Author: "Philippe Guéguen" / Topic: 0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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49 results on '"Philippe Guéguen"'

1. Structural change detection applying long-term seismic interferometry by deconvolution method to a modern civil engineering structure (New Zealand)

Author: Caroline Holden, Anna Maria Skłodowska, John Finnegan, Philippe Guéguen, Geoff Sidwell, Sklodowska, A. M., Holden, C., Gueguen, P., Finnegan, J., and Sidwell, G.
Subjects: Earthquake, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Building model, Seismic interferometry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Civil engineering, Earthquakes, New-Zealand, Resonance frequency, Timoshenko beam-like model, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering, Hydrogeology, Seismic loading, Building and Construction, Fundamental frequency, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Term (time), Geophysics, Structural health monitoring, Deconvolution, Geology
Abstract: Pulse-wave propagation velocity and resonance frequency measured in civil engineering structures are both related to structural design. Monitoring their variation following seismic strong shaking provides information about the immediate building capacity. Joint-interpretation of frequency and velocity variation requires a better understanding of the processes controlling seismic structural health. In this study, we analysed 8 years of earthquake data recorded by the vertical array installed in the Te Puni building in Wellington, New Zealand, as part of the GeoNet building instrumentation programme. Co-seismic variations of pulse wave velocity and fundamental frequency are analysed and interpreted through a Timoshenko beam-like building model. This study shows that even though no structural damage was visually reported over the considered time of monitoring, co- and post-seismic variation of both parameters’ values are observed for almost all earthquakes, including a permanent shift following strong ground shaking. Variations of pulse-wave velocity and resonance frequency are cross-interpreted in terms of the building model. They reflect a time variant building response, correlated with the seismic loading. In addition, time delay of the pulse-wave velocity as a function of the building height provides relevant information on the location of the changes and confirms the efficient cross-interpretation of both methods for seismic Structural Health monitoring.
Published: 2021
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2. Rainfall-Induced Variation of Seismic Waves Velocity in Soil and Implications for Soil Response: What the ARGONET (Cephalonia, Greece) Vertical Array Data Reveal

Author: Fabrice Hollender, Philippe Guéguen, and Zafeiria Roumelioti
Subjects: Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Variation (astronomy), 01 natural sciences, Seismic wave, Geology, Seismology, Vertical array, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We apply interferometry by deconvolution to compute the shear-wave velocity in shallow sediments (0–83.4 m) based on earthquake records from a vertical accelerometric array (ARGOstoli Network [ARGONET]) on Cephalonia Island, Greece. Analysis of the time variation of measured values reveals a cyclical pattern, which correlates negatively to rainfall and a soil moisture proxy. The pattern includes a sharp reduction in velocity at the beginning of rainy seasons and a gradual rise toward dry periods, the overall variation being around 20%–25% within the shallowest depth interval examined (0–5.6 m) and estimated to reach 40% within the top 2 m. The variation itself and its amplitude are verified by surface-wave dispersion analysis, using ambient vibration data. Synthetic standard spectral ratios suggest that this seasonal effect leaves an imprint on soil response, causing differences in the level of high-frequency ground motion between dry and rainy seasons, and this is verified by earthquake records. Furthermore, the near-surface velocity decrease due to soil saturation can be of the same order of magnitude as the nonlinear coseismic variation, masking the physical process of the nonlinear response of the site due to weak-to-strong-motion shaking. Thus, seasonal variations of seismic-wave velocities in shallow sediments may be important for a number of site-effect related topics, such as high-frequency ground-motion variability, soil anisotropy, kappa measurements, nonlinear site response, and so on.
Published: 2020
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3. METACity‐Quito: A Semi‐Dense Urban Seismic Network Deployed to Analyze the Concept of Metamaterial for the Future Design of Seismic‐Proof Cities

Author: Coralie Aubert, Isabelle Douste‐Bacqué, Ildut Pondaven, Philippe Langlaude, Daniel Pacheco, Philippe Guéguen, Juan Gabriel Barros, Michel Pernoud, L. Fabian Bonilla, Mutiara Cripstyani, Stéphane Mercier, Mathieu Perrault, E. Diego Mercerat, J. C. Singaucho, and David Wolyniec
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Metamaterial, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Civil engineering, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The presence of multiscale interactions means that the complex urban wavefield must be observed and analyzed in order to understand seismic ground motion in urban environments. Originally called site–city interaction, the interactions between soil and structures, structures and soil, and between structures contribute to the modification of urban seismic ground motion. This may affect the lateral variability of the ground motion observed in relation to earthquake damage, the characterization of site effects in urban areas, and also the response of civil engineering structures designed without consideration of the immediate urban environment. The METACity‐Quito experiment was designed to take accurate measurements of the effects of the resonator array formed by structures in the seismic wavefield, in the manner of an urban metamaterial. Current applications in the fields of physics, acoustics and, more recently, geophysics have shown the existence of forbidden bands, that is, frequencies at which seismic energy vanishes. This concept could help to understand the heterogeneous distribution of damage in urban areas as well as to imagine the future design of seismic‐proof cities.
Published: 2019
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4. Parametric Study on the Interpretation of Wave Velocity Obtained by Seismic Interferometry in Beam‐Like Buildings

Author: Philippe Guéguen, E. Diego Mercerat, and Felipe Alarcon
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Wave velocity, Seismic interferometry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Interpretation (model theory), Geophysics, Optics, Geochemistry and Petrology, business, Geology, Beam (structure), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Parametric statistics
Abstract: In this article, we propose an interpretation of the propagation velocities of the pulse wave obtained in vertical structures through seismic interferometry by deconvolution. The novelty of this article is to propose a parametric study applied to canonical finite‐element models of fixed‐base buildings from pure‐shear to pure‐bending beam‐like buildings, adjusted to equivalent Timoshenko beam‐like structures. For given input seismic motions, the time histories of the horizontal displacement at each floor are obtained and used to estimate the propagation velocity of the pulse wave by deconvolution. A frequency–wavenumber technique is used to highlight the dispersive characteristics of the pulse wave. The obtained velocity is compared with the theoretical dispersion curve of the Timoshenko beam‐like structure and interpreted according to the nature of the structure. We propose a corrective coefficient to link the first resonance frequency of the building to the velocity obtained by deconvolution, according to the shear‐to‐bending ratio. Finally, we compare specific Timoshenko beam models with a number of previously published studies on the experimental interpretation of velocity in real‐case buildings for which soil–structure interaction conditions are different from the fixed‐base conditions of the Timoshenko beam‐like structure.
Published: 2019
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5. RÉSIF-SI : Un système d'information distribué pour les données sismologiques françaises

Author: Serge Olivier, Rima Bouazzouz, Nikolai M. Shapiro, Jean-Marie Saurel, Helle Pedersen, Sophie Lambotte, Jonathan Schaeffer, Philippe Bollard, David Wolyniec, Sandrine Roussel, Philippe Guéguen, Catherine Péquegnat, Florent Brenguier, Eric Debayle, Olivier Dewée, Mickael Langlais, Eléonore Stutzmann, Jérôme Vergne, Coralie Aubert, Grégory Arneodo, Jérôme Touvier, Bertrand Delouis, Pierre Volcke, Marie Calvet, Patrick Arnoul, Jérôme Chèze, Arnaud Lemarchand, A. Walpersdorf, Claudio Satriano, François Schindelé, Wayne C Crawford, Marc Grunberg, Olivier Geber, Diane Rivet, Martin Vallée, Emeline Maufroy, Laurent Stehly, Constanza Pardo, Anne Paul, Fabrice Peix, Fabien Engels, Antoine Mocquet, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Gustave Eiffel, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), System of Observation and Experimentation for Research and the Environment (SOERE)Ministry of Ecological Transition, ANR-11-EQPX-0040,RESIF-CORE,Réseau sismologique et géodésique français : l'équipement fondamental(2011), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Data management, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, data access, Information system, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Data collection, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], End user, business.industry, Data science, Résif, Metadata, Geophysics, Data access, Data exchange, Data center, seismological data, data management, France, business
Abstract: International audience; The Résif project, which started in 2008, aims at gathering under a common research infrastructure the French seismological, Global Navigation Satellite Systems and gravimeter permanent networks, as well as the mobile instrument pools. A central part of Résif is its seismological information system, Système d'Information de Résif (Résif‐SI) (started in 2012), which is in charge of collecting, validating, archiving, and distributing seismological data and metadata from seven national centers. Résif‐SI follows a distributed architecture, in which the six data collection and validation centers (A‐nodes) send validated data and metadata to a national data center (Résif Data Center [Résif‐DC]), which is the central point for data archiving and distribution. Résif‐SI is based on international standard formats and protocols, and is fully integrated into European and international data exchange systems (European Integrated Data Archive, European Plate Observing System [EPOS], Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology, International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks). In this article, we present the organization of Résif‐SI, the technical details of its implementation, and the catalog of services provided to the end users. The article is aimed both at seismologists, who want to discover and use Résif data, and at data center operators, who might be interested in the technical choices made in the implementation of Résif‐SI. We believe that Résif‐SI can be a model for other countries facing the problem of integrating different organizations into a centralized seismological information system.; Le Système d'Information sismologique de Résif (Résif-SI), dont la construction a commencé en 2012, est chargé de collecter, valider, archiver et distribuer les données et métadonnées des stations sismologiques opérés par les établissements de recherche français et leur partenaires. Il a été construit par l'intégration des infrastructures de données issues des réseaux permanents français, qui se sont fédérés au sein de Résif et ont harmonisé leurs pratiques et leurs formats d’archivage, de description et de distribution des séries temporelles sismologiques. Le résultat est une architecture distribuée organisée en six centres de collecte et de validation qui envoient les données et métadonnées validées à un centre national (Résif Data Center) qui archive et distribue l'ensemble des séries temporelles. Résif-SI est basé sur des formats et des protocoles standard internationaux, à la définition et développement desquels il participe activement. Il est entièrement intégré dans les systèmes d'échange de données européens et internationaux et constitue l’un des douze nœuds de l’archive européenne Eida (European Integrated Data Archive de l’European plate observing system – Epos,).L'article de SRL présente notamment l'organisation de Résif-SI, les détails techniques de sa mise en œuvre et le catalogue des services fournis aux utilisateurs finaux.
Published: 2021
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6. Comparing Direct Observation of Torsion with Array-Derived Rotation in Civil Engineering Structures

