorgio Speranza, Giancarlo C. Righini, Lidia Zur, Yann Boucher, Cesare Meroni, Alessandro Chiasera, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, College of Engineering [Swansea], Swansea University, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), and Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica

Subjects
Materials science, Photoluminescence, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Erbium, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, law, Sputtering, 0103 physical sciences, titania, 010306 general physics, business.industry, Doping, 1D photonic Crystals, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Active layer, erbium, Full width at half maximum, chemistry, silica, rf sputtering, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, coherent emission
Abstract

International audience; All Er3+ doped dielectric 1-D microcavity are fabricated by RF sputtering technique. The microcavity is composed of half wave Er3+ doped SiO2 active layer inserted, between two Bragg reflectors consisting of seven pairs of SiO2/TiO2 layers also doped with Er3+ ions. The morphology of the structure is inspected with scanning electron microscopy. Transmission measurements show the third and first order cavity resonance at 530 nm and 1535 nm, respectively. The photoluminescence measurements were obtained by optically exciting at the third order cavity resonance using 514.5 nm Ar+ laser with an excitation angle of 30°. The Full Width at Half Maximum of the emission peak at 1535 nm decrease with the pump power until the spectral resolution of the detection system of 2.3 nm. Moreover, the emission intensity presents a non-linear behavior with the pump power and a threshold at about 4 μW.

Published
2018
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25. Size Matters: Radiocarbon Dates of <200 µg Ancient Collagen Samples with AixMICADAS and Its Gas Ion Source

Author

Caterina Pangrazzi, Thibaut Tuna, Helene Hoffmann, Edouard Bard, Yoann Fagault, Helen Fewlass, Sahra Talamo, Bernd Kromer, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig], Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Chaire internationale Paléoanthropologie, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Collège de France - Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Collège de France - Chaire internationale Paléoanthropologie, Collège de France - Chaire Paléoanthropologie, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Fewlass H., Talamo S., Tuna T., Fagault Y., Kromer B., Hoffmann H., Pangrazzi C., Hublin J.-J., and Bard E.

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, Gas ion source, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Radiocarbon dating, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 010302 applied physics, Bone collagen, Chemistry, Radiochemistry, Ornaments, Accelerator mass spectrometry, Archaeological artifacts, Ion source, Radiocarbon, Archaeology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Collagen, Carbon
Abstract

For many of archaeology’s rarest and most enigmatic bone artifacts (e.g. human remains, bone ornaments, worked bone), the destruction of the 500 mg material necessary for direct accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating on graphite targets would cause irreparable damage; therefore many have not been directly dated. The recently improved gas ion source of the MICADAS (MIni CArbon DAting System) offers a solution to this problem by measuring gaseous samples of 5–100 µg carbon at a level of precision not previously achieved with an AMS gas ion source. We present the results of the first comparison between “routine” graphite dates of ca. 1000 µg C (2–3 mg bone collagen) and dates from aliquots of gaseous samples of 14C BP. The technique has great implications for resolving chronological questions for key archaeological artifacts.

Published
2018
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26. Photonic band edge assisted spontaneous emission enhancement from all Er3+1-D photonic band gap structure

Author

Sreeramulu Valligatla, Alessandro Chiasera, Mariano Ferrari, Cesare Meroni, G. C. Righini, L. Zur, Yann G. Boucher, Anna Lukowiak, Stefano Varas, Francesco Scotognella, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden (IFW Dresden), Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, and Enrico Fermi Center

Subjects
1-D dielectric photonic band gap structure, Titania, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Inorganic Chemistry, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Erbium, rf-sputtering, Silica, Spectroscopic features, 0103 physical sciences, Spontaneous emission, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Photonic crystal, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Doping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 1-D dielectric photonic band gap, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, rf sputtering, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Luminescence
Abstract

International audience; All Er3+ doped dielectric 1-D Photonic Band Gap Structure was fabricated by rf-sputtering technique. The structure was constituted by of twenty pairs of SiO2/TiO2 alternated layers doped with Er3+ ions. The scanning electron microscopy was used to check the morphology of the structure. Transmission measurements put in evidence the stop band in the range 1500 nm–1950 nm. The photoluminescence measurements were obtained by optically exciting the sample and detecting the emitted light in the 1.5 μm region at different detection angles. Luminescence spectra and luminescence decay curves put in evidence that the presence of the stop band modify the emission features of the Er3+ ions.

Published
2018
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27. SiO2-SnO2:Er3+ transparent glass-ceramics: fabrication and photonic assessment

Author

G. C. Righini, Lam Thi Ngoc Tran, Maurizio Ferrari, Damiano Massella, Cristina Armellini, B. Derkowska-Zielinska, Anna Lukowiak, T. T. V. Tran, Yann G. Boucher, Stefano Varas, Daniele Zonta, Dominik Dorosz, A. Martucci, Stefano Taccheo, Alessandro Chiasera, Lidia Zur, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Nicolaus Copernicus University [Toruń], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), University of Sciences [Ho Chi Minh City] (HCMC), Ho Chi Minh City University of Science (HCMUS), Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research [Polish Academy of Sciences], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), College of Engineering [Swansea], Swansea University, AGH University of Science and Technology [Krakow, PL] (AGH UST), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
Fabrication, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Absorption, Erbium, Emission, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic, Ceramic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Crystallization, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Tin dioxide, Applied Mathematics, sol-gels, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Energy transfer, Monoliths, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nanocrystals, Nanocrystal, chemistry, silica, Tin, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; This work focuses on the fabrication processes and photonic assessment of SiO2-SnO2:Er3+ monoliths. To obtain the crack-free and densified system, the sol-gel derived synthesis protocols and heat-treatment processes were optimized. The absorption measurements were employed to assess the effect of the heat-treatment on the samples and specially to estimate the –OH content. The XRD patterns were used to investigate the crystallization as well as the structure of the monoliths. The emission spectra, performed at different excitation wavelengths, evidence the presence of Er3+ in the SnO2 nanocrystals and the energy transfer from SnO2 to the rare earth ions. In addition, the efficient role of SnO2 nanocrystals as Er3+ sensitizers are also experimentally confirmed in this system.

Published
2018
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28. Unstable and stable regimes of polariton condensation

Author

Iacopo Carusotto, Michiel Wouters, Alberto Amo, Daniele De Bernardis, Isabelle Sagnes, F. Baboux, Carmen Gomez, Jacqueline Bloch, V. N. Gladilin, L. Le Gratiet, V. Goblot, Elisabeth Galopin, Aristide Lemaître, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Nanosciences et Nanotechnologies (C2N (UMR_9001)), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Theory of Quantum systems and Complex systems (TQC), University of Antwerp (UA), and ANR-16-CE30-0021,QFL,Fluides Quantiques de Lumière(2016)

Subjects
Quantum fluid, Photon, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Instability, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 0103 physical sciences, Polariton, Rogue wave, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter::Other, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Modulational instability, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Dissipative system, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, 0210 nano-technology, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics, Coherence (physics)
Abstract

Modulational instabilities play a key role in a wide range of nonlinear optical phenomena, leading e.g. to the formation of spatial and temporal solitons, rogue waves and chaotic dynamics. Here we experimentally demonstrate the existence of a modulational instability in condensates of cavity polaritons, arising from the strong coupling of cavity photons with quantum well excitons. For this purpose we investigate the spatiotemporal coherence properties of polariton condensates in GaAs-based microcavities under continuous-wave pumping. The chaotic behavior of the instability results in a strongly reduced spatial and temporal coherence and a significantly inhomogeneous density. Additionally we show how the instability can be tamed by introducing a periodic potential so that condensation occurs into negative mass states, leading to largely improved coherence and homogeneity. These results pave the way to the exploration of long-range order in dissipative quantum fluids of light within a controlled platform., 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2018
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29. Engineering Gaussian states of light from a planar microcavity

