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18 results on '"State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR)"'

1. Zinc isotopic fractionation between aqueous fluids and silicate magmas: An experimental study

Author

Fei Wu, Fang Huang, Haihao Guo, Ying Xia, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Magma - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Bayerisches Geoinstitut (BGI), Universität Bayreuth, CAS Key Laboratory of Crust–Mantle Materials and Environments [Hefei], School of Earth and Space Sciences [Hefei], University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC)-University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), and China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG)

Subjects
Incompatible element, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Inorganic chemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Fractionation, Zinc, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Silicate, Equilibrium fractionation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Igneous rock, Isotope fractionation, chemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, Igneous differentiation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Fluids in magmas play a key role in magma differentiation and transportation of economic metals for ore deposits. As a chalcophile and incompatible element, zinc and its isotopes have been increasingly applied to study the magmatic-hydrothermal processes. However, zinc isotopic fractionation between aqueous fluids and magmas has not been well constrained. Here we experimentally determined equilibrium fractionation factors of Zn isotopes between aqueous fluids and silicate magmas (Δ66Znfluid-magma= δ66Znfluid - δ66Znmagma). The results reveal that aqueous fluids are isotopically heavier than the coexisting silicate magmas. No correlation between Δ66Znfluid-magma and temperature or chlorine contents in fluids is observed under our experimental conditions. Instead, Δ66Znfluid-magma is negatively corresponded with NBO/T of the melt (the ratio of non-bridge oxygen and tetrahedron ions), and positively correlated with the molar ratio of Al/(0.5K+Ca+Fe) in the bulk magmas, suggesting the controlling of silicate composition on Zn isotope fractionation. Our data therefore indicate that the isotopically heavier Zn in the fluids exsolved from magmas may account for the higher δ66Zn of pegmatites and high-silica granitic rocks. Moreover, involvement of magmatic fluids can explain the highly variable and remarkably heavier Zn isotopic signatures of fumaroles, thermal spring waters, and seafloor hydrothermal fluids compared to the igneous rocks. This study provides information that can be used to guide research using Zn isotopes to trace fluid activity and magmatism.

Published
2021

2. Chondritic mercury isotopic composition of Earth and evidence for evaporative equilibrium degassing during the formation of eucrites

Author

Jiubin Chen, James M.D. Day, Ke Zhang, Frédéric Moynier, Hongming Cai, Zaicong Wang, Matthew G. Jackson, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Institute of Surface-Earth System Science of Tianjin University, Tianjin University (TJU), University of California, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), and University of California-University of California

Subjects
Eucrite, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Parent body, Geophysics, Meteorite, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Chondrite, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Kinetic fractionation, Enstatite, engineering, Volatiles, Planetary differentiation, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Variations in the abundances of moderately volatile elements (MVE) are one of the most fundamental geochemical differences between the terrestrial planets. Whether these variations are the consequence of nebular processes, planetary volatilization, differentiation or late accretion is still unresolved. The element mercury is the most volatile of the MVE and is a strongly chalcophile element. It is one of the few elements that exhibit large mass-dependent (MDF) and mass-independent (MIF) isotopic fractionations for both odd (odd-MIF, Δ 199 Hg and Δ 201 Hg) and even (even-MIF, Δ 200 Hg) Hg isotopes in nature, which is traditionally used to trace Hg biogeochemical cycling in surface environments. However, the Hg isotopic composition of Earth and meteorites is not well constrained. Here, we present Hg isotopic data for terrestrial basaltic, trachytic and granitic igneous samples. These rocks are isotopically lighter ( δ 202 Hg = −3.3 ± 0.9‰; 1 standard deviation) than sedimentary rocks that have previously been considered to represent the terrestrial Hg isotope composition ( δ 202 Hg = − 0.7 ± 0.5 ‰ ; 1 standard deviation). We show degassing during magma emplacement induces MIF that are consistent with kinetic fractionation in these samples. Also presented is a more complete dataset for chondritic (carbonaceous, ordinary and enstatite) meteorites, which are consistent with previous work for carbonaceous chondrites (positive odd-MIF) and ordinary chondrites (no MIF), and demonstrate that some enstatite chondrites exhibit positive odd-MIF, similar to carbonaceous chondrites. The terrestrial igneous rocks fall within the range of chondritic compositions for both MIF and MDF. Given the fact that planetary differentiation (core formation, evaporation) would contribute to Hg loss from the silicate portion of Earth and would likely fractionate Hg isotopes from chondritic compositions, we suggest that the budget of the mantle Hg is dominated by late accretion of chondritic materials to Earth, as also suggested for other volatile chalcophile elements (S, Se, Te). Considering the Hg isotopic signatures, materials with compositions similar to CO chondrites or ordinary chondrites are the most likely late accretion source candidates. Finally, eucrite meteorites, which are highly depleted in volatile elements, are isotopically heavier than chondrites and exhibit negative odd-MIF. The origin of volatile depletion in eucrites has been vigorously debated. We show that Δ 199 Hg versus Δ 201 Hg relationships point toward an equilibrium nuclear field shift effect, suggesting that volatile loss occurred during a magma ocean phase at the surface of the eucrite parent body, likely the asteroid 4-Vesta.