Author: Theo Laudat, Philippe Guéguen, Frédéric Guattari, and Coralie Aubert
Subjects: Impulse wave, structural health monitoring (SHM), 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Seismic interferometry, Seismic noise, lcsh:Chemical technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, rotation, City-Hall Grenoble, Analytical Chemistry, lcsh:TP1-1185, array-derived, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, business.industry, Communication, Direct observation, Torsion (mechanics), Structural integrity, Structural engineering, buildings, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Amplitude, Deconvolution, business, Geology, civil engineering
Abstract: In this article, we analyze the rotation rates in a building derived from a network of translation sensors and recorded by a rotation sensor. The building is Grenoble city hall, a reinforced concrete structure with permanent accelerometric translation sensors at the top and bottom of the building. A temporary experiment was conducted, consisting in installing a BlueSeis-3A rotation sensor for more than 24 h at the top of the structure. The ambient vibrations were analyzed. The amplitudes of translation accelerations and rotation rates at the top and bottom of the building, along with their variations over time, were analyzed. The acceleration/rotation ratios were then compared with the impulse wave velocities derived from seismic interferometry by deconvolution between the top and bottom. Perspectives with regard to building imaging, time monitoring of structural integrity and understanding the contribution of rotations to the structure’s response are discussed, offering new suggestions for research projects.
Published: 2020

7. Structural health building response induced by earthquakes: Material softening and recovery

Author: Philippe Guéguen and Ariana Astorga
Subjects: recovery process, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, seismic structural health, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95, lcsh:TA1-2040, 13. Climate action, building damage, 0103 physical sciences, bond system, Geotechnical engineering, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, resonance frequencies, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), 010306 general physics, earthquakes, Softening, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Under proper loading conditions, micro‐to‐nanoscale heterogeneities (ie, the bond system) that are commonly found within the materials of a system can coalesce until causing macroscopic alterations of the system properties. The bond system is responsible for atypical and invariant‐scale nonlinear elastic processes in granular media, from laboratory‐tested materials (mm) to the Earth's crust (km). The unusual observed behavior involves slow recovery, or relaxation, of the elastic properties after dynamic loading. Several models have been designed to explain non‐linear elasticity, although their physics is still partially unknown. Here, we show that recovery processes are also observed at intermediary scales (m) in civil engineering structures, and that they might be related to structural health due to the healing of cracks. For Japanese buildings subjected to earthquakes, we observe rapid co‐seismic reductions of their resonance frequency, followed by fascinating recoveries over different time scales. For the first time, slow recovery is presented in buildings over short times (ie, seconds) for a single earthquake; over intermediate times (ie, months) for a sequence of aftershocks; and over long times (ie, years) for a series of earthquakes. This study focuses on the analysis of long‐term recovery and recovery during aftershocks, in order to detect permanent damage. By comparing two buildings with different damage levels after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, we show how relaxation models can characterize the level of cracking caused by damaging events. Our results demonstrate that nonlinear elasticity, combined with existing monitoring techniques, can be a powerful approach for damage detection and damage characterization.
Published: 2020
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8. Monitoring Coseismic Temporal Changes of Shallow Material during Strong Ground Motion with Interferometry and Autocorrelation

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Luis Fabian Bonilla, Yehuda Ben-Zion, Sols, Roches et Ouvrages Géotechniques (IFSTTAR/GERS/SRO), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Communauté Université Paris-Est, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California, and University of California (UC)
Subjects: INTERFEROMETRIE, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], PROPAGATION DES ONDES, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geodesy, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Strong ground motion, Interferometry, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, INSTRUMENTATION, SISMOLOGIE, MONITORING, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Temporal changes of seismic velocities generated at the subsurface by the 2011 Mw 9 Tohoku earthquake in Japan are analyzed using interferometry and autocorrelation of waveforms recorded by surface and borehole sensors at the KiK-net station IBRH16. Spectral ratios and interferometry of data recorded in moving time windows at the surface and a depth of 300 m exhibit clear time delays and reduction of the predominant frequency during the strong ground motion followed by partial recovery in the waveform coda. Converting the time-delay evolution to velocity changes implies about 30% velocity reduction in the structure between the two sensors. Calculating temporal evolution with autocorrelation of data at the surface sensor in the moving time window indicates about 50% velocity reduction, reflecting changes of shallower material below the station. Computing autocorrelations of data recorded by the surface sensor with the Stockwell transform allows monitoring temporal changes with higher resolution that approaches the sampling rate of the waveforms. Using this technique, we estimate about 60% drop of seismic velocity below the surface sensor during strong ground motion followed again by partial recovery in the coda. These results provide fundamental information on in situ dynamic properties of soils and damaged shallow rocks that complement laboratory measurements, with important implications for constitutive equations of material degradation and healing and nonlinear site effects.
Published: 2019
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9. Recovery of the resonance frequency of buildings following strong seismic deformation as a proxy for structural health

Author: Ariana Astorga, Jacques Rivière, Philippe Guéguen, Paul A. Johnson, and Toshihide Kashima
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Mechanical Engineering, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Biophysics, 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Modal, Structural health monitoring, Nonlinear elasticity, Geology, Excitation, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Elastic properties of civil engineering structures change when subjected to a dynamic excitation. The modal frequencies show a rapid decrease followed by a relaxation, or slow recovery, that is dependent on the level of damage. In this article, we analyze the slow recovery process applying three relaxation models to fit real earthquake data recorded in a Japanese building that shows variant structural state over 20 years. Despite the differences in conditions, the different scales and the complexity of a real-scale problem, the models originally developed for laboratory experiments are well adapted to real building data. The relaxation parameters (i.e. frequency variation, recovery slope, characteristic times and their amplitudes, and range of relaxation times) are able to characterize the structural state, given their clear connection to the degree of fracturing and mechanical damage to the building. The recovery process following strong seismic deformation, could, therefore, be a suitable proxy to monitor structural health.
Published: 2019
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10. Consideration of the Effects of Air Temperature on Structural Health Monitoring through Traffic Light-Based Decision-Making Tools

Author: Alexandru Tiganescu and Philippe Guéguen
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Article Subject, Association rule learning, Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, Anomaly (natural sciences), 0211 other engineering and technologies, Process (computing), 02 engineering and technology, Seismic noise, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Temperature measurement, lcsh:QC1-999, Reliability engineering, Modal, Mechanics of Materials, Production (economics), Structural health monitoring, lcsh:Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: The real-time analysis of a structure’s integrity associated with a process to estimate damage levels improves the safety of people and assets and reduces the economic losses associated with interrupted production or operation of the structure. The appearance of damage in a building changes its dynamic response (frequency, damping, and/or modal shape), and one of the most effective methods for the continuous assessment of integrity is based on the use of ambient vibrations. However, although resonance frequency can be used as an indicator of change, misinterpretation is possible since frequency is affected not only by the occurrence of damage but also by certain operating conditions and particularly certain atmospheric conditions. In this study, after analyzing the correlation of resonance frequency values with temperature for one building, we use the data mining method called “association rule learning” (ARL) to predict future frequencies according to temperature measurements. We then propose an anomaly interpretation strategy using the “traffic light” method.
Published: 2018
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11. The fluctuation–dissipation theorem used as a proxy for damping variations in real engineering structures

Author: Philippe Roux, Philippe Guéguen, and Marc-Antoine Brossault
Subjects: Physics, Fluctuation-dissipation theorem, Damping ratio, Scattering, Mechanics, Seismic noise, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Modal, Amplitude, Dynamic loading, 0103 physical sciences, Structural health monitoring, 010301 acoustics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: The damping ratio and the resonance frequency represent relevant health indicators in structural health monitoring, and they are key parameters in the design of buildings. The combination of two modal parameters (i.e., damping, frequency) is reported to vary in time due to changes in environmental conditions, and with damage to the structure and dynamic loading. Amplitude dependence of the damping and frequency parameters has also been reported for strong loading, such as strong winds. However, none of these reasons can explain the much higher fluctuations of the damping values compared to the resonance frequency in the amplitude range of natural ambient vibrations. The objective here is to investigate if any amplitude dependence in this lower range of loading can explain the observed differences in the scattering of these two modal parameters. To do so, the first approach consists of a study of vertical clamp-free beams made out of different materials. Secondly, the observations and interpretations obtained are scaled up to buildings under continuous monitoring. Finally, we consider the fluctuation–dissipation theorem to explain these uncommon results.
Published: 2018
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12. Nonlinear Elasticity Observed in Buildings during a Long Sequence of Earthquakes

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Toshihide Kashima, and Ariana Astorga
Subjects: Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, Mathematical analysis, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nonlinear elasticity, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sequence (medicine)
Published: 2018
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13. Interpretation of the velocity measured in buildings by seismic interferometry based on Timoshenko beam theory under weak and moderate motion

Author: Philippe Guéguen and Clotaire Michel
Subjects: Physics, Timoshenko beam theory, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, business.industry, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Soil Science, Resonance, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Structural engineering, Fundamental frequency, Seismic interferometry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 01 natural sciences, Shear (geology), Shear wall, Structural health monitoring, business, Scaling, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: Application of seismic interferometry in buildings gained interest in the recent years for structural health monitoring. It allows us to derive the shear wave velocity for an equivalent homogeneous medium representing the structure. Previous authors suggested using a shear beam model to compute the fundamental frequency of the structure out of this velocity. This model is however not adapted to a large part of existing buildings having different behaviors. In this paper, we propose a correction factor from shear beam and based on the Timoshenko beam to link the fundamental frequencies with the observed pulse velocity and the relative effects of shear and bending. This factor provides corrections up to 60% in frequency with respect to the shear beam model. The proposed correction factor shows that the higher velocities observed in the literature for shear wall buildings compared to frame buildings is compensated by their bending flexibility, resulting in resonance frequencies scaling similarly with building height. This model is applied to an 18-story reinforced concrete shear wall building (Ophite tower). The observed pulse velocity obtained by seismic interferometry in this building was about 500 m/s correlated to the resonance frequency by the correction factor. We show that variations of velocity in this structure and the well-studied Factor building (California), related to non-linear behavior at low-strains (down to 10−5), can be retrieved with seismic interferometry, demonstrating that this method is sensitive enough for structural health monitoring.
Published: 2018
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14. Modeling of damage-related earthquake losses in a moderate seismic-prone country and cost–benefit evaluation of retrofit investments: application to France