Author

Iacopo Carusotto, Atac Imamoglu, Sylvain Ravets, Mathias Van Regemortel, Michiel Wouters, Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Institute of Quantum Electronics (ETHZ), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), BEC-INFM, and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)

Subjects
Quantum fluid, Photon, Gaussian, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Physics::Optics, 01 natural sciences, Signal, 010305 fluids & plasmas, symbols.namesake, Optics, Planar, Correlation function, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Polariton, 010306 general physics, Computer Science::Databases, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, Quantum Physics, business.industry, lcsh:QC1-999, Orders of magnitude (time), symbols, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), business, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

Quantum fluids of light in a nonlinear planar microcavity can exhibit antibunched photon statistics at short distances due to repulsive polariton interactions. We show that, despite the weakness of the nonlinearity, the antibunching signal can be amplified orders of magnitude with an appropriate free-space optics scheme to select and interfere output modes. Our results are understood from the unconventional photon blockade perspective by analyzing the approximate Gaussian output state of the microcavity. In a second part, we illustrate how the temporal and spatial profile of the density-density correlation function of a fluid of light can be reconstructed with free-space optics. Also here the nontrivial (anti)bunching signal can be amplified significantly by shaping the light emitted by the microcavity., SciPost Physics, 5 (1), ISSN:2542-4653

Published
2018
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30. 'Haldane' phases with ultracold fermionic atoms in double-well optical lattices

Author

Pierre Fromholz, Sylvain Capponi, Philippe Lecheminant, Keisuke Totsuka, D. J. Papoular, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation (LPTM - UMR 8089), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC (SPAIN), INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)

Subjects
Physics, Optical lattice, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Spins, [PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], Magnetism, Point reflection, FOS: Physical sciences, Parity (physics), 02 engineering and technology, Fermion, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], 3. Good health, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Local symmetry, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Strongly Correlated Electrons [cond-mat.str-el], 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

We propose to realize one-dimensional topological phases protected by SU($N$) symmetry using alkali or alkaline-earth atoms loaded into a bichromatic optical lattice. We derive a realistic model for this system and investigate it theoretically. Depending on the parity of $N$, two different classes of symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases are stabilized at half-filling for physical parameters of the model. For even $N$, the celebrated spin-1 Haldane phase and its generalization to SU($N$) are obtained with no local symmetry breaking. In stark contrast, at least for $N=3$, a new class of SPT phases, dubbed chiral Haldane phases, that spontaneously break inversion symmetry, emerge with a two-fold ground-state degeneracy. The latter ground states with open-boundary conditions are characterized by different left and right boundary spins which are related by conjugation. Our results show that topological phases are within close reach of the latest experiments on cold fermions in optical lattices., 4 pages main article (4 figs.), 1 page acknowledgement and bibliography, 9 pages Supp. Mat. (8 figs.)

Published
2017
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31. A three-dimensional modelling of the layered structure of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author

Hans Rickman, Matteo Massironi, J.-R. Kramm, Ivano Bertini, Stubbe F. Hviid, Francesco Marzari, P. J. Gutierrez, M. De Cecco, Emanuele Simioni, Ekkehard Kührt, L. M. Lara, Frank Scholten, Detlef Koschny, Cesare Barbieri, Maurizio Pajola, R. Rodrigo, V. Da Deppo, Jakob Deller, Frank Preusker, S. Fornasier, Monica Lazzarin, Jean-Baptiste Vincent, Giampiero Naletto, Francesca Ferri, Robert Gaskell, Jessica Agarwal, Wing-Huen Ip, J-C. Lee, Laurent Jorda, N. Thomas, M. A. Barucci, Björn Davidsson, Michael Küppers, Alice Lucchetti, M. F. A'Hearn, Clement Feller, Marc Hofmann, Cecilia Tubiana, Olivier Groussin, Stefano Debei, Gabriele Cremonese, Holger Sierks, Marco Fulle, Philippe Lamy, Sabrina Ferrari, J. J. Lopez Moreno, F. La Forgia, Nilda Oklay, Carsten Güttler, E. Frattin, Luca Penasa, J. L. Bertaux, H. U. Keller, Jörg Knollenberg, Xian Shi, Stefano Mottola, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Dipartimento di Astronomia [Padova], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Earth Sciences [Chung-Li City], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Space Science Institute [Macau] (SSI), Macau University of Science and Technology (MUST), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), European Space Agency (ESA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), and Universität Bern [Bern]

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geometry, Concentric, Classification of discontinuities, 01 natural sciences, Layered structure, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov, Gerasimenko, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Comets: general, Methods: data analysis, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, comets: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Dimensional modeling, Ellipsoid, methods: data analysis, Lobe, medicine.anatomical_structure, Space and Planetary Science, Layering, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Free parameter
Abstract

International audience; We provide a three-dimensional model of the inner layered structure of comet 67P based on the hypothesis of an extended layering independently wrapping each lobe. A large set of terrace orientations was collected on the latest shape model and then used as a proxy for the local orientation of the surfaces of discontinuity which defines the layers. We modelled the terraces as a family of concentric ellipsoidal shells with fixed axis ratios, producing a model that is completely defined by just eight free parameters. Each lobe of 67P has been modelled independently, and the two sets of parameters have been estimated by means of non-linear optimization of the measured terrace orientations. The proposed model is able to predict the orientation of terraces, the elongation of cliffs, the linear traces observed in the Wosret and Hathor regions and the peculiar alignment of boulder-like features which has been observed in the Hapi region, which appears to be related to the inner layering of the big lobe. Our analysis allowed us to identify a plane of junction between the two lobes, further confirming the independent nature of the lobes. Our layering models differ from the best-fitting topographic ellipsoids of the surface, demonstrating that the terraces are aligned to an internal structure of discontinuities, which is unevenly exposed on the surface, suggesting a complex history of localized material removal from the nucleus.

Published
2017
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32. Real time groove characterization combining partial least squares and SVR strategies: application to eddy current testing

Author

Shamim Ahmed, Pierre Calmon, Roberto Miorelli, Nicola Anselmi, Christophe Reboud, Giacomo Oliveri, Andrea Massa, Marco Salucci, Laboratoire de Simulation et de Modélisation Électromagnetique (LSME), Département Imagerie et Simulation pour le Contrôle (DISC), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ELEDIA Research Center@DISI, University of Trento, via Sommarive 5, 38123 Trento, Italy (ELEDIA), University of Trento [Trento], DIGITEO, SIRENA Project, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de Simulation et de Modélisation Électromagnetique ( LSME ), Département Imagerie et Simulation pour le Contrôle ( DISC ), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies ( LIST ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies ( LIST ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes ( L2S ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ELEDIA Research Center@DISI, University of Trento, via Sommarive 5, 38123 Trento, Italy ( ELEDIA ), and DIGITEO

Subjects
History, Engineering, Adaptive sampling, Iterative method, Speech recognition, Feature extraction, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 01 natural sciences, Education, law.invention, Physics and Astronomy (all), law, Eddy-current testing, 0103 physical sciences, Partial least squares regression, Eddy current, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Inversion (meteorology), Computer Science Applications, Support vector machine, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [ SPI.ELEC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, business, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; A quasi real-time inversion strategy is presented for groove characterization of a conductive non-ferromagnetic tube structure by exploiting eddy current testing (ECT) signal. Inversion problem has been formulated by non-iterative Learning-by-Examples (LBE) strategy. Within the framework of LBE, an efficient training strategy has been adopted with the combination of feature extraction and a customized version of output space filling (OSF) adaptive sampling in order to get optimal training set during offline phase. Partial Least Squares (PLS) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) have been exploited for feature extraction and prediction technique respectively to have robust and accurate real time inversion during online phase.