Published
2020

3. Compositional and pressure controls on calcium and magnesium isotope fractionation in magmatic systems

Author

Yongsheng Liu, Jin Xiang Huang, Chunfei Chen, Ming Li, Frédéric Moynier, Zaicong Wang, Wei Dai, Stephen F. Foley, ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems (CCFS), Macquarie University, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)

Subjects
Compositional variations, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Isotope, Crystal chemistry, Chemistry, Stable isotope ratio, Partial melting, Analytical chemistry, Magmatic systems, Fractionation, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Isotope fractionation, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Pressure, Eclogites, Eclogite, Isotopes of magnesium, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Stable isotopes
Abstract

International audience; Stable isotope fractionation in magmatic systems depends on equilibrium isotope fractionation between different phases. However, current equilibrium stable isotope theory mostly assumes ideal crystal structures and simple chemical compositions, but it is unclear how the pressure and complex compositional variations in natural microscopic mineral structures affect inter-mineral stable isotope fractionation and thus control stable isotope fractionation in macroscopic magmatic systems. Here, we calculate the Casingle bondO and Mgsingle bondO bond lengths controlled by pressure and compositional variations of coexisting garnet (Grt) and clinopyroxene (Cpx) in the Roberts Victor eclogites from the Kaapvaal Craton and use these data as a proof of concept to interpret their inter-mineral Ca and Mg isotopic compositions (Δ44/40CaGrt-Cpx and Δ26MgGrt-Cpx). Our results show that the Casingle bondO difference between Grt and Cpx (ΔCasingle bondOGrt-Cpx) shows a significant increase with CaO content from 3.4 to 13.6 wt.% in Grt and with pressure from 2.9 to 6.9 GPa. ΔCasingle bondOGrt-Cpx has an excellent negative correlation with inter-mineral Ca isotope fractionation corrected for temperature effect (Δ44/40CaGrt-Cpx × T2/106), indicating that inter-mineral Ca isotope fractionation is controlled by pressure and compositional variations of the Grt through effects on the bond lengths. Inter-mineral Mg isotope fractionation corrected for temperature effect (Δ26MgGrt-Cpx × T2/106) in these eclogites shows a negative correlation with pressure but no obvious correlations with the mineral compositions, suggesting the dominant role of pressure effect in addition to temperature. The Mgsingle bondO bond length of Grt increases by about 0.02 Å with increasing CaO content in Grt of these eclogites, implying a mild compositional effect on inter-mineral Mg isotope fractionation. The results suggest that pressure and compositional variations in minerals control the equilibrium stable isotope fractionation between minerals. Utilizing the Ca isotope fractionation factor controlled by crystal chemistry of garnet, our modelling indicates that partial melting of eclogite in the mantle could not significantly fractionate Ca isotopes and, therefore, that low δ44/40Ca values in previously reported basalts cannot be attributed to the involvement of eclogite in their sources. This suggests that crystal chemistry exerts major controls on isotope fractionation in magmatic systems in addition to temperature.

Published
2020

4. Geochemistry, geochronology and petrogenesis of Maya Block granitoids and dikes from the Chicxulub Impact Crater, Gulf of México: Implications for the assembly of Pangea

Author

Zhao, Jiawei, Xiao, Long, Gulick, Sean P.S., Morgan, Joanna, Kring, David, Fucugauchi, Jaime Urrutia, Schmieder, Martin, de Graaff, Sietze, Wittmann, Axel, ROSS, Catherine, Claeys, Philippe, Pickersgill, Annemarie, Kaskes, Pim, Goderis, Steven, Rasmussen, Cornelia, Vajda, Vivi, Ferrière, Ludovic, Feignon, Jean–Guillaume, Chenot, Elise, Sato, Honami, Yamaguchi, Kosei, J. Bralower, Timothy, Christeson, Gail l., Cockell, Charles S., Coolen, Marco J.L., Gebhardt, Catalina, Goto, Kazuhisa, Green, Sophie, Jones, Heather, LeBer, Erwan, LOFI, Johanna, Lowery, Christopher, OCAMPO-TORRES, Ruben, Perez-Cruz, Ligia, Poelchau, Michael H., Rae, Auriol S.P., Rebolledo-Vieyra, Mario, Riller, Ulrich, Smit, Jan, Tikoo-Schantz, Sonia M., Tomioka, Naotaka, Whalen, Michael T., Chemistry, Analytical, Environmental & Geo-Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Earth System Sciences, Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology (MUST), Institute of Geophysics [Austin] (IG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), Instituto de Geofisica [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Analytical, Environmental and Geo- Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Eyring Materials Center for Solid State Science, School of Geographical and Earth Sciences [Univ Glasgow], University of Glasgow, NERC Argon Isotope Facility [Glasgow], Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), University of Glasgow-University of Edinburgh-University of Glasgow-University of Edinburgh-Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Department of Palaeobiology [Stockholm], Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), Department of Lithospheric Research [Wien], Universität Wien, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Department of Chemistry, Toho University, and Study funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41772050, 41830214, 41773061), MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (MSFGPMR05) and the Science andTechnology Development Fund (FDCT) of Macau (Grant No. 121/2017/A3).