Author: Philippe Guéguen and Ismael Riedel
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Atmospheric Science, Engineering, business.industry, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Poison control, 02 engineering and technology, Induced seismicity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Civil engineering, Earthquake scenario, Seismic hazard, Natural hazard, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Urban seismic risk, Retrofitting, Seismic risk, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: We performed large-scale earthquake economic loss estimations for France and cost–benefit analyses for several French cities by developing a semiempirical, intensity-based approach. The proposed methodology is inexpensive and easily applicable in case of a paucity of detailed information regarding the specific regional seismic hazard and the structural characteristics of the building stock, which is of particular importance in moderate-to-low seismic hazard regions. The exposure model is derived from census datasets, and the seismic vulnerability distribution of buildings is calculated using data mining techniques. Several hypothetical, large-scale retrofit scenarios are proposed, with increasing levels of investment. These cities, in their respective reinforced states, are then subjected to a series of hazard scenarios. Seismic hazard data for different return periods are calculated from regulatory accelerations from French seismic zoning. Loss estimations for the original (non-reinforced) configuration show high levels of expected building repair and replacement costs for all time spans. Finally, the benefits in terms of damage avoidance are compared with the costs of each retrofit measure. Relatively limited strengthening investments reduce the probability of building collapse, which is the main cause of human casualties. However, the results of this study suggest that retrofitting is, on average, only cost-effective in the parts of France with the highest seismicity and over the longest time horizons.
Published: 2017
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15. Prediction of non-linear site response using downhole array data and numerical modeling: The Belleplaine (Guadeloupe) case study

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Céline Gélis, Luis Fabian Bonilla, E. Diego Mercerat, Fernando Lopez-Caballero, Séismes et Vibrations (IFSTTAR/GERS/SV), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Communauté Université Paris-Est, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de mécanique des sols, structures et matériaux (MSSMat), CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Equipe-projet MOUVGS (Cerema Equipe-projet MOUVGS), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement (Cerema), and Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lag, [SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique, [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Seismic interferometry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geodesy, 01 natural sciences, Transfer function, Physics::Geophysics, Nonlinear system, Geophysics, Shear (geology), Geochemistry and Petrology, [SPI.GCIV.DV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Dynamique, vibrations, Shear velocity, Particle velocity, Deconvolution, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: In this study, we analyze the acceleration time histories data at the Belleplaine (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) vertical array, recorded between 2008 and 2014, to evaluate the seismic response of sediments. First, we apply seismic interferometry by deconvolution method to compute the in-situ shear wave velocity between the sensor at the surface and the two shallow sensors located at GL-15m and GL-39m depth. The efficiency of this method is discussed by studying the variability of the velocity profile obtained and comparing with the in-situ geophysical survey of the site. Computed strains between sensors remain very weak, lower than 10 −5 , meaning that nonlinearities are not expected for these events. Moreover, the small dispersion of shear wave velocities values deduced from seismic interferometry may be related to the elastic behavior of the soil column. Furthermore, the transfer functions between each sensor combination are inverted to obtain a new velocity profile compatible with the geological knowledge of the site. The lag times calculated by seismic interferometry are then used to constrain random perturbations of the inverted velocity profile, allowing to study the variability of the 1D soil response. Since recorded motion has a PGA less than 10 cm/s2 in the dataset, we numerically predict the nonlinear response of the site using strong motion from a worldwide dataset. Furthermore, we study the ratio between the PGV and the medium shear velocity as a proxy showing the development of shear deformation during strong motion. Finally, using strong motion events from a worldwide dataset, we numerically predict the nonlinear response of the site based on shear wave velocity variation and the strain proxy computed by the particle velocity versus shear wave velocity ratio. We conclude that seismic interferometry by deconvolution is a robust and accurate solution to help extracting the shear wave velocity profile and to monitor the soil nonlinear response. This technique can be used when strong earthquakes will be recorded at this experimental site in order to track and assess nonlinear effects in the soil column.
Published: 2017
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16. Comparing Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Maps with ShakeMap Footprints for Indonesia

Author: Adrien Pothon, Philippe Guéguen, Pierre-Yves Bard, Sylvain Buisine, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
Subjects: Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; In this study focused on France, we explore the uncertainties related to choices made while building a source model for hazard assessment and we quantify the impact on probabilistic hazard estimates. Earthquake recurrence models are initially built from the French Seismic CATalog (FCAT, Manchuel et al. in Bull Earthq Eng, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-017-0236-1). We set up a logic tree that includes two alternative seismogenic source models (ESHM13 and Baize et al. in Bull Soc Géol Fr 184(3):225–259, 2013), two versions of FCAT catalog, two alternative declustering algorithms, and three alternative minimum magnitudes for earthquake recurrence modeling. We calculate the hazard for six cities (i.e. Nantes, Lourdes, Clermont-Ferrand, Briançon, Nice and Strasbourg) that are located in source zones with a minimum amount of data to work with. Results are displayed for the PGA and spectral period 0.2 s, at return periods 475 and 5000 years. Exploration of the logic tree shows that the parameters with the most impact on hazard results are the minimum magnitude used in the recurrence modeling (up to 31%) and the selection of the seismogenic source model (up to 30%). We also use the SHARE European Earthquake Catalog (SHEEC, Woessner et al. in Bull Earthquake Eng, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-015-9795-1) to build earthquake recurrence models and compare hazard values obtained with the FCAT logic tree. Comparisons are limited because of the low number of events available in some sources in SHEEC; however, results show that, depending on the site considered, the earthquake catalog selection can also strongly impact the hazard estimates (up to 50%). The FCAT logic tree is combined with four ground-motion models (Bindi et al. in Bull Earthq Eng 12(1):391–430, 2014; Boore et al. in Earthq Spectra 30(3):1057–1085, 2014; Cauzzi et al. in Bull Earthq Eng 13(6):1587–1612, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-014-9685-y; Drouet and Cotton in Bull Seismol Soc Am 105(4):1883–1902, 2015) to account for the epistemic uncertainty on the prediction of ground-motion. Exploration of the logic tree shows that the contribution of ground-motion model uncertainties can be larger than, equivalent to, or lower than the contribution of the source-model uncertainties to the overall hazard variability. Which component controls overall uncertainty depends on the site, spectral period and return period. Finally, exploring the logic tree provides a distribution for the ratios between hazard levels at 5000 and 475 years return periods, revealing that the ratios only slightly depend on source-model uncertainties, vary strongly from site to site, and can take values between 3 and 5, which is significantly higher than what is commonly assumed in the engineering community.
Published: 2020
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17. Slow dynamics process observed in civil engineering structures to detect structural heterogeneities

Author: Philippe Roux, Philippe Guéguen, J. C. Singaucho, Marc-Antoine Brossault, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0103 physical sciences, Resonance, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 010301 acoustics, 01 natural sciences, Civil engineering, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: Under strong seismic excitation, the resonance frequencies of civil engineering structures rapidly decrease, followed by slow recovery back to their initial values if there is no damage. In this study, we show that as for laboratory trials with rock samples, the properties of the slow recovery characterise the level of heterogeneities, and in this case, the damage rate. First, we validate this concept with laboratory tests applied to continuous beam-like structures in damaged and undamaged states. One recent model is used to fit the observed recoveries, and we show that its parameters (i.e., frequency variation, recovery slope, characteristic times) change with the health of the equivalent structure. In a second step, this concept is applied to two civil engineering structures that experience earthquakes: the first (Factor Building, USA) without observed damage; and the second (Geophysics Institute building, Ecuador) that experienced a fore/ main/ after-shock sequence with apparent damage that was characterised by a permanent drop in resonance frequency. The efficiency of the proposed model is confirmed for monitoring and for the fit of the frequency recovery. We conclude that the recovery process is a clear proxy of the structural state, and that this could be helpful for seismic monitoring of structural health during earthquake sequences.
Published: 2020
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18. Historical Earthquake Scenarios for the Middle Strand of the North Anatolian Fault Deduced from Archeo-Damage Inventory and Building Deformation Modeling

Author: Yacine Benjelloun, Laurent Baillet, Hélène Dessales, Philippe Guéguen, Mustafa Sahin, Julia de Sigoyer, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Archéologie et Philologie d'Orient et d'Occident (AOROC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Uludağ - Département d'Archéologie, Uludağ Üniversitesi = Uludag University, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Sciences de l'Antiquité - ENS Paris (DSA ENS-PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and ANR-18-IDEX-0001,Université de Paris,Université de Paris(2018)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], North Anatolian Fault, Magnitude (mathematics), [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Fault (geology), Induced seismicity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, RISQUE NATUREL, law, Repartition, Radiocarbon dating, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, CATASTROPHE NATURELLE, Obelisk, HISTOIRE, Geophysics, Deformation modeling, SEISME, Seismology, Geology
Abstract: The city of İznik (ancient Nicaea), located on the middle strand of the North Anatolian fault zone (MNAF), presents outstanding archeological monuments preserved from the Roman and Ottoman periods (first to fifteenth centuries A.D.), bearing deformations that can be linked to past seismic shaking. To constrain the date and intensity of these historical earthquakes, a systematic survey of earthquake archeological effects (EAEs) is carried out on the city’s damaged buildings. Each of the 235 EAEs found is given a quality ranking, and the corresponding damage is classified according to the European Macroseismic Scale 1998 (EMS-98). We show that the walls oriented north–south were preferentially damaged, and that most deformations are perpendicular to the walls’ axes. The date of postseismic repairs is constrained with available archeological data and new C14 dating of mortar charcoals. Three damage episodes are evidenced: (1) between the sixth and late eighth centuries, (2) between the nineth and late eleventh centuries A.D., and (3) after the late fourteenth century A.D. The repartition of damage as a function of building vulnerability points toward a global intensity VIII on the EMS-98. The 3D modeling of a deformed Roman obelisk shows that only earthquakes rupturing the MNAF can account for this deformation. Their magnitude can be bracketed between Mw 6 and 7. Our archeoseismological study complements the historical seismicity catalog and confirms paleoseismological data, suggesting several destructive earthquakes along the MNAF, since the first century A.D. We suggest the fault might still have accumulated enough stress to generate an Mw 7+ rupture.
Published: 2020
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19. Seismic vulnerability assessment using association rule learning: application to the city of Constantine, Algeria

