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A sensor of refractive index of analytical liquid operating in the Kretschmann geometry and based on an oblique-incidence reflection interferometer (RI) is simulated for the first time, and its spectral properties are investigated. The principle of operation of the sensor is based on the effect of inverted surface plasmon resonance (ISPR). The sensitive structure represents the metal–dielectric multilayer coating consisting of thin nickel film in combination with quarter-wave dielectric layers. Simulation of the principle of RI fabrication under oblique incidence of light is described. Expressions governing sensitivity, spectral width of the ISPR-induced maximum in reflection, along with the figure of merit, are derived. It is demonstrated that this type of sensor can exhibit extremely high values of the figure of merit (>103) due to high Q factor.

Various issues of creation of diffractive optical elements transforming one laser beam with small divergence to a matrix of converging beams with a diffraction size of focused spots in the plane of object illumination and their application for problems of DNA sequencing and microscopy are considered. The parameters of diffractive elements are calculated and optimized in the approximation of the Fresnel–Kirchhoff diffraction theory. Diffractive elements are fabricated by the method of direct laser writing on a photoresist by using a circular laser writing system. Experimental characteristics of a diffractive element creating a matrix consisting of 33 × 33 beams, which are focused in one plane at a distance of 210 mm, are presented. The degree of nonuniformity of beam intensities determined by the ratio of beam intensities in the central region to intensities of peripheral beams is 1/2.5, which is potentially sufficient to be used in DNA sequencing problems. The maximum distortions of spot positions in the entire focusing field is

We have demonstrated the possibility of making a Raman laser with a random distributed feedback ensured by an array of 57 fibre Bragg gratings with random phases and amplitudes inscribed in a 13-m-long polarisation-maintaining passive fibre. The linearly polarised cw output power at a wavelength of 1092.3 nm reaches 5.7 W. The laser linewidth at the highest output power is about 80 pm. In the nearthreshold regime, we observe single-frequency lasing with a linewidth under 100 kHz as determined by self-heterodyne measurements.

Numerical modelling demonstrates the possibility of fabricating an all-fibre multibeam two-mirror reflection interferometer based on a metal–dielectric diffraction structure in its front mirror. The calculations were performed using eigenmodes of a double-clad single-mode fibre. The calculation results indicate that, using a metallic layer in the structure of the front mirror of such an interferometer and a diffraction effect, one can reduce the Ohmic loss by a factor of several tens in comparison with a continuous thin metallic film.

The paper presents the results of the thermochemical laser-induced periodic surface structures formation on Cr film at femtosecond irradiation with elliptical spot shape at different powers, repetition rate and scanning speeds.

Experimental method of temperature and strain discrimination with fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) sensors embedded in carbon fiber-reinforced plastic is proposed. The method is based on two-fiber technique, when two FBGs inscribed in different fibers with different sensitivities to strain and/or temperature are placed close to each other and act as a single sensing element. The nonlinear polynomial approximation of Bragg wavelength shift as a function of temperature and strain is presented for this method. The FBGs were inscribed with femtosecond laser by point-by-point inscription technique through polymer cladding of the fiber. The comparison of linear and nonlinear approximation accuracies for array of embedded sensors is performed. It is shown that the use of nonlinear approximation gives 1.5–2 times better accuracy. The obtained accuracies of temperature and strain measurements are 2.6–3.8°C and 50–83 μεin temperature and strain range of 30–120°C and 0–400 με, respectively.

The paper presents the results of investigation of the thermochemical laser-induced periodic surface structures (TLIPSS) formation on metalls film (Ti, Ni, Cr) at femtosecond irradiation with different spot sizes, pulse powers, polarization directions. Also the results of selective TLIPSS etching for transfer a topology of TLIPSS into metal underlayer are presented.

In this paper, we present the study of the thermochemical laser-induced periodic surface structures (TLIPSS) formation on a thin chromium film under femtosecond laser (λ = 1026 nm, τ = 232 fs) irradiation focused on the astigmatic spot with an axis ratio of ≈1/10 and a width along the long side of 155 µm. The effect of the number of laser pulses and the repetition rate (2–200 kHz) on the formation of the structures is investigated. Variation of the number of pulses allowed us to observe the dynamics of the formation of structures. It has been found that the ordering of TLIPSS structures increases with increasing repetition rate of laser pulses, which is explained by the heat accumulation effect on the oxidation process and, consequently, on the formation of TLIPSS structures in the case of a high repetition rate of pulses, which is confirmed by the results of numerical modelling. This effect leads to a different oxidation dynamics and the formation of various types of oxides: predominance of CrO2 in the case of a high-rate impact and an increase in the contribution of Cr2O3 in the case of a low repetition rate of pulses.

A technique of single-longitudinal-mode selection in a fiber laser by means of a fiber multiple-beam reflection interferometer (FRI) has been experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The laser is based on a semiconductor optical amplifier placed in a linear fiber cavity formed by a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), and the FRI generates at 1529.24 nm with output power of 1 mW in single-frequency regime with a linewidth of about 217 kHz and polarization extinction ratio of >30 dB. The FRI technique potentially enables fast tuning (within the FBG bandwidth of ~0.9 nm in our case) by varying the base length of the FRI that can be used in a number of practical applications.