Subjects
Felsite, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, Annan geovetenskap och miljövetenskap, Geology, Orogeny, Pangea, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Anatexis, 01 natural sciences, Continental arc, Peri–Gondwanan realm, Gondwana, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Geochronology, Chicxulub impact crater, Slab breakoff, Laurentia, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Petrogenesis, Other Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Abstract

23 pages; International audience; The Late Paleozoic tectono–magmatic history and basement of the Maya block are poorly understood due to the lack of exposures of coeval magmatic rocks in the region. Recently, IODP–ICDP Expedition 364 recovered drill core samples at borehole M0077A from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater, offshore of the Yucatán peninsula in the Gulf of México, have been studied comprehensively. In the lowermost ~600 m of the drill core, impact–deformed granitoids, and minor felsite and dolerite dykes are intercalated with impact melts and breccias. Zircon U-Pb dating of granitoids yielded ages of around 326 ± 5 Ma, representing the first recovery of Late Paleozoic magmatic rocks from the Maya block, which could be genetically related to the convergence of Laurentia and Gondwana. The granitoids show the features of high K2O/Na2O, LaN/YbN and Sr/Y ratios, but very low Yb and Y contents, indicating an adakitic affinity. They are also characterized by slightly positive ԑNd(326Ma) of 0.17–0.68, intermediate initial 87Sr/86Sr(326Ma) of 0.7036–0.7047 and two–stage Nd model age (TDM2) of 1027–1069 Ma, which may indicate a less evolved crustal source. Thus, the adakitic granitoids were probably generated by partial melting of thickened crust, with source components similar to Neoproterozoic metagabbro in the Carolina block (Pan–African Orogeny materials) along Peri–Gondwana. Felsite dykes are shoshonitic with typical continental arc features that are sourced from a metasomatic mantle wedge by slab–fluids. Dolerite dykes display OIB–type features such as positive Nb and Ta anomalies and low ThNpm/NbNpm. In our interpretation, the Chicxulub adakitic granitoids of this study are formed by crustal anatexis due to asthenospheric upwelling resulting from slab breakoff. Through comparing sources and processes of Late Paleozoic magmatism along the Peri–Gondwanan realm, a tearing slab breakoff model may explain the discontinuous magmatism that appears to have occurred during the convergence of Laurentia and Gondwana.

Published
2020

5. Dating post-Archean lithospheric mantle: Insights from Re-Os and Lu-Hf isotopic systematics of the Cameroon Volcanic Line peridotites

Author

D. Graham Pearson, Olivier Alard, Haraldur Sigurdsson, Qiao Shu, Jingao Liu, Emilie Thomassot, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), University of Alberta, Institute of Geochemistry [Guiyang], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Graduate School of Oceanography [Narragansett], University of Rhode Island (URI), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems (CCFS), and Macquarie University

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Peridotite dating, Archean, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Highly siderophile element, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Sr-Nd-Hf, 01 natural sciences, Mantle (geology), Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Xenolith, Cameroon, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Peridotite, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Olivine, Spinel, Craton, s Re-Os isotopes, Volcano, Volcanic Line, engineering, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Highly depleted Archean peridotites have proven very amenable to Re-Os model age dating. In contrast, due to the increasing heterogeneity of mantle Os isotope compositions with time, the Re-Os system has not been as effective in dating post-Archean peridotites. The timing of depletion and accretion of post-Archean lithospheric mantle around cratons is important to understand within the context of the evolution of the continents. In an attempt to precisely date post-Archean peridotite xenoliths, we present a study of the petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry, including whole-rock Re-Os isotopes, highly siderophile elements and clinopyroxene-orthopyroxene Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes of peridotite xenoliths from Lake Nyos in the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL). Eight Nyos peridotite xenoliths, all fresh spinel lherzolites, are characterized by low to moderate olivine Fo contents (88.9–91.2) and low spinel Cr# (8.4–19.3), together with moderate to high whole-rock Al2O3 contents (2.0–3.7%). These chemical characteristics indicate that they are mantle residues of a few percent to