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Mostefa Mimoune, and Abdelheq Guettiche
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Atmospheric Science, Engineering, Association rule learning, Injury control, business.industry, Accident prevention, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Poison control, 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), Vulnerability assessment, Natural hazard, Statistics, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Seismic risk, business, Cartography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: We performed a seismic vulnerability assessment of the city of Constantine (Algeria) using the Risk-UE and datamining-based methods [association rule learning (ARL)]. The ARL method consists in establishing relationships between building attributes (number of stories or building age) and the vulnerability classes of the European Macro-seismic Scale, EMS98. This approach avoids the costly process of drawing up an inventory of building characteristics in the field, which often discourages the assessment of seismic risk initiatives in weak to moderate seismic-prone regions. We showed that the accuracy of the assessment is independent of the subset used for the learning phase leading to development of the Constantine vulnerability proxy. Considering only two attributes, the vulnerability assignment is equal to about 75%, reaching 99% if material is added to the attributes considered. Comparison of Risk-UE and ARL results revealed a reliable assessment of vulnerability, the differences having only a slight impact on the probability of exceeding the damage level computed by EMS98 or Risk-UE in Constantine. The results of this study suggest that the ARL-based vulnerability proxy is efficient and could be applied to the rest of Algeria.
Published: 2017
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20. How sensitive are site effects and building response to extreme cold temperature? The case of the Grenoble’s (France) City Hall building

Author: Isabelle Douste-Bacqué, Philippe Guéguen, Christophe Voisin, Stéphane Garambois, and Mickael Langlais
Subjects: Hydrogeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stiffness, Building and Construction, Seismic noise, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, Geophysics, Soil structure interaction, medicine, Deconvolution, medicine.symptom, Structural geology, Roof, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: In this paper, a simple analysis is done to explain the observed increase of resonance frequency of City-Hall building in Grenoble (France), a 12-story reinforced concrete building. This period corresponds also to the observed variation of the resonance frequency of the Grenoble’s sedimentary basin. The postulated hypothesis is that the frequency increase reflects the stiffness increase of the soil–structure system related to the cold period that hit Western Europe in 2012. To explore this hypothesis we have processed continuous recording during the early 2012 recorded at the roof level and at a close free-field accelerometric station. The variation of site effect is monitored by the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio of seismic noise, and the variation of apparent and system frequencies of the building by the random decrement technique. Apparent frequency is computed by deconvolution method between roof and basement. The maximum freezing penetration is 0.75 m and the horizontal relative motion stiffness of the foundation is strongly sensitive to the modification of the upper soil layer. The results suggest a variation (
Published: 2016
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21. PGA-PGV/Vs considered as a stress–strain proxy for predicting nonlinear soil response

Author: Luis Fabian Bonilla, Johanes Chandra, Philippe Guéguen, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Séismes et Vibrations (IFSTTAR/GERS/SV), and Communauté Université Paris-Est-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)
Subjects: INTERFEROMETRIE, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, SEISMIC INTERFEROMETRY, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Soil Science, Soil science, EQUIVALENT-LINEAR RESPONSE, Seismic interferometry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, COMPORTEMENT NON LINEAIRE, REPONSE SISMIQUE, Geotechnical engineering, Particle velocity, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering, Centrifuge, SOL, Stress–strain curve, KIK-NET AND K-NET NETWORKS, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Particle acceleration, Nonlinear system, SEISME, Seismic array, Deconvolution, Geology
Abstract: In this paper, a relationship proxy for predicting the nonlinear soil responses is proposed by mean of monitoring the variation of shear wave velocity along vertical array. The recent seismic interferometry by deconvolution method is applied to extract the shear-wave velocity profile throughout the soil column. Using synthetic modeling, this method is shown to be a relevant and an efficient solution for assessing the Vs profile along a vertical seismic array. The ratio between particle velocity and the equivalent linear shear-wave velocity, v*/Vs*, is computed between two successive sensors, and is assumed to be a proxy for strain. The particle acceleration, a*, versus v*/Vs* is proposed as a stress-strain representation for nonlinear analysis of soil response. Using centrifuge tests, v*/Vs* is shown to be a good representation for soil strain, and analysis of the variation of v*/Vs* as a function of a* allows the nonlinear soil response to be determined in an earthquake situation. These relationship proxies are finally applied to the Japanese K-NET and KiK-net in-situ data, where Vs30 is used instead of Vs* for practical purposes related to site classification recommendations.
Published: 2016
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22. A comparative study of buried pipeline fragilities using the seismic damage to the Byblos wastewater network

Author: Jong Sung Lee, Nisrine Makhoul, Christopher M. Navarro, and Philippe Guéguen
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Geology, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Hazard analysis, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 01 natural sciences, Civil engineering, Pipeline (software), Hazard, Pipeline transport, Fragility, Wastewater, Seismic damage, Environmental science, Model development, Safety Research, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The seismic damage to buried pipelines could be disruptive in terms of safety, life quality, and socioeconomic impacts. In this paper, we investigate the extensive list of available buried pipelines fragilities: we select a series of typical and interesting fragilities in terms of different ground motions, diverse pipeline and soil types typologies and nature (i.e. empirical, analytical); and then we compare the seismic damage results. The aim is to have a palpable overview of the variability of damage results while using different selected buried pipelines fragilities, various ground motion parameters and different hazard scenarios. To achieve this comparative study, the buried pipeline wastewater network of Byblos, Lebanon, is used as a case study. The methodology used to assess damage to the waste-water network encompasses hazard assessment, wastewater network inventory, wastewater damage functions, and model development. The Ergo platform was especially updated by implementing the list of selected fragilities to achieve the damage to wastewater comparison in this article. Results and recommendations are offered; first for a more adequate usage of those fragilities; second, for improvement of existing and future developed buried pipelines fragility functions; and third, for the Byblos wastewater pipelines network, allowing the establishment of a resilient earthquake preparedness strategy and recovery plan for infrastructure network in Byblos.
Published: 2020
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23. Comparison of soil nonlinearity (in situ stress-strain relation and G/Gmax reduction) observed in strong-motion databases and modeled in ground-motion prediction equations

Author: Luis Fabian Bonilla, John Douglas, Philippe Guéguen, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Sols, Roches et Ouvrages Géotechniques (IFSTTAR/GERS/SRO), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Communauté Université Paris-Est, and University of Strathclyde [Glasgow]
Subjects: Peak ground acceleration, Earthquake engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Shear modulus, MOUVEMENT DE TERRAIN, Geochemistry and Petrology, COMPORTEMENT NON LINEAIRE, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Database, Bedrock, Response analysis, Crust, Regression analysis, MODELE PREDICTIF, Nonlinear system, Geophysics, TA, SEISME, computer, Geology
Abstract: Earthquake ground motions are strongly affected by the upper tens of meters of the Earth's crust and consequently local site effects need to be included in any ground-motion prediction. It is increasingly common in ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) to account for possible non-linear behavior of near-surface materials (soil). These non-linear site terms adjust observations made on soft soil sites to the ground motion expected on bedrock and hence allow these abundant soil records to be used within the regression analysis for the derivation of empirical GMPEs. These nonlinear site terms also allow rapid predictions of the expected ground motions on soil rather than requiring a site response analysis to be conducted. In this study we compare the signature on observed peak ground acceleration as a function of a strain proxy of non-linear soil behavior within four large strong-motion databases to the predicted signature from four recent GMPEs, three of which explicitly include non-linear site terms. We find that observed non-linearity in the databases, interpreted in terms of strain-stress relationships and reduction of shear modulus, is limited but that even this limited effect is underestimated by the non-linear site terms of the considered GMPEs, which suggests that predictions from these GMPEs could be biased for soft soil sites but also on bedrock. Some of this mismatch could be explained by the use of the average shear-wave velocity in the top 30m (Vs30) to characterize sites as well as errors in these values.
Published: 2019
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24. California earthquake insurance unpopularity: the issue is the price, not the risk perception

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Sylvain Buisine, Adrien Pothon, Pierre-Yves Bard, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Risk awareness, lcsh:GE1-350, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Actuarial science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Cover (telecommunications), [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], lcsh:QE1-996.5, 0211 other engineering and technologies, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Unpopularity, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:TD1-1066, Risk perception, Earthquake insurance, lcsh:Geology, Insurance premium, lcsh:G, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Business, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Despite California is a highly seismic prone region, most of homeowners are not covered against this risk. This study analyses the reasons for homeowners to purchase or not an insurance to cover earthquake losses, with application in California. A dedicated database is built from 18 different data sources about earthquake insurance, gathering data since 1921. A new model is developed to assess the take-up rate based on the homeowners’ risk awareness and the average annual insurance premium amount. Results suggest that only two extreme situations would lead all owners to cover their home with insurance: (1) a widespread belief that a devastating earthquake is imminent, or alternatively, (2) a massive decrease in the average annual premium amount by a factor exceeding 6 (from $980 to $160, USD 2015). Considering the low likelihood of each situation, we conclude from this study that new insurance solutions are necessary to fill the protection gap.
Published: 2019
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25. Predicting Nonlinear Site Response Using Spectral Acceleration Vs PGV/Vs30: A Case History Using the Volvi-Test Site