Published
2017
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33. Regional surface morphology of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from Rosetta/OSIRIS images: The southern hemisphere (Corrigendum)

Author

Monica Lazzarin, Laurent Jorda, J. B. Vincent, Cesare Barbieri, N. Thomas, Lorenza Giacomini, Olivier Groussin, S. Fornasier, Simone Marchi, B. J. R. Davidsson, A. Gracia-Berná, Antoine Pommerol, G. Cremonese, A. T. Auger, Raphael Marschall, Detlef Koschny, Matteo Massironi, P. J. Gutierrez, Stubbe F. Hviid, Holger Sierks, Cecilia Tubiana, Michael Küppers, F. Scholten, R. Rodrigo, Maurizio Pajola, N. Oklay, Mohamed Ramy El-Maarry, Ivano Bertini, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Géza Kovács, Hans Rickman, M. A. Barucci, W-H. Ip, J.-R. Kramm, Marco Fulle, P. L. Lamy, M. De Cecco, V. Da Deppo, Sebastien Besse, F. Preusker, Carsten Güttler, Giampiero Naletto, Francesco Marzari, H. U. Keller, M. F. A'Hearn, J. L. Bertaux, J.-C. Lee, Dennis Bodewits, Jörg Knollenberg, E. Kuehrt, L. M. Lara, Stefano Debei, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Taoyuan City], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), ESA Scientific Support Office, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), Universität Bern [Bern], Universita degli Studi di Padova, European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA

Subjects
Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, Comet, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, 0103 physical sciences, Rosetta, comets, OSIRIS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, biology, 520 Astronomy, Planetengeodäsie, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 500 Science, biology.organism_classification, 620 Engineering, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Osiris, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017
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34. The Ricci–Bourguignon flow

Author

Lorenzo Mazzieri, Zindine Djadli, Giovanni Catino, Laura Cremaschi, Carlo Mantegazza, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (SNS), Analyse, Géométrie et Modélisation (AGM - UMR 8088), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Giovanni, Catino, Laura, Cremaschi, Zindine, Djadli, Mantegazza, Carlo Maria, and Lorenzo, Mazzieri

Subjects
Mathematics - Differential Geometry, General Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Mathematical analysis, Scalar (mathematics), Ricci flow, Curvature, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Differential Geometry (math.DG), 0103 physical sciences, FOS: Mathematics, 010307 mathematical physics, Mathematics::Differential Geometry, 0101 mathematics, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Mathematics
Abstract

In this paper we present some results on a family of geometric flows introduced by Bourguignon that generalize the Ricci flow. For suitable values of the scalar parameter involved in these flows, we prove short time existence and provide curvature estimates. We also state some results on the associated solitons., Minor corrections

Published
2017
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35. Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta

Author

Cesare Barbieri, Maria Antonieta Barucci, Jakob Deller, Gabriele Cremonese, Marco Fulle, Olivier Groussin, Jean-Loup Bertaux, J. Knollenberg, M. Küppers, Stefano Debei, Monica Lazzarin, L. M. Lara, Pedro J. Gutiérrez, Jean-Baptiste Vincent, C. Güttler, H. U. Keller, Maurizio Pajola, Géza Kovács, Ivano Bertini, Mohamed Ramy El-Maarry, Detlef Koschny, Hans Rickman, Nicolas Thomas, Holger Sierks, Sonia Fornasier, E. Kührt, A. Gicquel, J.-R. Kramm, Xian Shi, Dennis Bodewits, Nilda Oklay, X. Hu, V. Da Deppo, Björn Davidsson, Stefano Mottola, Cecilia Tubiana, Giampiero Naletto, P. Gutierrez-Marques, Rafael Rodrigo, Matteo Massironi, Stubbe F. Hviid, Jürgen Blum, Philippe Lamy, Wing-Huen Ip, Jessica Agarwal, Laurent Jorda, M. Hofmann, M. De Cecco, Bastian Gundlach, Steve Boudreault, J. J. López-Moreno, S. Höfner, Michael F. A'Hearn, Francesco Marzari, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC (RSSD), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Center for Space and Habitability (CSH), University of Bern, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Universität Bern [Bern], European Space Agency, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Swedish National Space Board, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), International Max Planck Research Schools, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA

Subjects
Comets: general, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Comet dust, Comet, Context (language use), Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Latitude, Astrobiology, thermal modeling, individual: 67P/Churyumov [Comets], Rosetta, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, comets, Ejecta, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov, Gerasimenko, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Polar night, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], general [Comets], Seasonality, erosion, medicine.disease, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Erosion, sense organs
Abstract

Context. Dust deposits or dust cover are a prevalent morphology in the northern hemi-nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). The evolution of the dust deposits was captured by the OSIRIS camera system onboard the Rosetta spacecraft having escorted the comet for over two years. The observations shed light on the fundamental role of cometary activity in shaping and transforming the surface morphology. Aims. We aim to present OSIRIS observations of surface changes over the dust deposits before and after perihelion. The distribution of changes and a timeline of their occurrence are provided. We perform a data analysis to quantify the surface changes and investigate their correlation to water activity from the dust deposits. We further discuss how the results of our investigation are related to other findings from the Rosetta mission. Methods. Surface changes were detected via systematic comparison of images, and quantified using shape-from-shading technique. Thermal models were applied to estimate the erosion of water ice in response to the increasing insolation over the areas where surface changes occurred. Modeling results were used for the interpretation of the observed surface changes. Results. Surface changes discussed here were concentrated at mid-latitudes, between about 20â-N and 40â-N, marking a global transition from the dust-covered to rugged terrains. The changes were distributed in open areas exposed to ample solar illumination and likely subject to enhanced surface erosion before perihelion. The occurrence of changes followed the southward migration of the sub-solar point across the latitudes of their distribution. The erosion at locations of most changes was at least about 0.5 m, but most likely did not exceed several meters. The erosive features before perihelion had given way to a fresh, smooth cover of dust deposits after perihelion, suggesting that the dust deposits had been globally restored by at least about 1 m with ejecta from the intensely illuminated southern hemi-nucleus around perihelion, when the north was inactive during polar night. Conclusions. The erosion and restoration of the northern dust deposits are morphological expressions of seasonality on 67P. Based on observations and thermal modeling results, it is inferred that the dust deposits contained a few percent of water ice in mass on average. Local inhomogeneity in water abundance at spatial scales below tens of meters is likely. We suspect that dust ejected from the deposits may not have escaped the comet in bulk. That is, at least half of the ejected mass was afloat in the inner-coma or/and redeposited over other areas of the nucleus.© 2017 ESO., X. Hu acknowledges the financial support from the International Max Planck Research School for Solar System Science in Gottingen.The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France (CNES), Italy (ASI), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.