Published
2020

6. Tectonic Control on Rapid Late Miocene—Quaternary Incision of the Mekong River Knickzone, Southeast Tibetan Plateau

Author

Yuan-Ze Zhang, Cécile Gautheron, Philippe Hervé Leloup, Xiong Ou, Malwina San José, Cao Kai, Guocan Wang, Mélanie Balvay, Audrey Margirier, Pierre G. Valla, Peter van der Beek, Anne Replumaz, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Géosciences Paris Saclay (GEOPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuham] (CUG), Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Massif, 15. Life on land, Late Miocene, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mekong Valley, Thermochronology, Paleontology, Tectonics, Geophysics, Tectonic uplift, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Quaternary, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; The incision history of the Three Rivers (Salween, Mekong, and Yangtze) region in the Southeast Tibetan Plateau has been linked to both tectonic and climatic controls. In this study, we report new apatite (U‐Th)/He and fission‐track thermochronology data from the >6,000‐m‐high Kawagebo massif, which forms the edge of the high plateau on the western flank of the steepened knickzone reach of the middle Mekong River valley. Thermal‐history modeling of a thermochronological age‐elevation profile shows rapid cooling since ~1.5 Ma and suggests a mean Quaternary exhumation rate of >1 km/Myr at the valley bottom. The amount of Quaternary exhumation is too high to be caused by fluvial incision alone and requires additional tectonic uplift. Comparing our data from the western flank of the Mekong River valley with published data from the eastern flank shows differential exhumation across the valley in the late Miocene, with the western flank undergoing more exhumation, but relatively uniform exhumation in the Quaternary. We relate rapid exhumation since the late Miocene on the western flank of the Mekong valley and the high topography of the Kawagebo massif to localized tectonic uplift associated with a restraining (left stepping) overstep between the still‐active right‐lateral Parlung and Zhongdian strike‐slip faults. The pattern of river steepness index across the knickzone also indicates that it results from locally focused uplift. Our results demonstrate the importance of detailed thermochronologic studies in this very active region to constrain the complex multiphase tectonic history before invoking any potential climatic forcing of river incision.

Published
2020

7. Geology and Scientific Significance of the Rümker Region in Northern Oceanus Procellarum: China's Chang'E‐5 Landing Region

Author

Siyuan Zhao, Long Xiao, Jun Huang, M. Martinot, Yuqi Qian, G. X. Wang, Jessica Flahaut, Harald Hiesinger, Jiannan Zhao, James W. Head, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Brown University, Institut für Planetologie [Münster], Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41772050 and 41773061), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan (CUGL160402 and CUG2017G02), MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (MSFGPMR05), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), and Geology and Geochemistry

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lunar mare, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, KREEP, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, Stage (stratigraphy), 0103 physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Basalt, Late Imbrian, 15. Life on land, Geologic map, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Period (geology), Geology
Abstract

The Rümker region (41–45°N, 49–69°W) is located in northern Oceanus Procellarum of the Moon. Mons Rümker is the most distinctive geological feature in the area. The region is characterized by prolonged lunar volcanism (Late Imbrian Period to Eratosthenian Period), forming multiple geologic units in the area, including very low-Ti to low-Ti mare basalts, high-Ti mare basalts, and volcanic complexes. Each geologic unit has distinct element composition and mineral assemblages. The Rümker region, overlying the Procellarum KREEP Terrain, was selected as the landing region for China's Chang'E-5 lunar sample return mission. Prelanding analyses of the geologic context and scientific potential are reported in this contribution. We conducted detailed geological mapping using image, spectral, and altimetry data. Fourteen geological units were defined, a geologic map was constructed, and the geologic history was outlined. The western mare units (Im1, Im2, and Im3) are Imbrian-aged (~3.4–3.5 Ga) representing the major stage of lunar mare eruptive volcanism. The eastern young mare units (Em3 and Em4

Published
2018

8. Ostracods (Crustacea) through Permian – Triassic events

Author

Marie-Béatrice Forel, Sylvie Crasquin, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuham] (CUG), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Paleozoic, Permian, Fauna, Early Triassic, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biostratigraphy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Stage (stratigraphy), Permian -Triassic boundary, Ostracod, Crustacea, extinctions, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, 1. No poverty, Ostracods, biology.organism_classification, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Conodont, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Through geological times, the main turnover of marine ostracod group occurred at the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) when the Palaeozoic world gave way to Meso-Cainozoic world. As quite all the groups, ostracods intensively suffered of the end Palaeozoic events but they have the particularity to pass the PTB and to be present in quite all marine environments. We have studied the ostracod assemblages from the best preserved marine Permian-Triassic sections through the world. These sections are, for most of them, located along the Palaeo-Tethys margins: South China Block and Tibet (R.P. China), Bükk Mountains (Hungary), Dolomites (Italy), Taurus Mountains (Turkey) and Elbourz Mountains (Iran). These areas present different environmental settings from very shallow water to deep shelf. The biostratigraphy is well constrained by the presence of conodont index. In deep environment from external shelf to slope, all the Permian ostracods disappear slightly before the PTB and are absent from the Early Triassic. The last representatives of palaeopsychrospheric forms occur in the Early Anisian. On the platforms, during the Late Permian, the ostracods are abundant and highly diversified everywhere along Peri-Tethyan margins. The typical Palaeozoic forms are mixed with the very first Meso-Cainozoic representatives. The specific extinction rates, in the latest Permian, vary from 74% to 100%. During the earliest Triassic, two different settings have to be considered: with or without microbialitic deposits. The development of microbialites gives favorable ecological conditions to ostracods. During the Griesbachian, the fauna is composed of both new comers and surviving Palaeozoic forms. The reduction of size is frequently observed. This interval is called "survival stage". During the Dienerian and the Smithian the fauna are very scarce and poor. These two substages represent the maximum of poverty for the ostracod fauna, may be due to the development of anoxia on the platforms. During the Spathian, occurs the beginning of the true recovery. The very last Palaeozoic representatives are found in the Earliest Anisian which is the radiation stage of ostracod fauna with typical new comers. The interval of Palaeozoic-Meso-Cainozoic ostracod turnover is quite long (about 15My).