Author: Philippe Guéguen
Subjects: Peak ground acceleration, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Seismic interferometry, Spectral acceleration, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geodesy, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Azimuth, Shear modulus, Nonlinear system, Geophysics, Shear (geology), Geochemistry and Petrology, Particle velocity, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: In this study, we analyze the efficiency of the ratio between particle velocity and shear wave velocity as a strain proxy for evaluating the nonlinear seismic response of sediments. The in situ stress–strain relationships are derived from accelerometric vertical array recordings at the TST site in Volvi (Thessaloniki, Greece). First, the shear wave velocity between two successive sensors was computed by seismic interferometry and strain was computed as the velocity ratio or the relative displacement between sensors. The shear-wave velocity profile and in situ shear modulus degradation curve with strain were compared with previous studies performed at the TST site. Finally, the stress–strain relationships were derived from data recorded at the surface by extending the strain proxy and stress values to the ratio between peak ground velocity and the Vs30 parameter used for site classification, i.e. without requiring the accelerometric vertical array. Our model captures the in situ nonlinear response of the site, without consideration of azimuth or distance of the earthquakes. In conclusion, the acceleration (stress) values, based on the accelerometric response spectra instead of peak ground acceleration compared with the deformation (strain) proxy, provide an effective model of the in situ nonlinear response, providing information that can be integrated into ground motion prediction equations.
Published: 2015
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26. Toward Seismic Metamaterials: The METAFORET Project

Author: Fabrice Cotton, Dan Hollis, Ildut Pondaven, Gregor Hillers, Dino Bindi, Philippe Guéguen, Stéphane Garambois, Andrea Colombi, Isabelle Douste-Bacqué, Philippe Roux, Thomas Lecocq, Tobias Boxberger, and Publikationen aller GIPP-unterstützten Projekte, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum
Subjects: Geophysics, Wave propagation, Seismic metamaterials, 0103 physical sciences, Deconvolution, Elasticity (economics), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Published: 2018

27. Strategy for the selection of input ground motion for inelastic structural response analysis based on naïve Bayesian classifier

Author: M. Perrault, M. Renault, Philippe Guéguen, D. Baumont, M. Lancieri, Catherine Berge-Thierry, PSE-ENV/SCAN/BERSSIN, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Département de Modélisation des Systèmes et Structures (DM2S), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, 38058 Grenoble, France, Bureau d'évaluation des risques sismiques pour la sûreté des installations (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SCAN/BERSSIN), Service de caractérisation des sites et des aléas naturels (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SCAN), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
Subjects: Engineering, Structural system, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), Naive Bayes classifier, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, business.industry, Conditional probability, Building and Construction, Function (mathematics), Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Data set, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Probability distribution, Data mining, business, Algorithm, computer, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract: An application of the naive Bayesian classifier for selecting strong motion data in terms of the deformation probably induced on a given structural system is presented. The main differences between the proposed method and the “standard” procedure based on the inference of a polynomial relationship between a single intensity measure and the engineering demand parameter are: the discrete description of the engineering demand parameter; the use of an array of intensity measures; the combination of the information issued from the training phase via a Bayesian formulation. Six non-linear structural systems with initial fundamental frequency of 1, 2 and 5 Hz and with different strength reduction factors are modelled. Their behaviour is described using the Takeda hysteretic model and the engineering demand parameter is expressed as the relative drift. A database of 6,373 strong motion records is built from worldwide catalogues and is described by a set of “classical” intensity measures; it constitutes the “training dataset” used to feed the Bayesian classifier. The structural system response is reduced to a description of three possible classes: elastic, if the induced drift is lower than the yield displacement; plastic, if the drift ranges between the yield and the ultimate drift values; fragile if the drift reaches the ultimate drift. The goal is to evaluate the conditional probability of observing a given status of the system as a function of the intensity measure array. To validate the presented methodology and evaluate its prediction capability, a blind test on a second dataset, completely disjointed from the training one, composed of 7,000 waveforms recorded in Japan, is performed. The Japanese data are classed using the probability distribution functions derived on the first data set. It is shown that, by combining several intensity measures through the likelihood product, a stable result is obtained whereby most of the data ( $$>$$ 75 %) are well classed. The degree of correlation between the intensity measure and the engineering demand parameter controls the reliability of the probability curves associated to each intensity measure.
Published: 2015
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28. Low‐Frequency Seismic Amplification in the Quito Basin (Ecuador) Revealed by Accelerometric Recordings of the RENAC Network

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Luis Fabian Bonilla, Mario Ruiz, Etienne Bertrand, Victor Alfonso Naya, J. C. Singaucho, Aurore Laurendeau, Françoise Courboulex, E. Diego Mercerat, Juan Gabriel Barros, M. Perrault, Alexandra Alvarado, Instituto Geofísico, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Séismes et Vibrations (IFSTTAR/GERS/SV), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Communauté Université Paris-Est, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Equipe-projet MOUVGS (Cerema Equipe-projet MOUVGS), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement (Cerema), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Low frequency, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Quito, the capital city of Ecuador, with a population close to three million inhabitants, is located in an earthquake‐prone region that has been struck by important events in the past. The city is built on the hanging wall of an active reverse fault, constituting a piggy‐back basin filled with volcanic and fluvial origin deposits. To date, the Quito basin deep structure remains unknown as well as its effect on amplification of seismic waves. Since 2009, a permanent accelerometric network has been deployed in the city (Red Nacional de Acelerógrafos de Quito at present 18 stations) and operates in continuous recording mode. We select the 179 best‐recorded earthquakes and estimate the horizontal‐to‐vertical and the standard spectral ratios to highlight site effects in the basin. We find that the southern part of the basin presents a strong site amplification at low frequencies (peak around 0.35 Hz with an amplitude larger than 3) that is not present in the northern part. The recordings of the 16 April 2016 Mw 7.8 Pedernales earthquake that occurred on the subduction interface 150 km away from Quito confirm this low‐frequency amplification in the southern part of the city, by observing larger amplitudes and longer durations of the signals. Higher frequencies (around 4 Hz) are also amplified at given sites, but they are spatially more variable.
Published: 2017
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29. Nonlinear dynamics induced in a structure by seismic and environmental loading

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Philippe Roux, and Paul A. Johnson
Subjects: Earthquake engineering, Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Mechanics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Granular material, 01 natural sciences, Nonlinear system, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Deformation (engineering), Elasticity (economics), Structural acoustics, Softening, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Acoustic resonance
Abstract: In this study, it is shown that under very weak dynamic and quasi-static deformation that is orders of magnitude below the yield deformation of the equivalent stress-strain curve (around 10(-3)), the elastic parameters of a civil engineering structure (resonance frequency and damping) exhibit nonlinear softening and recovery. These observations bridge the gap between laboratory and seismic scales where elastic nonlinear behavior has been previously observed. Under weak seismic or atmospheric loading, modal frequencies are modified by around 1% and damping by more than 100% for strain levels between 10(-7) and 10(-4). These observations support the concept of universal behavior of nonlinear elastic behavior in diverse systems, including granular materials and damaged solids that scale from millimeter dimensions to the scale of structures to fault dimensions in the Earth.
Published: 2016

30. Ambient Vibration Recording for Single-Station, Array and Building Studies Made Simple: CityShark II

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Jean-Luc Chatelain, Jacques Sarrault, Julien Fréchet, Bertrand Guillier, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'électronique Angelidis Sarrault, and Entreprise privée
Subjects: H/V, business.product_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ACQUISITION DE DONNEES, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Computer science, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Seismic noise, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Ambient Vibrations, Data acquisition, Earthquakes, Code (cryptography), Range (statistics), Building, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Portable Recorder, SIMPLE (military communications protocol), Dynamic range, business.industry, Array, Electrical engineering, APPAREIL DE MESURE, Laptop, CityShark, Global Positioning System, SISMOLOGIE, business
Abstract: International audience; This article describes an improved data acquisition system from a previous system dedicated to one-sensor site studies, aimed at recording ambient vibrations (microtremors). A multi-channel and/or remote triggering system is proposed. The system was conceived by IRD-Leas, France, and used at ISTerre, France, for research activities. The size, weight of this high quality system and its autonomy (no need to be connected to a laptop) make it a real portable device. The sys- tem acquires data with 24-bit delta-sigma ADCs in the 10 - 1000 sps range at 10 - 20 bit resolution on up to 18 channels in the multi-channel version. The input stage dynamics is available at ±2.5 V or ±5 V. The dynamic range varies, for example, from 108 dB at 100 sps to 90 dB at 250 sps. Gain is selectable from 1 (0 dB) to 8192 (78 dB) by powers of two (6 dB). Its very low level of internal noise allows recording of very low tension signals without missing code. Con- tinuous recording and GPS may also be implemented in the system. While primarily dedicated to ambient vibration recordings, this system can be connected to any type of device delivering an output tension in the ±5 V range.
Published: 2012
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31. vS30, κ, regional attenuation and Mw from accelerograms: application to magnitude 3-5 French earthquakes

Author: Fabrice Cotton, Philippe Guéguen, and Stéphane Drouet
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Attenuation, Magnitude (mathematics), Scale (descriptive set theory), Moment magnitude scale, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geodesy, 01 natural sciences, Cutoff frequency, Moment (mathematics), symbols.namesake, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Fourier analysis, symbols, Range (statistics), Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: SUMMARY We investigate recordings from weak to moderate earthquakes, with magnitudes ranging between about 3 and 5, recorded by the French Accelerometric Network. S-wave spectra are modelled as a product of source, propagation and site terms. Inverting large data sets of multiple earthquakes recorded at multiple stations allows us to separate the three contributions. Source parameters such as moment magnitude, corner frequency and stress drop are estimated for each earthquake. We provide the first complete and homogeneous catalogue of moment magnitudes for France, for the events with magnitude greater than 3 that occurred between 1996 and 2006. Stress drops are found to be regionally dependent as well as magnitude dependent, and range from about 0.1 MPa (1 bar) to about 30 MPa (300 bars). The attenuation parameters show that, in France on a nationwide scale, variations of attenuation properties do exist. Site transfer functions are also computed, giving the level of amplification at different frequencies with respect to the response of a generic rock site (characterized by an average 30 m S-wave velocity, vs30, of 2000 m s−1). From these site terms, we compute the high-frequency fall-off parameter κ[modelled as exp (−πκf), with f the frequency] for 76 stations. We also determine rock stations vs30 and we show the κ–vs30 relationship for 21 rock stations.
Published: 2010
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32. On the value of earthquake scenario: the Kathmandu recent lesson