Published
2017
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36. Asymptotic self-restabilization of a continuous elastic structure

Author

Diego Misseroni, Sébastien Neukirch, Davide Bigoni, F. Bosi, F. Dal Corso, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Ambientale e Meccanica [Trento] (DICAM), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Mécanique et Ingénierie des Solides Et des Structures (IJLRDA-MISES), Institut Jean le Rond d'Alembert (DALEMBERT), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Asymptotic analysis, Soft robotics, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Stability (probability), Displacement (vector), Principle of least action, Classical mechanics, Component (UML), 0103 physical sciences, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Deformation (engineering), 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Bifurcation
Abstract

A challenge in soft robotics and soft actuation is the determination of an elastic system which spontaneously recovers its trivial path during postcritical deformation after a bifurcation. The interest in this behaviour is that a displacement component spontaneously cycles around a null value, thus producing a cyclic soft mechanism. An example of such a system is theoretically proven through the solution of the Elastica and a stability analysis based on dynamic perturbations. It is shown that the asymptotic self-restabilization is driven by the development of a configurational force, of similar nature to the Peach-Koehler interaction between dislocations in crystals, which is derived from the principle of least action. A proof-of-concept prototype of the discovered elastic system is designed, realized, and tested, showing that this innovative behaviour can be obtained in a real mechanical apparatus., 11 pages, 8 figures

Published
2016
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37. Purcell magneto-elastic swimmer controlled by an external magnetic field

Author

Antonio DeSimone, Laetitia Giraldi, Marta Zoppello, François Alouges, Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Mathematics for Control, Transport and Applications (McTAO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Application of nonlinear analysis, Control in system biology, design, Tracking, Control and Systems Engineering, Asymptotic analysis, Field (physics), [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], 02 engineering and technology, Magneto elastic, Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Propulsion, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Quantitative Biology::Cell Behavior, 0103 physical sciences, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 010306 general physics, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Physics, Physics::Biological Physics, Application of nonlinear analysis and design, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Magnetic field, Mechanism (engineering), Controllability, Classical mechanics, Optimization and Control (math.OC), [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; This paper focuses on the mechanism of propulsion of a Purcell swimmer whose segments are magnetized and react to an external magnetic field applied into the fluid. By an asymptotic analysis, we prove that it is possible to steer the swimmer along a chosen direction when the control functions are prescribed as an oscillating field. Moreover, we discuss what are the main obstructions to overcome in order to get classical controllability result for this system.

Published
2016
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38. Spectrophotometry of the Khonsu region on the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko using OSIRIS instrument images

Author

Steve Boudreault, Ivano Bertini, Rafael Rodrigo, Philippe Lamy, Cesare Barbieri, Detlef Koschny, Olivier Groussin, Nicolas Thomas, Jakob Deller, Stefano Debei, Antoine Pommerol, Francesco Marzari, M. A. Barucci, J. D. P. Deshapriya, Pedro Hasselmann, Sonia Fornasier, Stubbe F. Hviid, Björn Davidsson, Jean-Loup Bertaux, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Clement Feller, Holger Sierks, Cecilia Tubiana, Jessica Agarwal, Michael F. A'Hearn, Marco Fulle, Stefano Mottola, Nilda Oklay, R. Kramm, Pedro J. Gutiérrez, Gabriele Cremonese, Ekkehard Kührt, Maurizio Pajola, Monica Lazzarin, L. M. Lara, A. Gicquel, Jean-Baptiste Vincent, Michael Küppers, V. Da Deppo, M. De Cecco, Wing-Huen Ip, Laurent Jorda, Mohamed Ramy El-Maarry, Hans Rickman, Marc Hofmann, J. Knollenberg, Giampiero Naletto, H. U. Keller, Carsten Güttler, D. Perna, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Swedish National Space Board, European Space Agency, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Universität Bern [Bern], Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), European Space Agency (ESA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, Comet, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], 01 natural sciences, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [Comets], Spectrophotometry, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, techniques: photometric comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 520 Astronomy, photometric [Techniques], Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, 620 Engineering, techniques: photometric – comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Techniques: photometric, Osiris
Abstract

Our work focuses on the spectrophotometric analysis of selected terrain and bright patches in the Khonsu region on the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Despite the variety of geological features, their spectrophotometric properties appear to indicate a similar composition. It is noticeable that the smooth areas in Khonsu possess similar spectrophotometric behaviour to some other regions of the comet. We observed bright patches on Khonsu with an estimation of > 40 per cent of normal albedo and suggest that they are associated with HO ice. One of the studied bright patches has been observed to exist on the surface for more than 5 months without a major decay of its size, implying the existence of potential sub-surface icy layers. Its location may be correlated with a cometary outburst during the perihelion passage of the comet in 2015 August, and we interpret it to have triggered the surface modifications necessary to unearth the stratified icy layers beneath the surface. A boulder analysis on Khonsu leads to a power-law index of -3.1 +0.2/-0.3 suggesting a boulder formation, shaped by varying geological processes for different morphological units.© 2016 The Authors., The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France(CNES), Italy(ASI), Spain(MEC), Sweden(SNSB) and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.

Published
2016
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39. Momentum-Resolved Observation of Thermal and Quantum Depletion in a Bose Gas

Author

Quentin Bouton, Christoph I Westbrook, Chunlei Qu, David Clément, H. Cayla, R. Chang, Alain Aspect, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Bose gas, Condensed matter physics, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Momentum, Time of flight, Distribution (mathematics), 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Zero temperature, 010306 general physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], Quantum
Abstract

We report on the single-atom-resolved measurement of the distribution of momenta $\ensuremath{\hbar}k$ in a weakly interacting Bose gas after a 330 ms time of flight. We investigate it for various temperatures and clearly separate two contributions to the depletion of the condensate by their $k$ dependence. The first one is the thermal depletion. The second contribution falls off as ${k}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$, and its magnitude increases with the in-trap condensate density as predicted by the Bogoliubov theory at zero temperature. These observations suggest associating it with the quantum depletion. How this contribution can survive the expansion of the released interacting condensate is an intriguing open question.

Published
2016
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40. Is the Reaction of C3N(-) with C2H2 a Possible Process for Chain Elongation in Titan's Ionosphere?

Author

Claire Romanzin, Allan Lopes, Daniela Ascenzi, Leopold Koch, Illia Zymak, Miroslav Polášek, Christian Alcaraz, Wolf D. Geppert, Jean-Claude Guillemin, Fredrik Lindén, Ján Žabka, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique D'Orsay (LCPO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the ASCR, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), COST Action (Origins and Evolution of Life on Earth and in the Universe) [TD1308], COST Action (Our Astro-Chemical History) [CM1401], Czech Science Foundation [14-19693S, 14-20915S], French program of planetology (PNP), RTRA 'Triangle de la Physique' [2012-027T - GIN], Department of Physics at Trento University, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ion beam, h-atoms, Analytical chemistry, mechanism, chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Dissociation (chemistry), chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, carbanions, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, 0103 physical sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Quadrupole mass analyzer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Spectrometer, haze formation, interstellar, Chemistry, photodetachment, Triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, cn, Acetylene, 13. Climate action, atmosphere, symbols, Atomic physics, Titan (rocket family), anions
Abstract

International audience; The reaction of C3N- with acetylene was studied using three different experimental setups, a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (Trento), a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer (Prague), and the "CERISES" guided ion beam apparatus at Orsay. The process is of astrophysical interest because it can function as a chain elongation mechanism to produce larger anions that have been detected in Titan's ionosphere by the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer. Three major products of primary processes, C2H-, CN-, and C5N-, have been identified, whereby the production of the cyanide anion is probably partly due to collisional induced dissociation. The formations of all these products show considerable reaction thresholds and also display comparatively small cross sections. Also, no strong signals of anionic products for collision energies lower than 1 eV have been observed. Ab initio calculations have been performed to identify possible pathways leading to the observed products of the title reaction and to elucidate the thermodynamics of these processes. Although the productions of CN- and C5N- are exoergic, all reaction pathways have considerable barriers. Overall, the results of these computations are in agreement with the observed reaction thresholds. Due to the existence of considerable reaction enenrgy barriers and the small observed cross sections, the title reaction is not very likely to play major role in the buildup of large anions in cold environments like the interstellar medium or planetary and satellite ionospheres.