Published
2019

9. Petrogenesis of A-type granites associated with Sn–Nb–Zn mineralization in Ririwai complex, north-Central Nigeria: Constraints from whole-rock Sm Nd and zircon Lu Hf isotope systematics

Author

Thomas J. Algeo, Hafizullah Abba Ahmed, Paul O. Ogunleye, Huan Li, Saleh Ibrahim Bute, Bernard Bonin, Musa Bala Girei, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Kano] (FEES), Bayero University Kano (BUK), Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (KLFIMC), Université de Heilongjiang, University of Cincinnati (UC), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria, Department of Geology, Gombe State University, P.M.B 127 Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria, and Department of Geology, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Subjects
Basalt, Olivine, Fractional crystallization (geology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Pyroxene, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Peralkaline rock, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], engineering, Amphibole, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Zircon, Petrogenesis
Abstract

International audience; We report a combined study of whole-rock major- and trace-element geochemistry, SmNd isotope composition, zircon U/Pb dating, and LuHf systematics of peralkaline and aluminous A-type granites from the Ririwai Ring Complex in north-central Nigeria. The Ririwai peralkaline and aluminous A-type granites are strongly ferroan, alkalic to alkali-calcic, and enriched in Hf, Zr, Ga, Rb, Y and REEs. They were emplaced between 176 ± 2.3 Ma and 169.6 ± 0.75 Ma. The peralkaline granites yield relatively higher ɛNd(t) (−2.3 to −1.2) and zircon ɛHf(t) values (−5.8 to −1.7) than the aluminous granites (ɛNd(t) = −3.6 to −3.3; zircon ɛHf(t) = −7.8 to −2.4). In addition, inherited zircons in the aluminous granites yield Pan-African (~590 Ma) ages and low ɛHf(t) values (−14.0). Taken together, these data suggest that the granites formed from extensive fractional crystallization of a transitional basaltic melt derived from an enriched OIB mantle source. The depletions of MgO, CaO, Ti2O, Sr and Ba in the granites indicate that Mg-rich olivine, calcic pyroxene, calcic amphibole, feldspars and FeTi oxides were the major fractionated phases during magma evolution. In addition, several types of evidence, e.g., moderately negative ɛNd(t) and ɛHf(t) values, and the presence of inherited zircons, imply that the parental melt was modified by assimilation of Pan-African upper crust into which the granites were emplaced. A transtensional regime generated prior to late Jurassic breakup of Gondwana, which led to reactivation of shear zones and opening of associated transcurrent faults, paved the way for emplacement of the A-type suite. The Sn–Nb–Zn mineralization of the Ririwai A-type suite was probably linked to complex magmatic evolutionary processes involving extensive fractional crystallization coupled with crustal assimilation and late-stage hydrothermal fluid activity.

Published
2019

10. The Smithian/Spathian boundary (late Early Triassic): a review of ammonoid, conodont, and carbon-isotopic criteria

Author

Zhong-Qiang Chen, Lei Zhang, Thomas J. Algeo, Arnaud Brayard, Zhengyi Lyu, Laishi Zhao, Michael J. Orchard, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati (UC), Geological Survey of Canada [Sidney - Vancouver] (GSC Pacific), Geological Survey of Canada - Office (GSC), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)-Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Study supported by NSFC grants (No. 41673011, 41473006, 41272025, 41803011 and 41821001), by Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2018CFB263), by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M642945) and by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China University of Geosciences-Wuhan (No. CUGQYZX1728 and CUGCJ1815, CUG170683)., ANR-13-JS06-0001,AFTER,Après la fin : la reconstruction des communautés marines durant la rediversification du Trias inférieur.(2013), and ANR-15-IDEX-0003,BFC,ISITE ' BFC(2015)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Early Triassic, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Smithian Thermal Maximum, Paleontology, Tethyan, Stage (stratigraphy), Chemostratigraphy, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, 14. Life underwater, Boreal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Extinction event, biology, Carbon isotopes, biology.organism_classification, Xenoceltites, Hyperwarming, Anasibirites, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Conodont, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Global cooling, Olenekian, Geology
Abstract