Author: Ismael Riedel, Hugo Yepes, and Philippe Guéguen
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, seismic risk, Economic losses, Nepal earthquake, Geography, Planning and Development, scenarios, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, lcsh:City planning, 01 natural sciences, Civil engineering, Urban seismology, Urban Studies, Earthquake scenario, lcsh:HT165.5-169.9, Geography, lcsh:TA1-2040, Urban seismic risk, Built Environment, Seismic risk, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Value (mathematics), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Published: 2016
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33. Experimental and Numerical Evidence of the Clustering Effect of Structures on Their Response during an Earthquake: A Case Study of Three Identical Towers in the City of Grenoble, France

Author: Philippe Guéguen and Andrea Colombi
Subjects: Geochemistry & Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer simulation, Seismic loading, Vibration amplitude, 0404 Geophysics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0905 Civil Engineering, Seismic analysis, Azimuth, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, 11. Sustainability, Cluster analysis, Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: In this article, interpretation of an equivalent to a macroseismic intensity survey, performed in three identical stand-alone buildings located in Grenoble, France, after an M L 4.1 earthquake, reveals a clustering effect, resulting in different levels of perception of seismic loading by inhabitants. The clustering effect is confirmed using numerical simulation; the variation of the seismic response of the building in the middle of the cluster depends on the azimuth of the seismic source relative to the building cluster. The major effect is the splitting of its resonance frequency, accompanied by a decrease in vibration amplitude. We conclude that clustering has an impact on urban effects, calling into question the validity of seismic design, which considers buildings in urban areas as stand-alone constructions, and the interpretation of macroseismic inten- sity surveys conducted in dense urban areas.
Published: 2016
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34. Correlation between ground motion and building response using Californian earthquake records

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Matthieu Perrault, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Basis (linear algebra), business.industry, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Structural engineering, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 01 natural sciences, Motion (physics), Displacement (vector), Correlation, [SPI.GCIV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering, Geophysics, 11. Sustainability, Simulated annealing, Instrumentation (computer programming), business, Roof, Geology, Intensity (heat transfer), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Using data from the California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program, we studied the relationship between building response and parameters describing the noxiousness of ground motion. According to vulnerability methods that use structural drift as damage criteria, we estimated the building response on the basis of the normalized relative roof displacement (NRRD), considered as damage criteria. The relationships between the NRRD and the intensity measures of the ground motion are developed using simulated annealing method. Grouping buildings by typology (defined according to their main construction material and height) reduces the variability of the building response. Furthermore, by combining IMs, the NRRD can be predicted more accurately by a Building Damage Prediction Equation. A functional form is thus proposed to estimate the NRRD for several building typologies, calibrated on the building responses recorded in California. This functional form can be used to obtain a fast and overall damage forecast after an earthquake.
Published: 2015
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35. Contribution of ambient vibration recordings (Free-field and buildings) for post-seismic analysis: the case of the Mw 7.3 MARTINIQUE (French lesser ANTILLES) earthquake, november 29, 2007

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Julie Régnier, Clotaire Michel, Etienne Bertrand, ERA 6 Risque sismique (ERA 6 Risque sismique - Equipe recherche associée au LCPC), Avant création Cerema, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, VIBRATION, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Soil Science, 02 engineering and technology, Seismic noise, RESONANCE, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 01 natural sciences, Seismic analysis, EFFET DE SITE, SEISME, ENQUETE, Ambient vibration, DOMMAGE MATERIEL, Martinique, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: Following the Mw 7.3 Martinique earthquake, November 29th, 2007, a post-seismic survey was conducted by the Bureau Central Sismologique Français (BCSF) for macroseismic intensities assessment. In addition to the inventories, ambient vibration recordings were performed close to the particularly damaged zones in the free-field and the buildings. The objective of the paper is to show the relevancy of performing ambient vibration recordings for post-earthquake surveys. The analyses of the recordings aim at explaining the variability of the damages through site effects, structure vulnerability or resonance phenomena and to help the characterization of the post-seismic building integrity. In three sites prone to site effects, we suspect damage to be related to a concordance between soil fundamental frequency and building resonance frequency. Besides, the recordings of ambient vibrations at La Trinité hospital before and after the earthquake allow us to quantify the damage due to earthquake in terms of stiffness loss.
Published: 2013
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36. On the Testing of Ground-Motion Prediction Equations against Small-Magnitude Data

Author: Fabrice Cotton, Philippe Guéguen, Céline Beauval, Aurore Laurendeau, Nicolas Kuehn, Hilal Tasan, Elise Delavaud, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Swiss Seismological Service, Institute of Geophysics, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and University of Potsdam
Subjects: Hazard (logic), Ground motion, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], accelerometric database, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Magnitude (mathematics), FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, low magnitude data, Physics - Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Range (statistics), Scaling, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mathematics, prediction of ground motions, Probabilistic logic, Geodesy, Geophysics (physics.geo-ph), Geophysics, Amplitude, Ranking, fit between observations and predictions, Institut für Geowissenschaften, France
Abstract: International audience; Ground-motion prediction equations (GMPE) are essential in probabilistic seismic hazard studies for estimating the ground motions generated by the seismic sources. In low seismicity regions, only weak motions are available in the lifetime of accelerometric networks, and the equations selected for the probabilistic studies are usually models established from foreign data. Although most ground-motion prediction equations have been developed for magnitudes 5 and above, the minimum magnitude often used in probabilistic studies in low seismicity regions is smaller. Desaggregations have shown that, at return periods of engineering interest, magnitudes lower than 5 can be contributing to the hazard. This paper presents the testing of several GMPEs selected in current international and national probabilistic projects against weak motions recorded in France (191 recordings with source-site distances up to 300km, 3.8≤Mw≤4.5). The method is based on the loglikelihood value proposed by Scherbaum et al. (2009). The best fitting models (approximately 2.5≤LLH≤3.5) over the whole frequency range are the Cauzzi and Faccioli (2008), Akkar and Bommer (2010) and Abrahamson and Silva (2008) models. No significant regional variation of ground motions is highlighted, and the magnitude scaling could be predominant in the control of ground-motion amplitudes. Furthermore, we take advantage of a rich Japanese dataset to run tests on randomly selected low-magnitude subsets, and check that a dataset of ~190 observations, same size as the French dataset, is large enough to obtain stable LLH estimates. Additionally we perform the tests against larger magnitudes (5-7) from the Japanese dataset. The ranking of models is partially modified, indicating a magnitude scaling effect for some of the models, and showing that extrapolating testing results obtained from low magnitude ranges to higher magnitude ranges is not straightforward.
Published: 2012
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37. Seismic vulnerability assessment to slight damage based on experimental modal parameters

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Matthieu Causse, Clotaire Michel, Applied Computing and Mechanics Laboratory (IMAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Risques (Risques), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Institut des Sciences de la Terre [2011-2015] (ISTerre [2011-2015]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble [1985-2015] (OSUG [1985-2015]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre [2011-2015] (ISTerre [2011-2015]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), ANR ARVISE Projet VULNERALP - Région Rhône-Alpes, Risques, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Identification, Engineering, Earthquake, Scale (ratio), fragility curves, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Vulnerability, Hazard Regions, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, Seismic noise, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Basin, Grenoble, Earthquake scenario, Fragility, Vulnerability assessment, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Geotechnical engineering, Seismic risk, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Behavior, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Existing Buildings, business.industry, Mode (statistics), Structural engineering, Ground-Motion, Masonry, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Grenoble France, slight damage, In-Situ Experiments, business, ambient vibrations
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to adjust behaviour models for each class of structure for vulnerability assessment by using ambient vibration. A simple model based on frequencies, mode shapes and damping, taken from ambient vibrations, allows computation of the response of the structures and comparison of inter-storey drifts with the limits found in the literature for the slight damage grade, considered here as the limit of elastic behaviour. Two complete methodologies for building fragility curves are proposed: (1) using a multi-degree of freedom system including higher modes and full seismic ground-motion and (2) using a single-degree of freedom model considering the fundamental mode f0 of the structure and ground-motion displacement response spectra SD(f0). These two methods were applied to the city of Grenoble, where 60 buildings were studied. Fragility curves for slight damage were derived for the various masonry and reinforced concrete classes of buildings. A site-specific earthquake scenario, taking into account local site conditions, was considered, corresponding to an ML = 5.5 earthquake at a distance of 15 km. The results show the benefits of using experimental models to reduce variability of the slight damage fragility curve. Moreover, by introducing the experimental modal model of the buildings, it is possible to improve seismic risk assessment at an overall scale (the city) or a local scale (the building) for the first damage grade (slight damage). This level of damage, of great interest for moderate seismic-prone regions, may contribute to the seismic loss assessment. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Published: 2012
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38. Comparison between seismic and domestic risk in moderate seismic hazard prone region: the Grenoble City (France) test site

Author: Philippe Guéguen, François Dunand, GEOTER (GEOTER), GEOTER, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Isere regional Counci, the Pole Alpin des Risques Naturels, DREAL Rhône-Alpes, FEDER, RiskNat project in the ALCOTRA (2007-2013) programme, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: moderate seismic hazard, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Vulnerability, Context (language use), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, Induced seismicity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Civil engineering, lcsh:TD1-1066, Grenoble, Earthquake scenario, domestic risks, Vulnerability assessment, 11. Sustainability, Urban seismic risk, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, Seismic risk, Environmental planning, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, seismic risk, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, lcsh:Geology, Geography, Seismic hazard, lcsh:G, General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract: France has a moderate level of seismic activity, characterized by diffuse seismicity, sometimes experiencing earthquakes of a magnitude of more than 5 in the most active zones. In this seismicity context, Grenoble is a city of major economic and social importance. However, earthquakes being rare, public authorities and the decision makers are only vaguely committed to reducing seismic risk: return periods are long and local policy makers do not have much information available. Over the past 25 yr, a large number of studies have been conducted to improve our knowledge of seismic hazard in this region. One of the decision-making concerns of Grenoble's public authorities, as managers of a large number of public buildings, is to know not only the seismic-prone regions, the variability of seismic hazard due to site effects and the city's overall vulnerability, but also the level of seismic risk and exposure for the entire city, also compared to other natural or/and domestic hazards. Our seismic risk analysis uses a probabilistic approach for regional and local hazards and the vulnerability assessment of buildings. Its applicability to Grenoble offers the advantage of being based on knowledge acquired by previous projects conducted over the years. This paper aims to compare the level of seismic risk with that of other risks and to introduce the notion of risk acceptability in order to offer guidance in the management of seismic risk. This notion of acceptability, which is now part of seismic risk consideration for existing buildings in Switzerland, is relevant in moderately seismic-prone countries like France.
Published: 2012
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39. A Natural Seismic Isolating System: The Buried Mangrove Effects