Published
2016
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41. Selective Generation of the Radical Cation Isomers [CH3CN] •+ and [CH2CNH] •+ via VUV Photoionization of Different Neutral Precursors and Their Reactivity with C2H4

Author

Miroslav Polášek, Paolo Tosi, Věra Křížová, Christian Alcaraz, Ján Žabka, Linda Giacomozzi, Emilie-Laure Zins, Daniela Ascenzi, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the ASCR, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), De la Molécule aux Nanos-objets : Réactivité, Interactions et Spectroscopies (MONARIS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique D'Orsay (LCPO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)

Subjects
Chemistry, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Photoionization, Appearance energy, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Ketenimine, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Radical ion, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Physical chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Ionization energy, Atomic physics, Acetonitrile, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out to demonstrate the selective generation of two different C2H3N(+) isomers, namely, the acetonitrile [CH3CN](•+) and the ketenimine [CH2CNH](•+) radical cations. Photoionization and dissociative photoionization experiments from different neutral precursors (acetonitrile and butanenitrile) have been performed using vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) synchrotron radiation in the 10-15 eV energy range, delivered by the DESIRS beamline at the SOLEIL storage ring. For butanenitrile (CH3CH2CH2CN) an experimental ionization threshold of 11.29 ± 0.05 eV is obtained, whereas the appearance energy for the formation of [CH2CNH](•+) fragments is 11.52 ± 0.05 eV. Experimental findings are fully supported by theoretical calculations at the G4 level of theory (ZPVE corrected energies at 0 K), giving a value of 11.33 eV for the adiabatic ionization energy of butanenitrile and an exothermicity of 0.49 for fragmentation into [CH2CNH](•+) plus C2H4, hampered by an energy barrier of 0.29 eV. The energy difference between [CH3CN](•+) and [CH2CNH](•+) is 2.28 eV (with the latter being the lowest energy isomer), and the isomerization barrier is 0.84 eV. Reactive monitoring experiments of the [CH3CN](•+) and [CH2CNH](•+) isomers with C2H4 have been performed using the CERISES guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometer and exploiting the selectivity of ethylene that gives exothermic charge exchange and proton transfer reactions with [CH3CN](•+) but not with [CH2CNH](•+) isomers. In addition, minor reactive channels are observed leading to the formation of new C-C bonds upon reaction of [CH3CN](•+) with C2H4, and their astrochemical implications are briefly discussed.

Published
2016
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42. Planck intermediate results. XLVII. Planck constraints on reionization history

Author

Collaboration, Planck, Adam, R., Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A., Barreiro, R., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Carron, J., Chiang, H., Colombo, L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davis, R., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Elsner, F., Ensslin, T., Eriksen, H., Falgarone, E., Fantaye, Y., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J., Hansen, F., Helou, G., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Ilić, S., Jaffe, A., Jones, W., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Knox, L., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C., Le Jeune, M., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y.-Z., Macías-Pérez, J., Maggio, G., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., Mcewen, J., Meinhold, P., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Naselsky, P., Natoli, P., Oxborrow, C., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Plaszczynski, S., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirri, G., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Tauber, J., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., van Tent, F., Vielva, P., Villa, Francesca, Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B., Wehus, I., White, M., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), University of the Western Cape (UWC), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adam, R., Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Carron, J., Chiang, H.C., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fantaye, Y., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R.T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K.M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Helou, G., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Ilić, S., Jaffe, A.H., Jones, W.C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knox, L., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Le Jeune, M., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y.-Z., MacIás-Pérez, J.F., Maggio, G., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., Mcewen, J.D., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Naselsky, P., Natoli, P., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Plaszczynski, S., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubinõ-Martín, J.A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirri, G., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Tauber, J.A., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M, Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, F., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I.K., White, M., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Adam, R, Aghanim, N, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Battye, R, Benabed, K, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bock, J, Bonaldi, A, Bonavera, L, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, J, Carron, J, Chiang, H, Colombo, L, Combet, C, Comis, B, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Di Valentino, E, Dickinson, C, Diego, J, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Elsner, F, Enßlin, T, Eriksen, H, Falgarone, E, Fantaye, Y, Finelli, F, Forastieri, F, Frailis, M, Fraisse, A, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, R, Gerbino, M, Ghosh, T, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, K, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, J, Hansen, F, Helou, G, Henrot-Versillé, S, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Ilić, S, Jaffe, A, Jones, W, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Knox, L, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lähteenmäki, A, Lamarre, J, Langer, M, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, C, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Lewis, A, Liguori, M, Lilje, P, López-Caniego, M, Ma, Y, MacIás-Pérez, J, Maggio, G, Mangilli, A, Maris, M, Martin, P, Martínez-González, E, Matarrese, S, Mauri, N, Mcewen, J, Meinhold, P, Melchiorri, A, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Miville-Deschênes, M, Molinari, D, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Moss, A, Naselsky, P, Natoli, P, Oxborrow, C, Pagano, L, Paoletti, D, Partridge, B, Patanchon, G, Patrizii, L, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Plaszczynski, S, Polastri, L, Polenta, G, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Racine, B, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renzi, A, Rocha, G, Rossetti, M, Roudier, G, Rubinõ-Martín, J, Ruiz-Granados, B, Salvati, L, Sandri, M, Savelainen, M, Scott, D, Sirri, G, Sunyaev, R, Suur-Uski, A, Tauber, J, Tenti, M, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Trombetti, T, Valiviita, J, Van Tent, F, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wandelt, B, Wehus, I, White, M, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics, Cosmic background radiation, Dark ages, reionization, first stars, Polarization, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 01 natural sciences, Optical depth (astrophysics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, astro-ph.CO, QB, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Settore FIS/05, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, LY-ALPHA-EMITTERS, Dark ages, Reionization, First stars, South Pole Telescope, Dark ages, Physical Sciences, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, reionization, COSMIC REIONIZATION, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM, SIMILAR-TO 6, first stars, DEEP FIELD CAMPAIGN, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES, NO, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, dark ages, reionization, first stars, Planck, Reionization, Science & Technology, SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, cosmic background radiation, polarization, 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, Dark ages, reionization, first star, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES, PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, cosmic background radiation, dark ages, reionization, first stars, polarization, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Acknowledgements. The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, J.A., and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, indicating which technical or scientific activities they have been involved in, can be found at http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/planck/planck-collaboration, We investigate constraints on cosmic reionization extracted from the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We combine the Planck CMB anisotropy data in temperature with the low-multipole polarization data to fit ΛCDM models with various parameterizations of the reionization history. We obtain a Thomson optical depth τ = 0.058 ± 0.012 for the commonly adopted instantaneous reionization model. This confirms, with data solely from CMB anisotropies, the low value suggested by combining Planck 2015 results with other data sets, and also reduces the uncertainties. We reconstruct the history of the ionization fraction using either a symmetric or an asymmetric model for the transition between the neutral and ionized phases. To determine better constraints on the duration of the reionization process, we also make use of measurements of the amplitude of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect using additional information from the high-resolution Atacama Cosmology Telescope and South Pole Telescope experiments. The average redshift at which reionization occurs is found to lie between z = 7.8 and 8.8, depending on the model of reionization adopted. Using kSZ constraints and a redshift-symmetric reionization model, we find an upper limit to the width of the reionization period of Δz < 2.8. In all cases, we find that the Universe is ionized at less than the 10% level at redshifts above z ≃ 10. This suggests that an early onset of reionization is strongly disfavoured by the Planck data. We show that this result also reduces the tension between CMB-based analyses and constraints from other astrophysical sources., European Space Agency, Centre National D'etudes Spatiales, CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France), Italian Space Agency (ASI), Italian National Research Council, Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF), National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), United States Department of Energy (DOE), Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC), UKSA (UK), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), MINECO (Spain), RES (Spain), Finnish Funding Agency for Technology & Innovation (TEKES), AoF (Finland), CSC (Finland), Max Planck Society, Helmholtz Association, German Aerospace Centre (DLR), CSA (Canada), DTU Space (Denmark), SER/SSO (Switzerland), RCN (Norway), Science Foundation Ireland, Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, ERC (EU), European Union (EU), J.A. (Spain), Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) ST/L000393/1 ST/L000768/1 ST/M004856/1