30 pages; International audience; The transition from the Smithian substage to the Spathian substage of the Olenekian stage of the late Early Triassic was a critical time marked by a series of biological and environmental changes during the multimillion-year recovery interval following the end-Permian mass extinction. However, the Smithian/Spathian boundary (SSB) does not yet have an agreed definition, a shortcoming that complicates high-resolution analysis of events during the Smithian-Spathian transition. Here, we review key biostratigraphic (i.e., ammonoid and conodont) studies of the Smithian and Spathian substages in historically important regions (e.g., the Canadian Arctic for the Boreal realm, western North America for the eastern Panthalassic Ocean) and more recently re-studied locations (e.g., Pakistan and India in the southern Tethys, South China in the eastern Tethys) as well as the carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of 29 major Smithian-Spathian sections globally. Key ammonoid genera (e.g., Wasatchites, Anasibirites, Glyptophiceras and Xenoceltites of the late Smithian, and Bajarunia, Tirolites and Columbites of the early Spathian), conodont species (e.g., Scythogondolella milleri, Novispathodus waageni, and Borinella buurensis of the late Smithian, and ‘Triassospathodus’ hungaricus, Neogondolella aff. sweeti, and Icriospathodus spp. of the early Spathian), and carbonate carbon isotope excursions provide appropriate markers for constraining the SSB. Use of the first occurrence of the conodont Novispathodus pingdingshanensis as a potential marker of the SSB is also discussed. Based on correlations of biostratigraphic and carbon isotope data globally, we propose to revise previous placements of the SSB transition in some sections. Finally, we show that the Smithian Thermal Maximum (STM; herein named) was middle Smithian in age and not correlative with the SSB, as inferred in some earlier studies, and that the SSB coincided with a subsequent major global cooling event.

Published
2019

11. The Smithian-Spathian boundary: a critical juncture in the Early Triassic recovery of marine ecosystems

Author

Thomas J. Algeo, Arnaud Brayard, Sylvain Richoz, Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati (UC), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Department of Geology [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Institute of Earth Sciences, NAWI Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-NAWI Graz

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Early Triassic, Boundary (topology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Juncture
Abstract

6 pages; International audience

Published
2019

12. Application of local singularity in prospecting potential oil/gas Targets

Author

Qiuming Cheng, Zhijun Chen, Zhengyu Bao, Gao Chen, Shuyun Xie, EGU, Publication, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), School of Earth Sciences [Wuham], Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [York University - Toronto] (ESSE), York University [Toronto], Southern Company of China Petrochemical Corporation, and Kunming

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Soil test, Mineralogy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 01 natural sciences, Methane, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], chemistry.chemical_compound, Singularity, Kriging, Prospecting, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Anomaly (natural sciences), lcsh:QC801-809, Drilling, Multifractal system, lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:Geophysics. Cosmic physics, chemistry, [PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, lcsh:Q, Geology, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

International audience; Together with generalized self-similarity and the fractal spectrum, local singularity analysis has been introduced as one part of the new 3S principle and technique for mineral resource assessment based on multifractal modeling, which has been demonstrated to be useful for anomaly delineation. Local singularity is used in this paper to characterize the property of multifractal distribution patterns of geochemical indexes to delineate potential areas for oil/gas exploration using the advanced GeoDAS GIS technology. Geochemical data of four oil/gas indexes, consisting of acid-extracted methane (SC1), ethane (SC2), propane (SC3), and secondary carbonate (?C), from 9637 soil samples amassed within a large area of 11.2×104 km2 in the Songpan-Aba district, Sichuan Province, southwestern China, were analyzed. By eliminating the interference of geochemical oil/gas data with the method of media-modification and Kriging, the prospecting area defined by the local singularity model is better identified and the results show that the subareas with higher singularity exponents for the four oil/gas indexes are potential targets for oil/gas exploration. These areas in the shape of rings or half-rings are spatially associated with the location of the known producing drilling well in this area. The spatial relationship between the anomalies delineated by oil/gas geochemical data and distribution patterns of local singularity exponents is confirmed by using the stable isotope of ?13C.

Published
2018

13. Cooling history of the Gongga batholith: Implications for the Xianshuihe Fault and Miocene kinematics of SE Tibet

Author

Marie-Luce Chevalier, Philippe Hervé Leloup, Jean-Louis Paquette, Matthias Bernet, Yuan-Ze Zhang, Guocan Wang, Peter van der Beek, Anne Replumaz, Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre (LST), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Tectonique reliefs et bassins, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institute of Geology [CAGS Beijing] (CAGS), Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences [Beijing] (CAGS), Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR)-Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Plateau, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Massif, Late Miocene, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Batholith, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Geology, Seismology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Slip rate
Abstract