Author: Christophe Rousseau, Pierre Foray, Julie Maury, Mickael Langlais, Philippe Guéguen, Risques, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Laboratoire sols, solides, structures - risques [Grenoble] (3SR), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Réseau Accélérométrique Permanent, Risques (Risques), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Earthquake engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Modal analysis, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Shear force, FOS: Physical sciences, Soil science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, seismology, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), Antilles, Physics - Geophysics, Stress (mechanics), Geochemistry and Petrology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Liquefaction, modal analysis, Geophysics (physics.geo-ph), Geophysics, Seismic hazard, site effects, Mangrove, Geology
Abstract: International audience; The Belleplaine test site, located in the island of Guadeloupe (French Lesser Antilles) includes a three-accelerometer vertical array, designed for liquefac- tion studies. The seismic response of the soil column at the test site is computed using three methods: the spectral ratio method using the vertical array data, a numerical method using the geotechnical properties of the soil column, and an operative fre- quency domain decomposition (FDD) modal analysis method. The Belleplaine test site is characterized by a mangrove layer overlaid by a stiff sandy deposit. This con- figuration is widely found at the border coast of the Caribbean region, which is exposed to high seismic hazard. We show that the buried mangrove layer plays the role of an isolation system equivalent to those usually employed in earthquake engineering aimed at reducing the seismic shear forces by reducing the internal stress within the structure. In our case, the flexibility of the mangrove layer reduces the distortion and the stress in the sandy upper layer, and consequently reduces the potential of liquefaction of the site.
Published: 2011
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40. Multimethod Characterization of the French-Pyrenean Valley of Bagnères-de-Bigorre for Seismic-Hazard Evaluation: Observations and Models

Author: Christrian Ponsolles, Emmanuel Chaljub, Mickael Langlais, Marie Calvet, Annie Souriau, Catherine Péquegnat, Philippe Guéguen, Franck Grimaud, Julie Maury, Ludovic Margerin, Marc Wathelet, Cécile Cornou, Dynamique terrestre et planétaire (DTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Risques, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ondes et Structures (Isterre), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), French Accelerometric Network and the French Ministry of Ecology., European Project, Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Risques (Risques), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ondes et Structures, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France
Subjects: [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Spectral element method, Ambient noise level, 0211 other engineering and technologies, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, symbols.namesake, Geochemistry and Petrology, H/V spectral ratio, Bagnères de Bigorre, Rayleigh wave, Dispersion (water waves), Seismogram, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geophysics, Seismic hazard, Ridge, symbols, site effects, 3D SEM, Geology, Seismology, Noise (radio)
Abstract: International audience; A narrow rectilinear valley in the French Pyrenees, affected in the past by damaging earthquakes, has been chosen as a test site for soil response characteriza- tion. The main purpose of this initiative was to compare experimental and numerical approaches. A temporary network of 10 stations has been deployed along and across the valley during two years; parallel various experiments have been conducted, in particular ambient noise recording, and seismic profiles with active sources for struc- ture determination at the 10 sites. Classical observables have been measured for site amplification evaluation, such as spectral ratios of horizontal or vertical motions between site and reference stations using direct S waves and S coda, and spectral ratios between horizontal and vertical (H/V) motions at single stations using noise and S-coda records. Vertical shear-velocity profiles at the stations have first been obtained from a joint inversion of Rayleigh wave dispersion curves and ellipticity. They have subsequently been used to model the H/V spectral ratios of noise data from synthetic seismograms, the H/V ratio of S-coda waves based on equipartition theory, and the 3D seismic response of the basin using the spectral element method. General good agreement is found between simulations and observations. The 3D simulation reveals that topography has a much lower contribution to site effects than sedimentary filling, except at the narrow ridge crests. We find clear evidence of a basin edge effect, with an increase of the amplitude of ground motion at some distance from the edge inside the basin and a decrease immediately at the slope foot.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. The European-Mediterranean Distributed Accelerometric Data-Base

Author: Xavier Goula, Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira, C. Pappaioanou, John Clinton, Philippe Guéguen, Teresa Susagna, A. Roca, Can Zulfikar, S. Godey, Catherine Péquegnat, Institut geològic de Catalunya (IGC), Institut Geològic de Catalunya-IGC, Risques, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), European Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC/CSEM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Ondes et Structures (Isterre), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Depart Civil Engineering and Architecture (IST), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute of Engineering Seismology& Earthquake Engineering (ITSAK), ITSAK, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI), Boğaziçi University [Istanbul], financement européen, S. Akkar, P. Gülkan, T. van Eck (Eds.), NERIES, European Project: 34012,NERIES, Risques (Risques), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ondes et Structures, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Boǧaziçi üniversitesi = Boğaziçi University [Istanbul], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Ground motion, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Engineering, Peak ground acceleration, NERIES, Database, Distributed database, business.industry, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, Base (topology), 01 natural sciences, Set (abstract data type), Data portal, Accelerometric data, business, computer, database, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; We created an archive for European acceleration data, based on distributed database of accelerogram waveforms, accessed through the new European Earthquake Data Portal (http://www.seismicportal.eu). Data are open to the scientific and engineering community. Currently the 6 core partners contribute data from 1,379 earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from M1.0 to M7.4. Strong Motion Data are available with epicentral distances up to 1,000 km. Additionally, agencies are encouraged to contribute data. Waveforms included in the database are uniformly processed to create a set of engineering parameters that are used to search the database. In addition to the database, we compiled a survey of the existing accelerometric stations in the Euro-Mediterranean region. We expect this platform to be the basis for growing sharing of European Strong Motion Data in an open environment, in as near to real-time as is possible from network operators.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Distributed Archive and Single Access System for Accelerometric Event Data: A NERIES Initiative

Author: Philippe Guéguen, S. Godey, Catherine Péquegnat, Raphael Jacquot, Laurent Frobert, Ondes et Structures (Isterre), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Risques, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), European Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC/CSEM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), financement européen, S. Akkar, P. Gülkan, T. van Eck (Eds.), NERIES, European Project, Ondes et Structures, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Risques (Risques), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Ground motion, Database server, NERIES, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Database, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Computer science, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Reading (computer), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Data portal, Event data, Node (computer science), Accelerometric data, Metric (unit), Timestamp, Data mining, computer, database, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; We developed a common access facility to homogeneously formatted accelerometric event data and to the corresponding sheet of ground motion parameters. This paper is focused on the description of the technical development of the accelerometric data server and the link with the accelerometric data explorer. The server is the third node of the 3-tier architecture of the distributed archive system for accelerometric data. The server is the link between the data users and the accelero- metric data portal. The server follows three main steps: (1) Reading and analysis of the end-user request; (2) Processing and converting data; and (3) Archiving and updating the accelerometric data explorer. This paper presents the description of the data server and the data explorer for accessing data.
Published: 2010
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43. Time-Frequency Analysis of Small Frequency Variations in Civil Engineering Structures Under Weak and Strong Motions Using a Reassignment Method

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Clotaire Michel, Applied Computing and Mechanics Laboratory (IMAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Applied Computing and Mechanics Laboratory (IMAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre [2011-2015] (ISTerre [2011-2015]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble [1985-2015] (OSUG [1985-2015]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Ground motion, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Biophysics, 020101 civil engineering, Wigner—Ville distribution, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0201 civil engineering, Physics::Geophysics, [PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.MECA.VIBR]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], seismic risk, Mechanical Engineering, [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Time–frequency analysis, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], earthquake engineering, time-varying stiffness, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Geology, Seismology
Abstract: International audience; The analysis of strong and weak motion recordings in existing structures is critical for understanding both the damaging process during earthquakes and their structural behavior. The time--frequency representation is one of the existing methods to get information on the frequency variations in buildings, which may indicate either damage or degradation. In this article, we use standard time--frequency methods with amplitude normalization and reassignment method in order to observe smaller variations in earthquake recordings in buildings. The method used in this article is first validated on strong recordings from the R. Millikan Library (Pasadena, California) and later applied to weak earthquakes recorded in the Grenoble City Hall (France). This method detects torsion activation and very small frequency variations under weak motion. We show that these variations are probably due to variations of the input motion and cannot be attributed to variations in the parameters of the structural system.
Published: 2010
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44. Can Strong-Motion Observations be Used to Constrain Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Estimates?