Published
2016
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43. Regional surface morphology of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from Rosetta/OSIRIS images: The southern hemisphere

Author

Ivano Bertini, M. De Cecco, M. F. A'Hearn, J.-C. Lee, Dennis Bodewits, Monica Lazzarin, Wing-Huen Ip, Laurent Jorda, N. Oklay, F. Preusker, Sebastien Besse, H. U. Keller, Marco Fulle, Stefano Debei, F. Marzari, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Björn Davidsson, Lorenza Giacomini, Holger Sierks, Cecilia Tubiana, Michael Küppers, M. A. Barucci, Sonia Fornasier, Jean-Loup Bertaux, F. Scholten, P. J. Gutiérrez, Ekkehard Kührt, L. M. Lara, Philippe Lamy, Olivier Groussin, J. B. Vincent, A. Gracia-Berná, J.-R. Kramm, Jörg Knollenberg, Géza Kovács, Nicolas Thomas, Antoine Pommerol, A. T. Auger, Matteo Massironi, Carsten Güttler, Stubbe F. Hviid, Giampiero Naletto, V. Da Deppo, Maurizio Pajola, Gabriele Cremonese, Simone Marchi, Raphael Marschall, Detlef Koschny, Mohamed Ramy El-Maarry, R. Rodrigo, Hans Rickman, Cesare Barbieri, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), ESA Scientific Support Office, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Swedish National Space Board, European Space Agency, and German Centre for Air and Space Travel

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Morphology (linguistics), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, Comet, Terrain, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Comets: general, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Methods: observational, individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [Comets], 0103 physical sciences, observational [Methods], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, comets, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Southern Hemisphere, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, biology, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 520 Astronomy, Northern Hemisphere, general [Comets], biology.organism_classification, 620 Engineering, On board, comets: general / comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko / methods: observational, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Osiris, methods: observational
Abstract

Aims. The OSIRIS camera on board the Rosetta spacecraft has been acquiring images of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P)'s nucleus since August 2014. Starting in May 2015, the southern hemisphere gradually became illuminated and was imaged for the first time. Here we present the regional morphology of the southern hemisphere, which serves as a companion to an earlier paper that presented the regional morphology of the northern hemisphere. Methods. We used OSIRIS images that were acquired at orbits ~45-125 km from the center of the comet (corresponding to spatial resolutions of ~0.8 to 2.3 m/pixel) coupled with the use of digital terrain models to define the different regions on the surface, and identify structural boundaries accurately. Results. Seven regions have been defined in the southern hemisphere bringing the total number of defined regions on the surface of the nucleus to 26. These classifications are mainly based on morphological and/or topographic boundaries. The southern hemisphere shows a remarkable dichotomy with its northern counterpart mainly because of the absence of wide-scale smooth terrains, dust coatings and large unambiguous depressions. As a result, the southern hemisphere closely resembles previously identified consolidated regions. An assessment of the overall morphology of comet 67P suggests that the comet's two lobes show surface heterogeneities manifested in different physical/mechanical characteristics, possibly extending to local (i.e., within a single region) scales.© 2016 ESO., The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France (CNES), Italy (ASI), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.

Published
2016
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44. Planck intermediate results: XXXV. Probing the role of the magnetic field in the formation of structure in molecular clouds

Author

Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Alves, M. I. R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chiang, H. C., Christensen, P. R., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falceta-Gonçalves, D., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Guillet, V., Harrison, D. L., Helou, G., Hennebelle, P., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Huffenberger, K. M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, Guilaine, Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden-Vørnle, M., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Netterfield, C. B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C. A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G. W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, J. D., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Ysard, N., Yvon, D., Zonca, A., Banday, J., Bouchet, R., Chiang, C., Colombo, P., Crill, P., Davies, D., Davis, J., Bernard, P., Diego, M., Enßlin, A., Eriksen, K., Górski, M., Hildebrandt, R., Holmes, A., Huffenberger, M., Jaffe, R., Jones, C., Kisner, S., Lamarre, M., Rachen, P., Soler, D., Wade, A., Wandelt, D., Wehus, K., Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Milano] (INFN), Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Télécom ParisTech-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Laboratoire de Radioastronomie (LRA), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, APC - Cosmologie, Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, Mécanique et Energétique (PRISME), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Bourges (ENSI Bourges), Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA), Università degli Studi di Roma, Laboratoire de Modélisation Multi-échelles des Combustibles (LM2C), Service d'Etudes de Simulation du Comportement du combustibles (SESC), Département d'Etudes des Combustibles (DEC), CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Département d'Etudes des Combustibles (DEC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita` di Roma Tor Vergata, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), University of Southern California (USC), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), INAF-IASF Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Geophysics Centre of Évora, AUTRES, Antarctic Research a European Network for Astrophysics (ARENA), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Synopsys, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Alves, M, Arnaud, M, Arzoumanian, D, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Bartolo, N, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoît, A, Benoit Lévy, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bock, J, Bonavera, L, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Boulanger, F, Bracco, A, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, J, Catalano, A, Chiang, H, Christensen, P, Colombo, L, Combet, C, Couchot, F, Crill, B, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Danese, L, Davies, R, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Dickinson, C, Diego, J, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, T, Eriksen, H, Falceta Gonçalves, D, Falgarone, E, Ferrière, K, Finelli, F, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Fraisse, A, Franceschi, E, Frejsel, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Ghosh, T, Giard, M, Gjerløw, E, González Nuevo, J, Górski, K, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, J, Guillet, V, Harrison, D, Helou, G, Hennebelle, P, Henrot Versillé, S, Hernández Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Holmes, W, Hornstrup, A, Huffenberger, K, Hurier, G, Jaffe, A, Jaffe, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Knoche, J, Kunz, M, Kurki Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, C, Leonardi, R, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, P, Linden Vørnle, M, López Caniego, M, Lubin, P, Macías Pérez, J, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Mangilli, A, Maris, M, Martin, P, Martínez González, E, Masi, S, Matarrese, S, Melchiorri, A, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Miville Deschênes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, J, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Netterfield, C, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Oppermann, N, Oxborrow, C, Pagano, L, Pajot, F, Paladini, R, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Perotto, L, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Pietrobon, D, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Pratt, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Renzi, A, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rossetti, M, Roudier, G, Rubiño Martín, J, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Savelainen, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Soler, J, Stolyarov, V, Sudiwala, R, Sutton, D, Suur Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucci, M, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Valiviita, J, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Wehus, I, Ysard, N, Yvon, D, Zonca, A, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Alves, M. I. R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit Lévy, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. F., Catalano, A., Chiang, H. C., Christensen, P. R., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falceta Gonçalves, D., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., González Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, Anna, Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Guillet, V., Harrison, D. L., Helou, G., Hennebelle, P., Henrot Versillé, S., Hernández Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Huffenberger, K. M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden Vørnle, M., López Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías Pérez, J. F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville Deschênes, M. A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Netterfield, C. B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C. A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G. W., Prunet, S., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño Martín, J. A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, Juan D, Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur Uski, A. S., Sygnet, J. F., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Ysard, N., Yvon, D., Zonca, A., Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Research Council, and European Commission