Using thermochronological data and thermokinematic modeling, we constrain the timing of late Miocene exhumation of the northern portion of the Gongga batholith, located in Southeast Tibet along the Xianshuihe Fault (XF). We show that rapid exhumation started in the north of the Gongga batholith at ∼9 Ma at a rate of ∼1.85 km/Myr and slowed down since ∼4 Ma. A magmatic pulse occurring during the early Pliocene (∼4 Ma) has overprinted the rapid Miocene exhumation phase in some parts of the batholith, which record mainly early Pliocene post-magmatic cooling. Slow exhumation since ∼4 Ma is consistent with the present-day lower relief observed in the centre of the batholith, which contrasts with the rugged high peaks located to the south. We propose that the northern segment of the XF, the Yalahe fault, which is not active at present, was active between 9 and 4 Ma, forming a restraining bend that focused exhumation south of it. Since ∼4 Ma, the Selaha and the Zheduotang faults form the present-day restraining bend south of which the highest part of the massif is located, including the Gongga Shan that rises more than 3000 m above the mean elevation of the plateau. In the north of the batholith, similar peaks have been removed since the Miocene by local relief reduction at high elevations. Considering that the onset of motion along the XF is contemporaneous with the onset of rapid exhumation recorded along the Kangding transect at ∼9 Ma and a total offset of ∼62 km documented for the XF, the average slip rate of the XF is ∼7 mm/yr since 9 Ma.

Published
2017

14. In the aftermath of the end-Permian extinction: the microbialite refuge?

Author

Marie-Béatrice Forel, Pierre-Yves Collin, Steve Kershaw, Sylvie Crasquin, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for the Environment [Uxbridge], Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Support from the French CNRS Research Team UMR 7207 CR2P and the Chinese programs NSFC (40621002) and 111 (B08030)., State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements ( CR2P ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute for the Environment, Brunel University, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Extinction, Low oxygen, Ecology, Fauna, Geology, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Extant taxon, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Food supply, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Permian–Triassic extinction event, [ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

7 pages; International audience; We present the first study of micro-crustaceans (ostracods) associated with microbial crusts in the aftermath of the most devastating extinction, the end-Permian extinction (EPE). These post-extinction microbialites dominated shallow shelf marine environments and were traditionally considered as devoid of any associated fauna. We present a micro-palaeontological analysis of a large record from microbial and non-microbial settings following the EPE. This dataset documents the proliferation of ostracods strictly associated with microbialites. Based on the diet of extant ostracods and uniformitarianism, we propose that the abundant microbes in the mats served as an unlimited food supply. Photosynthetic cyanobacteria may also have locally provided oxygen under low oxygen conditions interpreted by others for the microbialites. Microbialites provided a specialised environment that may have acted as refuge for ostracods in the immediate aftermath of the EPE. The surviving faunas may have been progenitors for the starting of the latter radiation.

Published
2013

15. Biodiversity evolution through the Permian-Triassic boundary event: ostracods from the Bükk Mountains, Hungary

Author

János Haas, Pierre Yves Collin, Sylvie Crasquin, Kinga Hips, Marie Béatrice Forel, Steve Kershaw, State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements ( CR2P ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Geological, Geophysical and Space Science Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University ( ELTE ) -Hungarian Academy of Sciences [Budapest], Institute for the Environment, Brunel University, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Support from 2011 MNHN ATM 'Biodiversité actuelle et fossile. Crises, stress, restaurations et panchronisme: le message systématique'., State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institute for the Environment [Uxbridge], Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Systematics, 010506 paleontology, Hungary, South china, biology, Permian, Ostracoda, Biodiversity, Paleontology, 15. Life on land, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point, Stratotype, Ostracod, 14. Life underwater, Endemism, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Bükk Mountains, Permian-Triassic boundary, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biodiversity, [ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract

25 pages; International audience; One of the most complete Permian-Triassic boundary sections located in the Bükk Mountains (Hungary) was sampled for ostracod study. Seventy−six species are recognized, belonging to twenty genera. Fifteen new species are described and figured: Acratia? jeanvannieri Forel sp. nov., Acratia nagyvisnyoensis Forel sp. nov., Bairdia anisongae Forel sp. nov., Bairdia davehornei Forel sp. nov., Callicythere? balvanyseptentrioensis Forel sp. nov., Cytherellina? magyarorsza− gensis Forel sp. nov., Eumiraculum desmaresae Forel sp. nov., Hollinella fengqinglaii Crasquin sp. nov., Hungarella gerennavarensis Crasquin sp. nov., Langdaia bullabalvanyensis Crasquin sp. nov., Liuzhinia venninae Forel sp. nov., Liuzhinia bankutensis Forel sp. nov., Microcheilinella egerensis Forel sp. nov., Reviya praecurukensis Forel sp. nov., Shemonaella? olempskaella Forel sp. nov. One species is renamed: Bairdia baudini Crasquin nom. nov. Comparison of the Bálvány North section with the Meishan section (Zhejiang Province, South China), Global Boundary Stratotype Sec− tion and Point (GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB), reveals discrepancies linked to the environmental set− ting and particularly to bathymetry. The stratigraphical distribution of all the species is given and diversity variations are discussed. The Bálvány North section exhibits the lowest extinction rate of all PTB sections studied for ostracods analysis associated with a high level of endemism.