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Sebastian Hainzl, Pierre-Yves Bard, Céline Beauval, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, ANR-05-CATT-0011,QSHA,QSHA : Quantitative seismic hazard assessment(2005), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)
Subjects: Return period, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Probabilistic logic, 550 - Earth sciences, Induced seismicity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Poisson distribution, Accelerometer, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, symbols.namesake, Acceleration, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Statistics, symbols, Range (statistics), Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Because of the new regulatory requirements that hazards have to be estimated in probabilistic terms, the number of probabilistic hazard studies conducted has recently been increasing. The present study aims at defining the possibilities and limits for comparing predictions from these studies and observations. Comparison tests based directly on the rate of ground-motion occurrences are favored over the rate of earthquake occurrences. Based on the properties of Poisson processes, the minimum time window ensuring reliable occurrence rate estimates at a site is computed and evaluated. For example, for ground motions with a 475-yr return period at a site, a minimal 12,000-yr observation time window is required for estimating the rate with a 20% uncertainty (coefficient of variation: standard deviation divided by the mean). These values are not dependent on the seismicity level of the regions under study. An analysis of recorded ground motions at the stations of the permanent French accelerometer network shows that at best, the occurrence rates can be estimated with an accuracy of 30% for very low acceleration levels (0.0001–0.001g for the station STET). The same analysis, carried out at two stations with longer recording histories and located in higher seismicity regions (Greece and California), provides ground-motion levels up to 0.1g. Therefore, the question posed is can the results of a comparison test at low acceleration levels be generalized to higher acceleration levels, even if using a ground-motion prediction equation uniformly valid for a wide range of accelerations?
Published: 2008
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45. The French Accelerometric Network (RAP) and National Data Centre (RAP-NDC)

Author: Catherine Péquegnat, Denis Hatzfeld, Philippe Guéguen, Mickael Langlais, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Subduction, Range (biology), 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Massif, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Graben, Tectonics, Geophysics, Seismic hazard, 13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, Mainland, Physical geography, 2008 California earthquake study, Seismology, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: France is a country of low-to-moderate seismic hazard that has, in the past, suffered strong earthquakes that have caused damage and casualties (SisFrance historical catalog, http://www.sisfrance.net). More recently, it has experienced moderate earthquakes that have caused significant economic loss. One major earthquake occurred at the beginning of the 20th century (1909) and seriously affected the rural area of Aix-en-Provence (southeast France). In moderate-to-low seismic-hazard countries, even earthquakes that are not regarded as major can cause severe damage. This was the case with the earthquakes in Ossau-Arudy (Pyrenees area, 1980, M L = 5.1) and Annecy (northern Alps, 1996, M L = 4.8) which, in spite of their low magnitudes, resulting in damage of approximately €3 million (MEDD 1982) and €45 million (AFPS 1996), respectively. Since 1980 and the creation of the French national seismological network (ReNaSS, http://renass.u-strasbg.fr), more than 27,000 events have been recorded in the M L 1-5 magnitude range, corresponding to approximately 20 M L > 3.5 earthquakes per year (figure 1A), which are located in four main tectonic regions: the Pyrenees in the southwest, the Alps in the southeast, the Rhine Graben zone in the northeast, and the Massif Central and Brittany in the central and western regions. Moreover, France's overseas territories include Mayotte in the Indian Ocean, New Caledonia in the Pacific Ocean close to the Vanuatu subduction zone, and especially the French Antilles islands, which belong to the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea. While according to the national seismic building code mainland France is assigned seismic zones 0 to II ( aN = 2.5 m/s2), the French Antilles islands are assigned seismic zone III ( aN = 3.5 m/s2). The significant hazard level combined with the large population and the poorly designed buildings therefore make these islands the region of France with …
Published: 2008
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46. On the Limitation of the H/V Spectral Ratio Using Seismic Noise as an Exploration Tool: Application to the Grenoble Valley (France), a Small Apex Ratio Basin

Author: Philippe Guéguen, Julien Banton, Stéphane Garambois, Cécile Cornou, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Bedrock, Ambient noise level, Resonance, Seismic noise, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), Apex (geometry), Geophysics, Bruit, Geochemistry and Petrology, medicine, medicine.symptom, Geomorphology, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The H/V spectral ratio method based on seismic noise (HVSRN) was used in the Grenoble Basin (France), an Alpine valley characterized by a small apex ratio. The resonance frequencies obtained in the experiments were compared to the thickness of the sediments deduced from a microgravimetric survey and to the 1-D theoretical assessment of site responses. Given the abundance of data on the sediments and depth of the basin, the values of the theoretical resonance frequency fo can be determined quite accurately. However, it has been observed that the effects of basin geometry can disturb fo measurements using the HVSR method, in particular for a case like the Grenoble Basin, which has a small apex ratio (w/H) and strong suspected 2-D and/or 3-D effects. Interpretation of fo values in terms of bedrock depth gives rise to estimation errors of about 10% in certain cases, with the most significant errors (>50%) occurring on the edges of the basin, where subsurface layers are characterised by larger heterogeneities and where the basin topography is accentuated. This study suggests that great care must be taken when using the HVSRN method as an exploration tool, at least in valleys with a small apex ratio.
Published: 2007
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47. Full Scale Dynamic Response of a RC Building under Weak Seismic Motions Using Earthquake Recordings, Ambient Vibrations and Modelling

Author: Saber El Arem, Panagiotis Kotronis, Philippe Guéguen, Jacky Mazars, Clotaire Michel, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC), Laboratoire sols, solides, structures - risques [Grenoble] (3SR), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ANR-06-RGCU-0007,ARVISE,Analyse et Réduction de la Vulnérabilité sISmique du bâti Existant(2006), Institut des Sciences de la Terre [2011-2015] (ISTerre [2011-2015]), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble [1985-2015] (OSUG [1985-2015]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire sols, solides, structures - risques [Grenoble] [1999-2015] (3SR [1992-2015]), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Identification, City Hall Grenoble, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Modal analysis, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Full scale, seismic behaviour, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Physics - Classical Physics, 02 engineering and technology, Seismic noise, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, City-Hall Grenoble, Physics::Geophysics, Physics - Geophysics, modelling, weak motion, [PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Ambient vibration, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, moderate motion, [PHYS.MECA.VIBR]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Existing Buildings, [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Classical Physics (physics.class-ph), Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, [SDE.MCG.CPE]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cpe, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], Geophysics (physics.geo-ph), Seismic hazard, Modal, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], In-Situ Experiments, Structural deformation, France, Frequency domain decomposition, Seismology, Geology
Abstract: In countries with a moderate seismic hazard, the classical methods developed for strong motion prone countries to estimate the seismic behaviour and subsequent vulnerability of existing buildings are often inadequate and not financially realistic. The main goals of this paper are to show how the modal analysis can contribute to the understanding of the seismic building response and the good relevancy of a modal model based on ambient vibrations for estimating the structural deformation under weak earthquakes. We describe the application of an enhanced modal analysis technique (frequency domain decomposition) to process ambient vibration recordings taken at the Grenoble City Hall building (France). The frequencies of ambient vibrations are compared with those of weak earthquakes recorded by the French permanent accelerometric network (RAP) that was installed to monitor the building. The frequency variations of the building under weak earthquakes are shown to be less (similar to 2%) and therefore ambient vibration frequencies are relevant over the elastic domain of the building. The modal parameters extracted from ambient vibrations are then used to determine the 1D lumped-mass model in order to reproduce the inter-storey drift under weak earthquakes and to fix a 3D numerical model that could be used for strong earthquakes. The correlation coefficients between data and synthetic motion are close to 80 and 90% in horizontal directions, for the 1D and 3D modelling, respectively. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Published: 2007
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48. Global occurrence models for human and economic losses due to earthquakes (1967–2018) considering exposed GDP and population

Author: Cyrielle Dollet and Philippe Guéguen
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, education.field_of_study, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flat file database, Population, Magnitude (mathematics), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Poisson distribution, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Seismic hazard, Natural hazard, Statistics, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), symbols, Per capita, Environmental science, Empirical relationship, education, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: In moderate-to-low seismic hazard regions, estimating the socio-economic consequences of an earthquake on the regional scale is a costly and difficult task. This study analyses existing global earthquake databases to build a loss flat file of 445 earthquakes since 1967 with a magnitude greater than 4.5. The flat file includes information on the social consequences (e.g. fatalities and injuries) and economic losses (e.g. direct and indirect costs, number of buildings destroyed or damaged). In this study, exposed population and GDP at the date of the earthquake complete the flat file information, estimated thanks to the exposed area computed with an empirical relationship derived from the ground motion footprint provided by USGS ShakeMap. Earthquake consequences have increased since 1967 and follow a non-stationary Poisson distribution with rate proportional to exposure. In order to assess the stationarity of the consequences, we assumed stationary losses and fatalities by normalizing consequences by the exposed wealth and population verified on a sub-set of earthquakes for which exact population is given by national census. The completeness of the flat file catalogue is compared to the international seismological catalogue, and we compute the annual rate of exceedance of human and direct economic losses relative to the exposed population and the associated GDP per capita. We show that, although the number of casualties and the absolute magnitude of losses increase as consequence of urban concentration, global losses, relative to effective exposure corresponding to macroseismic intensity of at least V, decrease. (Access to the flat file: https://www.isterre.fr/philippe-gueguen/earthquake-losses-database/ ).
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49. The Engineering Strong‐Motion Database: A Platform to Access Pan‐European Accelerometric Data

Author: Damiano Pesaresi, I. Kalogeras, Maria D'Amico, Angelo Strollo, Esmael Farzanegan, Philippe Guéguen, Mehdi Zare, Lucia Luzi, Chiara Felicetta, Llambro Duni, Emiliano Russo, Rodolfo Puglia, Francesca Pacor, Haluk Ozener, Giovanni Costa, Giovanni Lanzano, Constantin Ionescu, Ulubey Çeken, John Clinton, Reinoud Sleeman, Luzi, Lucia, Puglia, Rodolfo, Russo, Emiliano, D'Amico, Maria, Felicetta, Chiara, Pacor, Francesca, Lanzano, Giovanni, Çeken, Ulubey, Clinton, John, Costa, Giovanni, Duni, Llambro, Farzanegan, Esmael, Gueguen, Philippe, Ionescu, Constantin, Kalogeras, Ioanni, Özener, Haluk, Pesaresi, Damiano, Sleeman, Reinoud, Strollo, Angelo, and Zare, Mehdi
Subjects: Project network, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Engineering, Database, business.industry, End user, Process (engineering), 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Motion (physics), Displacement (vector), Acceleration, Geophysics, Code (cryptography), User interface, business, computer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: This article describes the Engineering Strong‐Motion Database (ESM), developed in the framework of the European project Network of European Research Infrastructures for Earthquake Risk Assessment and Mitigation (NERA, see [Data and Resources][1]). ESM is specifically designed to provide end users only with quality‐checked, uniformly processed strong‐motion data and relevant parameters and has done so since 1969 in the Euro‐Mediterranean region. The database was designed for a large variety of stakeholders (expert seismologists, earthquake engineers, students, and professionals) with a user‐friendly and straightforward web interface. Users can access earthquake and station information and download waveforms of events with magnitude≥4.0 (unprocessed and processed acceleration, velocity, and displacement, and acceleration and displacement response spectra at 5% damping). Specific tools are also available to users to process strong‐motion data and select ground‐motion suites for code‐based seismic structural analyses. [1]: #sec-13
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