Subjects
SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD, magnetic field [ISM], Astronomy, cloud [ISM], Astrophysics, IMAGING POLARIMETRY, 01 natural sciences, ISM: clouds, INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, infrared: ISM, general [ISM], Turbulence, extinction, ISM [Submillimeter], Dust, Extinction, VELOCITY ANISOTROPY, Magnetic field, Physical Sciences, Physics::Space Physics, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, symbols, submillimeter: ISM, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, ISM: magnetic fields, dust, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], clouds [ISM], FAR-INFRARED POLARIMETRY, GRAIN ALIGNMENT, NUVENS, RADIATIVE TORQUES, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, astro-ph.GA, media_common.quotation_subject, ISM [Infrared], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, NO, STAR-FORMATION, Dust, extinction, Infrared: ISM, ISM: general, Submillimeter: ISM, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, symbols.namesake, ISM: magnetic field, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, ISM: cloud, 0103 physical sciences, Planck, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Science & Technology, dust, extinction, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Plane (geometry), Molecular cloud, magnetic fields [ISM], Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Orientation (vector space), 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, NONHOMOLOGOUS CONTRACTION, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], 13. Climate action, Sky, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), ALFVENIC TURBULENCE
Abstract

Interstellar and circumstellar matter.-- et al., Within ten nearby (d < 450 pc) Gould belt molecular clouds we evaluate statistically the relative orientation between the magnetic field projected on the plane of sky, inferred from the polarized thermal emission of Galactic dust observed by Planck at 353 GHz, and the gas column density structures, quantified by the gradient of the column density, NH. The selected regions, covering several degrees in size, are analysed at an effective angular resolution of 10′ FWHM, thus sampling physical scales from 0.4 to 40 pc in the nearest cloud. The column densities in the selected regions range from NH≈ 1021 to1023 cm-2, and hence they correspond to the bulk of the molecular clouds. The relative orientation is evaluated pixel by pixel and analysed in bins of column density using the novel statistical tool called “histogram of relative orientations”. Throughout this study, we assume that the polarized emission observed by Planck at 353 GHz is representative of the projected morphology of the magnetic field in each region, i.e., we assume a constant dust grain alignment efficiency, independent of the local environment. Within most clouds we find that the relative orientation changes progressively with increasing NH, from mostly parallel or having no preferred orientation to mostly perpendicular. In simulations of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in molecular clouds this trend in relative orientation is a signature of Alfvénic or sub-Alfvénic turbulence, implying that the magnetic field is significant for the gas dynamics at the scales probed by Planck. We compare the deduced magnetic field strength with estimates we obtain from other methods and discuss the implications of the Planck observations for the general picture of molecular cloud formation and evolution., The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement No. 267934.

Published
2016
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45. Optical-lattice-assisted magnetic phase transition in a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate

Author

Sandro Stringari, Tomoki Ozawa, Giovanni I. Martone, Chunlei Qu, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari (INFN, sezione di Bari), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)

Subjects
Physics, Quantum phase transition, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Optical lattice, Condensed matter physics, Bose gas, FOS: Physical sciences, Roton, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 3. Good health, law.invention, Particle in a one-dimensional lattice, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), law, Lattice (order), 0103 physical sciences, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, 010306 general physics, Bose–Einstein condensate, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Bloch wave
Abstract

We investigate the effect of a periodic potential generated by a one-dimensional optical lattice on the magnetic properties of an $S=1/2$ spin-orbit-coupled Bose gas. By increasing the lattice strength one can achieve a magnetic phase transition between a polarized and an unpolarized Bloch wave phase, characterized by a significant enhancement of the contrast of the density fringes. If the wave vector of the periodic potential is chosen close to the roton momentum, the transition could take place at very small lattice intensities, revealing the strong enhancement of the response of the system to a weak density perturbation. By solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in the presence of a three-dimensional trapping potential, we shed light on the possibility of observing the magnetic phase transition in currently available experimental conditions., 10 pages, 6 figures. Revised version, published in PRA

Published
2016
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46. Smooth foliations on homogeneous compact Kähler manifolds

Author

Federico Lo Bianco, Jorge Vitório Pereira, Institut de Recherche Mathématique de Rennes ( IRMAR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST-École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Rennes 2 ( UR2 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Univ Trent, Nanosci Lab, Dept Phys, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy, affiliation inconnue, Instituto de Matematica Pura e Aplicada ( IMPA ), CNPq, Institut de Recherche Mathématique de Rennes (IRMAR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Instituto de Matematica Pura e Aplicada (IMPA), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)

Subjects
Pure mathematics, Homogeneous manifolds, Mathematics::Dynamical Systems, Mathematics::Complex Variables, 010102 general mathematics, General Medicine, Codimension, 01 natural sciences, [ MATH.MATH-AG ] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG], Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Homogeneous, 0103 physical sciences, Foliation (geology), 010307 mathematical physics, [MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG], Mathematics::Differential Geometry, 0101 mathematics, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, Mathematics::Symplectic Geometry, Mathematics, Structured program theorem
Abstract

International audience; We study smooth foliations of arbitrary codimension on homogeneous compact K\"ahler manifolds. We prove that smooth foliations on rational compact homogeneous manifolds are locally trivial fibrations and classify the smooth foliations with all leaves analytically dense on compact homogeneous K\"ahler manifolds. Both results are builded upon a (rough) structure Theorem for smooth foliations on compact homogeneous K\"ahler manifolds obtained by comparison of the foliation and the Borel-Remmert decomposition of the ambient.

Published
2016
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47. The Agilkia boulders/pebbles size-frequency distributions: OSIRIS and ROLIS joint observations of 67P surface

Author

M. F. A'Hearn, Maurizio Pajola, Olivier Groussin, Detlef Koschny, M. A. Barucci, Nicolas Thomas, Björn Davidsson, H.-G. Grothues, Cecilia Tubiana, M. R. El Maarry, Cesare Barbieri, Clement Feller, Holger Sierks, Jessica Agarwal, Frank Scholten, Monica Lazzarin, Carsten Güttler, Wing-Huen Ip, Jean-Baptiste Vincent, Ivano Bertini, Laurent Jorda, Giampiero Naletto, Jakob Deller, Zhong-Yi Lin, Francesco Marzari, R. Rodrigo, J. P. Bibring, Matteo Massironi, Frank Preusker, Stefano Mottola, Stubbe F. Hviid, A. Gicquel, Marco Fulle, Marc Hofmann, Michael Küppers, F. La Forgia, P. J. Gutiérrez, M. De Cecco, Nilda Oklay, Antoine Pommerol, Harald Michalik, Maximilian Hamm, Ralf Jaumann, Steve Boudreault, V. Da Deppo, Harald Michaelis, H. U. Keller, Hans Rickman, Alice Lucchetti, J. L. Bertaux, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Philippe Lamy, Gabriele Arnold, Jörg Knollenberg, Sonia Fornasier, J.-R. Kramm, Stefano Debei, Ekkehard Kührt, L. M. Lara, Gabriele Cremonese, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institute of Geological Sciences [Berlin], Department of Earth Sciences [Berlin], Free University of Berlin (FU)-Free University of Berlin (FU), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Institute of Computer and Network Engineering [Braunschweig] (IDA), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Swedish National Space Board, European Space Agency, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), methods: data analysis –methods: statistical – comets: individual: 67P C-G, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Infrared, 530 Physics, statistical [methods], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Individual, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Methods statistical, individual: 67P C-G [comets], Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, 0103 physical sciences, Size frequency, data analysis [methods], 67P C-G, Methods, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, 14. Life underwater, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Joint (geology), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Physics, Statistical-comets, biology, methods: data Analysis methods: statistical comets: individual: 67P C G, 520 Astronomy, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, data analysis-methods, biology.organism_classification, 620 Engineering, Space and Planetary Science, Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Osiris
Abstract