Published
2013

16. Ocean Acidification and the End-Permian Mass Extinction: To What Extent does Evidence Support Hypothesis?

Author

Pierre-Yves Collin, Marie-Béatrice Forel, Stephen Kershaw, Sylvie Crasquin, Yue Li, Institute for the Environment, Brunel University, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements ( CR2P ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Telecom Bretagne - Rennes, Télécom Bretagne, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Institute for the Environment [Uxbridge], Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Effects of global warming on oceans, ocean acidification, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, 14. Life underwater, Permian–Triassic extinction event, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, High rate, end-Permian extinction, microbialite, ocean buffer, stylolite, lcsh:QE1-996.5, fungi, Biota, Ocean acidification, lcsh:Geology, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Subaerial, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Sedimentary rock, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, geographic locations
Abstract

International audience; Ocean acidification in modern oceans is linked to rapid increase in atmospheric CO 2 , raising concern about marine diversity, food security and ecosystem services. Proxy evidence for acidification during past crises may help predict future change, but three issues limit confidence of comparisons between modern and ancient ocean acidification, illustrated from the end-Permian extinction, 252 million years ago: (1) problems with evidence for ocean acidification preserved in sedimentary rocks, where proposed marine dissolution surfaces may be subaerial. Sedimentary evidence that the extinction was partly due to ocean acidification is therefore inconclusive; (2) Fossils of marine animals potentially affected by ocean acidification are imperfect records of past conditions; selective extinction of hypercalcifying organisms is uncertain evidence for acidification; (3) The current high rates of acidification may not reflect past rates, which cannot be measured directly, and whose temporal resolution decreases in older rocks. Thus large increases in CO 2 in the past may have occurred over a long enough time to have allowed assimilation into the oceans, and acidification may not have stressed ocean biota to the present extent. Although we acknowledge the very likely occurrence of past ocean acidification, obtaining support presents a continuing challenge for the Earth science community. OPEN ACCESS Geosciences 2012, 2 222

Published
2012

17. Ostracods (Crustacea) through the Permian-Triassic boundary in South China: the Meishan stratotype (Zhejiang Province)

Author

Marie-Béatrice Forel, Sylvie Crasquin, Pierre-Yves Collin, François Baudin, Yuan Ai-hua, Feng Qinglai, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), and China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, South china, biology, Permian, Paleontology, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Crustacean, Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point, Stratotype, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Botany, Taxonomy (biology), 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Permian–Triassic boundary, located in Meishan, Zhejiang Province, South China, was sampled bed-by-bed for ostracods. Ninety-eight species belonging to forty-three genera are recognized. Twenty-five new species are described and figured: Bairdia bassoni Crasquin sp. nov., B. broutini Crasquin sp. nov., B. deweveri Crasquin sp. nov., B. fangnianqiaoi Crasquin sp. nov., B. gaelleae Crasquin sp. nov., B. limatusformis Forel sp. nov., B. paussi Crasquin sp. nov., B. pierrevalentini Crasquin sp. nov., B. wushunbaoi Crasquin sp. nov., Baschkirina ballei Crasquin sp. nov., B. huzhouensis Forel sp. nov., Basslerella annesophieae Crasquin sp. nov., Hollinella martensiformis Crasquin sp. nov., Kempfina taihuensis Forel sp. nov., Knightina hongfui Crasquin sp. nov., Liuzhinia praeantalyaensis Forel sp. nov., Microcheilinella rectodorsata Forel sp. nov., M. shicheni Crasquin sp. nov., M.? multinodosa Forel sp. nov., Orthobairdia lemairei Crasquin sp. nov., Paraparc...

Published
2010

18. Ostracods (Crustacea) and water oxygenation in the earliest Triassic of South China: implications for oceanic events at the end-Permian mass extinction

Author

Marie-Béatrice Forel, Steve Kershaw, Pierre-Yves Collin, Sylvie Crasquin, Qinglai Feng, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Micropaléontologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Laboratoire de tectonique (LT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Extinction, Permian, biology, Fauna, Detritivore, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Benthic zone, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Ostracod, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, Permian–Triassic extinction event, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Ostracods (Crustacea) are benthic inhabitants well known for their consistent qualities as paleoenvironment markers. In particular, they are reliable indicators of water oxygenation level: filter feeders are more common in poor oxygen conditions, contrasting with deposit feeders, which are abundant in well-oxygenated settings. In the Permian/Triassic (P/Tr) boundary transition in the Great Bank of Guizhou, ostracod species are dominated by deposit feeders, showing well-oxygenated conditions from the latest Permian, through the extinction level into the earliest Triassic. These results are consistent with ostracod faunas from northwest Guangxi Province. However, these two examples are in contrast with coeval ostracods from Sichuan, which show lower-than-normal oxygen levels in the earliest Triassic. The Great Bank of Guizhou forms an isolated platform in the large Nanpanjiang Basin on the south side of the South China Block; northwest Guangxi is nearby, in a marginal setting: both faced the Panthalassa Oce...

Published
2009

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