By using the images acquired by the OSIRIS (Optical, Spectroscopic and Infrared Remote Imaging System) and ROLIS (ROsetta Lander Imaging System) cameras, we derive the size¿ frequency distribution (SFD) of cometary pebbles and boulders covering the size range 0.05¿ 30.0 m on the Agilkia landing site. The global SFD measured on OSIRIS images, reflects the different properties of the multiple morphological units present on Agilkia, combined with selection effects related to lifting, transport and redeposition. Contrarily, the different ROLIS SFD derived on the smooth and rough units may be related to their different regolith thickness present on Agilkia. In the thicker, smoother layer, ROLIS mainly measures the SFD of the airfall population which almost completely obliterates the signature of underlying boulders up to a size of the order of 1 m. This is well matched by the power-law index derived analysing coma particles identified by the grain analyser Grain Impact Analyser and Dust Accumulator. This result confirms the important blanketing dynamism of Agilkia. The steeper SFD observed in rough terrains from 0.4 to 2 m could point out intrinsic differences between northern and southern dust size distributions, or it may suggest that the underlying boulders `peek through¿ the thinner airfall layer in the rough terrain, thereby producing the observed excess in the decimetre size range. Eventually, the OSIRIS SFD performed on the Philae landing unit may be due to water sublimation from a static population of boulders, affecting smaller boulders before the bigger ones, thus shallowing the original SFD., The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France(CNES), Italy(ASI), Spain(MEC), Sweden(SNSB) and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.

Published
2016
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48. A mini outburst from the nightside of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko observed by the OSIRIS camera on Rosetta

Author

Frank Preusker, Hans Rickman, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Holger Sierks, Carsten Güttler, Michael Küppers, Cesare Barbieri, J.-R. Kramm, Giampiero Naletto, M. A. Barucci, W-H. Ip, Nilda Oklay, J. B. Vincent, Stefano Mottola, V. Da Deppo, Ivano Bertini, P. L. Lamy, Zhong-Yi Lin, Francesco Marzari, Michael F. A'Hearn, Stefano Debei, Detlef Koschny, Nicolas Thomas, B. J. R. Davidsson, Cecilia Tubiana, Monica Lazzarin, Stubbe F. Hviid, J. L. Bertaux, P. J. Gutiérrez, Dennis Bodewits, S. Fornasier, Frank Scholten, Ekkehard Kührt, L. M. Lara, Maurizio Pajola, Olivier Groussin, Marco Fulle, Horst Uwe Keller, Jörg Knollenberg, Rafael Rodrigo, M. De Cecco, Laurent Jorda, G. Cremonese, DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), European Space Agency (ESA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), and Universität Bern [Bern]

Subjects
Asteroiden und Kometen, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Comet dust, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Comet, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Power law, individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [Comets], 0103 physical sciences, Comets: general, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Methods: numerical, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, comets: general / comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko / methods: numerical, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Jet (fluid), numerical [Methods], Planetengeodäsie, Astronomy, general [Comets], 13. Climate action, Particle-size distribution, Radiance, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

Context. On 12 March 2015 the OSIRIS WAC camera onboard the ESA Rosetta spacecraft orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko observed a small outburst originating from the Imhotep region at the foot of the big lobe of the comet. These measurements are unique since it was the first time that the initial phase of a transient outburst event could be directly observed. Aims. We investigate the evolution of the dust jet in order to derive clues about the outburst source mechanism and the ejected dust particles, in particular the dust mass, dust-to-gas ratio and the particle size distribution. Methods. Analysis of the images and of the observation geometry using comet shape models in combination with gasdynamic modeling of the transient dust jet were the main tools used in this study. Synthetic images were computed for comparison with the observations. Results. Analysis of the geometry revealed that the source region was not illuminated until 1.5 h after the event implying true nightside activity was observed. The outburst lasted for less than one hour and the average dust production rate during the initial four minutes was of the order of 1 kg/s. During this time the outburst dust production rate was approximately constant, no sign for an initial explosion could be detected. For dust grains between 0.01-1 mm a power law size distribution characterized by an index of about 2.6 provides the best fit to the observed radiance profiles. The dust-to-gas ratio of the outburst jet is in the range 0.6-1.8. © 2016 ESO., The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France (CNES), Italy (ASI), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB; Grant No. 74/10:2), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged. H. Rickman was also supported by Grant No. 2011/01/B/ST9/05442 of the Polish National Science Center.

Published
2016
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49. Assessment of the main material issues for achieving an Er coupled to silicon nanoclusters infrared amplifier

Author

Larysa Khomenkova, Lorenzo Pavesi, Nicola Daldosso, Richard Rizk, Alessandro Pitanti, Fabrice Gourbilleau, Daniel Navarro-Urrios, Laboratorio di Nanoscienze, Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Silicon nanoclusters, Materials science, PACS: 78.55.-m, 78.66.-w, 81.15.Gh, Population, Silicon photonics, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Nanoclusters, Erbium, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), education, erbium, Optical amplifier, Waveguides, 010302 applied physics, education.field_of_study, business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Photon upconversion, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Excited state, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

In this work we present the state of the art of our work to obtain an infrared optical amplifier in which Er 3+ doped SiO 2 sensitised with Si nanoclusters (Si-nc) act as the active material to provide the signal amplification. As a result of a careful optimisation of the deposition parameters we have achieved that the Er 3+ fraction coupled with the Si-nc with respect to the total optically active Er 3+ content is about 23%. This result has been determined both by quantitative measurements of the first excited state population and by pump and probe amplification measurements under non-resonant pumping, where 1 dB cm −1 of internal gain (reduction of 2 dB cm −1 of the initial absorption losses) has been obtained. We will discuss several material issues that are mandatory to address and then overcome in order to optimise the fraction of Er 3+ coupled to Si-nc, with the aim of exciting all the ions through indirect transfer. In particular we will address: carrier absorption (CA) in Si-nc, cooperative up-conversion and non-radiative recombination in Er 3+ , together with the distance dependent interaction and Auger back-transfer processes in the Er/Si-nc coupled system.

Published
2009
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50. State-specific reactions and autoionization dynamics of Ar2+ produced by synchrotron radiation

Author

Daniela Ascenzi, Christian Alcaraz, Paolo Tosi, Héloïse Soldi-Lose, Zdenek Herman, Jan Zabka, Marcello Coreno, Roland Thissen, Monica de Simone, Davide Bassi, Odile Dutuit, Pietro Franceschi, Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de Planétologie de Grenoble (LPG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique D'Orsay (LCPO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), V. Čermák Laboratory, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Istituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e di Plasmi (IMIP)-CNR (IMIP-CNR), IMIP-CNR, Laboratorio Nazionale TASC, INFM-CNR, The Italian Government PRIN through Contract Nos. 2003035479 and 2005033911, the Grant Agency of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (IAAA400400702), and the IA-SFS European Network Contract

Subjects
Chemistry, Double ionization, Ion yield, 010401 analytical chemistry, Synchrotron radiation, Dication, Condensed Matter Physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, State specific, Photoionization, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic states, Autoionization, Ion molecule reaction, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Argon, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Spectroscopy, Charge exchange
Abstract

The long-lived excited states of doubly charged rare gases can markedly affect their reactivity. In this paper we demonstrate the presence of strong state-specific effects in the charge exchange of Ar 2+ ( 3 P, 1 D and 1 S) with several neutral targets (He, Ne, Kr, Xe, D 2 , and CH 4 ). State sensitive measurements have been performed by producing the different Ar 2+ electronic states via tunable synchrotron radiation (Elettra-Trieste, Italy and SuperACO-Orsay, France). From the product ion yield data of charge transfer, state-selected total cross-sections have been deduced. Using the state-specific reactivity of Ar 2+ towards different neutral targets, it has been possible to extract the photon-energy-dependent production branching of the three doubly charged states and to investigate the autoionization dynamics of neutral or singly charged Ar in the vicinity of the double ionization threshold.

Published
2009
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